JPH02195808A - Carrying conveyor apparatus in harvester for onion or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accelerate a carrying conveyor and smoothly and surely operate each carrying tool having a receiver and holder for onions, etc., by operating the carrying tool with an opening regulating and an opening means. CONSTITUTION:A member 62 in an opening regulating means 60 is lengthened from a member 63 thereof and each carrying tool 41 is pushed and forwardly rocked with the member 62 after cutting stems and leaves (Ta). A roller 54 of a holder 45 in the carrying tool 41 is received and pushed up with a tilted cam roll (56f) of an opening means 33 to rotate the holder 45 forward. The receiver 44 of the carrying tool 41 is rotated backward with a cam unit 69 of the opening means 33. Thereby, the carrying tool 41 is opened back and forth to drop crops (T) downward.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a conveyor device in a harvester for harvesting onions, etc.

(Prior technology) In an onion harvesting machine that automatically performs the entire process from cutting the stems and leaves to collecting the onion bulbs after picking up the onions from the field, there are The receiving device and the holding device are pivotally connected so as to be openable and closable to constitute a conveying device, and a large number of these conveying devices are provided on a chain at equal intervals to constitute a conveyor. , a foliage cutting means is provided for cutting the foliage of the onion hanging downward from the inverted conveyor, and an opening means is provided for opening the carrier after cutting the foliage and allowing the bulbs of the onion to fall downward; It has been proposed that the reversing part is rotatably provided with an opening regulating means that comes into contact with the receiving tool and the holding tool from the front and back to restrict opening when the reversing part is reversed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In this type of harvester, short plates are provided at both left and right ends of the receiving device and the holding device as opening means, and a cam rod is fixedly installed on the fixed side of the discharge section. As the transport conveyor rotates, each cam rod contacts the plate and rotates the receiver and the clamp around the axis, so if the transport speed is increased above a certain level, the opening/closing operation becomes extremely unstable. , and the amount of opening of the receiver and holder may change due to wear during contact, etc.
I was used to making sure that the onions inside the carrier did not fall out.

Furthermore, since an unreasonable force is applied to the receiving device and the holding device of the conveyor when it is opened, reinforcement or the like is required, which has the disadvantage that the conveyor as a whole becomes large and heavy.

Furthermore, the noise generated during contact is large, and when the conveyor is rotated after it has been opened, vibrations cause the conveyor to wander, causing trouble.

The present invention was provided for the purpose of solving such conventional problems.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides, as a means for that purpose, a crop conveying device in which a receiver 44 on the rear side in the running direction and a holding tool 45 on the front side in the running direction are pivotally connected to each other so as to be openable and closable. 41 are provided at equal intervals to constitute the conveyor 30, and this conveyor 30
A foliage cutting means 3 for cutting the foliage ↑a of the crop T hanging downward from the inverted conveyor 41 is placed below the inverted part F at the end.
2 is provided, and a release means 33 is provided for releasing the transport tool 41 and dropping the crop T after cutting the stems and leaves, and when the transport tool 41 is reversed, it abuts the receiving tool 44 and the holding tool 45 from the front and back to restrict opening. This is a harvester for harvesting onions, etc., in which an opening regulating means 60 is rotatably provided in the reversing part F, and the opening regulating means 60 is
In order to vibrate the carrying tool 41 forward in the rotational direction around the pivot 46 after cutting the stems and leaves, the member 62 that contacts the receiver 44 is configured to be longer in the radial direction than the member 63 that contacts the holding tool 45 side, and the opening means 33 A fixed cam body 69 that contacts the receiving tool 44 side during rotation and rotates backward in the rotation direction, and a roller 54 on the holding tool 45 side of the conveyance tool 41 that swings forward in the rotation direction. It also includes a fixed inclined cam rail 56f that rotates the holding tool 45 forward in the rotation direction during rotation.

(Function) When the conveyor 41 is reversed in the reversing section F, the opening regulating means 60
The transport tool 41 is sandwiched between the front and rear members 62 and 63 to restrict opening. Then, when the conveyance tool 41 is reversed, the stems and leaves Ta of the crop T hanging downward are cut at a position of a predetermined cutting length by the stems and leaves cutting means 32.

