JPH02171409A - Automatic water level control gate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep a water level in a channel constant by constructing the title gate in a way that a water introduction control part and a passing water control port are opened and closed in the directions reverse to each other by a float floated on the water surface in a water level detecting tank and the gate is opened and closed by the float. CONSTITUTION:Reduction of quantity of flow lowers a water level at the upperstream of a gate 1 to expose a water level detecting float 15, and a valve body lowers to narrow a water introduction control port 10a and to widen a water passing control port 14a. Next, a water level in a float chamber 8 lowers to approach a water level at the downstream and a water level in a float 9 approaches the upperstream to apply downward operational force to the float and the gate is thereby closed so that a water level in an upperstream channel becomes higher. Increase in quantity of flow rises the upperstream water level of the gate 1 and the gate 1 is opened due to reversed operation to lower the upperstream water level.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an automatic water level control gate, and specifically, in order to divert water from a waterway, the water level of an upstream waterway can be controlled regardless of the flow rate. This relates to an unmanned, non-powered gate that maintains the water level of a downstream waterway at a constant height in order to maintain the water level at a constant level or to maintain a constant discharge amount from a reservoir or the like to a drainage channel.

[Prior Art] As a conventional technology for keeping the water level upstream of the gate constant using unmanned and unpowered operation, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5,
It communicates with the upstream waterway 2 of the gate 1 consisting of a tenter gate via an inlet 29, a still water pond 30, and a cutout layer 31, and also communicates with the downstream waterway 5 of the gate 1 via a small-diameter outlet 32. A float 9 is suspended from the gate 1 in the float chamber 8, and when the upstream water level is high, the amount of inflow from the cutout layer 31 increases, the float 9 rises and the gate 1 is opened, and conversely, when the upstream water level is low, the inflow from the cutout layer 31 increases. For example, the amount of inflow from the cutout layer 31 is reduced, the float 9 is lowered, the gate 1 is closed, and the upstream water level is maintained at a constant level.

Conventional technology to maintain a constant downstream water level used to be
There was a simple structure in which a float (not shown) fixed to the downstream side of the shaft 33 of the tenter gate 1 was floated in the downstream waterway 5, but it has not become widespread and currently, electricity methods are used.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

First, in the conventional technology for keeping the upstream water level constant, the up-and-down stroke of the float 9 is restricted to within the difference in the upstream and downstream water levels, so the distance between the shaft 33 of the gate l and the float 9 is significantly Also, as the movement of the float 9 progresses, the actuation force becomes small (therefore, firstly, it is necessary to significantly increase the planar area of the float 9, and secondly, For the same reason, the type of gate 1 to be targeted was limited to tenter gates with low resistance.

In addition, the third problem is that when the upstream water level is held constant, when the flow rate is extremely low and the opening degree of gate 1 is small, gate 1 may close completely due to slight changes in the upstream water level due to wave motion. It closed, cutting off the flow of water downstream and disrupting water use downstream.

In the present invention, in order to solve the first and second problems of the prior art, first, water is also introduced into the float, and the amount of water flowing into or out of the float chamber and the float is controlled by In order to solve the third problem when adjusting the water level of the downstream waterway or the downstream waterway via a valve and keeping the upstream water level constant, we first set an upper limit as the control water level of the waterway. Set the water level and lower limit water level, and if the upstream water level is below the upper limit water level, the flow control valve will
Although the flow into the float chamber is blocked, if the upstream water level exceeds the lower limit water level, a small amount of water is supplied to the float chamber, and the gate opening is small (if An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic water level control gate that suppresses the amount of outflow from a float chamber using an outflow suppression valve that is interlocked with the float and the gate.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a water level detection tank connected to a water channel on either the upstream or downstream side of the gate where the water level is to be controlled. The water guide tank is connected to the water channel on the opposite side, and the float chamber is connected to the water channel through the water guide control port.
Upper = 2 water level detection tank is communicated with the water guide tank via a natural water guide port, and most of the float stored in the float chamber is connected to the water level detection tank via a water flow adjustment port;
The water flow control port and the water flow control port are connected to the water supply tank through the natural water flow port, and the water flow control port and the water flow control port are opened and closed in opposite directions by a floating body floating on the water surface of the water level detection tank, and the gate is opened and closed by the float. In addition, the float chamber is configured to open and close to control the water level of the waterway, and the float chamber is connected to the water supply tank through the water replenishment device, the water level detection tank, and the water leakage port, and the outflow control works in conjunction with the gate. This is an automatic water level control gate characterized in that a natural water inlet is opened and closed by a valve.

