JPH02199427A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02199427A JPH02199427A JP2013389A JP2013389A JPH02199427A JP H02199427 A JPH02199427 A JP H02199427A JP 2013389 A JP2013389 A JP 2013389A JP 2013389 A JP2013389 A JP 2013389A JP H02199427 A JPH02199427 A JP H02199427A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- spacers
- crystal display
- adhesive bodies
- display device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
- G02F1/13394—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers regularly patterned on the cell subtrate, e.g. walls, pillars
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は大面積、高精細の液晶表示装置のうち、液晶表
示装置のギャップを制御するスペーサの構造に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the structure of a spacer for controlling the gap of a liquid crystal display in a large-area, high-definition liquid crystal display.
[従来の技術]
近年、液晶表示装置の技術開発に多大な力が注がれ、C
RTに匹敵するような画面サイズ、解像度、画質の液晶
表示装置が実現できるようになった。しかし、この液晶
表示装置が工業的に効率よく生産されるためには、まだ
いくつかの課題が残されている。そのひとつとしてギャ
ップ制御の課題がある。液晶表示装置のギャップむらは
表示品質に大きな影響を及ぼす。例えばTN型液晶表示
装置の場合、ギャップが不均一になるとリタデションの
効果によって画面の一部が変色したり、コントラストが
低下するなどの表示品質の低下を招く。この効果はST
N型などのようにツイスト角度が大きい液晶表示装置は
ど顕著になる。また画面サイズが大きいほどギャップの
均一化が難しく、高精細になるほどギャップのむらによ
るコントラストの低下がいちじるしくなる。[Prior art] In recent years, a great deal of effort has been devoted to the technological development of liquid crystal display devices, and C.
It has become possible to realize a liquid crystal display device with screen size, resolution, and image quality comparable to RT. However, there are still some issues to be solved before this liquid crystal display device can be produced industrially and efficiently. One of these is the issue of gap control. Gap unevenness in liquid crystal display devices has a large effect on display quality. For example, in the case of a TN-type liquid crystal display device, if the gap becomes non-uniform, a portion of the screen may become discolored due to the effect of retardation, and display quality may deteriorate, such as a reduction in contrast. This effect is ST
This is particularly noticeable in liquid crystal display devices with a large twist angle, such as N-type. Furthermore, the larger the screen size, the more difficult it is to make the gaps uniform, and the higher the resolution, the more noticeable the reduction in contrast due to uneven gaps becomes.
ところで、従来の液晶表示装置のギャップ制御技術は、
第3図に示すように2枚の平面基板の中間にグラスファ
イバやミクロバールから成るスぺサを散布し、また平面
基板の周辺をスペーサの混入したシール剤で接着固定す
ることにより、液晶層の厚みをコントルロールしていた
。By the way, the gap control technology of conventional liquid crystal display devices is
As shown in Figure 3, spacers made of glass fiber or microbar are spread between two flat substrates, and the periphery of the flat substrates is adhesively fixed with a sealant containing spacers to form a liquid crystal layer. The thickness was controlled.
[発明が解決しようとする課題]
しかし、前述の従来技術の場合、次に列記するような重
要な問題点を有している。すなわち、(1)平面基板の
周辺部のみにシール剤を形成して接着するため、平面基
板の熱膨張率の相異により、平面基板の中央部でギャッ
プの膨らみが生し、液晶を封入した後において、周辺部
と中央部でギャツのむらが生している。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned prior art has important problems as listed below. In other words, (1) because the sealant is formed only on the periphery of the flat substrate for bonding, a gap bulges in the center of the flat substrate due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the flat substrate, making it difficult to seal the liquid crystal. Later, unevenness of gatsu appears on the periphery and center.
(2)前述の中央部の膨らみ部分のスペーサが、封入時
の液晶の流動力によって押し流され、部分的にスペーサ
の密度が変化し、その結果、ギャツのむらが生しる。(2) The above-mentioned spacer in the bulge in the center is swept away by the fluidity of the liquid crystal when it is sealed, and the density of the spacer partially changes, resulting in unevenness of the gap.
(3)平面基板の面積を大きくして、大画面の液晶表示
装置を形成する場合、通常存在する平面基板の表面うね
りによってギャップのむらが生じる。(3) When the area of a flat substrate is increased to form a large-screen liquid crystal display device, unevenness in the gap occurs due to the surface waviness of the normally existing flat substrate.