After cutting the stems and leaves Ta, the long member 62 pushes the conveyor 41 and swings it forward. Then, the roller 54 of the holding tool 45 of the conveying tool 41 in the swinging state is moved to the inclined cam rail 56f.
The holding device 45 is received and pushed up by the cam body 69, and the holding device 45 is rotated forward, and the receiving device 44 of the conveying device 41 is rotated backward by the cam body 69. As a result, the conveyor 41 opens forward and backward, and the crop T falls downward.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1-10, an onion harvester 1 is attached to the rear of a tractor 2 via a three-point linkage 3. This harvester L is roughly divided into an excavation part A that excavates from the ridge U of the onion T.
and a processing section B that cuts the stems and leaves Ta of the dug up onion T to make only the bulb part Tb, which are supported by a frame 4 and powered by the PTO shaft 5 of the tractor 2. being driven.

The excavation device 6 installed in the excavation part A has a pair of left and right swinging arms 9 hanging from the front end of a bracket 7 that projects forward from the frame 4 via a support shaft 8, and a pair of left and right swinging arms 9. A digging blade l having a length approximately equal to the width of the ridge U at the lower end of the arm 9.
O is fixed, and a large number of rake-shaped guide rods 11 and side guide rods 12 are provided rearwardly and upwardly protruding from this excavating blade body 10, and a gauge wheel 13 is attached to the front side. The front end of the push rod 14 is connected to the middle part.

The frame 4 is provided with a transmission case 16 that receives power from the PTO shaft 5 through the universal joint 5, and the output of the transmission case 16 is transmitted to a horizontal drive shaft 17. A push rod 14 is operatively connected to this drive shaft 17 via an eccentric cam.

The digging device 6 swings the swinging arm 9 back and forth through the push rod 14 by the rotation of the drive shaft 17, and by the back and forth movement of the digging blade 10 and the forward movement of the tractor 2, the moat raising device 6 moves from inside the ridge U. Onion T
is dug up and transported to the processing section B via the guide rod 11.

The processing section B has a lifting section C1, a receiving and lifting section D, a horizontal conveying section E, a reversing section F, a foliage cutting section G, a discharging section H1, a collecting section J, and a return section K.

A lifting device W20 constituting a lifting part C for shaking off adhered soil while lifting the onion T is constituted by a lifting conveyor 211 disposed between the left and right frame side plates 48. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, this lifting conveyor 21 is constructed by mounting a large number of mounting rods 25 on a pair of left and right chains 24 stretched between a driving sprocket throat 22 and a driven sprocket 23. The driving sprocket 22 is on the transmission shaft 27, and the driven sprocket 23 is on the shaft 28.
The onions T delivered from the guide rod 11 are driven by the power transmitted from the drive shaft 17 to the transmission shaft 27 of the drive sprocket throat 22 via the relay shaft 26, and are arranged at a constant pitch rearward and upward. Transfer to.

The receiving and lifting part D, the horizontal transport part E, the reversing part F, the stem and leaf cutting part G, the discharge part H, and the return part are formed in a processing device 31 equipped with a transport conveyor 30.
is bent in the shape of a letter when viewed from the side, and the above-mentioned parts are arranged in the above-mentioned order. The foliage cutting section G is provided with a foliage cutting means 32, the discharging section H is provided with an opening means 33, and below the discharging section H, a collecting section J having a collecting mechanism 82 is arranged.

The conveyor 30 of the processing device 31 has a driving shaft 34 and a driven shaft 35 supported on the left and right frame side plates 4a, and sprockets 36.3 provided at both ends of both shafts 34 and 35.
A pair of left and right chains 40 are stretched between the idler sprocket 7 and the idler sprocket 38, 39, and a large number of conveying tools 41 are provided on the left and right pair of chains 40 at a constant pitch. The drive shaft 34 receives power from the transmission shaft 27 via a chain transmission means, and a tension adjustment means 42 is provided on the driven wheel 35 side.

In Figure 1.5.6, the conveyor 41 is the ball part of the onion T↑
a receiver 44 disposed on the rear side in the rotation direction to receive the ball Tb; and a holding tool disposed on the front side in the rotation direction so as to cooperate with the receiver 44 to hold the ball Tb. 45. The receiving tool 44 and the holding tool 45 are line-symmetrical, and are pivotally supported by a common pivot 46 so as to be openable and closable in order to hold and release the ball portion Tb.

