JPH02197660A - Construction of external wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make construction easy by fixing grounds having a cement system component as the principal component and having protective films on the surfaces of them to a common ground, and fitting burned ceramic facing plates to metal fixtures with elastic claws on the grounds so that they are capable of loading and unloading. CONSTITUTION:Grounds 2 having a cement system component as the principal component and having protective films 3 on the surfaces of them are fixed to a common ground 1, and a plurality of fixtures with elastic claws and having excellent performances such as corrosion resistance and the like are loaded on the grounds 2 in parallel in the horizontal direction. Then, fitting grooves 12 of burned ceramic facing plates 10 are detachably fitted in the fixtures to form an external wall. According to the constitution, water proof efficiency, fire resistance and the like can be promoted.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention involves fixing a base material whose main component is a cement-based component onto a building frame, and fixing a base material made of fired ceramic on the base material using a fixture having elastic claws. This relates to an exterior wall structure in which a decorative panel is removably attached.

[Conventional technology]

In general, external walls made of ceramic are constructed using tiles (small plates, large flat plates), or external walls made of continuous ceramic plates are disclosed in JP-A-60-98054 and JP-A-61-294060. Public bulletin, ■ Utsukai 61
-56438 Publication, and ■Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-26156
There is Publication No. 3, etc.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, this type of structure has various drawbacks in the following points. In other words, method (2) requires an extruded aluminum base plate for the ceramic base, requires a backing material to be interposed between the joints, and has a structure in which almost no elasticity acts when holding the ceramic panel, resulting in high costs. , and it has poor workability, and although it looks like an exterior wall made of ceramic panels, there are actually many parts that do not have ceramic, and it lacks fire retardant properties. In case of ■, caulking appears at the joints and deteriorates in 3 to 4 years, and there is not enough elasticity to hold the panels together. Lacks condensation resistance. ■ requires installing rail-shaped fixtures on the concrete base via anchors and fixing the head of each ceramic panel with rivets, which makes workability difficult, and on top of that, the ceramic panels are attached due to the design. In case of ■, a metal panel is installed on the entire surface of the base, and a ceramic panel is attached with an inverted trapezoidal lip, so it has a structure that is inserted from the side, which makes it difficult to replace if it breaks. The joints were made of caulking material, which caused problems in terms of cost, construction time, and weather resistance.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention provides a mounting tool on a base material whose main component is cement, and which has a protective film on its surface. It has a structure that allows it to be fixed with nails, etc. at appropriate pitches, and to form an outer wall by inserting decorative boards made of fired ceramic boards into these fixtures from the side, diagonally, or directly above, and in the event of damage. The decorative board can be easily replaced, and the external appearance is made of fired ceramic, and the base material is a cement-based board that can be fixed to the frame with nails or screws.
Furthermore, we propose an exterior wall structure that is waterproof, durable, corrosion-resistant, rust-proof, anti-freezing, and capable of forming rare joints.

〔Example〕

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, one Example of the outer wall structure based on this invention is described in detail using drawings. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a typical example of the above-mentioned outer wall structure, and numeral 1 indicates a frame such as a shaped steel or a column, or a base such as a roofing board. The plexus is a base material made of materials whose main component is cement (including ALC board, wood chip cement board, inorganic fiber-containing, fly ash-containing, Alshur board, calcium aluminate, monosulfate, cement containing hydrate and gypsum). A plate body that can be nailed is preferable, and is a plate body provided with a protective film 3 on its surface. Its thickness (height) is about 3 to 50 cm, and its size is 3
00 x 11000a, 600 x 1800m, 90
It consists of an autoclaved culture or a natural culture formed into any size such as 0 x 2400 mm, 1000 x 4000 pus. To explain further, base material -? - As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), grooves 4 are provided on the surface with predetermined pitches P, and fixing tools 13 such as nails, screws, bolts, etc., in which the fittings will be described later. It also functions as a guide to fix it.

Also, the base material? - The connecting portions are joined, joined, butted, etc., and caulking material A is interposed if necessary. In addition, the width VL of the groove 4 is about 20 to 100 cm, and the depth D+ is about 1 to 100 cm.
It is ranked 5th. Of course, the dimensions are not limited to these, and the dimensions can be adapted to suit the fitting tool. Also, is the protective film 3 a base material? - It is useful for improving waterproofness, weather resistance, design at joints, and eliminating frost damage on the surface of surfaces, and its film thickness (including film thickness) is from 10 microns to 1
It is up to the middle position. This material is made of one or more types of paint, synthetic resin film, etc., and is applied to the base plate 1 by spraying or using a roll coater, and then hardened by either baking or drying at room temperature. In addition, when using a film made of synthetic resin, etc., it is attached together with an adhesive. Furthermore, the base material I using glaze as cement also has a substantially fired ceramic appearance. As shown in FIG.
The elastic claw 7 is formed from an elastic claw 7 with elasticity and a mounting hole 8 formed in the bottom part 6, so that the elasticity functions effectively and the decorative board 1O described below is easily mounted. A gap 9 is provided between the holes 7 and 7. Furthermore, the dimensional relationship of the mounting tool is Wg, where the width of the bottom part 6 is Wg, and the dimension between the elastic claws 7 is Ws.
Let s>WI. The material for the fittings is one of stainless steel, aluminum, titanium alloy, clad steel plate, rust-proofed steel plate, high-strength plastic, etc., and is formed by roll forming, press forming, or other methods. 10 is a decorative board with a flat surface as shown in Figure 4;
Alternatively, it is formed from a surface 11 consisting of an embossed pattern (not shown) and a fitting groove 12 that elastically engages with the elastic claw 7, and the dimensions W4 and Ws of the fitting groove 12 are such that Ws<Ws, and Ws
>WI, Ws''=Wm. The decorative board 10 is a fired ceramic type, for example, a flat plate with a thickness of about 3 to lOI, and its size is 300 x 1000, 500 x
It is a plate formed to any size such as 1800 mm, 900 x 2400 mm, etc., and fired at about 700 to 1300°C.

