JPH02200950A - Fixing method of waterproof layer protection presser gravel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To fasten together gravels in a gravel layer by forming the gravel layer on the upper surface of a waterproof layer, laying a sheet consisting of asphalt material on the gravel layer and heating and melting the sheet so as to force it permeate the gravels. CONSTITUTION:A waterproof layer 2 is formed by sticking a waterproof sheet made of asphalt material on the upper surface of a concrete plate 1. Then, on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 2, a gravel layer 4 is formed with gravels 3 and an asphalt sheet 6 is heated with a burner 7 on the gravel layer 4 and after asphalt material 5 is melted and forced to permeate the gravels 3, it is cooled down. Then, two or three protection presser gravel layers are provided on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 2. Consequently, there is no influence of rainfall during the time of construction and it is possible to apply construction work even when the temperature is below zero Centigrade.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for fixing protective gravel placed on the top surface of a waterproof layer to protect the waterproof layer applied to the roof of a building or the like.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a method to protect a waterproof layer made of waterproof material such as asphalt or rubberized asphalt applied to the roof of a building from aging caused by direct sunlight, rainwater, etc., and damage caused by external forces, A method is known in which a layer of large-diameter gravel is spread over the top of the waterproof layer to a thickness equal to or thicker than that of the lid.

However, in the case of the above method, gravel is simply spread on the top surface of the waterproof layer, so there is a risk that the gravel will be blown away by typhoons, etc., so the gravel to be spread needs to be large, with a diameter of 25 m or more, and the gravel is spread all over. If the area is large, there are problems such as having to install partition plates every 3 meters square to prevent the gravel from being piled up.

Therefore, gravel with a diameter of 25 am or less is spread over the top of the waterproof layer to form a gravel layer about 30 m thick, and asphalt emulsion or synthetic resin emulsion is sprinkled on the gravel layer, and the water in the emulsion is evaporated and solidified. A method of at least fixing gravel to each other, a method of using an asphalt emulsion or a synthetic resin emulsion to which a slow-acting coagulant is added in the above method, or a method of pre-coating gravel with a diameter of 25 m or less and an asphalt emulsion on the upper surface of the waterproof layer. Gravel material uniformly mixed with synthetic resin Emma At') was placed in a layer about 30 m thick,
A method of rapidly decomposing and coagulating the emulsion by spraying a decomposing agent such as an aqueous calcium chloride solution thereon has been used.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, among the above methods, in the case of the method of spraying an asphalt emulsion or a synthetic resin emulsion, it takes a considerable amount of time for the water in the emulsion to evaporate and solidify, resulting in poor workability. Not only is this bad, but if it rains before the water evaporates and solidifies, the applied emulsion will be more likely to be washed away, and when it is washed away, the adhesion between the gravels will be weakened, and it will be difficult to pour the emulsion over the gravel. Since the emulsion is sprayed, the amount of spraying is not equal, resulting in uneven adhesion between the gravels.Furthermore, the emulsion freezes when the temperature drops below 0°C, making it unusable. . In addition, in the case of a method using an emulsion in which a slow-acting coagulant is added to the emulsion to be sprinkled on the gravel layer, the emulsion gradually thickens, so
When the emulsion is sprayed, it becomes difficult to penetrate between the gravel, making it impossible to penetrate evenly to the interface between the waterproof layer and the gravel layer. In addition, in the case of placing a mixed gravel material of gravel and emulsion, the decomposition agent is sprayed after the mixed gravel material is placed on the top surface of the waterproof layer, so the decomposition of the emulsion starts from the surface of the gravel material layer. Since it is difficult for the decomposing agent to penetrate evenly to the lower layer of the gravel material layer, there are problems such as the inability to form a uniform protective layer on the waterproof layer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve such problems and provide a method for easily and reliably fixing gravel in a protective gravel layer formed on the upper surface of a waterproof layer.

(Means for Solving the Problems) As a result of intensive study on a method of fixing gravel in a waterproof layer protective layer to achieve the above object, the present inventors discovered that instead of spraying an emulsion on the gravel layer and solidifying it, the gravel layer was fixed. It was discovered that by placing an asphalt sheet on the top surface and heating and melting it, the gravel could be made to adhere to each other.

The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and includes:
The method of fixing gravel in the waterproof layer protective layer of the present invention involves forming a gravel layer on the upper surface of the waterproof layer using gravel with a grain size of 5 to 15 mm, placing a sheet of asphalt material on the gravel layer, and then The sheet is heated and eluted to infiltrate the asphalt material between the gravel in the gravel layer, thereby making the gravel in the gravel layer stick to each other.

