JPH02250932A - Manufacture of composite material - Google Patents
Manufacture of composite materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02250932A JPH02250932A JP7147089A JP7147089A JPH02250932A JP H02250932 A JPH02250932 A JP H02250932A JP 7147089 A JP7147089 A JP 7147089A JP 7147089 A JP7147089 A JP 7147089A JP H02250932 A JPH02250932 A JP H02250932A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- composite material
- additive
- molten metal
- primary crystals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001325 element alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の目的〕
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、複合材料の製造方法に係り、特に粒子、ウィ
スカー等の添加物を合金に分散させて添加するようにし
た複合材料の製造方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Objective of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite material, in particular a method for manufacturing a composite material, in which additives such as particles and whiskers are dispersed and added to an alloy. This invention relates to a method for manufacturing composite materials.
（従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題）従来、
強化複合材料の製造方法としては添加物と金属粉末とを
混合し、これを金型等で成形した後に焼結する粉末冶金
法があり、また、ボロン、炭素、アルミナ、炭化ケイ素
を繊維とする強化材プリフォームを金型に配置し、これ
に純アルミニュウムの如き金属または合金の溶湯を注入
し加圧成形するようにした溶湯鋳造法等がある。(Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention) Conventionally,
There is a powder metallurgy method for producing reinforced composite materials, in which additives and metal powder are mixed, molded in a mold, etc., and then sintered, and boron, carbon, alumina, and silicon carbide are used as fibers. There is a molten metal casting method in which a reinforcing material preform is placed in a mold, and a molten metal such as pure aluminum or an alloy is injected into the mold and pressure molded.
これ等の方法のうち粉末冶金法では添加物が合金中に適
度に分散配置されず、局部的に強度が弱い部分が生じる
し、また、溶湯鋳造法では強化材プリフォーム中に溶湯
が十分に浸透されず、末複合化部が生じ強度が局部的に
弱い部分が生じることがある等の問題があった。Among these methods, in the powder metallurgy method, the additives are not properly dispersed in the alloy, resulting in localized areas of weak strength, and in the molten metal casting method, the molten metal is not sufficiently dispersed in the reinforcing material preform. There were problems such as not being permeated, resulting in the formation of composite parts and locally weak strength parts.
本発明は、これ等の問題を解決するためにアルミニュウ
ムの如き溶湯状態あるいは部分凝固状態の合金中に粒子
、ウィスカー等の添加物を分散させながら添加し強固な
複合材料を製造方法するようにしたものである。In order to solve these problems, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing strong composite materials by adding additives such as particles and whiskers to a molten or partially solidified alloy such as aluminum while dispersing them. It is something.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明は、二元素以上の溶湯状態の合金にまたは部分凝
固状態の合金に粒子、ウィスカー等の添加物を分散して
添加させ、この合金を冷却しながら撹拌して凝固させる
ようにしたものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention involves adding dispersed additives such as particles and whiskers to a molten alloy of two or more elements or a partially solidified alloy, and stirring the alloy while cooling it. It is made to solidify.
（作 用）
二元素置上の溶湯状態の合金に添加物を添加し、この合
金を冷却しながら撹拌すると、この添加物が核となる初
品が晶出し、その後全体が凝固すると、この初晶部が添
加物により強化された複合材料となる。また、添加物の
量によっては初晶が晶出されて強化されるとともにマト
リックスも強化された複合材料となる。さらにまた、二
元素置上の部分凝固状態の合金に粒子、ウィスカー等の
添加物を分散して添加し、この合金を冷却しながら撹拌
すると、マトリックスが強化された合金が得られる。(Function) When an additive is added to a molten alloy placed on a two-element system and the alloy is stirred while being cooled, an initial product with the additive as a nucleus crystallizes out, and then when the whole solidifies, this initial product crystallizes. The result is a composite material whose crystalline parts are strengthened by additives. Furthermore, depending on the amount of additives, primary crystals are crystallized and strengthened, and the matrix is also strengthened to form a composite material. Furthermore, by adding dispersed additives such as particles and whiskers to an alloy in a partially solidified state on a two-element system, and stirring the alloy while cooling, an alloy with a strengthened matrix can be obtained.
（実施例）
以下図面について本発明複合材料を製造方法の一実施例
を説明する。(Example) An example of the method for manufacturing the composite material of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
一般に、合金は、その合金比率により異なるが温度によ
り凝固状態、部分凝固状態および溶湯状態となる。すな
わち、第２図は、Ａｌ−３ｔ合金の平衡状態図であり、
例えば、Ａ ｌ−２２％Ｓｉ合金では、７３０℃以上の
温度で溶湯状態、５７７℃〜７３０℃の温度範囲で部分
凝固状態、５７７℃以下の温度で凝固状態となる。In general, an alloy can be in a solidified state, a partially solidified state, or a molten state depending on the temperature, depending on the alloy ratio. That is, FIG. 2 is an equilibrium state diagram of Al-3t alloy,
For example, an Al-22% Si alloy becomes a molten metal at a temperature of 730°C or higher, a partially solidified state at a temperature of 577°C to 730°C, and a solidified state at a temperature of 577°C or lower.
