JPH02202344A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the manufacture of an apparatus by making the axis of a coil corresponding to a movable element, in which a plurality of pairs of magnets forming a pair of unlike poles axially are arranged circumferentially so that poles of adjacent magnets alternately become unlike poles, equal to the array direction of magnetic poles. CONSTITUTION:To form a permanent body 1, a plurality (four in the drawing) of magnet pairs 3 reversing in the pole axially are bonded to a rotor core 5 fastened to a rotating shaft 6 so that polarities are alternately inverted in the circumferential direction. A permanent magnet 4 is magnetized in the direction of thickness. A coil 9 is wound round a bobbin 14 and a plurality (six in the drawing) of said coils are provided in the circumferential direction to form a coil body 2. The core 10 of said coil 9 is divided into core pieces 12, 13 and inserted into said bobbin 14 after the coil 9 has been wound thereon. Said permanent magnet body 1 and coil body 2 face each other via a gap 8. Thus, it is possible to improve the winding density of said coil 9 easily and to manufacture a small-sized but high output motor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a brushless type motor.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional examples are shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. That is, this motor has four magnetic poles N5S that alternately differ in the circumferential direction.
A permanent magnet body 80 having a pole configuration serves as a mover or a rotor, and a radial direction gap 81 is provided.
Coil body 8 formed by winding a coil 83 around balls 82
It is a three-phase radial gap type motor with numeral 4 serving as a stator.

85 is a rotor core, 86 is a shaft, 87 is a Hall element, 88
is the lead wire.

EnhN, S of the permanent magnet body 80 of this motor and the coil 8
The relationship with 3 is as shown in Figure 10. The symbol "×" in the circle indicates the direction of the magnetic flux toward the back side of the paper, the symbol "." in the circle indicates the direction of the magnetic flux toward the front side of the paper, Xl is the iron core length, and X2 is the coil end.

This motor detects the rotational position of the permanent magnet 80, that is, the rotor, using the Hall element 87, and magnetizes the coil 83 in response to the rotor position to obtain the rotational torque of the motor.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, this motor has the disadvantage that the coil 83 is wound around the ball 82, making it difficult to wind the wire, and that it is difficult to obtain high output because the S wire cannot be formed with high density. Further, since the coil 83 is excited with respect to the flow of magnetic flux Φ as shown in FIG. 11, mutual induction occurs between each phase, so it is not easy to control j2I. Furthermore, it is necessary to form the stator according to various rotor diameters, and the iron core of the stator cannot be applied to a linear motor or the like.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily form S-wires with high density and to reduce mutual induction. The objective is to provide a motor that can be shared.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the motor of the present invention, one of a permanent magnet body and a coil body is used as a movable element, and the other is used as a stator, and the permanent magnet body has a pair of mutually different magnetic poles arranged in the same direction, and a plurality of sets of the pair of magnetic poles. are arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the pair of magnetic poles, and the coil body is made up of a plurality of coils arranged in parallel so that the coil axis is in the same direction as the arrangement direction of the pair of magnetic poles, The present invention is characterized in that the plurality of coils are arranged with gaps between them with respect to the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet body.

[Effect]

According to the configuration of the present invention, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet flows between the pair of magnetic poles through the gap and the opposing coils via the gap, forming a closed loop perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable element.

Propulsive force is obtained in the movable element by exciting a coil in accordance with the positional relationship between the movable element and the stator with respect to this magnetic flux. In this case, since the coil has a coil axis in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the mover, it is easier to create a structure that makes it easier to wind the coil than in the conventional example, and it is possible to wind the coil at a high density. Therefore, the motor constant is large and high output is possible. Further, since no magnetic flux flows between the coils, the influence of mutual induction is extremely small, and therefore control becomes easy. Furthermore, in a radial gap type motor, the coil axis is in the thrust direction, so even if the coil diameter is different, the shape of the core of the coil can be kept the same and the number of layers can be increased or decreased.
In addition, for axial gear type motors, it is possible to use the same coil core even if the rotor diameter is large.
It is possible to share the coil part of rotary and linear motors.

〔Example〕

A first embodiment of the second invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 4. That is, this motor is a radial gap type motor in which the permanent magnet body 1 serves as a rotor serving as a mover, and the coil body 2 serves as a stator serving as a stator.