[Function] Water is introduced into the float chamber and the float, that is, inside and outside the float, and the amount of inflow or outflow of each is adjusted through the valve depending on the water level of the waterway, so the difference in water level between the inside and outside of the float is It is equal to the water level difference in the water channel, and a large operating force acts on the float, and its magnitude will not decrease due to the movement of the float unless the water level in the channel changes and the valve moves. , the amount of movement of the float can be made many times the water level difference between the upstream and downstream waterways.

Therefore, the float area becomes extremely small, which solves the first problem of the prior art, and at the same time, the second problem is also solved because a type of gate with a large resistance can be operated.

In addition, if the upstream water level exceeds the lower limit (water level), a small amount of water is replenished into the float chamber, and if the opening of the gate is reduced, the amount of water flowing out from the float chamber is suppressed. This also solves the third problem, which is that the valve is never completely closed.

However, when the upstream water level becomes equal to the lower limit water level, the flow into the float chamber is interrupted.On the other hand, since a very small amount of water is constantly flowing out, the gate is fully closed, and therefore the upstream water level becomes equal to the lower limit water level. It will never go below.

Furthermore, when the flow rate of the waterway is large and the gate opening is large, the amount of outflow from the float chamber is not suppressed, so if there is no inflow from the regular valve, the outflow from the float chamber cannot be compensated for. Therefore, since the upper limit water level is automatically maintained, the original purpose is not impaired.

The function of maintaining the downstream water level constant is the same as the above-mentioned function, except that some usage conditions are added. Details are given in Examples.

[Embodiment 1] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the same reference numerals are used for components common to the conventional one.

First, regarding the configuration when keeping the upstream water level constant,
This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in the figure, the water channel 2 on the upstream side of the gate l is connected to the water inlet 3.
The water channel 5 on the downstream side of the gate l is communicated with the water guide tank 7 through the water guide port 6, and a float chamber 8 is provided between the water level detector tank 4 and the water guide tank 7. A float 9 is housed in.

The other end of the water conduit 1O opened to the float chamber 8 serves as a water conduit adjustment port 10a, and is opened upward into the water level detection tank 4, and is also opened downward for the time being, but it is filled with a packing 15c. 8 Further, the other end of the natural water guide pipe 11 opened on the downstream side of the float chamber 8 becomes a natural water guide port 11a, and is opened upward into the water guide tank 7.

The float 9 includes a sealed chamber 9a whose lower part is partitioned,
A water guide chamber 9b is formed above the water guide chamber 9b, and a ventilation device 1, which in this case is simply a hole, is located near the top of the water guide chamber 9b.
2 is provided, and one end of a communication pipe 13 is connected to the bottom of the water guide chamber 9b, and this communication pipe passes through the sealed chamber 9a,
A water pipe 14 is bent in the middle to follow the movement of the float 9, and the other end is a water pipe 14 that penetrates inside the float chamber 8.
One end of the zero water flow pipe 14 connected to the water level detection tank 4
The inside is opened downward as a water flow adjustment port 14a, the upper part is also opened for the time being, and the other end is opened into the water guide tank 7 as a natural water flow port 14b. The sizes of the natural water inlet 11a and the natural water inlet 14b are appropriately determined depending on the thickness of the float chamber 8 and the float 9 and the required opening/closing speed of the gate 1. Adjustment port 10
a and the water flow control port 14a are made sufficiently large,
The distance between the two is made sufficiently small so that no matter where the valve body 15a of the flow control valve 15 placed between them is located, one of the openings is always narrowed.

The valve body 15a is fixed to the connecting rod 15b, and the valve body 15a is fixed to the connecting rod 15b.
0a and the opening on the opposite side of the water flow adjustment port 14a are both closed by a gasket 15c fixed to the connecting rod 15b, and the water level is adjusted freely at an appropriate height near the upper end of the connecting rod 15b. The detection floating body 15d is attached,
It is housed in a storage layer 16 that communicates with the water level detection tank 4 through a communication port 16a formed of a small gap.

Next, an example of a configuration in which the gate 1 and the float 9 are interlocked will be described. 6 A shaft 17 is horizontally and rotatably supported straddling above both, and is directly above the float 9 and above the gate 1, respectively. One main drive sprocket 18 and a pair of driven sprockets 19 fixed near the side end
, a driving chain 20 and a driven chain 21, respectively.
is suspended, a float 9 and a gate 1 are suspended from one end of each, and a counterweight 2 for the float is suspended from the other end.
2 and a gate counterweight 23 are suspended.