本発明は、合金の上記状態変化を利用して強化複合材料
を製造するものでって、まず、湯槽１１に合金１０を入
れ高温に加熱して溶湯状態１０ａにした後、この溶湯状
態１０ａの合金中にＳｉ粒子、ウィスカー等の添加物１
２を添加して撹拌しなが冷却する（第１図（ａ））。そ
こで、冷却が進み溶湯状態１０ａから部分凝固状態にな
ると、合金１０には添加物１２が核となって初晶１３が
晶出される（第１図（ｂ））。この合金１０をさらに冷
却しながら撹拌すると、初晶１３の内部に前記添加物１
２が優先的に消費され初晶１３が強化されるとともに、
その他の部分も次第に凝固してマトリックス１４が形成
され、強力複合材料となる（第１図（Ｃ））。In the present invention, a reinforced composite material is manufactured by utilizing the above state change of the alloy. First, the alloy 10 is placed in a hot water bath 11 and heated to a high temperature to form a molten metal state 10a, and then the alloy 10 is placed in a molten metal state 10a. Additives such as Si particles and whiskers in the alloy 1
2 and cooled while stirring (Fig. 1(a)). Then, as cooling progresses and the state changes from the molten state 10a to a partially solidified state, primary crystals 13 are crystallized in the alloy 10 with the additive 12 acting as a nucleus (FIG. 1(b)). When this alloy 10 is stirred while being further cooled, the additive 1 is added to the inside of the primary crystal 13.
2 is preferentially consumed and primary crystal 13 is strengthened,
The other portions are also gradually solidified to form a matrix 14, resulting in a strong composite material (FIG. 1(C)).
そこで、上記Ａｌ−２２％Ｓｉ合金により第１図に示す
複合材料を製造するには、７３０℃以上の温度で添加物
１２を入れ、撹拌しながら冷却すると５７７℃〜７３０
℃の温度範囲で初品１３が生成され、５７７℃以下に温
度が低下すると全体が凝固し複合材料となる。Therefore, in order to manufacture the composite material shown in FIG. 1 using the Al-22%Si alloy, add the additive 12 at a temperature of 730°C or higher and cool it while stirring.
The initial product 13 is produced in the temperature range of 577° C., and when the temperature drops below 577° C., the whole solidifies to form a composite material.
上記場合は初晶１３を強化して複合材料を製造するもの
であるが、添加物１２を多くすると初晶１３とマトリッ
クス１４を強化して複合材料が製造される。すなわち、
溶湯状態１０ａで多量の添加物１２を入れると部分凝固
状態において添加物１２が核となって初晶１３が生成さ
れとともに、その初晶１３に消費されず残った添加物１
２はマトリックス１４に分散して消費され、その後全体
が凝固することによって初晶１３とマトリックス１４と
の両者が添加物１２によって強化された強化複合材料と
なる。In the above case, a composite material is manufactured by strengthening the primary crystals 13, but if the amount of the additive 12 is increased, a composite material is manufactured by strengthening the primary crystals 13 and the matrix 14. That is,
When a large amount of the additive 12 is added in the molten state 10a, the additive 12 becomes a nucleus in the partially solidified state and primary crystals 13 are generated, and the additive 1 that is not consumed and remains in the primary crystal 13.
2 is dispersed in the matrix 14 and consumed, and then the entire material solidifies, thereby forming a reinforced composite material in which both the primary crystals 13 and the matrix 14 are strengthened by the additive 12.
さらにまた、この二元素置上の合金１０を部分凝固状態
にしてから、この合金に添加物１２を添加し、冷却しな
がら撹拌すると、この部分凝固状態の合金１０にはすで
にある温度で初晶２０が品出されているので（第３図（
ａ）） 、この初晶２０には添加物１２が受入れられず
添加物１２はマトリックス１４のみに分散して消費され
る（第３図（ｂ））。この状態でさらに冷却されると、
合金１０全体が凝固されマトリックス１４が強化された
強力な複合材料が製造される（第２図（Ｃ））。Furthermore, if the alloy 10 in the two-element state is brought into a partially solidified state, and then the additive 12 is added to this alloy and stirred while cooling, the alloy 10 in the partially solidified state will already have primary crystals at a certain temperature. 20 are on sale (see Figure 3).
a)) The additive 12 is not accepted in this primary crystal 20, and the additive 12 is dispersed and consumed only in the matrix 14 (FIG. 3(b)). If it is further cooled in this state,
The entire alloy 10 is solidified to produce a strong composite material with reinforced matrix 14 (FIG. 2(C)).
第４図、第５図および第６図は、上記方法により製造さ
れた複合材料の組織を示す顕微鏡写真である。FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 are micrographs showing the structure of the composite material manufactured by the above method.
即ち、第４図と第５図は、Ａｌ−２２％Ｓｉ合金（ＡＣ
９Ａ）を溶湯状態１０ａにし、これにＳｉ粒子の添加物
１２を５重量％、２０重量％を添加して製造した複合材
料である。That is, FIGS. 4 and 5 show that Al-22%Si alloy (AC
9A) was made into a molten metal state 10a, and 5% by weight and 20% by weight of Si particle additives 12 were added thereto to produce a composite material.
