JPH02246985A - Pressure variable valve for embedding in living body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute the open and close of the channel of a body fluid and the pressure control by building a valve mechanism in a valve for embedding in living body and displacing a pressure to a valve part with a ratchet mechanism in a multistage system. CONSTITUTION:When a pressure lever 21 in the valve is in an A position by being pressed upward by the elastic force as a spring 27, a valve part 24 blocks a body fluid inlet 8 and closes the channel. When a housing upper surface 3a is pressed and a pressure lever 21 is pressed down to an A' position from such a condition, the head part of a lock piece 29 is engaged with a click 30a in the upper stage of a ratchet 30, and the pressure lever 21 is held in the A' position against the force of the spring 27. Along with it, the spring force of a connection plate 23 is made weak, and the pressure to the valve part 24 is made weak. In response to it, a clearance between the valve part 24 and the inlet 8 is generated, a pulpa liquid in an introducing tube 5 and a communication passage 8a flows into a sealed room 4, and it flows out from a conduct-out tube 6. At the time of making the flow quantity of the pulpa liquid further larger, when the pressure lever 21 is pressed down to an A'' position, the lock piece 29 is engaged with the click 30a in the next stage.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a valve for implantation in a living body that enables pressure control of body fluid flowing inside a catheter or the like implanted in a living body.

[Prior Art] It is known that in brain disorders such as hydrocephalus, a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the cerebrospinal fluid cavity of the brain inside the cranium, causing abnormally high intracranial pressure and causing various disorders. ing.

Surgical treatment in such cases involves inserting a tubular catheter into the cerebrospinal fluid cavity, connecting it to the peritoneal cavity, thoracic cavity, or atrial catheter via an ON-OFF valve, and draining the cerebrospinal fluid into the peritoneal cavity, pleural cavity, or atrium, respectively. It is common practice to flush the In some cases, the spinal cord is connected to a spinal catheter and the spinal fluid is allowed to flow into the abdominal cavity.

However, in this treatment, the flow rate of cerebrospinal fluid is too high and when it overflows, the ventricles of the brain shrink, causing symptoms such as headache and vomiting. This is mainly due to the difference in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid at the time of surgery and afterward, and the drastic change in flow rate due to changes in the patient's position.

For this reason, in the past, reoperation was required to change to a peritoneal catheter with a different set pressure, but recently, catheters with a valve mechanism to temporarily occlude the flow path inside the catheter, and Variable flow valves that can control the flow rate of liquid and variable pressure valves that can control pressure have been developed.

A known example of the former is the one proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-317161. This valve, as shown in FIG. By providing a seesaw type valve mechanism 53 having a stopper section 56, a valve plate 54 of the valve mechanism is pushed from the upper surface of the sealed chamber 50, and the inlet section 57 is opened and closed by the valve section 55.

Further, as an example of the latter, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 144664/1984 is known. As shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b), in this device, a flexible relay chamber 60 equipped with a ventricular catheter 65 and a peritoneal catheter 66 is divided by a partition wall 61, and the partition wall 61 has two types of flow rates. Check valves 62 and 63 are provided, and one sphere 64 is used to close one of these check valves, to open both check valves by placing them in the center, or to close the flow path by moving them to a blocking part. This is what I did.

Further, as an example of a variable pressure valve, one shown in FIG. 8 is known. The pressure of this valve can be adjusted by moving a semicircular spring 73 inside the valve.

This spring 73 is fixed to one end of a rotor 70 that has two built-in magnets 72.
As the valve rotates, it moves along the inner wall of the valve. The spring 73 is fixed by aligning one end of the spring 73 with the recess of the stopper 74, and when the spring 73 moves, the resistance at the contact point between the ruby hole 71 and the spring 73 changes, and as a result, the pressure changes. There is. The stopper 74 has eight levels, and the spring 73 is set to each stopper 74.
The pressure can be selected by adjusting the pressure. The pressure of this device can be easily adjusted using a special programming magnet (not shown).