In addition, in order to prevent backflow from the water control port 10a etc. when there is a risk of backflow, and to prevent flooding from the water control tank 7 when the downstream water level becomes extremely high, in such cases, the water control port 10a etc. 6 is tubular to prevent backflow.
Of course, a suitable water control valve (not shown) is attached to this.

Next, details of each component will be explained.

The weight of the gate 1 is sufficiently thick so that it can be closed by its own weight in any condition, and the weight of the float 9 is also made larger than the largest buoyant force acting on it. The total weight of the counterweight 23 is such that when controlling the water level of the upstream waterway 2, the flow rate Q of the waterway W is large and the water level of the upstream waterway 2 reaches a predetermined height even without raising the dam. In other words, if the water level in the float chamber 8 and the water level in the float 9 are equal, when there is no risk of backflow, the water level will be greater than the total weight of the gate 1 and the float 9 so that the gate l will further rise. The diameter of the driving sprocket 18 is made sufficiently smaller than that of the driven sprocket 19.

Next, the effect will be explained.

First, when the flow rate decreases and the upstream water level falls, the water level detection floating body 15d is exposed, the valve body 15a is lowered, the water introduction adjustment port 10a is narrowed, and the water flow adjustment port 14a is expanded, so that the float chamber The water level in the float 8 falls and approaches the downstream water level, and the water level in the float 9 approaches the upstream water level, a downward operating force acts on the float 9, the gate 1 closes, and the water level in the upstream waterway 2 rises.

Conversely, if the flow rate increases and the water level upstream of gate 1 rises, the effect is opposite to the above-mentioned effect.

Gate 1 opens and the upstream water level drops. At that time, if the water level detection floating body 15d moves slightly, the water surface in the storage tank 16 moves in the opposite direction to that movement, and the operating force is lost. A similar phenomenon occurs in the float chamber 8, so that the gate l is The valve body 15a and the water level detection floating body 15d are positioned at an appropriate distance between the water control port 10a and the water flow control port 14a. The difference is extremely small, and the difference between valve body 1
The water pressure applied to 5a is offset by the water pressure applied to gasket 15c, so the resistance of the valve is extremely small. Therefore, the difference in upstream water level when gate 1 opens and when it closes is Since it is extremely small, the upstream water level can be kept constant regardless of the flow rate. Moreover, since the water level detection floating body 15d is installed so as to be freely adjustable, the above-mentioned control water level can be arbitrarily selected.

In addition, in the event of a flood, if the downstream water level becomes equal to the water level that should be raised at a predetermined dam, the total weight of the float counterweight 22 and gate counterweight 23 is sufficient if there is no risk of backflow. Since the float 9 continues to rise while discharging the water in the water guide chamber 9b, the lower end of the gate l jumps into the air, so there is no problem with the flow of flood water, and on the contrary, If there is a risk of backflow, the counterweight is made small, so the gate l will not open fully, and therefore no backflow will occur.

In addition, in order to start raising the dam again after the flood has passed,
Water intake gate provided at the most upstream part of waterway W (not shown)
or by opening a spillway gate (not shown) provided in the middle of the waterway W, the water level in the waterway W and therefore the float chamber 8 will drop, and the sealed chamber 9a of the float 9 will be in the air. After being exposed, the float 9 and gate 1 descend, but since the diameter of the driving sprocket 18 is made sufficiently smaller than the diameter of the driven sprocket 19, the gate 1 descends first.
The state is close to fully open, water in the waterway W is dammed up, and the water flow port 3, water level detection tank 4, water flow adjustment port 14a, and water flow pipe 1 are dammed up.
4. Water enters the water guide portion 9b through the communication pipe 13,
The above-mentioned actions are performed and the water level is again regulated.

Next, a configuration for keeping the downstream water level constant will be described.

In Figures 1 and 2, if the upstream water level is kept constant as described above, the solid line arrow (A) indicates that the upstream waterway 2 is on the left; Budokura Meri. ``・Kahekiru.

In addition, in this case, the total weight of the float counterweight 22 and the gate counterweight 23 must be made sufficiently smaller than the total weight of the gate 1 and the float 9, and the gate 1 must be fully closed. in case of,
A water control gap 24 is attached to the water inlet 3, a stop valve 25 is attached to the natural water conduit 11, and when the upstream water level becomes extremely high, the water conduit tank 11 is sealed with a top plate (not shown) and the above-mentioned If conditions are severe, an air valve (not shown) may be used in the ventilation device 12 to block the passage of water and allow air to pass.

