JPH02221129A - Production of glass - Google Patents

Production of glass

Info

Publication number
JPH02221129A
JPH02221129A JP3942789A JP3942789A JPH02221129A JP H02221129 A JPH02221129 A JP H02221129A JP 3942789 A JP3942789 A JP 3942789A JP 3942789 A JP3942789 A JP 3942789A JP H02221129 A JPH02221129 A JP H02221129A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
molten glass
tank
glass
evacuated
platinum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP3942789A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2817168B2 (en
Inventor
Shinji Takeshita
信治 竹下
Shinsuke Nakajima
伸介 中嶋
Chikao Tanaka
千禾夫 田中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGC Inc
Original Assignee
Asahi Glass Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Glass Co Ltd filed Critical Asahi Glass Co Ltd
Priority to JP1039427A priority Critical patent/JP2817168B2/en
Publication of JPH02221129A publication Critical patent/JPH02221129A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2817168B2 publication Critical patent/JP2817168B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/225Refining
    • C03B5/2252Refining under reduced pressure, e.g. with vacuum refiners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/20Bridges, shoes, throats, or other devices for withholding dirt, foam, or batch
    • C03B5/205Mechanical means for skimming or scraping the melt surface

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent infiltration of bubbles into molten glass and to simplify an equipment and process controlling by clarifying molten glass while it is brought into contact with a member made of platinum or platinum rhodium in a method for molding molten glass after it has been clarified at the reduced pressure. CONSTITUTION:Molten glass 1 is introduced into a tank 3 of the atmospheric pressure from the left part and thereafter introduced into an evacuated tank 5 via an ascending pipe 4 communicated with the evacuated tank 5 in an evacuated chamber 2. A metallic tank 6 is provided to the inner surface of the evacuated tank 5 and both the metallic tank 6 and the ascending pipe 4 are constituted of e.g. Pt/5-20% Rh alloy. Molten glass is brought into contact with only the above-mentioned alloy in the evacuated chamber 2. This molten glass is regulated to the target temp. by a heater 7 and deaerated. Thereafter molten glass is introduced into a tank 11 held at the atmospheric pressure via a descending pipe 10. This descending pipe 10 is constituted of the same alloy as the ascending pipe 4.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明はガラスの製造法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing glass.

[従来の技術] 従来、耐火物、グラファイト、アルミ化合物でガラス接
触面を構成することは特開昭62−23522号公報、
米国特許筒3,519,412号により提案されている
。気孔率をもつ耐火物及びセラミックスは減圧下におい
て泡の発生源となり新たな泡がガラス素地中に侵入して
くるという課題がある。
[Prior Art] Conventionally, forming a glass contact surface with a refractory, graphite, or an aluminum compound is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-23522,
It is proposed by US Pat. No. 3,519,412. Refractories and ceramics that have porosity become a source of bubbles under reduced pressure, causing new bubbles to enter the glass matrix.

また、減圧下において溶融ガラスへの熱供給する方法と
してモリブデン電極を使用した提案が米国特許筒3,5
19,412号、同第3.429,684号になされて
いるが、モリブデンは酸素の存在下で酸化物を形成し昇
華する。その為、雰囲気から酸素を遮断する方法がとら
れており、維持管理が大変であるという課題がある。
In addition, a proposal using a molybdenum electrode as a method of supplying heat to molten glass under reduced pressure was proposed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3 and 5.
No. 19,412 and No. 3,429,684, molybdenum forms an oxide and sublimes in the presence of oxygen. For this reason, methods are used to block oxygen from the atmosphere, which poses the problem of difficult maintenance.

[発明が解決しようとする課題] 本発明は従来技術が有していた上記課題を解消し、溶融
ガラス中に新たな泡が侵入したり、酸素を遮断する必要
がなく維持管理の容易なガラスの製造法の提供を目的と
する。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems that the prior art had, and provides a glass that is easy to maintain and manage without introducing new bubbles into the molten glass or blocking oxygen. The purpose is to provide a manufacturing method for.

