JPH02162197A - Switching device of gyroscopic flight for gyro-jet passenger helicopter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform the takeoff and landing as a helicopter and the horizontal flight via jet injection by stopping a hovering engine of the helicopter during the horizontal flight and switching it to a propelling engine. CONSTITUTION:A gyro-jet passenger helicopter takes off with a hovering engine 30, the helicopter flight is switched to the auto-gyroscopic flight to perform the automatic-rotation rotor rotation flight, upper and lower rotors 15 are reversely rotated by a rotation face changing device and a pitch changing device via the structure of a five-stage gyro-drum 5, and both actions are concurrently changed or separately and periodically changed as required. A free changing device is provided. The hovering engine 30 and a propelling jet engine 16 are switched during the horizontal flight, at the same time the rotation face and the pitch are changed. The hovering is switched to the gas injection propulsion, the reversed rotor 15 with wide blades is rotated, and the helicopter obtain the dynamic lift of the automatic rotation flight and performs the high-speed flight via the jet gas injection.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention eliminates the drawbacks of each of the three models by combining an airplane, an autogyro, and a helicopter in the most rational manner, and incorporates the features of each model. With this combination structure, during horizontal flight, the jet engine dedicated to propulsion can be switched to enable high-speed flight, and during takeoff and landing, vertical takeoff and landing is possible using the hovering lift engine, making it possible to fly even in narrow spaces. Since passengers can take off and arrive at a nearby gyroport without having to proceed to a faraway airport, it will be very convenient for passengers.

(b) Conventional technology A jet passenger plane is an aircraft designed to carry many people and fly far and quickly, while a helicopter ascends vertically from a narrow space to take pictures from above. It is used for various purposes such as lifting objects, rescue, and communication, but both have great features and
There is a big drawback.

Therefore, in the future, we will eliminate the drawbacks of both, and
What is needed is a new aircraft with performance designed that incorporates the best features of both.

・・・・・・(c)・・・・・・ Problem that the invention aims to solve Passenger safety is the first priority for air transportation companies. Even though I say that, there are times when this is not actually the case.

Also, why do we fly airplanes even though there are excellent helicopters that can perform soft landings that are much safer than airplanes?

This is because, in addition to safety, air transportation companies cannot operate unless they are profitable. (This is because helicopters are slow and consume a lot of fuel.)

Therefore, there is a need for an aircraft designed to take off and land on the same edge, but use jet jets for horizontal flight.

・・・・・・(d)・・・・・・ Means to solve the problem Stop the hovering engine during horizontal flight of the helicopter and switch to the propulsion-only engine at the same time.

(E) (-) Function and Structure As shown in the lower drawings of Figures 4 and 5, the engagement of the upper and lower gear wheels [1] allows the engine to move from the hovering turboshaft engine (two left and right). The power is reversed by a device, and the two cylinders attached to this extend upward, and a large hub [5] called the fourth stage gyro is attached to the long cylinder main shaft. , A large hub is also attached to the short outer cylinder main shaft [8].

This hub (2) is attached in five stages of different sizes, and the -th stage hub drum is attached to the pitch-changing tube (2).

Additionally, six gyro shafts (■) are radially attached to each hub drum (■). Two round gimbal rings ■ are attached to the tips and centers of the six gyro shafts attached to the second and fourth gyro drums ■ (as shown in Figure 11). Six other gyro axes ■ that are not attached to the hub drum ■ are also attached to these two gimbal rings (second and fourth stage drums). Therefore, 12 gyro axes ■ are installed,
Insert the blade shaft [9] into this gyro shaft and secure it with small bold screws from all sides to prevent it from falling out. (This is because high-speed rotation produces strong centrifugal force).

Furthermore, a pitch changing arm O is attached to this blade shaft (2). Also, the ball at the tip of this arm has a pitch-
The changing rod [11] is mounted vertically, and the upper and lower ends of the rod are attached to the reversing plate band [12].

