JPH02200311A - Wire drawing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve cooling capacity and to increase a wire drawing speed by installing a cooling capstan provided with rollers for winding a metallic wire in order to cool the wire before entering dies in multiple stages between a drawing capstan and a turn roller capstan. CONSTITUTION:The supplied metallic wire 5 passes the 1st die 4a and is drawn by the drawing roller 1a of the drawing cone capstan 1. The wire passes the 2nd die 4b in succession and is drawn by the drawing roller 1b. The wire passes the final die 4j similarly and the metallic wire 5 drawn by the drawing roller 1j is further drawn by the next dies and the drawing rollers via a turn roller or is coiled. The drawing cone capstan 1 is successively increased in the diameter of the drawing rollers. The reduction of area of the respective dies is slightly larger than the diameter increasing rate of the drawing capstan 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is a continuous cold drawing process of metal wires such as piano wire, stainless steel wire, titanium wire, galvanized steel wire, and plastic wire using a die. The present invention relates to a wire drawing machine for obtaining thin metal wires.

(Prior art and problems to be solved) When drawing thin wires (1,0 or less) such as piano wires and stainless steel wires, a smear type lubricant is used to create surface gloss and reduce roughness. In addition, a slip-type cone capstan is used to downsize the wire drawing machine.

Generally, the metal wire generates heat during die processing, for example, 20
% area reduction rate of die drawing increases the line temperature by about 100°C. For this reason, in a continuous wire drawing machine, if the powder is not cooled from the exit of the die to the entrance of the next die, the wire temperature will increase as the metal wire is continuously processed through the dice. When the wire temperature rises, age hardening of the metal wire progresses and the metal wire becomes brittle, and when the wire temperature exceeds 200°C, the toughness decreases. Wire breakage increases, and the twisting and bending values of the Viano wire decrease.

However, the above-mentioned conventional wire drawing machine does not have a mechanism to specifically increase the cooling capacity, so the wire temperature during drawing can be reduced by 2.
There was a problem in that the wire drawing speed could not be increased in order to keep the temperature below 00°C, resulting in poor productivity.

Its features include a cooling capstan equipped with multiple stages of winding rollers to cool the metal wire wound around the drawing roller before it passes through the next turn roller and enters the die. This is because it is installed between the stan and the turn roller capstan.

FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the wire drawing machine of the present invention. Metal wire (5)
The path of After rolling the turn, move on to the next die.

FIG. 2 is a typical structural diagram of the above-mentioned cooling capstan (10). The one shown in FIG. 3(a) has a one-piece structure and is inexpensive, and if each groove is free to rotate about the shaft, the metal wire can be wound several times, resulting in good cooling efficiency. In addition, in FIG. 3B, the individual rollers are free to rotate with respect to the shaft, and the metal wire is wound several times, resulting in good cooling efficiency.

The cooling capstan (10) described above may be placed in a hot lubricating liquid or in air outside the liquid. If the cooling capstan (10) is placed during wet lubrication, the cooling capstan (10) is cooled by the lubricating liquid. If the cooling capstan (10) is placed in the air outside of the liquid, it is better to forcibly cool the cooling capstan (■θ) with water or air. good.

(effect) Figure 3 shows a structural diagram of a typical wet wire drawing machine.

In the drawing, (1) is a metal wire (5) passing through each die.
A plurality of pulling rollers (ia) to (1-j
) is integrated on the same axis as a drive cone capstan, (
2) is a non-driven turn roller capstan equipped with multiple turn rollers (2a) for guiding the metal wire wound around the drawing roller to the next die; (3) is a die stand;
4) is a plurality of dies arranged in parallel for drawing the metal wire (5), (6) is a wet lubricant tank containing lubricant, and ()) is a motor for driving the cone capstan (1). be.

The metal wire (5) supplied from the upper left of the figure is inserted into the first die (
4-a) and is pulled out by the drawing roller (1-a) of the drawing cone capstan (1). Subsequently, it passes through the second die (4-b) and is drawn out by a drawing roller (x-b,). In the same way, pass the final die (4-j).
The metal wire (5) drawn by the drawing roller (1-J) further passes through a turn roller and is drawn or wound by the next die and drawing roller.

In the drawing cone capstan (1), the diameter of the drawing roller gradually increases from 1-31 to 1-31 lb to 1G--H. If its diameter is mu a---AJ, then 1
00%, and about 10 to 15% is typical. The metal wire (5) is sequentially passed from the die (4-a) to the die (4-b)-
It is pulled out by 1-(4-j), but the metal at the entrance and exit of each die! The diameter of (5) is Do and 011% Da and Db, Db & Da----Di
and DJ, the area reduction rate for each die is Da (1-(-)") x 100% -----D.

(1-(-)") x 100% J, but this area reduction rate must be slightly larger than the diameter increase rate (1G-15%) of the drawn capstan (1).