[課題を解決するための手段] 本発明は減圧下で溶融ガラスの清澄を行ない、清澄した
溶融ガラスを所定形状に成形するガラスの製造法におい
て、溶融ガラスを白金又は白金ロジューム合金で構成し
た部材に接触させつつ清澄することを特徴とするガラス
の製造法を提供するものである。
[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a glass manufacturing method in which molten glass is refined under reduced pressure and the clarified molten glass is formed into a predetermined shape, and a member in which the molten glass is made of platinum or a platinum rhodium alloy. The present invention provides a method for producing glass, which is characterized by fining the glass while bringing it into contact with the glass.

本発明において使用されるガラスの組成としてはNat
O−CaO−SiOm系ガラス、Btus−3ift系
ガラスを初め広範囲のものが使用される。中でもTVの
パネルガラス等清澄が行い難くかつ高度に清澄された品
質の要求されるものが特に適している。
The composition of the glass used in the present invention is Nat.
A wide range of materials can be used, including O-CaO-SiOm glass and Btus-3ift glass. Among these, glass that is difficult to clear and requires highly refined quality, such as TV panel glass, is particularly suitable.

本発明においてはガラスとの接触面の構成部材として白
金又は白金−ロジウム合金を使用するものであり、部材
からくる泡を完全に抑制するものである。中でも白金−
ロジウム合金が好ましく、ロジウム5〜20%含有する
白金−ロジウム合金が特に望ましい、その理由はロジウ
ムを含有することにより、部材の機械的強度を向上する
ことができるためである。ロジウム5〜20%含有する
白金−ロジウム合金が好ましいのはロジウム含有量が5
%未満では強度の向上が充分ではなく、20%を越える
とガラスへの着色を生ずる恐れがあるためである。以下
本発明の実施例を図面に従って説明する。
In the present invention, platinum or a platinum-rhodium alloy is used as a constituent member of the contact surface with glass, and bubbles coming from the member are completely suppressed. Among them, platinum
Rhodium alloys are preferred, and platinum-rhodium alloys containing 5 to 20% rhodium are particularly desirable, because containing rhodium can improve the mechanical strength of the member. A platinum-rhodium alloy containing 5 to 20% rhodium is preferable because the rhodium content is 5%.
This is because if it is less than 20%, the strength will not be improved sufficiently, and if it exceeds 20%, the glass may be colored. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第1図は本発明の方法を実施例するための装置の断面図
である。図において2は減圧室、4は上昇管、5は減圧
槽、10は下降管である。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an apparatus for implementing the method of the invention. In the figure, 2 is a decompression chamber, 4 is an ascending pipe, 5 is a depressurizing tank, and 10 is a descending pipe.

図のように溶融ガラス1は左方より減圧室2の下方の大
気圧の槽3に流入する。槽3は上昇管4により減圧室2
内の減圧槽5に連通しており、槽3内の溶融ガラスは上
昇管を介して減圧槽に流入する。減圧槽の内面には金属
槽6が設けてあり、この金属槽及び上昇管はロジウム5
〜20%含有する白金−ロジウム合金で構成されており
、減圧室内においては溶融ガラスはかかる合金とのみ接
触する。7はヒータでありSt(: 、 MoSiなど
で構成され減圧槽内の溶融ガラスを目標とする温度に調
整する。その外周面及び上昇管の外周面には部材8が設
けてあり、更にその外周面はケース9で覆われている。
As shown in the figure, molten glass 1 flows from the left into a tank 3 at atmospheric pressure below a decompression chamber 2. The tank 3 is connected to the decompression chamber 2 by the riser pipe 4.
The molten glass in the tank 3 flows into the reduced pressure tank via the riser pipe. A metal tank 6 is provided on the inner surface of the decompression tank, and this metal tank and riser pipe are made of rhodium 5.
It is composed of a platinum-rhodium alloy containing ~20%, and the molten glass contacts only such alloy in the vacuum chamber. 7 is a heater, which is made of St(:, MoSi, etc.) and adjusts the temperature of the molten glass in the decompression tank to a target temperature.A member 8 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the heater and on the outer circumferential surface of the riser pipe; The surface is covered with case 9.

