JPH022325Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH022325Y2 JPH022325Y2 JP1985062470U JP6247085U JPH022325Y2 JP H022325 Y2 JPH022325 Y2 JP H022325Y2 JP 1985062470 U JP1985062470 U JP 1985062470U JP 6247085 U JP6247085 U JP 6247085U JP H022325 Y2 JPH022325 Y2 JP H022325Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- measured
- measurement
- fixed
- blood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003908 liver function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010033675 panniculitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004304 subcutaneous tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 101100495256 Caenorhabditis elegans mat-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002310 elbow joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この考案は血液中に注入された指示薬色素の血
中濃度もしくはスペクトルの変化を、皮膚の上に
おいた光学センサーによつて計測する装置の技術
に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] This invention is a technology for a device that measures changes in blood concentration or spectrum of an indicator dye injected into the blood using an optical sensor placed on the skin. It is related to.
従来より、肝機能（肝臓の解毒機能）や心拍出
量等の測定は、血液中に注入した指示薬色素の濃
度変化を測定して行つている。肝機能の測定につ
いていえば、その原理は以下の通りである。
Conventionally, liver function (detoxification function of the liver), cardiac output, etc. have been measured by measuring changes in the concentration of an indicator dye injected into the blood. Regarding the measurement of liver function, the principle is as follows.
指示薬色素（例えばインドシアングリーン
（ICG））を血液中に注入すると、ICGが肝臓に吸
収され、その血中濃度が減少していく。したがつ
て、その減少の速度（濃度消失率）を測定して肝
機能の良否を判定することができる。 When an indicator dye (for example, indocyan green (ICG)) is injected into the blood, ICG is absorbed by the liver and its blood concentration decreases. Therefore, the quality of liver function can be determined by measuring the rate of decrease (concentration disappearance rate).
上記の測定を経皮的に行うため、考案者はすで
に、特開昭54−125886号、特開昭59−189828号な
らびに特願昭60−4739号の発明を行つてきた。２
波長測定法を例にとり、その構成を第３図に示
す。白色光源２の光は、フアイバー６を経て、ス
タンド９に固定された経皮測定センサー８から皮
膚１０に向けて照射される。照射された光の散乱
反射光は、再びセンサー８で受光され、フアイバ
ー１２を経て、干渉フイルター１４，１６に入力
される。干渉フイルター１４はICGに吸収される
度合いの大きい波長の光（例えば805nm）のみを
通過させ、干渉フイルター１６はICGに吸収され
る度合の小さい波長の光（例えば860nm）のみを
通過させる。したがつて、皮膚１０内の血管に含
まれるICGの量に対応して、光検出器１８，２０
の出力差が変化する。これらの出力を、演算回路
２２で演算し、表示装置２４で濃度変化（吸光度
差）として表示している。 In order to carry out the above measurement transcutaneously, the inventor has already made inventions in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 125886-1986, 189828-1982, and Japanese Patent Application No. 4739-1982. 2
Taking the wavelength measurement method as an example, its configuration is shown in FIG. The light from the white light source 2 passes through the fiber 6 and is irradiated from the transdermal measurement sensor 8 fixed to the stand 9 toward the skin 10. The scattered reflected light of the irradiated light is received again by the sensor 8, passes through the fiber 12, and is input to the interference filters 14 and 16. The interference filter 14 allows only light with a wavelength that is highly absorbed by ICG (for example, 805 nm) to pass therethrough, and the interference filter 16 passes only light that has a wavelength that is less likely to be absorbed by ICG (for example, 860 nm). Therefore, depending on the amount of ICG contained in the blood vessels within the skin 10, the photodetectors 18, 20
The output difference changes. These outputs are calculated by the calculation circuit 22 and displayed as concentration changes (absorbance differences) on the display device 24.
考案者による先の発明によれば、経皮的に測定
を行なうことができるので、採血等によつて患者
に与える侵態がなく、その上、指示薬色素注入初
期の濃度変化も測定できるという大きな効果を得
ることができた。しかしながら、これら先の発明
は、次のような問題点をもつていることが発明者
により明らかにされた。
According to the inventor's previous invention, measurement can be performed transcutaneously, so there is no invasiveness to the patient due to blood sampling, etc., and furthermore, it is possible to measure concentration changes at the initial stage of indicator dye injection. I was able to get the effect. However, the inventor revealed that these previous inventions had the following problems.