In addition, in order to obtain a gravel layer of a predetermined thickness, a new gravel layer is formed using gravel with a particle size of 5 to 15 m on the top surface of the gravel layer where gravel is fixed with asphalt material, and on top of the gravel layer, asphalt material is applied. After placing the sheet, the sheet is heated and melted to infiltrate the asphalt material between the gravels in the newly formed gravel layer, thereby fixing the gravel in the newly formed gravel layer and both gravel layers to each other. You may let them.

The thickness of the gravel layer is 1, considering that the asphalt material placed on the gravel layer should evenly penetrate between the gravel in the gravel layer.
It should be around 15mm per turn.

Examples of the gravel used in the present invention include gravel collected from rivers, crushed stone gravel obtained by coarsely crushing raw stones such as andesite, and the like. In addition, the reason why the diameter of the gravel is set to 5 to 15 as is because if the diameter of the gravel is smaller than 5 am, the total surface area of the entire gravel increases, which not only requires a large amount of asphalt material to be used (but also by heating the asphalt material, It is uneconomical because it requires a large amount of thermal energy to melt and permeate between the gravels and reach the interface between the waterproof layer and the gravel layer.Also, if the gravel diameter is larger than 151 mm, the thickness of the gravel layer will be reduced. 15■
This is because it is unsuitable for forming at the same level as the peng.

Asphalt materials placed on the gravel layer include straight asphalt, mixed asphalt, asphalt compound made by adding a filler to straight asphalt or mixed asphalt, modified asphalt, and modified asphalt compound made by adding filler to modified asphalt. Can be mentioned.

The straight asphalt is generally 60~
80.80~100 Straight Asphalt (Month SK
2207) is used.

In addition, mixed asphalt is generally 60 to 80
．． Asphalt is used in which about 5 to 100 parts by weight of 10 to 20.20 to 30 blown asphalt (according to SK 2207) is mixed with 100 mm parts of 80 to 100 straight asphalt.

In addition, as modified asphalt, it is generally 100~!
2 [1, 120-150 straight asphalt (JI
S K 2207), liquid polybutadiene rubber that is compatible with the straight asphalt, low molecular weight liquid rubber such as liquid chloroprene rubber, synthetic rubber such as thermoplastic rubber such as styrene-butadiene Φ styrene rubber, etc. Synthetic resins such as atactic polypropylene resins, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer resins, ethylene/ethyl acrylate copolymer resins, etc., which are compatible with straight asphalt, are used alone, or 2FIi or higher, 5% for the ioomm portion of the straight asphalt. Use asphalt to which about 20 mm parts are added and mixed.

Further, as an asphalt compound, generally the above-mentioned straight asphalt, mixed asphalt, or modified asphalt is added with one or more inorganic fillers such as talc, silica sand, and calcium carbonate, and the asphalt 10
Asphalt is used in which 5 to 30 parts by weight are added to 0 fflffk parts.

As for the asphalt sheet, the asphalt material may be formed into a sheet according to the conventional method, and the thickness of the sheet depends on the size of the gravel forming the gravel layer and the asphalt content aQ in the m1 asphalt material. The thickness may be selected as appropriate, and is generally about 1.5 to 2.5 mm. In addition, if the asphalt material sheet is laminated with release paper on both sides in advance, the sheets will not stick to each other during storage or transportation, and when on-site construction, just peel off the M-pattern paper. It can be easily placed on a gravel layer.

Specific examples of the asphalt materials are shown in Table 1.

Incidentally, in order to investigate the same condition of gravel produced by each of the asphalt materials illustrated in Table 1, the following experiment was conducted.

A 15 mm thick gravel layer was formed by spreading gravel of No. 6 crushed stone (grain size 5 to 13 dragon crushed stone) while compacting it with a trowel in an iron formwork of size 100 x 100 x 15 mm.
Next, after placing an asphalt sheet of each asphalt material shown in Table 1 on the top of the gravel layer, the size of 100 x 100 m, and the thickness of 2 meters,
-Heat the asphalt material with a propane gas burner to a temperature of 290℃! The molten asphalt material was allowed to penetrate between the gravel and allowed to cool naturally.

Each of the sand III layers through which the asphalt material thus obtained had penetrated was destroyed, and the adhesion state of the gravel was examined. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 O: Firmly fixed As is clear from Table 1, each asphalt material was required to firmly fix gravel from the upper side of the gravel layer to the lower ωI.

(Example) Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.