Therefore, the speed of the drawing roller of the drawing cone capstan (1) is always faster than the speed of the metal wire (5) wound thereon, and the metal wire (5) is rotated on the drawing cone capstan (1). is constantly slipping. Metal wire (5)
is usually wrapped 1.5 or 2.5 times around the drawing roller of the drawing cone capstan (1). If the number of turns is small, the drawing force of the die cannot be obtained, and if the number of turns is too large, it will not be possible to slip, and in either case, the metal wire (5) will break.

The turn roller capstan (2) is non-driven and has no role in pulling out the metal wire (5) from the die (4), and its main purpose is to pull out the metal wire (5) at a perpendicular angle to the die (4). In most cases, it is a guide roller for supplying
It has the same shape as the drawn cone capstan (1).

When the metal wire (5) is drawn by the first die (4-a), it generates heat, and before it is drawn by the next die (4-b), the drawing roller ( 1-a
), the part in contact with the turn roller capstan (2), and the part that is cooled while running in the lubricant. Next, the wire is drawn with a die (4-b) to generate heat.
cooled down. This wire drawing and cooling are repeated.

Experiments were conducted to investigate heat generation and cooling during wire drawing. Table 1 shows the die pass schedule for wire drawing, and Table 2 shows the relationship between wire drawing speed and wire temperature. The wire drawing sample material was a 1.0 m1 high carbon steel wire.

Table 1 Table 2 During the wire drawing test, the pump-type lubricant tank (shown in Figure 3) was used.
The lubricant in Step 8) was emptied, and the wire was drawn while spraying the Nada lubricant onto the cone capstans (1), (2) and the die (4) like a shower, and the temperature of the steel wire was measured.

As shown in Table 2, the wire temperature of the steel wire increases as the wire drawing speed increases, and the wire drawing speed is 8001.
At 7 minutes, the line temperature reached 200°C or more at the exit of the final die, indicating that the cooling capacity was insufficient.

Next, Table 3 shows the mechanical properties of the steel wires of Experiments 1.2 and 3.

As can be seen from the results of Experiment 1.2.3 in Table 3, as the wire drawing speed is increased, the tensile strength increases and the torsion value decreases. That is, in conventional wire drawing machines, if the wire drawing speed is increased, the quality of the steel wire deteriorates due to insufficient cooling capacity.

However, as shown in Figure 1, the steel wire is cut into the die (4)→
Pulled cone capstan (1) Pass cooling capstan (
In the wire drawing machine of the present invention, in which the cooling capstan (10) is arranged so as to pass through the path of 10)→turn roller (2)→next die, the cooling capacity of the steel wire is improved, and Experiment 4.5
The results shown are obtained.

That is, as can be seen from Table 2, even if the wire temperature is low and the wire drawing speed is increased from 800 m/min to 800 m/min, the maximum wire temperature is 171'C, and if the wire temperature is below 200°C,
It is known that the toughness of the steel wire does not decrease, and it is still possible to increase the wire drawing speed.

Furthermore, as can be seen from Table 3, in Experiment 4.5, no increase in tensile strength or decrease in torsion value was observed, and the midline speed could be increased.

Being able to increase the wire drawing speed in this way has a great effect on productivity.

In addition, Fig. 3 describes a cross-type wire drawing machine that uses one drawn cone capstan and has 10 dies, but the machine shown in Fig. Of course, it can also be applied to hot type wire drawing machines.

In particular, the plastic-plated steel wire, which is used as a steel cord for reinforcing tires, has a wire diameter of 0.25 mm and a tensile strength of 320 k.

7112 or higher is used, and the wire drawing requires 2
A cross-type wire drawing machine using zero dies is used. Five of these plastic-plated steel wires are twisted together in the next step, but there are many wire breaks during this wire-twisting process, and as a countermeasure to this, the wire drawing speed in the hot wire drawing machine is currently lowered. However, by using the wire drawing machine of the present invention, wire breakage during the wire twisting process was significantly reduced without reducing the wire drawing speed.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the wire drawing machine of the present invention, the cooling capacity is improved, the wire drawing speed can be increased, and the productivity is improved.

In particular, in the case of plastic-plated steel wires for tire reinforcing steel cords, it is possible to significantly reduce wire breakage during the wire-twisting process without reducing the wire drawing speed, and this has an extremely large industrial effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of the wire drawing machine of the present invention, and Figure 2 (a)
and (0) are typical structural diagrams of a cooling capstan. Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a typical cross-over line machine. 1... Pull-out cone capstan, 2... Turn roller cone capstan, 3... Die holder is stand, 4...
...Dice, 5...Metal wire, 6...Mixed lubricant tank, 7...Motor. S 2 Diagram (a) (mouth)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of dies for drawing metal wires are arranged in parallel, and a cone-shaped drawing capstan is installed behind the dies, with a plurality of drawing rollers integrated on the same axis for drawing the metal wire through each of the dies. In a wire drawing machine in which a turn roller capstan is arranged in front of the die and is equipped with turn rollers in multiple stages for guiding the metal wire wound around the drawing roller to the next die, the metal wire wound around the drawing roller is A cooling capstan equipped with multiple rollers to cool the metal wire before it passes through the next turn roller and enters the die is drawn out and installed between the turn roller capstan and the turn roller capstan. wire drawing machine.