JPH02158689A - Fluid for traction drive - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject new liquid containing a specific branched olefin polymer (or its hydrogenated material), having high traction coefficient comparable to naphthenic compound, usable at a high temperature, having excellent fluidity at low temperature and available at a low cost. CONSTITUTION:The objective liquid contains a polymer of branched 8-16C olefin (preferably 2,4-dimethylheptene-1,4,6-dimethylheptene-1-2,4,6- trimethylnonene-1,4,6,8-trimethylnonene-1,2,4,4-trimethylpentene-1,2,4,4- trimethylpentene-2, etc.) and/or its hydrogenated material. Various grades having different viscosities can be easily prepared.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a novel traction drive fluid. More specifically, the present invention has a high traction coefficient comparable to naphthenic compounds, and is suitable for use in small and lightweight traction drives in continuously variable transmissions for automobiles, industrial machinery, hydraulic equipment, etc., and has a high oil temperature. This traction drive has excellent features, such as being able to be used at high temperatures because of its small drop in traction coefficient due to oxidation, having excellent low-temperature fluidity, being easily available in various viscosity grades, and being inexpensive. This relates to fluids for use.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, traction drives have been used in continuously variable transmissions for automobiles, industrial machinery, hydraulic equipment, etc. for power transmission or speed change because they have little vibration during movement and have high power transmission efficiency. device (rolling friction drive device) is used.

In this traction drive device, power is transmitted using the rolling friction that occurs when a liquid oil film hardens on the rolling friction surface, so the oil present in the contact area undergoes a reversible glass transition under high pressure. The power transmission effect on the rotating friction surface is large due to the increase in viscosity, and it has the property of returning to a fluid state immediately after leaving the contact surface.It also prevents direct contact between metal objects, and is compatible with general lubricating oil. It is required to have similar important functions such as rust prevention and cooling.

Furthermore, recently, the miniaturization and weight reduction of traction drive devices have been studied, especially for automotive applications, and accordingly, the traction drives used in the traction drive devices have been changing from low to high temperatures (-30
It has become necessary to have excellent performance over a wide temperature range (from +140°C), especially high traction coefficient even at high temperatures, and excellent thermal and oxidative stability.

Generally, the size of the traction drive device is 0.45° of the traction coefficient of the traction oil used.
It is said that the coefficient of traction is inversely proportional to the coefficient of traction (Monsanto Co., Ltd. technical data, IC/FP-28R), and the higher the minimum traction coefficient in the operating temperature range of the traction oil used, the smaller and lighter the traction drive device can be.

Conventionally, various compounds have been proposed for use in traction oil (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-338,
(Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-339, etc.), among these compounds, for example, those with low viscosity near room temperature have a marked decrease in traction coefficient at high temperatures, and conversely, those with high traction coefficients at high temperatures have low viscosity near room temperature. The viscosity increases, and as the temperature decreases, the viscosity increases significantly.
Poor fluidity may result in large stirring losses,
Or, it has drawbacks such as problems with manufacturing costs,
It was not always completely satisfactory.

For example, naphthenic compounds (compounds with a cyclohexane ring) that are generally said to have a high traxxicone coefficient.
has problems in terms of low-temperature fluidity and manufacturing cost, and since it is a single compound, it is necessary to prepare several types of compounds in order to prepare products with various viscosity grades. Polyisobutylene, which is an olefin oligomer, is known as being superior in terms of production and production cost, and easily available in various viscosity grades. It has major drawbacks in terms of performance, which is most required as a traction oil, such as a large drop in traction coefficient due to temperature rise.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of conventional traction oils, has a high traxicon coefficient comparable to that of naphthenic compounds, and is capable of preventing a decrease in the traxicon coefficient due to an increase in oil temperature. We provide a fluid for Trakunyon drive that has excellent characteristics such as being small and can be used at high temperatures, having excellent low-temperature fluidity, being easily available in various viscosity grades, and being inexpensive. something made for the purpose of doing something.

[Means to solve the problem]

As a result of extensive research in order to develop a traction drive fluid having the above-mentioned excellent characteristics, the present inventors have discovered a mono-branched polymer of sushi fin having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and its hydrogenated product. The inventors have discovered that scales containing the following are suitable for the purpose, and have completed the present invention based on this knowledge.

That is, the present invention provides a traction drive fluid containing a mono-branched olefin polymer having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and/or a hydrogenated product thereof.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

Regarding the olefin that is the raw material for the olefin polymer and its hydrogenated product used in the tracunyon drive fluid of the present invention, there are particular restrictions on the olefin as long as it has branches and has a carbon number in the range of 8 to 16. Instead, it may be an α-olefin or an internal olefin, but dimers to tetramers of inbutylene and trimers to pentamers of propylene are particularly preferably used. Specific examples of such reflexions include 2,4-dimethyl-hebutene-1゜4,6-dimethyl-hebutene-1,2,4,6-)limethylnonene-1,4,6,8-1limethylnonene. -1, 2, 4,
Examples include 4-trimethyl-pentene-1,2,4,4-trimethyl-pentene-2. One type of these olefins may be used for polymerization, or two or more types of these olefins may be used in combination for polymerization.

There are no particular restrictions on the method of polymerizing these olefins, and any method can be selected from among the methods conventionally used for polymerizing olefins, such as radical polymerization, cationic polymerization, coordination anionic polymerization, and radiation polymerization. Can be done.

These polymerization methods may be carried out in the absence of a solvent,
When a solvent is used, examples of the solvent include saturated aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and methylcyclohexane, benzene,
Examples include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, and tetralin, and chlorine organic solvents such as methylene chloride and carbon tetrachloride. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In the radical polymerization method, as a radical polymerization initiator, for example, peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, di-butyl peroxide, and cumene hydroperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, methyl azobisisobutyrate, azobis-
Azo compounds such as 2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile are preferably used.