減圧槽内の圧力はl/20〜l/3気圧に保持するのが
効率的脱泡を行なうために好ましい。また、減圧槽内に
おける溶融ガラスの粘度は10”〜10”ボイスその滞
留時間は15〜90分間が好ましい。
For efficient defoaming, it is preferable to maintain the pressure in the vacuum tank at 1/20 to 1/3 atm. The viscosity of the molten glass in the vacuum tank is preferably 10'' to 10'', and the residence time thereof is preferably 15 to 90 minutes.

lOは下降管であり脱泡された溶融ガラスは該下降管を
介して大気圧下に保持された槽11に流入し、次いで図
面には省略されたが成形温度に調整した後、成形される
1O is a downcomer, and the defoamed molten glass flows through the downcomer into a tank 11 maintained at atmospheric pressure, and then, although not shown in the drawing, is molded after being adjusted to the molding temperature. .

この下降管も上昇管と同様ロジウム5〜20%含有する
白金−ロジウム合金で構成されている。
Like the riser, this downcomer is made of a platinum-rhodium alloy containing 5 to 20% rhodium.

なお、図面には省略したが上昇管及び下降管も外部電源
に接続され、それ自体、電気抵抗ヒーターと作用しそこ
を通過する溶融ガラスを加熱できるようになっている。
Although not shown in the drawings, the rising pipe and the descending pipe are also connected to an external power source, and act as electric resistance heaters to heat the molten glass passing through them.

また、ケーシング9と上昇管4及びケーシング9と下降
管lOとのシール位置は両管の座屈を防ぐためできるだ
け下方が好ましい。
Further, the sealing positions between the casing 9 and the rising pipe 4 and between the casing 9 and the downcomer pipe 1O are preferably as low as possible to prevent buckling of both pipes.

[発明の効果] 本発明によれば減圧脱泡した瀉融ガラスへ接触により新
に生成した気泡が侵入する恐れがなく、また、モリブデ
ンの如く昇華する恐れがないので、設備工程管理が大巾
に簡略される。
[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, there is no risk of newly generated air bubbles entering the molten glass that has been degassed under reduced pressure, and there is no risk of sublimation unlike molybdenum, so equipment process management is greatly improved. It is simplified to

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明を実施するための装置の断面図である。 1・・・溶融ガラス 2・・・減圧室 4・・・上昇管 5・・・減圧槽 lO・・・下降管 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for carrying out the invention. 1...molten glass 2...Decompression chamber 4...Rising pipe 5...Reducing pressure tank lO...downcomer pipe

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、減圧下で溶融ガラスの清澄を行ない、清澄した溶融
ガラスを所定形状に成形するガラスの製造法において、
溶融ガラスを白金又は白金ロジウム合金で構成した部材
に接触させつつ清澄することを特徴とするガラスの製造 法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for producing glass in which molten glass is clarified under reduced pressure and the clarified molten glass is formed into a predetermined shape,
A method for producing glass, which comprises refining molten glass while bringing it into contact with a member made of platinum or a platinum-rhodium alloy.
JP1039427A 1989-02-21 1989-02-21 Glass fining equipment Expired - Lifetime JP2817168B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1039427A JP2817168B2 (en) 1989-02-21 1989-02-21 Glass fining equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1039427A JP2817168B2 (en) 1989-02-21 1989-02-21 Glass fining equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02221129A true JPH02221129A (en) 1990-09-04
JP2817168B2 JP2817168B2 (en) 1998-10-27