測定の際、経皮測定センサーは第３図のように
スタンド９等で固定されて皮膚１０にあてがわれ
る。ところが、強く押しつけると血行を障害し、
また逆に弱すぎて皮膚から少しでも難れると皮膚
面の反射や外部光などのために、測定に著しい誤
差を生じる。従来のような、スタンドを用いる固
定法では、センサーが固定されていても、測定部
が主体の一部（腕や足など）でるので、長時間の
測定中には測定部が移動してしまう。すなわち、
最初にセンサーの皮膚に対する圧迫の程度を適切
に調整しておいても、測定中に常にこの状態を安
定に保つことが著しく困難である。このため、皮
内および皮下組織内の血流状態や血液含量が変化
して、皮膚からの散乱反射光の量が極めて不安定
になる。一般に、組織および血液の散乱や吸収に
よる高吸収光・低吸収光の吸光度（厳密には減光
度）の差は、指示薬色素そのものの吸光度差に比
べ、かなり大きいので、上記の組織状態の変化は
測定値に大きな影響を与え、著しい誤差の原因と
なる。この考案の目的は、上記の問題点を解決
し、皮下組織の状態を安定に保つ装置を提供する
ことである。 During measurement, the transdermal measurement sensor is fixed with a stand 9 or the like and applied to the skin 10, as shown in FIG. However, if you press too hard, it will impede blood circulation.
On the other hand, if it is too weak and even slightly penetrates the skin, significant errors will occur in measurements due to reflections from the skin surface and external light. In the conventional fixation method using a stand, even if the sensor is fixed, the measuring part is exposed as part of the main body (arms, legs, etc.), so the measuring part moves during long measurements. . That is,
Even if the degree of pressure of the sensor on the skin is adjusted appropriately at the beginning, it is extremely difficult to keep this state stable during measurement. Therefore, the blood flow state and blood content within the skin and subcutaneous tissue change, and the amount of scattered reflected light from the skin becomes extremely unstable. In general, the difference in absorbance (strictly speaking, attenuation) between high absorption light and low absorption light due to scattering and absorption by tissues and blood is considerably larger than the difference in absorbance of the indicator dye itself, so the above changes in tissue state are This has a large effect on the measured values and causes significant errors. The purpose of this invention is to provide a device that solves the above problems and maintains a stable condition of the subcutaneous tissue.
この考案に係る支持台では、底面部、第１・第
２の側面部および上面部によつて、被測定物を導
入するための筒状部分を形成するとともに、これ
らを被測定物の測定部位に保持するための保持手
段を設けている。そして、この被測定物を保持し
た筒状部分の一部をなす上面部に、センサー位置
可変固定手段によつてセンサーを固定している。
このセンサー位置可変固定手段は、センサーを前
後・左右・上下方向に可変して固定する。
In the support stand according to this invention, the bottom part, the first and second side parts, and the top part form a cylindrical part for introducing the object to be measured, and these parts are connected to the measurement area of the object to be measured. A holding means is provided for holding it in place. A sensor is fixed to an upper surface portion forming a part of the cylindrical portion holding the object to be measured by a variable sensor position fixing means.
This sensor position variable fixing means variably fixes the sensor in front and rear, left and right, and up and down directions.
底面部、第１・第２の測面部、上面部によつて
形成される筒状部分に、被測定物（腕・足など）
を導入し、保持手段によつて保持する。上面部に
は、センサー位置可変手段が設けられていて、セ
ンサーを前後・左右・上下のいずれの方向にも可
変して固定できる。したがつて、センサーを最も
適正な位置に固定できることになる。
The object to be measured (arm, leg, etc.) is placed in the cylindrical part formed by the bottom part, the first and second surface measuring parts, and the top part.
is introduced and held by a holding means. A sensor position variable means is provided on the top surface, and the sensor can be moved and fixed in any of the front and rear, left and right, and up and down directions. Therefore, the sensor can be fixed at the most appropriate position.
上記のように、被測定物は筒状部分に保持さ
れ、センサーはこの筒状部分の一部をなす上面部
に固定される。したがつて、被測定物が動いて
も、その動きと平行してセンサーも動き、両者の
相対的な位置関係は安定に保たれる。 As described above, the object to be measured is held in the cylindrical portion, and the sensor is fixed to the upper surface portion that forms a part of the cylindrical portion. Therefore, even if the object to be measured moves, the sensor also moves in parallel with the movement, and the relative positional relationship between the two is maintained stable.