The permanent magnet body 1 has a pair of magnetic poles N and S having different poles arranged side by side (axial direction) with the direction (radial direction) of the magnetic pole faces 3 being the same, and the pair of magnetic poles 1JiN.

A plurality of pairs of magnetic poles S are arranged in parallel in a direction (circumferential direction) perpendicular to the direction in which the pair of magnetic poles N and S are arranged. That is, in the embodiment, on the circumferential magnetic pole surface, the magnetic poles N, S are N, S, ! in the thrust direction. : Magnetized and circumferentially N, S, N, S
It is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets 4 so as to be magnetized to form four magnets. Each permanent magnet 4 has an arc shape and is magnetized in the thickness direction. These permanent magnets 4 are fixed to a rotor core 5 with an adhesive, and the rotor core 5 is fixed to a shaft 6. Further, in order to provide strength against the centrifugal force of the permanent magnet 4, magnet fixing rings 7 are attached to both ends of the permanent magnet 4 in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. Note that the rotor core 5 serves as a yoke for mechanically holding the permanent magnets 4 and obtaining magnetic flux.

The coil body 2 is formed by arranging a plurality of coils 9 in parallel so that the coil axis is in the same direction as the alignment direction of the pair of magnetic poles NS, and the plurality of coils 9 are connected to the magnetic poles N of the permanent magnet body l.
, S via a gear 8. That is, the coils 9 are wound around the iron cores 10 of six coils 9, which serve as the stator magnetic core, so that the coil axes are aligned in the thrust direction.
are arranged on the circumference and fixed by simultaneous molding to a bottomed cylindrical case 11 made of molded resin. The iron core 10 uses a laminated iron core, and is formed by engaging two divided iron core pieces 12 and 13 as shown in FIG. 3 to facilitate winding. Further, the coil 9 is wound around a coil frame 14, and the coil frame 14 is inserted into the iron core 10 to form a stator block.

In addition, bearings 16 are provided at the bottom of the case 11 and at the bearing stand 15 that closes the opening of the case 11.
A rotor shaft 6 is rotatably supported at 6.

As shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic flux Φ emitted from the magnetic pole N on the gap 8 side in the radial direction of the permanent magnet 4 of the rotor passes through the gap 8, passes through the iron core 11 in the thrust direction, passes through the gap 8 again, and is attached to the permanent magnet 4. From the magnetic pole S to the rotor core 5 via the magnetic pole N
form a closed loop passing through. That is, the magnetic flux Φ passes through each of the six iron cores 11 individually, and the magnetic flux passing between the iron cores 11 is extremely small and can be ignored in practice.

Then, the position of the rotor is detected by the Hall element 17, and the coil 9 is excited so that a propulsive force is generated in the circumferential direction. That is, FIG. 4 shows a drive circuit for the coil 9, which operates a control circuit (not shown) using the output signal of the Hall element 17 to control the point and time when the transistors Trl-Tr6 are turned on. This control is the same as in the conventional example and is well known, so a description thereof will be omitted. E is a power source.

According to this embodiment, since the coil 9 has a coil axis in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable element, it is easier to wind the coil 9 in a structure that is easier to wind than in the conventional example, and moreover, the coil 9 can be wound with high density at t1'. Since it becomes possible to increase the motor speed by a, the motor constant becomes large and high output becomes possible.

Further, since no magnetic flux flows between the coils 9, the influence of mutual induction is greatly reduced, and therefore control becomes easier. Furthermore, in a radial gap type motor, the coil axis is in the thrust direction, so even if the coil diameters are different, the shape of the core of the coils can be kept the same and the number of laminated coils can be increased or decreased.

In addition, in this embodiment, since the coil block, which has been pre-wound on the coil frame 14, is inserted into the iron core 11 and assembled, the winding work is extremely easy, the winding can be done with high density, and even higher torque can be achieved. Contribute to

A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
In other words, this motor is an embodiment of a linear motor whose operating direction is a straight line, and the circumference in the rotation direction of the first embodiment is developed into a straight line! (Iff. In other words, the pair of magnetic poles N and S of the permanent magnet body 1 that becomes the mover
The plurality of coils 9 of the coil body 2 are arranged in parallel to the permanent magnet body 1, with the coil axes parallel to the direction in which the magnets iN and S are arranged. However, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet 4 is formed into a flat plate shape, and both sides of the permanent magnet 4 are used as magnetic pole faces 3, and a pair of coil bodies 2 are configured to face each KIFi face 3, but the permanent magnet body as a whole is 1 has two poles, whereas the coil body 2 has three poles. 17
are guide receivers fixed on both sides of the permanent magnet 4, and 1
8 is a guide, and 19 is a sliding body. The operating principle of this motor is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a propulsive force is obtained by exciting the coil 9 in response to the position of the movable element. Although the magnetic poles N and S of the permanent magnet 4 are magnetized in the thickness direction, the symbols N and S are written diagonally in the figure for convenience of description.