The receiving tool 44 and the holding tool 45 are plate members 47 and 48 each having a trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side and having a plurality of plates (three in the embodiment) arranged in the left and right direction.
are formed by welding three rods 49 to each plate, and the three rods 49 are located at one end and two bends of each plate 47.48, and the other end of each plate 47.48 is located at the pivot point. 46
It is loosely fitted into the plate 47 of the receiver 44 and the retainer 4.
It is shifted left and right on the pivot 46 from the plate material 48 of No. 5. Partition rods 53 are provided at both left and right ends of the receiver 44 to restrict outward movement of the onion T. Therefore, the onion T inside the conveyor 41 jumps out and the frame side plate 4a
Note that there is an auxiliary link 86 with a covering material 85 at the tip of the receiving tool 44 and the holding tool 45.
are provided for each.

The pivot 46 is attached to a pedestal plate 50 fixed to link plates 87 of a pair of left and right chains 40 at regular intervals, and this pedestal plate 50 has a stopper that restricts the opening movement of the receiver 44 beyond a certain angle. 51 is provided, and the plate material 4
It is possible to make contact with 7.

Further, an over-holding regulating member 52 is provided between the holding tool 45 and the opposing receiving tool 44 to set a gap S when the holding tool 45 is closed. This over-foam holding regulating member 52 keeps the gap S constant when the conveyance tool 41 is in the holding position to prevent crushing or damage to the bulb part Tb, and also prevents the onion T from falling sideways. The stems and leaves ↑a are prevented from entering the transport tool 41. The overholding regulating member 52 is formed of one or more rods, one end of which is welded to the base of the plate 48 of the holding tool 45, and the other end capable of coming into contact with the plate 47 of the receiver 44. The over-holding regulating member 52 may be provided on the receiving tool 44 so as to come into contact with the holding tool 45.

A cam roller 54 is provided at both ends of the loft 49 at the tip of the holding tool 45 in an outwardly projecting manner. 56.

Cam rail 568. t, as shown in FIG. 1, the receiving and lifting section D, the horizontal conveying section E, the reversing section F, the foliage cutting section G, the discharging section H, etc. are each provided in the required shape.

At the receiving and lifting part, the chain 40 is tilted rearward and upward, and the carrier 41 is in an upwardly open position with the receiver 44 abutting against the stopper 51, and the onion T transferred from the lifting part C is Accept it.

In the holding tool 45, the cam roller 54 comes into contact with the chain 40,
The open position is maintained.

A cam rail 56d is provided from the middle to the upper part of the receiving and lifting part. This cam rail 56d moves the cam roller 54 that was in contact with the chain 40 to the chain 4.
As a result, the holding tool 45 rotates toward the receiving tool 44 while it is rising, and the onion T
Embrace it and ascend while maintaining that position.

The conveyor 41 is immediately closed after receiving the onion T,
Since the holding position is taken before the direction change by the idler sprocket 38, the onion T will not fly out even if the stems and leaves Ta are caught, and the holding tool 45 can be closed while being guided by the cam rail 56d. Because I will do it,
There is no possibility of hitting or crushing the ball part Tb.

The upper part of the cam rail 56d is the cam rail 5 of the horizontal conveyance section E.
6e, the conveying tool 41 holds the onion T with the stems and leaves Ta facing upward, and is transferred to the rear of the horizontal conveying section E while maintaining this position.

The cam rail 56e guides the cam roller 54 from above and below, and holds the holding tool 45 in a closed holding position with respect to the receiver 44, which is immovable by the stopper 51, so that the chain 40 does not stretch or vibrate. However, the transport device 4
1 is prevented from opening, and the onion T is prevented from falling sideways in the conveying tool 41, and the stems and leaves Ta are prevented from turning sideways.

1st. ? , 8, the driven shaft 35 of the reversing section F is provided with an opening regulating means 60. This opening regulation means 6
0 is a boss 61 that is rotatably fitted to the driven shaft 35, and two rod-shaped members 62 and 63, each long and short, are provided in the circumferential direction to protrude radially outward, and have a cross shape when viewed from the side. Two conveyors 41 are formed to engage at two opposing positions.

The opening regulating means 60 is composed of two members 62 and 63 that are connected to the transport tool 41.
This is for controlling the opening of the carrier 41 by sandwiching it from the front and back and abutting against the receiver 44 and the carrier 45 at the time of reversal.
The holding device 45 is regulated so that it does not vibrate greatly or be released involuntarily.

The member 62 that comes into contact with the receiver 44 of the opening regulating means 60 is
It is configured to be longer than the member 63 that comes into contact with the holding tool 45, and is adapted to push and swing the conveying tool 41 forward in the rotational direction from the vertical state about the pivot 46 after cutting the stems and leaves. Note that there is also a gap Ss when the conveyor 41 is inserted between the members 62 and 63, to provide a margin for variations in the size of the onions T.