Family

ID=12552698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1039427A Expired - Lifetime JP2817168B2 (en) 1989-02-21 1989-02-21 Glass fining equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2817168B2 (en)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0759524A1 (en) 1995-08-21 1997-02-26 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Pipe with external insulation for feeding a molten substance at high temperature
EP0775671A1 (en) 1995-11-21 1997-05-28 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Method and apparatus for refining molten glass under reduced pressure
WO1998018731A2 (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-05-07 Corning Incorporated Method of forming glasses
EP0908417A3 (en) * 1997-10-06 1999-06-02 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
EP0939058A1 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-01 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Method and apparatus for heating up a device for refining molten glass under reduced pressure
EP0967179A1 (en) 1998-06-24 1999-12-29 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Apparatus for refining molten glass under reduced pressure and method of its construction
US6308534B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2001-10-30 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
US6318126B1 (en) 1998-06-26 2001-11-20 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing method for molten glass
US6321572B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2001-11-27 Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
WO2002036509A1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2002-05-10 Schott Glas Method and device for refining a glass melt using negative pressure
US6405564B1 (en) * 1997-10-06 2002-06-18 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
DE10327201A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2005-01-20 Schott Ag Process for refining a glass melt in a low pressure refining chamber comprises heating the refining bank in the chamber above the glass melt by a gas burner, and removing the waste gases from the chamber
JP2007022862A (en) * 2005-07-19 2007-02-01 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Method for energization heating of vacuum degassing tank in vacuum degassing device, method for energization heating of vacuum degassing device, and vacuum degassing device
WO2008026606A1 (en) 2006-08-29 2008-03-06 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Molten glass conduit structure and vacuum deaerator utilizing the same
US7377132B2 (en) 2002-12-27 2008-05-27 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Conduit for molten glass, molten glass degassing method and molten glass degassing apparatus
US7454925B2 (en) 2005-12-29 2008-11-25 Corning Incorporated Method of forming a glass melt
WO2009125750A1 (en) 2008-04-07 2009-10-15 旭硝子株式会社 Molten glass production apparatus and molten glass production method using same
CZ301550B6 (en) * 1999-04-13 2010-04-14 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Vacuum degassing method for molten glass flow
WO2010104036A1 (en) 2009-03-09 2010-09-16 日東紡績株式会社 Glass-melting device for producing glass fiber and method for producing glass fiber using same
WO2012017963A1 (en) 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 旭硝子株式会社 Molten glass duct structure, vacuum defoaming device provided therewith, vacuum defoaming method of molten glass, and glass product manufacturing method
US8689586B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2014-04-08 Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. Glass-melting device for producing glass fiber and method for producing glass fiber
CN106865956A (en) * 2017-03-21 2017-06-20 东旭科技集团有限公司 For the clarifier and glass furnace of glass melts

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4872909B2 (en) * 2005-03-08 2012-02-08 旭硝子株式会社 Hermetic joining method of reinforced platinum hollow tube and platinum flange