First, determine the axis of the valve, and then place a Silha compass (not shown) over the location where the valve is implanted to confirm the position of the rotor. Then place the magnet over the valve so that the magnet's polar axis is aligned with the rotor axis. Rotate the axis of the magnet to the desired position,
Valve pressure changes. As shown in the diagram, there are two stop points inside the valve, which prevent the rotor from rotating any further.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned valve of JP-A-63-317161 only has the function of opening and closing the flow path using a seesaw type valve mechanism, and cannot control the flow rate or pressure according to the patient's symptoms. The drawback is that it cannot be done. Also, JP-A-82
- Is it possible to switch the flow rate with the device of No. 144664?
It is troublesome to move the sphere from outside the relay room, and it is difficult to accurately judge the position of the sphere from outside. Furthermore, the apparatus shown in FIG. 8 requires a dedicated compass, and has the disadvantage that it is not easy to determine the state of the pressure from the outside. In addition, although this device can vary the set pressure, it cannot shut off the flow path, and since it uses a programming magnet to adjust the pressure, it may stop working during adjustment, or it may be exposed to strong magnetic fields such as MRI. The drawback is that the magnetism may become distorted if left in place.

The present invention was proposed to solve these problems, and in particular improves the seesaw type valve mechanism,
The object of the present invention is to provide a valve for implantation in a living body that has a flow channel opening/closing function and a pressure control function.

[Means for Solving the Problems] For the above purpose, the present invention provides a valve for implantation in a living body that is disposed in the middle of a body fluid guiding tube, and a valve mechanism is provided in a sealed chamber having an inlet and an outlet for body fluid. , a valve for implantation in a biological body that is configured to vary the pressure of the body fluid inlet by the valve mechanism, wherein one end of the valve mechanism is provided with a ratchet mechanism that can be depressed in multiple stages, and the other end is provided with a ratchet mechanism that can be depressed in multiple stages. Its basic feature is that it has a valve portion formed so that the pressure at the body fluid inlet can be varied by changing the pressing force.

[Embodiments] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

FIG. 1 is a half-section partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of the valve for implantation in a living body according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the same valve, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a housing made of biocompatible elastomer or synthetic resin such as silicone rubber, and a sealed chamber 4 is formed by a bottom plate 2 and a hood part 3. The upper surface 3a of this hood portion 3 is formed relatively thin and has elasticity in the vertical direction. Further, a body fluid introduction tube 5 such as cerebrospinal fluid is connected to one end of the hood portion 3 in the front-rear direction, and a discharge tube 6 is connected to the other end.

A base 7 made of hard synthetic resin is fixed on the bottom plate 2 of the sealed chamber 4. A body fluid inlet part 8 and a body fluid outlet part 9 are opened in this base 7, and communication passages 8 and 9 are respectively opened therein.
It communicates with the body fluid inlet tube 5 and outlet tube 6 via a and 9a.

The body fluid inlet portion 8 of this embodiment is opened to a valve seat portion lO protruding from the base 7, and has a tapered shape that becomes smaller in diameter toward the bottom.

On the other hand, a seesaw type valve mechanism 20 is attached to the base 7. This valve mechanism 20 consists of a pressing lever 21, a header 22, and a connecting plate 23 having spring properties that connects these.The header 22 has a valve portion 24 formed therein. The valve portion 24 may have any shape as long as it can close off the body fluid inlet portion 8, and in this embodiment, its lower end portion is formed into a spherical shape. Note that the header 22
Although the valve portion 24 and the valve portion 24 are integrally formed, they may be constructed as separate bodies, and the valve portion 24 may be replaced with a ball.

The rear end of the pressing lever 21 is pivotally connected to a bearing 25 provided at the center of the base 7 by a pin 26, and is rotatable in the vertical direction about the pin 26.

A spring 27 is interposed between the lower surface of the pressing lever 21 and the base 7, as shown in FIG.
1, an elastic force is applied in the vertical direction. Further, an opening 28 is formed in the center of the pressing lever 21, and a locking piece 29 is protruded from the tip side of the opening.

On the other hand, a ratchet 30 is fixed to the base 7 in correspondence with the locking piece 29. The legs of this ratchet 30 are embedded in the base 7, and a plurality of pawls 30a are provided in the vertical direction in a step-like manner at the tip. When the pressing lever 21 is pushed down, the tip of the locking piece 29 sequentially engages with the winter melon 30a, and when the pressing lever 21 is pushed down to the lowest position, the engagement with the claw is released. The configuration is such that the pressing lever 21 can be replaced.

In this embodiment, the pressing lever 21 and the header 22 are made of hard synthetic resin, and the connecting plate 23 has a spring property.
, the locking piece 29 and the ratchet 30 are made of stainless steel, ceramic rough, or the like.