この写真から明らかなように添加物１２を５重量％（第
４図）を添加したものは、初晶２０だけが強化され、マ
トリックス１４には添加物１２が残らない強力な複合材
料である。また、２０重量％を添加したものは初晶２０
およびマトリックス１４が強化された強力な複合材料と
なる。As is clear from this photograph, the material to which 5% by weight of the additive 12 (FIG. 4) is added is a strong composite material in which only the primary crystals 20 are strengthened and no additive 12 remains in the matrix 14. In addition, when 20% by weight is added, primary crystals are 20%
and the matrix 14 becomes a reinforced and strong composite material.
第６図は、Ａｌ−２２％Ｓｉ合金（Ａ Ｃ９Ａ）を部分
凝固状態１０ｂにし、これにＳｉ粒子の添加物１２Ｓを
４０重量％を添加して製造した複合材料である。FIG. 6 shows a composite material produced by bringing an Al-22% Si alloy (AC9A) into a partially solidified state 10b and adding 40% by weight of an additive 12S of Si particles thereto.
この写真から明らかなように部分凝固状態１０ｂの合金
中に添加物１２を添加したものでは、添加物１２は初晶
２０に消費されずマトリックス１４のみに分散された強
力な複合材料となる。As is clear from this photograph, when the additive 12 is added to the alloy in the partially solidified state 10b, the additive 12 is not consumed in the primary crystals 20 but is dispersed only in the matrix 14, resulting in a strong composite material.
なお、上記実施例では添加物としてＳｉ粒子を用いたが
、ウィスカーのようなものを用いても同様な効果を得る
ことができる。Note that although Si particles were used as the additive in the above embodiments, similar effects can be obtained by using something like whiskers.
二元素以上の溶湯状態の合金を、あるいは部分凝固状態
の合金中に適量の粒子、ウィスカー等の添加物を添加し
て冷却しながら撹拌し複合材料を製造したので、添加物
が合金内の初品内あるいはマトリックス内に均一に分散
し、当該部の強度が増加され強力な複合材料を得ること
ができる。しかも、添加物の量によっては両者がともに
強化された複合材料を得ることができる。Composite materials are manufactured by adding an appropriate amount of additives such as particles or whiskers to a molten alloy of two or more elements or a partially solidified alloy and stirring while cooling. It is uniformly dispersed within the product or matrix, increasing the strength of the relevant part and making it possible to obtain a strong composite material. Furthermore, depending on the amount of additives, it is possible to obtain a composite material in which both are reinforced.
したがって、この強化複合材料の製造方法によれば強化
ブリフームを事前に製造する必要もなく、特別な加圧装
置も必要もない。Therefore, according to this method for manufacturing a reinforced composite material, there is no need to manufacture a reinforced brim in advance, nor is there a need for a special pressurizing device.
第１図は、本発明複合材の製造方法の概略を示す説明図
、第２図は、−数的な二元素合金の平衡状態図、第３図
は、本発明の他の複合材の製造方法の概略を示す説明図
、第４図、第５図および第６図は、それぞれ第１図およ
び第３図により製造された複合材の組成を示す顕微鏡写
真である。
１０・・・合金、１１・・・湯槽、１２・・・添加物、
１３．２０・・・初晶、１４・・・マトリックス。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the method for manufacturing the composite material of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a numerical equilibrium state diagram of a two-element alloy, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for manufacturing another composite material of the present invention. Explanatory drawings showing the outline of the method, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 are micrographs showing the composition of the composite materials manufactured according to FIGS. 1 and 3, respectively. 10... Alloy, 11... Hot water tank, 12... Additive,
13.20...primary crystal, 14...matrix.
Claims (1)
合金に粒子、ウィスカ等の添加物を分散して添加させ、
この合金を冷却しながら撹拌して凝固するようにしたこ
とを特徴とする複合材料の製造方法。Dispersing and adding additives such as particles and whiskers to an alloy of two or more elements in a molten state or an alloy in a partially solidified state,
A method for manufacturing a composite material, characterized in that the alloy is stirred and solidified while being cooled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7147089A JPH02250932A (en) | 1989-03-23 | 1989-03-23 | Manufacture of composite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7147089A JPH02250932A (en) | 1989-03-23 | 1989-03-23 | Manufacture of composite material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02250932A true JPH02250932A (en) | 1990-10-08 |
Family
ID=13461526
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7147089A Pending JPH02250932A (en) | 1989-03-23 | 1989-03-23 | Manufacture of composite material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02250932A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002339027A (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2002-11-27 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Member using aluminum alloy composite material and its producing method |
-
1989
- 1989-03-23 JP JP7147089A patent/JPH02250932A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002339027A (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2002-11-27 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Member using aluminum alloy composite material and its producing method |
| JP4550314B2 (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2010-09-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Member using aluminum-based composite material and method for manufacturing the same |
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