Three of the opening regulating means 60 are arranged on the driven shaft 35, and the tips of the long members 62 are connected by a rod 62a, but it is also possible to have only one in the center or two on both sides.

When the conveyor 41 is sandwiched from the front and back by the release regulating means 60, it rises from its forward tilted position and connects the driven shaft 35 and the pivot shaft 4.
6, the cam rail 56e has a margin to allow the cam roller 54 to move up and down accordingly.

The foliage cutting section G is located substantially below the driven shaft 35 and includes a foliage cutting means 32. The stem and leaf cutting means 32 is of a clipper type, and has a fixed blade 64 and a movable blade 65 that performs reciprocating motion, and cuts the onion T which has been turned upside down and facing downward at the reversing part F.
The movable blade 65 for cutting the foliage a receives power from the drive shaft 17 via a power transmission means.

A leaf chute 66 is arranged below the stem and leaf cutting part G, and one end of this leaf chute 66 is pivoted to the frame 4 and is inclined downward to the other end, and the cut leaf is used as an example of a ridge U. Leave them together.

As shown in FIGS. 1.5 to 7, the discharge part H is located in front of the foliage cutting part G, and this discharge part H comes into contact with the backing plate 68 of the receiving tool 44 during rotation, and is placed on the rear side in the rotation direction. A fixed cam body 69 is rotated to the front side in the rotation direction, and a member 62 receives from below the cam roller 54 of the holding tool 45 of the conveyance tool 41 which is swung forward in the rotation direction, and rotates the cam roller 54 in the front direction in the rotation direction during rotation. opening means 3 consisting of a fixed inclined cam rail 56f that moves;
3 is provided.

A horizontal rail 56g is provided on the rear side of the inclined cam rail 56f,
Guide portions 56h are provided respectively, and after the conveyance tool 41 is swung forward by the member 62, the member 62 is moved to the receiving tool 4.
4, the cam roller 54 of the holding tool 45 rides on the horizontal rail 56g and is guided to the inclined cam rail 56f. Therefore, when the transport conveyor 30 rotates, the receiver 44 is rotated backward by the cam body 69, and the cam roller 54 rides on the inclined cam rail 56f, and the holding tool 45 is rotated forward, so that the transport tool 41 is opened. , the ball part Tb of the onion T that was being held is dropped downward. When the holding tool 45 is rotated by guiding the cam roller 54 by the inclined cam rail 56f, the foaming tool 45 rotates smoothly because the conveying tool 41 is already in an inclined state in which it swings forward. In addition, since it is a roller type, high-speed conveyance is possible, improving work efficiency, and reducing wear and vibration during contact.
There is no noise etc.

Incidentally, the inclined cam rail 56f and the cam body 69 are fixed to the frame side plate 4a, and a guide rail 89 is fixed above the inclined cam rail 56 and the like to prevent the cam roller 54 from jumping up. The backing plate 68 is the receiver 4
It is fixed at the end of 4. Further, the cam body 69 has a roller 69a at its tip, which comes into contact with the backing plate 68, so there is less wear and the like compared to a sliding type.

A collection part J is formed below the discharge part H, and this collection part J may be provided with an onion storage container or only a chute, but in this embodiment, a belt conveyor 73
An onion storage container 74 is arranged below one end of this belt conveyor 73, and a ball chute 75 is arranged on the other side.
No. 5 and the like are the collection mechanism 82.

In Figure 12.7.9.10, belt conveyor 73
is supported by a support member 76 fixed to the frame 4, and the driving force is transmitted from the drive shaft 17 via the transmission case 77, allowing for forward and reverse rotation. During forward rotation, the onion T is moved toward the ball chute 75 side. When the rotation is reversed, it is fed to the container 74 side. The belt conveyor 73 serves as a guide means for receiving the balls Tb discharged from the discharge section 2 with a small drop and guiding them to the ball chute 75 or the container 74.

The ball chute 75 is attached to a bracket 78 fixed to the outer surface of the frame 4 via a pivot 81 so as to be able to swing vertically, and is inclined downward from the outside of the belt conveyor 73 to below the belt conveyor 73 and the leaf chute 66. The harvested onion T is left at the center of the ridge U or at a position away from the leaf device position in the ridge width direction.

The leaf chute 66 and the ball chute 75 are provided with pulling means 79, 80 so that their lower ends can be pulled up and held when the onion harvester I is driven on the road. This lifting means 79,80 is formed by a chain or a wire, and its upper part can be hooked to the frame 4.