According to this embodiment, in addition to obtaining the same effects as the first embodiment, there is an advantage that the coil 9 and iron core 10 of the first embodiment can be shared.

In addition, in the second embodiment, the magnetic pole faces 3 are formed on both sides of the permanent magnet 4, and the pair of coil bodies 2 are opposed to the pole faces 3, but the coil bodies 2 may be provided on only one side. , an iron core may be provided on the side of the permanent magnet 4 opposite to the coil body 2.

A third embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. In other words, this motor is a surface-facing type, that is, an axial gap type rotary motor, and the shaft 6 of the first embodiment is the center, and one bearing 16 is used as the base of the umbrella rib to maintain the umbrella in the open state. Since they are similar, common parts are given the same reference numerals. That is, the pair of tiIN and S of the permanent magnet body 1 and the coil axes of the coil 9 are oriented in the radial direction, the plurality of sets of magnetic poles N and S and the plurality of coils 9 are arranged radially, the operating direction is the rotation direction, and the gap 8 is the thrust direction.

The operating principle is similar to the first embodiment. Although the magnetic poles N and S of the permanent magnet 4 are magnetized in the thickness direction, the symbols N and S are written diagonally in the figure for convenience of description.

This embodiment also has the same effect as the first embodiment, and also has the same effect as the first embodiment.
The coil 9 and iron core 10 of the embodiment can be shared, and even if the rotor diameter becomes larger, the same coil 9 and iron core 10 can be used.
Furthermore, in the motor of the first embodiment, when the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet body 1 is 2n, the number of coils 9 of the coil body 2 is 3.
It may be nXm (m is 1, 2...), but
This invention is not limited to this.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the permanent magnet body 1 is used as the movable element and the coil body 2 is used as the stator, but in the case of a motor that reciprocates within a certain range, the coil body 2 may be used as the movable element.

In the above embodiment, the position of the movable element is magnetically detected by the Hall element 17, but other magnetic sensing elements or other position sensing elements other than magnetic may be used. If it is known, control can be performed without a position sensing element.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the motor of the present invention, since the coil has the coil axis in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable element, it is easier to wind the coil in a structure that is easier to wind than in the conventional example, and the coil can be wound with high density. This makes it possible to increase the motor constant and achieve high output.

Further, since no magnetic flux flows between the coils, the influence of mutual induction is extremely small, and therefore control becomes easy. Furthermore, in a radial gap type motor, the coil axis is in the thrust direction, so even if the coil diameter is different, the shape of the core of the coil can be made the same and the number of layers can be increased or decreased, and axial gears can be used.

In the case of a rotary type motor, it is possible to use the same coil core even if the rotor diameter is large, and there is an effect that the coil portion of rotary type and linear type motors can be shared.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line nn, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram explaining the flow of magnetic flux, and Fig. 4 is a coil drive circuit. 5 is a sectional view of the second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line Vl-Vl, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the third embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the conventional example. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the cross section between the lines ■■, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the coil and the magnetic pole, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the flow of magnetic flux. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Permanent magnet body, 2... Coil body, 3... Magnetic pole surface, 8... Gear knob, 9... Coil, N, S...
Magnetic Pole Figure 4 Figure 3 Figure 10 Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] One of the permanent magnet body and the coil body is used as a mover, and the other is used as a stator, and the permanent magnet body has a pair of magnetic poles with different poles arranged in the same direction, and a plurality of sets of the pair of magnetic poles. The coil body has a plurality of coils arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the pair of magnetic poles are arranged, and the coil body has a plurality of coils arranged in parallel so that the coil axis is in the same direction as the direction in which the pair of magnetic poles are arranged. A motor characterized in that a plurality of coils are arranged with gaps between them with respect to the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet body.