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5851258A (en) * 1995-08-21 1998-12-22 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Backup structure for a pipe for feeding a molten substance of high temperature
EP0759524A1 (en) 1995-08-21 1997-02-26 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Pipe with external insulation for feeding a molten substance at high temperature
EP0775671A1 (en) 1995-11-21 1997-05-28 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Method and apparatus for refining molten glass under reduced pressure
US5849058A (en) * 1995-11-21 1998-12-15 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Refining method for molten glass and an apparatus for refining molten glass
WO1998018731A2 (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-05-07 Corning Incorporated Method of forming glasses
US5785726A (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-07-28 Corning Incorporated Method of reducing bubbles at the vessel/glass interface in a glass manufacturing system
WO1998018731A3 (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-07-30 Corning Inc Method of forming glasses
EP1439148A3 (en) * 1997-10-06 2004-10-06 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Apparatus for degassing molten glass under reduced pressure
EP0908417A3 (en) * 1997-10-06 1999-06-02 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
US6405564B1 (en) * 1997-10-06 2002-06-18 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
US6119484A (en) * 1997-10-06 2000-09-19 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
EP1078891A3 (en) * 1997-10-06 2001-03-14 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Parallel arrangement of a vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
EP0939058A1 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-01 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Method and apparatus for heating up a device for refining molten glass under reduced pressure
US6202445B1 (en) 1998-02-27 2001-03-20 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass and method to rise vacuum degassing apparatus temperature
US6321572B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2001-11-27 Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
US6308534B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2001-10-30 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass
EP0967179A1 (en) 1998-06-24 1999-12-29 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Apparatus for refining molten glass under reduced pressure and method of its construction
US6334336B1 (en) 1998-06-24 2002-01-01 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass and method for building it
US6318126B1 (en) 1998-06-26 2001-11-20 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Vacuum degassing method for molten glass
CZ301550B6 (en) * 1999-04-13 2010-04-14 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Vacuum degassing method for molten glass flow
US7231788B2 (en) 2000-11-06 2007-06-19 Schott Ag Method and device for refining a glass melt using negative pressure
WO2002036509A1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2002-05-10 Schott Glas Method and device for refining a glass melt using negative pressure
US7377132B2 (en) 2002-12-27 2008-05-27 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Conduit for molten glass, molten glass degassing method and molten glass degassing apparatus
DE10327201A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2005-01-20 Schott Ag Process for refining a glass melt in a low pressure refining chamber comprises heating the refining bank in the chamber above the glass melt by a gas burner, and removing the waste gases from the chamber
DE10327201B4 (en) * 2003-06-17 2005-12-08 Schott Ag Method and apparatus for refining a glass melt in a vacuum refining chamber
JP2007022862A (en) * 2005-07-19 2007-02-01 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Method for energization heating of vacuum degassing tank in vacuum degassing device, method for energization heating of vacuum degassing device, and vacuum degassing device
US7454925B2 (en) 2005-12-29 2008-11-25 Corning Incorporated Method of forming a glass melt
US8136373B2 (en) 2006-08-29 2012-03-20 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Conduit structure for molten glass and vacuum degassing apparatus using the conduit structure
WO2008026606A1 (en) 2006-08-29 2008-03-06 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Molten glass conduit structure and vacuum deaerator utilizing the same
WO2009125750A1 (en) 2008-04-07 2009-10-15 旭硝子株式会社 Molten glass production apparatus and molten glass production method using same
RU2477258C2 (en) * 2008-04-07 2013-03-10 Асахи Гласс Компани, Лимитед Device for making glass bath and method of making said bath exploiting said device
WO2010104036A1 (en) 2009-03-09 2010-09-16 日東紡績株式会社 Glass-melting device for producing glass fiber and method for producing glass fiber using same
US8689588B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2014-04-08 Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. Glass-melting device for producing glass fiber and method for producing glass fiber using same
US8689586B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2014-04-08 Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. Glass-melting device for producing glass fiber and method for producing glass fiber
WO2012017963A1 (en) 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 旭硝子株式会社 Molten glass duct structure, vacuum defoaming device provided therewith, vacuum defoaming method of molten glass, and glass product manufacturing method
US9073772B2 (en) 2010-08-04 2015-07-07 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Conduit structure for molten glass, vacuum degassing apparatus, vacuum degassing method for molten glass and process for producing glass products employing said conduit structure
CN106865956A (en) * 2017-03-21 2017-06-20 东旭科技集团有限公司 For the clarifier and glass furnace of glass melts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2817168B2 (en) 1998-10-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JPH02221129A (en) Production of glass
US3717450A (en) Furnace for manufacture of striationfree quartz tubing
JP4339003B2 (en) Method for producing quartz glass crucible
US3853520A (en) Method for making hollow cylinders of vitreous silica by vacuum heating
EP0474158B1 (en) Silica glass powder and a method for its production and a silica glass body product made thereof
US3989091A (en) Method for electroslag remelting of titanium or its alloys and a device for effecting same
US3912488A (en) Electric furnace outlet
KR20020021996A (en) Gold-free platinum material dispersion-strengthened by small, finely dispersed particles of base metal oxide
US3659029A (en) Electrical high-temperature melting furnace
US3883340A (en) Glass melting method
DE112011101802B4 (en) Process for the preparation of a quartz glass crucible with a transparent inner layer of synthetically produced quartz glass
JPS62212234A (en) Production of glass
US3997313A (en) Method for making oxide glasses
JP2619928B2 (en) Glass-metal sealing method
JP2006124235A (en) Quartz glass crucible, method of manufacturing the same and application thereof
EP3173384B1 (en) Glass melt production device and glass melt production method
JPH05262512A (en) Purification of silicon
US3353585A (en) Method for controlling the cooling of cast metal
JPH0339425A (en) Method and device for reducing oxidation of reactive element in electroslag remelting operation
JP4513605B2 (en) Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten glass, method for clarifying molten glass using the vacuum degassing apparatus, and glass manufacturing apparatus elements
JP2002121030A (en) Method of suppressing oxygen bubble formation to glass melt, device for implementing this method and application of glass manufactured by this method ! method of manufacturing glass gob, method of manufacturing glass formed parts and apparatus for manufacturing glass gob
US3287769A (en) Vacuum melting and casting apparatus
US2446062A (en) Manufacture of thorium
JPS60231421A (en) Manufacture and apparatus for quartz glass
RU2799670C1 (en) Method of melting glass in skull crucibles

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20070821

Year of fee payment: 9

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080821

Year of fee payment: 10

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080821

Year of fee payment: 10

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090821

Year of fee payment: 11

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term
FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090821

Year of fee payment: 11