JPH0222165Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] B. Purpose of the invention E-1 Industrial application fields The present invention relates to a tool holding chuck.

E-2 Conventional technology Conventionally, as a chuck attached to a machine tool,
For example, there is one shown in FIG. This one screws the rear part of the screw 2 onto the drive shaft 1,
The claw 3 is engaged and held at the tip of the screw 2, and the claw 3 is
is provided so as to be movable back and forth along the inner circumferential tapered surface of the sleeve 4, and by holding the ring 5 fixed to the drive shaft 1 with the left hand and rotating the sleeve 4 with the right hand in the counterclockwise direction B in FIG. 10B. , the screw 2 is moved back through the guide 6 and the pawl 3 to open the pawl 3, and in this state a drill or the like is held in the pawl, and then the sleeve 4 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 10B to open the pawl. 3 is closed and the drill etc. is tightened.

A-3 Problems to be solved by the present invention In the conventional structure described above, by rotating the sleeve 4 clockwise as described above, the claw 3
is closed to tighten the drill etc., so when the drive shaft 1 is rotated counterclockwise and used,
Cutting resistance is generated in the drill, etc., and torque is generated to rotate the claw 3 clockwise, and the same effect as when the sleeve 4 is manually rotated clockwise moves the screw 2 forward and closes the claw 3. Demonstrates even more tightening force. However, in recent years, electric drills that can rotate in both forward and reverse directions have come into widespread use for tasks such as tightening and loosening screws. When the above-mentioned conventional chuck is used in such an electric drill, when the chuck is used in the reverse clockwise direction, a counterclockwise torque is generated on the pawl 3 and the screw 2 is rotated. It will be moved backward and the claw 3 will open. For this reason, this conventional structure is
Cannot be used with electric drills that operate in forward or reverse rotation.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a tool holding chuck that prevents the screw from reversing when the screw is reversed and enables use in both forward and reverse rotations.

B. Structure of the invention B-1. Means for solving the problem In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention has a structure in which the pawl 16 is closed by the reverse rotation of the sleeve 11 when the drive shaft 7 rotates in the normal direction. In this, a ring 20 is fitted on the drive shaft 7 side, the rear end surface 11a of the sleeve 11 is opposed to the front end surface 20a of the ring 20, and the rear end surface 11a of the sleeve 11 has an engagement having an inclined bottom surface. A groove 24 is formed, and a rolling element 25 is interposed between the engagement groove 24 and the front end surface 20a of the ring 20, and the bottom surface of the engagement groove 24 is formed such that the side in the normal rotation direction of the sleeve 11 is deeper. Further, the ring 20 has a front end surface 2 that is slightly inclined with respect to the circumferential direction of the ring 20 and is slightly inclined with respect to the circumferential direction.
A long hole 21 is formed to separate from the sleeve 11, and a pin 23 is fixed to the drive shaft 7 through the long hole 21. By rotating the ring 20, the ring 20 is moved against the rear end surface 11a of the sleeve 11. The device is characterized in that it is movable in the approaching and separating directions.

Row 2 Action: Rotate the ring 20 in the reverse direction to remove the sleeve 1.
When the drive shaft 7 is rotated in the forward direction to perform cutting or other work, torque in the reverse direction is applied to the sleeve 11, but this rotation of the sleeve 11 in the reverse direction Since it is in the closing direction, the claw 16 does not open. Further, when the drive shaft 7 is rotated in the reverse direction to perform cutting or other work, torque is applied to the sleeve 11 in the forward rotation direction.
The sleeve 11 is moved toward the shallower side of the engagement groove 24 formed in the sleeve 1 to act as a wedge, thereby preventing the sleeve 11 from rotating in the normal rotation direction. Therefore, even if the claw 16 is configured to open by rotating the sleeve 11 in the forward direction, the claw 16 is prevented from opening.

To release the wedge action by the rolling elements 25, the ring 20 is rotated in the positive rotation direction B, and the front end surface 20a of the ring 20 moves away from the rear end surface of the sleeve 11, thereby releasing the wedge action.

RO-3 Embodiment Next, embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 will be described.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a drive shaft, which has a female thread 8 carved on its inner surface at its tip, and three pin holes 9 formed at its rear outer periphery as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 10 denotes a male screw having the outer shape shown in FIG. 4, the rear part of which is screwed into the tip of the drive shaft 7, and the direction of this screw is in the direction of arrow A in FIG. By rotating in this direction, it is pushed forward, which is the right direction in FIG.

A sleeve 11 is rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the tip of the drive shaft 7, and as shown in FIG. 5, three axial guide grooves 12 are formed in the circumferential direction, and a tapered inner surface of the tip A surface 13 is formed. 14
6 is a guide interposed between the screw 10 and the sleeve 11, and as shown in FIG. They are mated. 16
are three claws that are slidably fitted to the front end of the sleeve 11, and their tapered surfaces are formed along the tapered surface 13 of the sleeve 11, and as shown in FIG. A locking portion 17 is formed, and the locking portion 17 is locked in a locking hole 18 formed at the tip of the screw 10. Further, the claw 16 fits into the groove 19 of the guide 14. In such a structure, by rotating the sleeve 11 in the counterclockwise direction indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 2, the screw 10 is rotated in the same direction via the guide 14 and each claw 16, so that By moving to the left and retracting each claw 16 to open it, a tool such as a drill can be fitted, and by rotating the sleeve 11 counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the above, each claw 16 is moved forward and closed. This allows the tool to be tightened and held.

Next, the reverse rotation prevention mechanism will be explained.