などである。etc.
そこで本発明はこのような従来技術の問題点を解決する
ためのもので、その目的とするところは、大面積の液晶
表示装置においてもギャップの均一性が保たれ、それに
よって表示品質が良く、生産性に優れた液晶表示装置を
提供するところにある。Therefore, the present invention is intended to solve the problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to maintain gap uniformity even in large-area liquid crystal display devices, thereby improving display quality. The purpose is to provide a liquid crystal display device with excellent productivity.
[課題を解決するための手段1
本発明の液晶表示装置は、対向した2枚の平面基板、該
2枚の平面基板の中間に挿入され、2枚の平面基板の内
面を平行に保持するスペーサ、前iiE!2枚の平面基
板の中間に封入された液晶を少なくとも構成要素とする
液晶表示装置において、前記スペーサと前記2枚の平面
基板の少なくも片側の平面基板の内面との接触部に接着
体を有することを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems 1] The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes two planar substrates that face each other, and a spacer that is inserted between the two planar substrates and holds the inner surfaces of the two planar substrates in parallel. , Previous iiiE! In a liquid crystal display device having at least a component of a liquid crystal sealed between two flat substrates, an adhesive is provided at a contact portion between the spacer and an inner surface of at least one of the two flat substrates. It is characterized by
[実 施 例] 本発明を実施例に従い、さらに詳述する。[Example] The present invention will be explained in more detail based on examples.
〈実施例−1〉
第1図は本発明の第1の実施例を説明するためのもので
、TN型単純マトリクス型液晶表示装置の断面概略図で
ある。この液晶表示装置の構造は、透明な平面ガラス基
板101、その表面に形成されたITO薄膜より成るス
トライブ状の横電極102、平面ガラス基板101の露
出した表面と横電極102の表面に形成された液晶配向
膜103、および液晶配向膜の表面に形成されたスペサ
104から成る下側基板と、透明な平面ガラス基板10
5、その表面に形成されたITO薄膜よりなるストライ
プ状の縦電極106、およびこれらの表面に形成された
液晶配向膜107から成る上基板とを貼り合わせ、これ
らの周辺部に形成されたシール剤およびスペーサ104
の先頭部に形成された接着体109て接着固定し、液晶
セルの中に液晶108を封入した構造である。Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a TN simple matrix liquid crystal display device for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention. The structure of this liquid crystal display device includes a transparent flat glass substrate 101, strip-shaped horizontal electrodes 102 made of an ITO thin film formed on the surface thereof, and formed on the exposed surface of the flat glass substrate 101 and the surfaces of the horizontal electrodes 102. a lower substrate consisting of a liquid crystal alignment film 103 and a spacer 104 formed on the surface of the liquid crystal alignment film; and a transparent flat glass substrate 10.
5. A striped vertical electrode 106 made of an ITO thin film formed on its surface and an upper substrate made of a liquid crystal alignment film 107 formed on these surfaces are bonded together, and a sealing agent is formed around these parts. and spacer 104
It has a structure in which a liquid crystal 108 is sealed in a liquid crystal cell by adhesively fixing it with an adhesive body 109 formed at the top of the liquid crystal cell.
下基板に予め形成されている液晶配向膜103、スペー
サ104および接着体109の形成方法について述べる
。まず、液晶配向膜103は横電極102の形成された
平面ガラス基板101の表面にスピンコード法で配向膜
原料JIB−29(日本合成ゴム製)を塗布したのち、
200℃、1時間のキュアを行なって形成する。スペー
サ104は前述の液晶配向膜103の表面にスピンコト
法で感光性ポリイミド原料PI−410(宇部興産製)
を塗布したのち、所定のプリベーク、露光、現像を行な
い、最後に200℃、1時間のキュアを行なって形成す
る。スペーサ104の高さは5.8μmである。また、
接着体109は前述のスペーサ104の先頭部のみにロ
ールコート法で形成する。接着体の材質はエポキシ系熱
硬化型樹脂であり、ロール上での膜厚は1u、m程度で
ある。但し、接着体の材質および膜厚はこれに限定する
必要はなく、例えば光硬化型樹脂を使用しても良く、膜
厚はスペーサの高さ以内であれば良い。A method for forming the liquid crystal alignment film 103, spacers 104, and adhesive body 109 that are previously formed on the lower substrate will be described. First, the liquid crystal alignment film 103 is formed by coating the alignment film raw material JIB-29 (manufactured by Japan Synthetic Rubber) on the surface of the flat glass substrate 101 on which the horizontal electrodes 102 are formed using a spin code method.