第１図にこの考案の一実施例を示す。被測定物
が腕である場合について説明すると以下の通りで
ある。底面部２６は、例えばプラスチツク板から
構成されている。ベツド上での使用を考えれば底
面部２６は広いほうが好ましい。第１の側面部２
８は、側板２８ａと側面支持体２８ｂとから構成
されており、第２の側面部３０も同様である。側
面支持体２８ｂは、側板２８ａを底面部２６に固
定するとともに、腕の回転移動を防止するために
設けられたものである。例えば、軟質塩化ビニー
ル、発泡スチロール、発泡ウレタン等を用いるこ
とが好ましい。底面部２６の上には、加熱マツト
３２が敷かれ、腕をくるむようになつている。ま
た、底面部２６には保持手段として固定バンド３
４ａ，３４ｂ，３４ｃが６本設けられている（４
本または、それ以上、以下でもよい）。この実施
例では、固定バンド３４ａによつて手首をしば
り、患者の手が曲がらないようにひじ関節よりや
や肩寄りの部位を固定バンド３４ｃでしばつてい
る。さらに、手の状態を安定にするため、固定バ
ンド３４ｂでもしばつている。これら６本の固定
バンド３４ａ，３４ｂ，３４ｃのしばり具合いを
変えることにより、センサー３８に対する腕の測
定部位の角度を変えて、両者の良好なな接触状態
を容易に得ることができる。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of this invention. The case where the object to be measured is an arm will be explained as follows. The bottom part 26 is made of, for example, a plastic plate. Considering the use on a bed, it is preferable that the bottom portion 26 be wide. First side part 2
8 is composed of a side plate 28a and a side support body 28b, and the second side part 30 is also the same. The side supports 28b are provided to fix the side plates 28a to the bottom portion 26 and to prevent rotational movement of the arms. For example, it is preferable to use soft vinyl chloride, styrofoam, urethane foam, or the like. A heating mat 32 is placed on the bottom part 26 so as to wrap around the arms. Further, a fixing band 3 is provided on the bottom portion 26 as a holding means.
Six pieces of 4a, 34b, and 34c are provided (4
book, or more or less). In this embodiment, a fixing band 34a binds the patient's wrist, and a fixing band 34c binds a portion slightly closer to the shoulder than the elbow joint to prevent the patient's hand from bending. Furthermore, in order to stabilize the condition of the hand, a fixing band 34b is also tied. By changing the tightness of these six fixing bands 34a, 34b, and 34c, the angle of the measuring part of the arm relative to the sensor 38 can be changed, and a good contact state between the two can be easily obtained.
腕３６を加熱マツト３２でくるみ、固定バンド
３４で固定した時の状態を、第２図に断面図で示
す。側板２８ａ，３０ａには、センサー導入孔４
０ａを有する上面部４０が固定されている。この
実施例においては、センサー位置可変固定手段
は、天板４１・センサー固定円筒４２によつて構
成されている。すなわち、円筒４２にはセンサー
支持棒４４が導入され、固定用ネジ４６によつて
センサー３８を上下に可変して固定できるように
なつている。また、この円筒４２は天板４１に固
定され、天板４１は上面部４０に固定ネジ５０・
ワツシヤ５２によつて固定できるようになつてい
る。そして、天板４１には固定ネジ５０より大き
い孔４１ａが設けられているので、天板４１は上
面部４０に対して前後左右にすべらせて移動し固
定可能である。なお、必要に応じてセンサー支持
棒４４の外周や、円筒４２に圧力手段（バネ等）
を設けて、一定の圧力を被測定物３６に与えるよ
うにすることも可能である。また、一定の圧力を
維持するためには、センサー３８に圧力検知手段
を設け、これの出力によつてモータ等を駆動し、
バネ圧を調整することが有効な場合もある。測定
を行う際には、加熱マツト３２によつて腕３６全
体を加熱し（43゜〜44℃）、センサー３８内の加熱
手段４８によつて測定部位を加熱する。これは加
熱によつて、皮内の血管を拡張し、血液含有量を
著しく増加させ、測定精度を向上させるためであ
る。考案者の先の発明では、センサー３８内にの
み加熱手段を設けていたが、これだけでは加熱が
不十分であつた。この実施例では、加熱マツト３
２によつて、被測定部位近傍を加熱し血行をよく
したうえで、加熱手段４８によつて測定部位を加
熱している。したがつて、安定した加熱を実現で
き、測定精度がさらに向上する。 FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the state in which the arm 36 is wrapped in the heating mat 32 and fixed with the fixing band 34. Sensor introduction holes 4 are provided in the side plates 28a and 30a.