Therefore, 24 lots (■) are installed on the upper, middle, and lower plate strips [12]. Furthermore, six gyro shafts ■ are installed radially from the periphery of the −th stage hub drum (shown in Figure 7) and the third and third stage hub drums ■ (shown in Figure 8). A plate band 0 is attached to the tip of this gyro shaft, and the upper mounting plate band of the lower rod and the lower mounting plate band of the upper rod are combined with each other to form a reversing device (No. (shown in Figure 3).

24 pitch-change lots (■) are installed on the upper, middle, and lower plate bands. With this device, the pitch of the blade [15] is changed by the action of the attached pitch changing hydraulic cylinder 〇, which changes the pitch of the 24 upper and lower blades.

Furthermore, due to the structure of the gyro device in all three stages of drums, the rotating surface of the blades can be freely and periodically changed in any direction (front, back, left, or right) (as shown in Figure 6).

This three-stage action is achieved by the vertical action of the hydraulic cylinder for changing the rotational surface, which is installed from the side under the -th stage gyro drum (swash plate) with an extended arm.
The rotating surface of the gyro shaft (■) and the 24 upper and lower blades (■) attached in connection with this is a device that can be freely changed periodically (as shown in Figure 4).

In addition, the pitch of the 24 blades can be changed to normal pitch 1 or reverse pitch by the vertical action of pitch changing hydraulic cylinders 〇 installed on both sides of the reversing gear wheel [1]. Figure 4 is a side view of the valve at the zero pitch position, and Figure 5 is a side view of the valve lowered to the normal pitch of -30 degrees with zero oil pressure.

With the very complicated device described above, the blades (12 blades in the upper stage and 12 blades in the lower stage) are reversed, and the pitch can be changed, the rotation plane can be changed, and the pitch and rotation can be changed. It is a device that can periodically change the surface and the surface at the same time or separately.

Due to the structure of the hub drum and the reversing device, a large number of blades 0, which are thin, light, and have low air resistance, can be easily attached.

・・・・・・(E) Part 2・・・Practical Side noise (at a time when airplanes propelled by jet engines had not yet been invented)The autogyro had been invented, The autogyro flew by rotating a propeller with a reciprocating engine (piston type engine).

Therefore, this newly invented aircraft is a gyro jet passenger helicopter designed to be a reasonably good combination of an airplane, an autogyro, and a helicopter.

(f) - Effects of the invention (-) When switching to gyro flight during horizontal flight, it has the characteristics of a jet aircraft, such as high-speed flight due to jet injection and low fuel consumption, and does not require a long runway and can make a very safe soft landing in a narrow gyroport, allowing passengers to board with peace of mind at all times.

In addition, due to the performance of this gyro boat, new gyro boats were gradually built in various places, making it very convenient for passengers.
It is well predicted that the number of companies operating this high-speed gyro passenger helicopter will gradually increase.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows a fully assembled side view of a gyrojet passenger helicopter (52-seater design), its front view, and a front sectional view of its tail. The second figure is also a plan view of the gyro helicopter. The third figure is a side view of the gyro at each stage. Figure 4 is a side view of the hydraulic system. Figure 5 is a side view and a plan view of the lower part. Figure 6 is a side view of changing the rotation surface. Figure 7 is a plan view of the first stage gyro. Figure 8 is a plan view of the third stage gyro. Figure 9 is a plan view of the third stage gyro. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the left and right sides of the reverse plate band and its plan view. Figure 11 is a plan view of the lower opening. Figure 12 is a plan view of the upper opening. d. Names of drawings of each part ■ Reversing gear ■ Inner cylinder main shaft ■ Outer cylinder main shaft ■ Pitch changing cylinder ■ No. 1 buttram of gyro mechanism (installed in three stages, large and small) ■ Gyro top ■ Gyro shaft (
(6 axes attached radially from the hub drum) ■Gimbal ring (ring attached to the gyro axis) ■Blade shaft (12 on the upper stage and 12 on the lower stage) [F] Pi-Sochi change arm
0 pitch - changing rod (12 vertically installed elongated rods each on the top and bottom) ■ Reversing plate band Hydraulic cylinder for changing 0 pitch - Hydraulic cylinder for changing the rotational surface ■ Blade (
24 blades in total on the top and bottom) ■Jet engine for propulsion (autorotation flight engine) 0 Bearings (incorporated into each rotating part) 0 Bearings for uphill soil 0 Hublot [Phase] Inner hub drum ■The upper bearing is a cylinder (vertical) Stable cylinder) ■The lower bearing is a cylinder (stable cylinder) O rail (located in three locations, top, middle, and bottom) 0 hub drum's internal mounting reinforcing plate [Phase] Outer hub drum [Phase] Middle hub drum Horizontal mounting plate of 0 hub drum (top surface) [Phase] Reinforcement ring for reverse plate belt O Vertical drum with small hub attached C Turboshaft engine for hovering ■Blade shaft installation Small bold (four each) .