Therefore, when maintaining the downstream water level constant, if the downstream water level becomes lower than a predetermined water level, the valve body 15a of the flow rate regulating valve 15
is lowered and the water control port 10a is completely closed, and the water flow control port 1 is completely closed.
4a is fully opened, the water level in the float chamber 8 becomes equal to the upstream water level, the water level in the float 9 becomes equal to the downstream water level, and buoyancy acts on the float 9, but as mentioned above, the total weight of the counterweight is made sufficiently small compared to the total weight of the gate 1 of the float 9, so the gate 1 does not fully open, and therefore, the water level difference between upstream and downstream does not disappear, and therefore the water level of the upstream waterway 500 As soon as the downstream water level becomes higher than the predetermined water level,
The valve body 15a rises and the water levels in the float chamber 8 and float 9 become equal to f in the downstream water level and upstream water level, respectively, and the float 9 and gate 1 are closed to lower the downstream water level.

Further, a supplementary explanation will be given regarding the fact that water does not overflow from the float chamber 8 when the gate 1 is opened.

When the downstream water level becomes lower than a predetermined value, the valve body 15a descends as described above, the water control port 10a is closed, the water in the float chamber 8 rises, and the water control port 14a is opened. , the water level inside the float 9 becomes low, but as explained in the case where the upstream water level is kept constant, in this case as well, the water flow control port 14a is made sufficiently larger than the natural water introduction port 11a. Of course, since the water level in the float 9 is falling quickly and the water level in the float chamber 8 is rising slowly, the gate l opens before the water in the float chamber 8 reaches its limit. , the water introduction control port 10a is opened to prevent water from overflowing from the float chamber 8.

Next, the action of fully closing the gate l and stopping the discharge will be explained.

When the water control gap 24 is closed, the water level in the water level detection tank 4 rises, the valve body 15a closes the water flow adjustment port 14a, the water level in the float 9 rises, the float 9 descends, and at the same time the gate l is closed.
will close automatically. However, at this stage, although there is a flow flowing down from the natural water introduction port 11a, this flow is also stopped by the stop valve 25.

In this way, when controlling the water level, it is necessary to use slightly different configurations for upstream water level and downstream water level, but the difference is that when controlling the downstream water level,
The only differences are in the derivative partial configurations due to differences in usage conditions, such as the fact that the upstream water level may be extremely high and the gates may be fully opened. Basically, all (the same configuration) Thus, the purpose is achieved.

[Application example] Next, a configuration in which the gate opening degree is slightly ensured when controlling the upstream water level to be constant will be described.

In most irrigation canals, the minimum flow rate is more than a fraction of the maximum flow rate, so the configuration already described is sufficient. However, in recent years, as upland irrigation has become more widespread, there are rare cases where the minimum flow rate is several tenths of the maximum flow rate.
In such a case, since the opening degree of the gate 1 is extremely small, the gate 1 often closes completely due to wave motion, which may impede the use of water downstream.

Although this application example is extremely rare, it relates to a method of preventing the gate 1 from being completely closed in such a case and also utilizing the water storage function. In field irrigation, sprinklers are often used (with a diameter of 30 m).
A sprinkler spraying water with a pressure of 3.0Kg/crr? A pump of capacity is used. Therefore, when introducing water from a waterway, there is no problem even if the water level of the waterway falls to a certain extent, but this limit should be set as the lower water level, and if the flow rate is high (or there is no risk of the gate opening fully), , the water level to be kept constant is the upper limit water level.The structure and operation for maintaining the upper limit water level have already been explained.

This is an application example of controlling the upstream water level to a constant level by ensuring a slight opening of the gate. First, its configuration will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 3, a water replenishment device 26 consisting of a water replenishment tank 26b that is adjustably fitted to a water replenishment pipe 26a with screws and whose upper end is made equal to the lower limit water level is connected to the water conduit 10, and is connected to a natural water conduit. An extremely small diameter leak port 27 was drilled in 11,
An outflow control valve 28 facing the natural water guide port 11a of the natural water pipe 11 is suspended from the float 9 to avoid sticking.

The water replenishment pipe 26a is made sufficiently smaller than the natural water conduit pipe 11, the water leakage port 27 is made sufficiently smaller than the water supply pipe 26a, and the water flow control valve 28 is made sufficiently heavy to resist water pressure. Of course.