The upper surface part 40 having 0a is fixed. In this embodiment, the sensor position variable fixing means is constituted by a top plate 41 and a sensor fixing cylinder 42. That is, a sensor support rod 44 is introduced into the cylinder 42, and the sensor 38 can be moved vertically and fixed using a fixing screw 46. Further, this cylinder 42 is fixed to a top plate 41, and the top plate 41 has a fixing screw 50 attached to the top surface portion 40.
It can be fixed with washers 52. Since the top plate 41 is provided with a hole 41a larger than the fixing screw 50, the top plate 41 can be fixed by sliding back and forth and left and right with respect to the top surface portion 40. Note that pressure means (such as a spring) may be attached to the outer periphery of the sensor support rod 44 or the cylinder 42 as necessary.
It is also possible to provide a constant pressure to the object 36 to be measured. In addition, in order to maintain a constant pressure, the sensor 38 is provided with a pressure detection means, and the output of this is used to drive a motor, etc.
Adjusting the spring pressure may also be effective. When making a measurement, the entire arm 36 is heated by the heating mat 32 (to 43 DEG -44 DEG C.), and the heating means 48 in the sensor 38 heats the measurement site. This is because heating expands intradermal blood vessels, significantly increases blood content, and improves measurement accuracy. In the inventor's previous invention, a heating means was provided only within the sensor 38, but this alone was insufficient for heating. In this embodiment, heating mat 3
2, the vicinity of the measurement site is heated to improve blood circulation, and then the measurement site is heated by the heating means 48. Therefore, stable heating can be achieved and measurement accuracy is further improved.
なお、この実施例では、被測定物が腕（手首お
よび上腕部等）である場合につき説明したが、足
等に用いることもできる。 In this embodiment, the case where the object to be measured is an arm (wrist, upper arm, etc.) has been described, but it can also be used for a leg, etc.
また、赤ん坊の場合には胴体を被測定物とする
こともできる。 Furthermore, in the case of a baby, the torso can also be used as the object to be measured.
〔考案の効果〕
この考案は、被測定部位を測定用支持台の底面
部、側面部、上面部に対して固定し、センサーを
この上面部に固定した構造とした。したがつて、
センサーと被測定部位との位置関係は安定に保持
され、以下の効果を得ることができる。[Effects of the invention] This invention has a structure in which the part to be measured is fixed to the bottom, side, and top parts of the measurement support, and the sensor is fixed to the top part. Therefore,
The positional relationship between the sensor and the part to be measured is maintained stably, and the following effects can be obtained.
第１に、センサーを軽く被測定物に接触・固定
させることができるので、必要以上に被測定物が
圧迫されて血流が悪くなり、測定精度を低下させ
ることがない。また、センサーを一様に被測定物
に接触させることができるので外部光の漏入影響
による測定誤差がない。 First, since the sensor can be lightly contacted and fixed to the object to be measured, the object to be measured will not be unnecessarily compressed, which will impair blood flow and reduce measurement accuracy. Furthermore, since the sensor can be uniformly brought into contact with the object to be measured, there is no measurement error due to the influence of leakage of external light.
さらにこの考案によれば、次のような重要な効
果を得ることができる。すなわち、被測定物が移
動してもセンサーがこれに平行して移動するの
で、測定中を通じて上記の適切な接触状態が維持
できる。その結果、被測定物の組織状態を安定に
保つことができ、測定値の変動や誤差を生じるお
それがない。 Furthermore, according to this invention, the following important effects can be obtained. That is, even if the object to be measured moves, the sensor moves in parallel with it, so that the above-mentioned appropriate contact state can be maintained throughout the measurement. As a result, the tissue state of the object to be measured can be kept stable, and there is no risk of fluctuations or errors in measurement values.
第１図はこの考案の一実施例を示す図、第２図
はその断面図、第３図は従来の血中色素の経皮測
定用装置を示す図である。
２６は底面部、２８は第１の側面部、３０は第
２の側面部、３４ａ，３４ｂ，３４ｃは固定バン
ド、４０は上面部、４１は天板、４２はセンサー
固定円筒、４６，５０は固定用ネジである。な
お、各図中同一符号は同一又は相当部分を示す。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of this invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional transcutaneous measuring device for blood pigment. 26 is a bottom part, 28 is a first side part, 30 is a second side part, 34a, 34b, 34c are fixing bands, 40 is a top part, 41 is a top plate, 42 is a sensor fixing cylinder, 46, 50 are This is a fixing screw. Note that the same reference numerals in each figure indicate the same or corresponding parts.