Claims (1)

[Claims] Two hovering engines mounted on the ceiling in the center of the fuselage of a new Gyro passenger helicopter (as shown in Figure 1).
A cylinder with a length of about 2.5 m extends upward from the rear part of the cylinder, and upper and lower gear wheels [2] are attached to the lower parts of the inner shaft [2] and the outer shaft [3].
1] (shown in Figure 4), the inner shaft and outer shaft are reversed by a hovering engine, and the second stage large hub drum [5] and the fourth stage large hub drum [5] are connected to this reversing shaft. 5] and six gyro shafts [7] (shown in Figure 11) are radially attached to both drums. Furthermore, two gimbal rings [8] are attached to the tips and the center of these six shafts [7], and the blade shafts [9] of the two blades [15] are attached to these two rings. ], insert one blade shaft [9] into each of the two gyro shafts [7] attached to the gimbal ring [8] at 30 degree intervals (as shown in Figure 11), Install radially. (The reversing rotor has a total of 24 blades on the top and bottom). Furthermore, a pitch changing arm [10] is attached to this blade shaft [9].
Attach the rod [11] vertically to the tip of this arm, and the upper and lower ends of this rod are connected to plate bands [12] with balls.
], and the lower plate band [12] to which 12 upper rods are attached and the upper plate band [12] to which 12 lower rods are also attached are engaged with each other. It is a device that reverses the rotation (with a bearing in it) (as shown in Figure 1). Furthermore, the rotation surface of the rotor [15] has been changed so that all five drums [5] are gyro devices. The tops [5] are attached through holes on all sides in each drum [5] of these five stages.
6] is a device that transmits rotation while freely tilting the outer hub drum [25] in all directions, or while tilting the outer hub drum [25]. Furthermore, pitch changing hydraulic cylinders [13] are attached to both sides of the reversing gear [1] slightly below this pitch changing cylinder [13] [this cylinder does not rotate]. Due to this left and right hydraulic action, the pitch change cylinder [4] moves up and down, and the drum [5] attached to it, the gyro shaft [7] attached to the third and fifth stages, and the plate band [12 ], the pitch of the 24 blades that rotate vertically can be changed by connecting rods [11] and the like. Furthermore, the rotation plane of the blade can be changed using hydraulic pressure [
14], it can be changed freely, and 1 of the second stage installation
The two blades and the 12 blades installed in the fourth stage are designed to rotate in opposite directions, allowing the rotation surface to be changed. Also, in the tail, a jet engine dedicated to rotational flight is installed in the center of the left and right horizontal stabilizers. ￥ It has a very complicated structure as shown above. When this new gyro passenger helicopter ascends with a hovering engine, switches from helicopter flight to autogyro flight, and performs autorotation rotor rotation flight, it uses a five-stage gyro drum structure to change the plane of rotation. The rotor is equipped with a free changing device that can change both functions at the same time, or separately and periodically as necessary, while the upper and lower rotors are reversing. ￥For this reason, during horizontal flight, the engine for hovering and the jet engine for propulsion are switched, and at the same time as this switch, the plane of rotation is changed (forward, 6 degrees), and the pitch is changed (reverse pitch - 2 degrees). ) (requires accurate switching), and by switching the gas injection propulsion, the 24-blade wide rotating rotor rotates on its own axis to obtain lift for autorotation flight, and jet gas injection A new gyrojet passenger helicopter's gyro flight switching device for high-speed flight. ￥