In Fig. 1, the section from the discharge section (■) of the conveyor 30 to the receiving and lifting section is a return section for transferring an empty conveyor 41, and although the conveyor 41 does not perform any work, it is capable of holding onions. A cam rail 56k is provided to maintain the correct posture.

The cam rail 56 is located on the lower outer periphery side of the drive sprocket 36 and engages with the cam roller 54 of the holding tool 45 when the conveying tool 41 moves from forward downward movement to backward upward movement, and moves the cam roller 54 above the pivot 46. It moves from the front to the rear and is guided so as to come into contact with the chain 40.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, L-shaped or straight rod-shaped partition rods 53 are provided at both left and right ends or in the center of the receiver 44,
This may come into contact with the plate 48 on the side of the holding tool 45 when the conveying tool 41 is closed, and in this way, the partition rod 5
3 can also function as an overholding regulating member.

Further, in the embodiment, the onion harvesting machine 1 is illustrated, but the onion harvesting machine 1 may be used to harvest other crops.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the opening regulating means 60 moves the member 62 that comes into contact with the receiving tool 44 to the holding tool 45 in order to swing the conveying tool 41 forward in the rotational direction around the pivot 46 after cutting the stems and leaves. The opening means 3 is configured to be longer in the radial direction than the member 63 that abuts on the side.
3 is a fixed cam body 69 that abuts against the receiver 44 side during rotation and rotates backward in the rotation direction, and a roller 54 on the holding tool 45 side of the conveyance tool 41 that swings forward in the rotation direction. Since it is equipped with a fixed slanted cam rail 56f that rotates the holding tool 45 forward in the rotation direction during rotation, the transfer conveyor 30 can be operated at higher speeds than in the past, making the work easier. Improves efficiency.

In addition, since it is a roller type, there is little wear, impact, noise, etc., and the conveying tool 41 can be opened smoothly and reliably, and the device can be made smaller.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an overall cross-sectional side view of an onion harvester, FIG. 2 is an overall side view, FIG. 3.4 is a cross-sectional side view and plan view of a conveyor, and FIG. 5.6 The figures are a sectional side view and a bottom view of the conveyor, Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional side view of the reversing section and discharge section, Fig. 8 is a partially sectional plan view of the reversing section, and Fig. 9 is a rear view of the onion harvester. , FIG. 10 is a plan view of the recovery mechanism, the first
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of the carrier. T...onion, Ta...stem and leaf, Tb...bulb, U...
... ridge, S... gap, A... digging part, B... processing part, C... lifting part, D... receiving and lifting part, E
...Horizontal conveyance section, F...Reversing section, G...Stem and leaf cutting section, H...Discharge section, J...Recovery section, K...Return section, L...Onion harvester , 30...conveyor, 32
... Stem and leaf cutting means, 33... Opening means, 40...
Chain, 41... Conveyor, 44... Receiver, 45
...Holder, 46... Pivot, 56f... Inclined cam rail, 60... Opening regulating means, 69... Cam body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Crop transport tools (41) are provided at equal intervals and are made up of a receiver (44) on the rear side in the turning direction and a holding tool (45) on the front side in the turning direction that are pivoted so as to be openable and closable. Conveyor (30
), and a foliage cutter for cutting the foliage (Ta) of the crop (T) hanging downward from the inverted conveyor (41) is provided below the inverted part (F) at the end of the conveyor (30). A means (32) is provided, and a conveyor (41) is provided after cutting the stems and leaves.
Opening means (3) for opening and dropping the crop (T)
3) is provided, and a receiver (44) is provided when the conveyor (41) is reversed.
This is a harvester for harvesting onions, etc., in which an opening regulating means (60) is rotatably provided in the reversing part (F), and the opening regulating means (60) is rotatably provided in the reversing part (F), and the opening regulating means (60) is rotatably provided in the reversing part (F). teeth,
A member (62) that contacts the receiver (44) and a member (63) that contacts the holding tool (45) in order to swing the carrier (41) forward in the rotation direction around the pivot (46) after cutting the stems and leaves.
), and the opening means (33) includes a fixed cam body (69) that abuts against the receiver (44) side during rotation and rotates backward in the rotation direction; The roller (54) on the holding tool (45) side of the conveying tool (41) that has swung forward
) and a fixed inclined cam rail (56f) for rotating the holding tool (45) forward in the rotation direction during rotation.