It is formed by curing at 200°C for 1 hour. The spacer 104 is made of photosensitive polyimide raw material PI-410 (manufactured by Ube Industries) by spin coating on the surface of the liquid crystal alignment film 103 mentioned above.
After coating, prescribed prebaking, exposure, and development are performed, and finally, curing is performed at 200° C. for 1 hour to form the film. The height of the spacer 104 is 5.8 μm. Also,
The adhesive body 109 is formed only on the top portion of the spacer 104 described above by a roll coating method. The material of the adhesive body is an epoxy thermosetting resin, and the film thickness on the roll is about 1 μm. However, the material and film thickness of the adhesive body need not be limited to these, for example, a photocurable resin may be used, and the film thickness may be within the height of the spacer.
上基板および下基板の貼り合わせ時において、両方の基
板を圧着し、シール剤および接着体を押しつぶしたまま
加熱硬化するため、接着体109は上基板とスペーサの
間から一部が押し出され、第1図に示すようにスペーサ
と上基板の接触部付近において固化する。また、スペー
サは隣接する横電極の中間および隣接する縦電極の中間
に予め配置され、実際に画素となる領域にはほとんど侵
入しておらず、接着体109の形成される領域も接着体
の初期の体積を選べば同様であるため、本発明によって
画素面積の低下などは発生しない。When the upper and lower substrates are bonded together, both substrates are pressure-bonded and the sealant and adhesive are heated and cured while being crushed, so a portion of the adhesive 109 is pushed out from between the upper substrate and the spacer, causing the first As shown in Figure 1, it solidifies near the contact area between the spacer and the upper substrate. In addition, the spacer is pre-arranged between adjacent horizontal electrodes and between adjacent vertical electrodes, and it hardly invades the area that will actually become a pixel, and the area where the adhesive body 109 is formed is also in the initial stage of the adhesive body. Since it is the same if the volume of is selected, the present invention does not cause a decrease in pixel area.
このようにして作製された液晶表示装置は、表示面積が
対角1フインチ、STN型において、ギャップのむらは
58μm±01μmにおさえられ、コントラスト1.1
5と極めて良好であった。これは、各スペーサの部分に
おいて、上基板と下基板がスペーサの高さて決まるギャ
ップを保持したまま接着固定されるため、液晶セルのい
たるところでギャップが均一になっていることを反映す
るものである。The liquid crystal display device manufactured in this way has a display area of 1 inch diagonally, is an STN type, has a gap unevenness of 58 μm±01 μm, and has a contrast of 1.1 μm.
5, which was extremely good. This reflects the fact that at each spacer, the upper and lower substrates are adhesively fixed while maintaining a gap determined by the height of the spacer, so the gap is uniform throughout the liquid crystal cell. .
なお、本実施例はTN型単純マトリクス型液晶表示装置
について述べたが、TN型以外あるいはアクティブマト
リクス型にも当然適用できる。Although this embodiment has been described with respect to a TN type simple matrix type liquid crystal display device, it is of course applicable to a type other than the TN type or an active matrix type.
〈実施例−2〉
第2図は本発明の第2の実施例を説明するためのもので
、コレステリック=ネマチック相変化型あるいはカプセ
ル型などの配向処理を必要としない液晶表示装置の断面
概略図である。透明な平面ガラス基板201の表面に、
ストライプ状の横電極202および透明な接着体203
を形成した下基板と、透明な平面ガラス基板204の表
面にストライプ状の縦電極205および透明な接着体2
06を形成した上基板とを、スペーサ207および液晶
208を挟んで貼り合わせた構造である。<Example-2> Figure 2 is for explaining the second example of the present invention, and is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cholesteric-nematic phase change type or capsule type liquid crystal display device that does not require alignment treatment. It is. On the surface of the transparent flat glass substrate 201,
Striped horizontal electrodes 202 and transparent adhesive 203
a lower substrate formed with a striped vertical electrode 205 and a transparent adhesive 2 on the surface of a transparent flat glass substrate 204.
06 is bonded to the upper substrate with a spacer 207 and a liquid crystal 208 interposed therebetween.