A ring 20 as shown in FIG. 8 is fitted to the rear outer periphery of the drive shaft 7, and a long hole 21 is formed in the ring 20 as shown in FIG.
and the pin hole 9 formed in the drive shaft 7, and the pin 23 is firmly planted in the pin hole 9 through the elongated hole 21. The elongated holes 21 are formed to have the same diameter as the pin 23 in the axial direction of the ring 20, and to be longer than the diameter of the pin 23 in the circumferential direction of the ring 20. The ring is formed so as to be slightly inclined with respect to the line so that it moves away from the front end surface 20a toward the normal rotation direction, and by rotating clockwise in FIG. 20 is the sleeve 11
Move to the right direction C, and counterclockwise B,
That is, by rotating in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 9, the ring 20 is moved to the left (D), which is the opposite direction to the sleeve 11. As shown in FIG. 5, the rear end surface 11a of the sleeve 11 has three engagement grooves 2 in the circumferential direction for preventing reverse rotation.
4 is formed, and a rolling element 25 made of a ball or a roller pin is rotatably interposed between the engagement groove 24 and the front end surface 20a of the ring 20.
Further, the bottom surface of the engagement groove 24 is connected to the sleeve 11.
In FIG. 9, which is the clockwise direction A of FIG. The bottom surface of the engagement groove 24 is set such that the distance between the bottom surface and the front surface of the ring 20 is shorter than the diameter of the rolling element 25, and the distance between the deeper bottom surface and the front surface of the ring 20 is longer than the diameter of the rolling element 25. The inclination angle is set. Reference numeral 26 denotes an operating ring for rotating the sleeve 11, which is adhesively fixed to the sleeve 11. 27 is an operating ring for rotating the ring 20;
It is glued and fixed to 0.

As described above, when the operating ring 27 is manually rotated clockwise, that is, in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Ring 2 by action
0 moves in the direction C of the sleeve 11. As a result, the front end surface 20a of the ring 20 comes into close contact with the rolling elements 25, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 9. In this state, when the sleeve 11 is rotated clockwise A, that is, in the direction of arrow A in FIG.
Since the rolling element 25 moves deeper into the engagement groove 24, the sleeve 11 can be rotated in the clockwise direction. Rotate the sleeve 11 counterclockwise, i.e.
When rotated in the direction of arrow B in the figure, the rolling element 2
5 moves toward the shallower side of the engagement groove 24, the rolling element 25 is press-fitted between the sleeve 11 and the ring 20 like a wedge, and the sleeve 11 is integrally fixed to the ring 20. Therefore, when performing cutting work by rotating the drive shaft 7 in the counterclockwise direction, i.e., in the direction B in FIG. 9, the cutting resistance causes the sleeve 11 to rotate clockwise. Torque is applied to rotate A, but since this rotational direction A is the direction in which the sleeve 11 tightens the pawl 16, the sleeve 11 does not loosen, and cutting can be performed without any problems in the same way as conventional forward rotation cutting. Also,
When performing cutting work by rotating the drive shaft 7 in the reverse rotation direction, ie, in the direction A in FIG. 9, the sleeve 1 is
1, a torque is applied to rotate the sleeve 11 in the counterclockwise direction B. Due to the counterclockwise movement of the sleeve 11, the rolling elements 25 act as a wedge as described above, and the sleeve 11 is fixed to the ring 20. is increased, and the sleeve 11 is prevented from rotating counterclockwise relative to the ring 20. Therefore, backward rotation of the screw 10 is prevented and the claw 1
6 is prevented from opening.

Next, when attaching and detaching the tool, when the ring 20 is rotated counterclockwise, the elongated hole 21 and pin 2
3, the ring 20 moves in the opposite direction to the sleeve 11. Therefore, a large gap is created between the front end surface 20a of the ring 20 and the rolling elements 25, and the wedge action by the rolling elements 25 is canceled.
The sleeve 11 can be freely rotated in both clockwise direction (a) and counterclockwise direction (b), allowing attachment and detachment of tools.

C. Effect of the invention As described above, according to the chuck of the present invention, the claws do not open even when the drive shaft rotates in the forward and reverse directions, so the invention can be used for drills that can be used in both forward and reverse directions, such as electric drills. This has the advantage that the claws will not open when used in forward and reverse directions, allowing the work to be carried out smoothly.

Further, the wedge action by the rolling elements 25 can be easily released by simply rotating the ring 20, making the operation easy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention;
3A is a side view of the drive shaft, B is a rear view of the same, FIG. 4A is a side view of the screw, B is a front view of the same, FIG. 5A is a side view of the sleeve, B is a rear view of the same, FIG. 6A is a side view of the guide, B is a front view, FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the claw, FIG. 8A is a side view of the ring, B is a front view, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the guide. FIG. 10A is a side sectional view of the conventional structure, and FIG. 10B is a front view thereof. 7... Drive shaft, 11... Sleeve, 11a...
Rear end surface, 16...claw, 20...ring, 20a...
...Front end surface, 21... Long hole, 23... Pin, 24...
...Engagement groove, 25...Rolling element.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In the device in which the claw 16 is closed by the reverse rotation of the sleeve 11 when the drive shaft 7 rotates in the normal direction, a ring 20 is fitted on the drive shaft 7 side, and the rear end surface 11a of the sleeve 11 is connected to the front end of the ring 20. Side 2
0a, the rear end surface 11a of the sleeve 11
is formed with an engagement groove 24 having an inclined bottom surface,
A rolling element 25 is interposed between the engagement groove 24 and the front end surface 20a of the ring 20, and the bottom surface of the engagement groove 24 is formed so that the side in the normal rotation direction of the sleeve 11 is deeper, and the ring 20 is provided with an elongated hole 21 that is slightly inclined with respect to the circumferential direction line and is formed so as to be farther away from the front end surface 20a toward the normal rotation direction.
A tool holding chuck characterized in that the ring 20 is movable toward and away from the rear end surface 11a of the sleeve 11 by rotating the ring 20.