The drawings are explanatory diagrams showing the process of providing a protective gravel layer on the upper surface of a waterproof layer according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention.

Example 1 A waterproof layer 2 was formed by asphalting a waterproof sheet made of rubberized asphalt material and having a thickness of 4 mm on the upper surface of a concrete plate 1 having a size of 1 meter square. Next, waterproof layer 2
Gravel 3 of crushed stone No. 6 (crushed stone with particle size 5 to 13 m5) on the top surface
A gravel layer 4 having a thickness of 151I11 was formed by spreading the gravel while pressing it with a trowel. Next, 60~8o on the top surface of gravel layer 4.
Straight asphalt (JIS K 2207) 44
After placing the asphalt sheet 6 of 1 meter square and 2 mm thick consisting of the asphalt sheet 6
was heated to a temperature of 290'C with a propane gas burner 7 to melt the asphalt material 5, and the molten asphalt material 5 was infiltrated between the gravels 3, and then allowed to cool naturally. Next, although not particularly shown, on the top surface of the gravel layer 4 to which the gravel 3 was fixed, the crushed gravel No. 6 is again spread to form a new gravel layer with a thickness of 15 mm, and a new gravel layer 4 is placed on the top surface of the gravel layer. After the asphalt sheet is placed, the asphalt sheet is heated and melted with a propane gas burner, and the molten asphalt material is infiltrated into the gravel 181 of the newly formed gravel layer, and then naturally cooled and applied to the upper surface of the waterproof layer. Thickness 3f) + m (
A protective holding gravel layer (2 layers of gravel with a thickness of 15 mm) was provided.

Example 2 The asphalt sheet 6 placed on the top surface of the gravel layer has a thickness of 1
．． 5- Garden's 60-80 Straight Asphalt 50mf
f1 part and 10-20 blown asphalt ("ISK
2207) Example 1 except that the mixed asphalt sheet consisted of 5Offim parts and the gravel layer was applied three times.
A protective gravel layer with a thickness of 45 + + + s (3 layers of gravel with a thickness of 15 i + m) was provided on the upper surface of the waterproof layer in the same manner as above.

Example 3 The asphalt sheet 6 placed on the top surface of the gravel layer has a thickness of 2
An asphalt sheet with a thickness of 3° (3°) on the upper surface of the waterproof layer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 30 parts of talc was added to 7 parts of 5-layer 80-8o straight asphalt and mixed. (2 layers of gravel 15mm thick)
A protective gravel layer was provided.

When each of the protective gravel layers of Examples 1 to 3 was demolished and observed, it was found that the gravel in each gravel layer was firmly fixed to each other by the asphalt material from the upper side to the lower side.

(9! Bright effect! A) In this way, according to the present invention, asphalt material is applied on top of the gravel layer with a thickness of about 15 cm consisting of gravel with a grain size of 5 to 15 mm formed on the upper surface of the waterproof layer. The sheet was heated and melted, and the asphalt material was infiltrated between the gravels in the gravel layer to fix the gravel with the asphalt material, so that the protective gravel formed on the top surface of the waterproof layer Because it can be easily and reliably fixed, it will not be affected by rainfall during construction, and it can be installed even under adverse conditions with temperatures below 0°C, providing protection to the top surface of the waterproof layer. It has the effect of improving the workability of the pressing gravel layer.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are explanatory diagrams showing the process of providing a protective gravel layer on the upper surface of a waterproof layer according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention. 1... Concrete plate 2... Waterproof layer 3... Gravel 4... Gravel layer 5... Asphalt material (melted sheet) 6.
・・Sheet

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gravel layer is formed on the upper surface of the waterproof layer using gravel with a grain size of 5 to 15 mm, and a sheet made of asphalt material is placed on the gravel layer, and then the sheet is heated and melted. A method for fixing gravel for protecting a waterproof layer, which is characterized by infiltrating asphalt material between the gravels in a gravel layer and fixing the gravels in the gravel layer to each other. 2. Form a new gravel layer with gravel with a grain size of 5 to 15 mm on the top surface of the gravel layer where gravel is fixed with asphalt material, place a sheet made of asphalt material on the gravel layer, and then Claim 1, characterized in that the asphalt material is heated and melted to infiltrate between the gravels of the newly formed gravel layer, thereby fixing the gravel of the newly formed gravel layer and both gravel layers to each other. The method for fixing the waterproof layer protection gravel described. 3. The method of fixing gravel for protecting a waterproof layer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gravel layer is formed to have a thickness of about 15 mm.