The above-mentioned embodiment is an example of the present invention, and each member and mechanism is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration and material. A tapered shape may be used, and the ratchet mechanism may be changed to another mechanism as required.

Next, an example of the operation of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

First, although not shown in the drawings, to the above-mentioned valve, a ventricular catheter is connected to the introduction tube 5, and a peritoneal catheter is connected to the extraction tube 6. In these procedures, the tip of a ventricular catheter is inserted into the ventricle of the brain, the tip of a peritoneal catheter is inserted into the abdominal cavity, and the valve is buried in the topsoil of the skull.

Now, when the above-mentioned suppression lever 21 in the valve is pushed upward by the elastic force of the spring 27 and is in the positions A in FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 8 and the flow path is closed.

From this state, when the housing upper surface 3a is pressed and the pressing lever 21 is pushed down to the position A', the tip of the locking piece 29 engages with the upper pawl 30a of the ratchet 30, and the spring 2
7, the pressing lever 21 is held at the Ao position. As a result, the spring force of the connecting plate 23 weakens, and the pressure on the valve portion 24 weakens. Correspondingly, the valve portion 24 is lifted toward the closed chamber 4 by body fluid pressure, creating a clearance with the inlet 8 and introducing the introduction tube 5 and the communication passage 8.
The cerebrospinal fluid in a flows into the sealed chamber 4 through the clearance, and flows out from the outlet tube 6 through the outlet 9 and the communication passage 9a. This cerebrospinal fluid will flow into the peritoneal cavity through the peritoneal catheter.

If you want to increase the flow rate of cerebrospinal fluid, press the suppression lever 21.
Fi! :A" and the position shown in FIG. 5(C), the locking piece 29 engages with the next stage claw 30a. In response, the valve part 24 is further lifted toward the sealed chamber 4 by body fluid pressure. A clearance is created between the tube and the inlet 8, and a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid flows out through the sealed chamber 4 into the outlet tube 6.

In addition, push down the suppression lever 21 to the lowest position and release the locking piece 2.
0 is removed from the lowest pawl of the ratchet 30, the pressing lever 21 is pushed up to its original position by the elastic force of the spring 27, and the inlet 8 is closed by the valve portion 24 with strong pressure.

Although the above embodiment describes the case where cerebrospinal fluid is made to flow into the peritoneal cavity using a ventricular catheter, it can also be made to flow into the cervix cavity and atrium. It is also possible to flush from the spinal cord into the abdominal cavity.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention described above, in the valve mechanism built into the valve for biological implantation, the pressure to the valve part is changed in a multi-stage manner by the ratchet mechanism, so that the flow path of body fluids is changed. In addition to opening and closing, it is also possible to control the pressure. Moreover, this pressure control can be easily and accurately operated by simply pressing the pressure lever from the top of the valve. Moreover, by simply touching the pressure lever from outside the valve and confirming its position, it is possible to know the open/closed state of the flow path and the set pressure. This effect can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a half-section partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of the valve for implantation in a living body according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the same valve, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B, Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of the operation of the valve, Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional biological implant valve, and Fig. 7 is another conventional valve. An example is shown in which (a) is a horizontal sectional view, and (b) is a vertical sectional view. In the figure, 4 is a sealed chamber, 5 is a body fluid inlet tube, 6 is a body fluid outlet tube, 20 is a seesaw type valve mechanism, 21 is a press lever, 22 is a header, 23 is a connection plate, 24 is a valve part, and 29 is a lock 30 is a ratchet, and 30a is a ratchet pawl. Patent Applicant Nobumasa Kuwana Agent Patent Attorney Masaharu Hakiri 3rd Ward 3゜Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 7 (a) Figure 7 (b) Figure 7 (a) Figure 7 (b) Figure 7 Proposal Procedures (spontaneous) June 14, 1999

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A valve for implantation in a living body disposed in the middle of a body fluid guide tube, with a valve mechanism provided in a sealed chamber having an inlet and an outlet for body fluid, and the pressure at the body fluid inlet being varied by the valve mechanism. The valve for implantation in a living body is provided with a ratchet mechanism that can be depressed in multiple stages at one end of the valve mechanism, and a ratchet mechanism that can be depressed in multiple stages at the other end so that the pressure at the body fluid inlet can be varied by changing the depression force of the ratchet mechanism. A variable pressure type valve for implantation in a biological body configured to have a valve portion formed in the above.