Next, the effect will be explained.

When the flow rate is large and the gate opening degree is large, the outflow control valve 28 is away from the natural water conduit 11a, and the natural water conduit 1
1, and the size of the supplementary water pipe 26a is sufficiently small compared to the natural water conduit 11, so the inflow amount from the supplementary water system 26 alone has almost no effect, and the float chamber The water level in 8 becomes low and the gate l closes, and the upstream water level becomes high and the flow rate control valve 15a automatically rises and the water introduction control port 10a becomes half open, so that the upstream water level is maintained at the upper limit water level.

However, when the flow rate decreases and the gate opening becomes smaller, the outflow control valve 28 lowers, the natural water inlet 11a is almost blocked, and the water level in the float chamber 9 becomes close to the upstream water level. If the gate 1 does not close and the flow rate decreases, the upstream water level will become lower than the upper limit water level. In this way, when the upstream water level drops to the lower limit water level, the amount of inflow from the water replenishment device 26 into the float chamber 9 becomes zero (but there is a small amount of outflow from the water leakage port 27, so the gate l is fully closed). However, the lower limit water level is maintained.At this time, the outflow control valve 28 is not fixed to the float 1, so it will not be damaged.

〔effect〕

The present invention exhibits the following effects.

■ In the conventional technology, even if the distance between the gate axis and the float suspension position is set economically to minimize the float area, approximately 90% of the water level difference between upstream and downstream is spent on lowering the float. , only about 5% of the water level difference between upstream and downstream was used for the operating force to move the gate in the opening direction and closing direction, respectively, but in the present invention, the entire upstream and downstream water level difference is It is efficient because it acts as an operating force in the opening or closing direction of the gate.

In addition, in the conventional technology, the amount of descent of the float is limited by the water level difference between upstream and downstream, so the stroke of the float had to be about a fraction of that of the gate, but in the present invention, By adopting a float structure with a valve iso structure, the restrictions due to the water level difference between upstream and downstream on the descending stroke of the float are weakened, and the float can be set approximately to the stroke of the gate, so the planar area of the float is It is several tens of minutes lower than the conventional one, and is not only extremely economical, but is not limited by the type of gate.

■ By installing a flow rate control valve, the water level in the float chamber can be maintained close to the upstream water level, so even if the waterway flow rate decreases, the opening of the gate can be kept constant and the downstream water flow will not be interrupted. It does not interfere with water use downstream.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 show the automatic water level control gate of the present invention, of which FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway view of the automatic water level control gate, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway view of the automatic water level control gate, and FIG. A sectional view, 3rd
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a part corresponding to figure 2 with modification as an application example, figure 4 is a partially cutaway view of a conventional automatic water level control gate, and figure 5 is a cross section taken along the line V-V in figure 4. It is a diagram. l...Gate, 2,500...Upstream waterway,
3...Water port 4...Water level detection tank, 5...
・Downstream waterway, 7... Water guide tank, 9... Float, 10a... Water guide control port, 11a... Natural water guide port, 13... Communication pipe, 14a... Water flow control port, 15 ...Flow control valve, 15b...Connection culm. 15d...Water level detection floating body, 16a...Communication port, 26a...Water supply pipe, 28...Outflow suppression valve. Patent applicant Toyokuni 6...Water inlet 8...Float chamber, 10...Water pipe, 11...Natural water pipe, 12...Aeration device, 14...Water pipe, 14b... Natural water flow port, 15a...flow control valve body. 15c...Packkin 16...Containment tank 26...Water refilling device, 26b...Water tank, Industrial stocks (2 idiots)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A water level detection tank is connected to the water channel on the side where the water level is to be controlled, either upstream or downstream of the gate, a water guide tank is communicated with the water channel on the opposite side, and the float chamber is used for water guide control. The water level detection tank is communicated with the water level detection tank via the port, and the water guide tank is communicated with the water guide tank via the natural water inlet, and most of the float stored in the float chamber is connected to the water level detection tank via the water flow control port. The tank communicates with the water guiding tank via a natural water opening, and the water guiding and regulating ports are opened and closed in opposite directions by a floating body floating on the water surface of the water level detection tank. An automatic water level control gate characterized in that the gate is opened and closed by a float to control the water level of a waterway. (2) The float chamber is configured to communicate with the water guide tank through the water replenishment device, the water level detection tank, and the water leak port, and the natural water guide port is opened and closed by an outflow control valve that works with the gate. Claim No. (1) characterized in that
Automatic water level control gate as described in section.