The raw material is mainly frozen soil mixed with potter's stone, feldspar, kaolin, and local clay in appropriate ratios, to which asbestos, glass fiber, whiskers, carbon fiber, etc. are added as necessary. Reference numeral 13 denotes a fixing device, which is made of one type such as a nail, bolt, screw, screw, or the like.

Next, we will briefly explain the construction method. Now as the base l
Using a mold channel, the amount of base material shown in FIG. 2 is fixed in a predetermined position using a fixture 13. At this time, each base material -?
- Apply waterproof structure such as waterproof joint treatment, caulking, and waterproof tape to the joints. Next, the fitting tool is fitted into the groove 4 and fixed with the fixture 13. Next, the fitting groove 12 of the decorative board 10 is inserted into the side surface of the fixture i, and the fixture is installed as shown in FIG. Therefore, for exterior walls, it is sufficient to carry out these steps sequentially from the foundation to the eaves, or from right to left for vertical walls. Further, if necessary, the joints 14 between the decorative boards 10 can be filled with a joint material 15 as shown in FIG. This joint material 15 is made of mortar, caulking material, backing material, or the like. Of course, an unfilled exterior wall will have an unusual appearance.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the outer wall structure according to the present invention, and the base material -? - may be formed as shown in FIGS. 5(a) to 5(e), or the fittings may be formed as shown in FIGS. 6(a) to 6(e). In addition, Fig. 5 (C), (
In d), a convex rib 2a is provided, and a decorative board 1 is installed between the convex ribs 2a.
(e) As shown in the figure, apply waterproof tape B to the base material -? - It is also possible to have a structure in which it is laid at the joint between. In addition, in Fig. 6, (a) to (
The powder is a unitary structure, and (c) to (e) are fixtures l of adjustable structure formed from two parts. The elasticity of the fixture 1 and the pitch of the elastic claws 7 are such that they can support the decorative board IO with the necessary strength, do not come off easily, and are easy to install. FIGS. 7(a) to (j) and FIGS. 8(a) to (f) show other embodiments of the decorative board 10, and in particular, FIG. 7 (with) is a modification of the fitting groove 12, This is a decorative board 10 with an insertion protrusion 12a formed in the center. In this case, the fitting tool needs to have a structure for holding the insertion protrusion 12a, as shown in FIG. 9, for example. In addition, the decorative board 10 has a brick-like surface 11,
Other arbitrary patterns can also be formed. 1 more
0a is a mounting hole. Figures 10(a) to (C) are the base 1
Figure (a) shows a composite board (aluminum kraft paper, synthetic resin foam, raw plywood, gypsum board, sheathing board, etc.) that is integrated between the base l and the base material. Figure (b) shows a structure in which a waterproof sheet (pillow asphalt felt) 2 is interposed between the base 1 and the base material, and (C) shows a structure in which a synthetic resin foam is used as the base 1. It has a structure in which a mouth is provided, and a torso rim that serves as a ventilation layer is interposed on top of the mouth. Furthermore, a coating such as enamel may be formed on the surface of the decorative board IO. Further, the protective film 3 can also be formed by applying it after the base material 1 is completely fixed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the external wall structure according to the present invention, (1) construction is easy because inexpensive and nailable board material is used as the base material. ■The protective film of the base material is waterproof, weather resistant,
It has excellent frost resistance and can form joints with a unique appearance. ■Excellent fireproofing, sound insulation, waterproofing, durability, and frost resistance. ■The outer wall will be made of fired ceramic plates.

■You can create any appearance you want on the exterior wall, such as mosaic, no joints, or plitter style. ■The decorative board is easy to attach and detach, and there is no need to worry about it coming off. ■There is no risk of cracks, deterioration, or discoloration of the joints. ■It can be easily replaced as long as the mounting hardware is replaced and the decorative board has a fitting groove. It has the following characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of the outer wall structure according to the present invention, Figs. 2(a) and (c) are perspective views showing an example of the base material, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a mounting Explanatory diagram showing an example, 4th
The figure is a perspective view showing an example of a decorative board, Figures 5(a) to (e)
is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the base material, FIG. 6(a)
) and FIG. 9 are explanatory diagrams showing an example of the fixture, and FIG.
Figures (a) to (j) and Figures 8 (a) to (f) are explanatory diagrams showing other examples of decorative boards, and Figures 1θ (a) to (C
) is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the structure of the base. ■...Base, -? -... Base material, 3... Protective film,
Engineering: Fixtures, 10: Decorative board. 2 ・ 3 ・ S ・ 10 ・ Base material, protective film, fixtures, decorative laminate drawings Fig. S (d) re) Fig. (e+ Fig. (to) (ii Fig. (A) Fig. W Fig. CJ

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A board with a cement-based component as the main component and a protective film on the surface is fixed to the base material, and a plurality of excellent rust-resistant fixtures with elastic claws are attached to the base material. Individual,
1. An exterior wall structure, characterized in that the exterior wall is formed by attaching a decorative plate made of fired ceramic to the fixture in parallel to the vertical or horizontal direction and easily fitting it in and out.