Claims (1)
がその所定間隔内に導入される第１・第２の側面
部、 側面部に固定され、底面部と所定の上下間隔を
もつて設けられた上面部、 底面部、側面部または上面部に固定され、これ
らを被測定物の測定部位に保持するための保持手
段、 上面部に設けられたセンサー位置可変固定手
段、 底面部、第１・第２の側面部および上面部の被
測定物と接触する面に設けられた電熱マツト、 を備えたことを特徴とする血中色素の経皮測定用
支持台。[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A bottom part on which the object to be measured is placed, first and second parts fixed to the bottom part at a predetermined interval, and into which the object to be measured is introduced within the predetermined interval. A side part, a top part that is fixed to the side part and is provided at a predetermined vertical distance from the bottom part; A holding means, a sensor position variable fixing means provided on the top surface, and an electric heating mat provided on the bottom surface, the first and second side surfaces, and the surface of the top surface that come into contact with the object to be measured. A support stand for transcutaneous measurement of blood pigments.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1985062470U JPH022325Y2 (en) | 1985-04-25 | 1985-04-25 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1985062470U JPH022325Y2 (en) | 1985-04-25 | 1985-04-25 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61177608U JPS61177608U (en) | 1986-11-06 |
| JPH022325Y2 true JPH022325Y2 (en) | 1990-01-19 |
Family
ID=30591713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1985062470U Expired JPH022325Y2 (en) | 1985-04-25 | 1985-04-25 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH022325Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL84356A (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1991-08-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Liver function testing apparatus |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4035266Y1 (en) * | 1964-11-24 | 1965-12-11 | ||
| JPS59189829A (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-10-27 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Pulse meter |
-
1985
- 1985-04-25 JP JP1985062470U patent/JPH022325Y2/ja not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4035266Y1 (en) * | 1964-11-24 | 1965-12-11 | ||
| JPS59189829A (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-10-27 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Pulse meter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61177608U (en) | 1986-11-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7233816B2 (en) | Optical sampling interface system for in vivo measurement of tissue | |
| WO2001024845A3 (en) | Method and apparatus for non-invasive continuous determination of physiological parameters of a patient's blood | |
| DK201300146U1 (en) | Apparatus for non-invasive spectroscopic measurement of analytes and method for using the same | |
| AU704278B2 (en) | Equipment and method for calibration and quality assurance of an ultrasonic bone analysis apparatus | |
| EP1217941B1 (en) | An optical device for non-invasive measurement of blood-related signals utilizing a finger holder | |
| US6616613B1 (en) | Physiological signal monitoring system | |
| US5137023A (en) | Method and apparatus for monitoring blood analytes noninvasively by pulsatile photoplethysmography | |
| JP3590409B2 (en) | Self-luminous non-invasive infrared spectrophotometer with temperature compensation | |
| Mahutte et al. | Progress in the development of a fluorescent intravascular blood gas system in man | |
| US20050203359A1 (en) | Optical sampling interface system for in-vivo measurement of tissue | |
| Lindberg et al. | Photoplethysmography: Part 1 Comparison with laser Doppler flowmetry | |
| US20060200017A1 (en) | Noninvasive targeting system method and apparatus | |
| PT1177762E (en) | A noninvasive blood pressure measuring method and apparatus | |
| CA2171640A1 (en) | Non-Invasive Blood Analyte Sensor | |
| JP2001501847A (en) | Motion Compatible Sensor for Non-Invasive Optical Blood Analysis | |
| SE8200011L (en) | DEVICE AND SET FOR SEATING SAMPLING PRESSURE | |
| CN111956235B (en) | Calibration method of reflection type blood oxygen probe or measuring device | |
| Uwadaira et al. | Noninvasive blood glucose measurement | |
| Hertzman et al. | Relations between cutaneous blood flow and blood content in the finger pad, forearm, and forehead | |
| JPH022325Y2 (en) | ||
| JP2006212095A (en) | Photoelectric sensor and blood pressure measuring apparatus | |
| EP1558134B1 (en) | Detecting medical conditions with noninvasive body probes | |
| JPH0321208Y2 (en) | ||
| Hocherman et al. | Correlation between blood volume and opacity changes in the finger. | |
| Neufeld et al. | Skin blood flow from gas transport: helium xenon and laser Doppler compared |