このとき、上下基板の表面に形成された接着体とスペー
サが接着固定され、液晶層の厚み(ギャップ)はスペー
サの大きさに合わせて均一になっている。接着体は、そ
れぞれの上下基板表面に塗布法によって形成され、スペ
ーサを挟んで2枚の基板を圧着した状態で固化したもの
である。At this time, the adhesive bodies formed on the surfaces of the upper and lower substrates and the spacer are adhesively fixed, and the thickness (gap) of the liquid crystal layer is made uniform according to the size of the spacer. The adhesive is formed on the surfaces of the upper and lower substrates by a coating method, and is solidified by pressing the two substrates together with a spacer in between.
この液晶表示装置は、接着体表面をラビング等の配向処
理を行なうことは難しいために、相変化型に向いている
。This liquid crystal display device is suitable for a phase change type because it is difficult to perform alignment treatment such as rubbing on the surface of the adhesive.
[発明の効果] 本発明は次に列記する発明の効果を有する。[Effect of the invention] The present invention has the effects of the invention listed below.
(11大面積の平面基板を用いた液晶表示装置において
も、均一なギャップのものが得られ、表示特性、生産性
に優れた液晶表示装置である。(11) Even in a liquid crystal display device using a large-area flat substrate, a uniform gap can be obtained, and the liquid crystal display device has excellent display characteristics and productivity.
(2)原料の平面基板の多少のうねりがあっても、均一
なギャップが得られるため、安価な原料基板を使って、
高品質な液晶表示装置が得られる。(2) Even if the raw material flat substrate has some waviness, a uniform gap can be obtained, so using an inexpensive raw material substrate,
A high quality liquid crystal display device can be obtained.
(3)熱等によるギャップの均一性の変化が少ない、信
頼性の高い液晶表示装置である。(3) It is a highly reliable liquid crystal display device with little change in gap uniformity due to heat or the like.
第1図は本発明の第1の実施例を説明するためのもので
、液晶表示装置の断面概略図である。
第2図は本発明の第2の実施例を説明するためのもので
、液晶表示装置の断面概略図である。
第3図は従来の液晶表示装置の概略図である。
108 ・
109 ・
201.
202 ・
203.
205 ・
207 ・
208 ・
縦電極
液晶
接着体
平面ガラス基板
横電極
接着体
縦電極
スペーサ
液晶
以上
出願人 セイコーエプソン株式会社
代理人 弁理士 上 柳 雅 誉(化1名)101.1
05・・・平面ガラス基板
102・・・・・・・横電極
103.107・・ 液晶配向膜
104・ ・・・・・スペーサ
第3図FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device for explaining a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional liquid crystal display device. 108 ・ 109 ・ 201. 202 ・203. 205 ・ 207 ・ 208 ・ Vertical electrode liquid crystal adhesive flat glass substrate Horizontal electrode adhesive vertical electrode spacer Liquid crystal Applicant Seiko Epson Corporation Agent Patent attorney Homare Kamiyanagi (1 person) 101.1
05... Flat glass substrate 102... Horizontal electrode 103.107... Liquid crystal alignment film 104... Spacer Fig. 3
Claims (1)
入され、2枚の平面基板の内面を平行に保持するスペー
サ、前記2枚の平面基板の中間に封入された液晶を少な
くとも構成要素とする液晶表示装置において、前記スペ
ーサと前記2枚の平面基板の少なくも片側の平面基板の
内面との接触部に接着体を有することを特徴とする液晶
表示装置。Consists of at least two opposing planar substrates, a spacer inserted between the two planar substrates to hold the inner surfaces of the two planar substrates in parallel, and a liquid crystal sealed in the middle of the two planar substrates. A liquid crystal display device as an element, characterized in that an adhesive is provided at a contact portion between the spacer and an inner surface of at least one of the two planar substrates.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013389A JPH02199427A (en) | 1989-01-30 | 1989-01-30 | Liquid crystal display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013389A JPH02199427A (en) | 1989-01-30 | 1989-01-30 | Liquid crystal display device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH02199427A true JPH02199427A (en) | 1990-08-07 |
Family
ID=12018638
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013389A Pending JPH02199427A (en) | 1989-01-30 | 1989-01-30 | Liquid crystal display device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH02199427A (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-01-30 JP JP2013389A patent/JPH02199427A/en active Pending
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