Catalysts used in cationic polymerization and coordination anionic polymerization include, for example, white earths such as activated clay and acid clay, fuming sulfuric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen fluoride, chlorosulfonic acid, and fluorosulfonic acid. mineral acid, p
-r-Organic acids such as luenesulfonic acid and trisulfonic acid, aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, stannic chloride, boron trifluoride, boron tribromide, aluminum bromide, gallium chloride, gallium bromide, Lewis acids such as titanium tetrachloride,
Solid acids such as zeolite, silica-alumina, and ion exchange resins, or sulfuric acid, aluminum chloride, boron trifluoride, aluminum bromide, antimony pentafluoride, etc., can be used to convert silica-alumina, silica-titania, silica-zirconia, titania-zirconia, etc. Those supported on titania, alumina, zirconia, etc., solid super strong acids such as fluorinated sulfonic acid resins, and organic aluminum compounds such as triethylaluminum, diethylaluminum chloride, and ethylaluminum dichloride are used.

Here, when using mineral acids, organic acids, Lewis acids, solid acids, sulfuric acid, etc. exemplified above supported on silica-alumina, or highly active catalysts such as solid super strong acids and organoaluminum compounds, It is preferable to use a saturated aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent or a chlorinated organic solvent.

The polymerization temperature varies depending on the polymerization method and catalyst used, but
The temperature is usually selected appropriately within the range of -70 to +180°C.

The olefin polymer thus obtained is washed,
It may be purified and used as it is as a traction drive fluid, or it may be distilled and separated to obtain a desired viscosity and used, and if further stability is required, it may be hydrogenated before use. The viscosity of this polymer is 40°C.
The kinematic viscosity at a temperature of 4 to 500 centistokes is desirable.

When hydrogenating the olefin polymer, a solvent can be used as desired. In this case, as a solvent, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-pentane, n-hexane, decane, and dodecane, and saturated alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and decalin can be used. can. These solvents are 1
A species may be used, or two or more species may be used in combination.

Further, as the hydrogenation catalyst, one containing one or more metals such as nickel, ruthenium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, iridium, copper, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, and tungsten is preferably used.

Further, the reaction temperature is usually selected in the range of room temperature to 300°C, preferably 40 to 200°C, while the reaction pressure is usually normal pressure to 200 kg/cm"G.

It is preferably selected within the range of normal pressure to 100 ky/cm-G.

In the traction drive fluid of the present invention, the olefin polymer or hydrogenated product thereof obtained as described above may be used alone, or a mixture thereof may be used. The polymer and/or its hydrogenated product may be blended with other oils. When blended with other oils, the content of the olefin polymer and/or its hydrogenated product is desirably 5% by weight or more, preferably 20% by weight or more based on the total weight of the blend.

Examples of the other oils include not only those conventionally used as traction drive fluids but also those that have low traction performance and are not put to practical use when used alone. Examples of such substances include mineral oils such as paraffinic mineral oils, naphthenic mineral oils, and intermediate mineral oils, alkylbenzenes, polybutenes, polysigma-based fins, esters, esters, and ethers. I can name things. Among them, alkylbenzenes, polybutenes, and synthetic naphthenes are preferred. The synthetic naphthene has two cyclohexane rings.
an alkane derivative having one or more decalin rings and one or more cyclohexane rings, an alkane derivative having two or more decalin rings, and a structure in which two or more cyclohexane rings or decalin rings are directly bonded. Compounds, specifically, l-cyclohexyl-1-decarylethane, 1,3-dicyclohexyl-3-methylbutane, 2,4-dicyclohexylpentane, 1,2-bis(methylcyclohexyl)-2 -Methylpropane, 1.1bis(methylcyclohexyl)-
2-methylpropane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2-
Examples include methylpentane, hydrogenated limonene dimer, hydrogenated vinylene dimer, and hydrogenated camphenene dimer.

The viscosity of the traction drive fluid of the present invention is 4
Desirably, the kinematic viscosity at a temperature of 0°C is in the range of 4 to 500 centistokes.

The traction drive fluid of the present invention optionally includes:
Various additives conventionally used in traction oils, such as antioxidants, to the extent that the purpose of the present invention is not impaired,
Rust preventive agent, detergent dispersant, pour point depressant, viscosity index improver,
Extreme pressure agents, anti-wear additives, anti-fatigue agents, antifoaming agents, oiliness improvers, colorants, etc. can be added.

[Example 1] Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
The present invention is not limited in any way by these examples.

Example 1 A stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel, and a calcium chloride drying tube were attached to a 1Q four-bottle flask, and while replacing the inside of the flask with argon, methylene chloride 2009 and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid 259 were charged, and then dry ice- While cooling to -50°C in a methanol bath and stirring,
550 g of diisobutylene was added dropwise over 4 hours, and after the dropwise addition was completed, the mixture was further stirred for 1 hour. Next, after returning the temperature to room temperature, washing with water, washing with NaOH aqueous solution, washing with saturated saline solution,
The mixture was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent, methylene chloride, was distilled off using a rotary evaporator to obtain a reaction residue.

This reaction residual liquid 5509 and a nickel catalyst for hydrogenation (manufactured by JGC Chemical Co., Ltd., NN-113) 20 were placed in an ill autoclave, and the reaction temperature was 160°C at a hydrogen pressure of 50 kg/cra'' for 3 hours. Hydrogenation was performed.

After cooling, the catalyst was filtered and analyzed, and the hydrogenation rate was 9.
It was over 9%.

This hydrogenated product was distilled to obtain a boiling point fraction of 310 to 340°C (f-
1 fraction) 1409 and a fraction with a boiling point of 340°C or higher (fraction f-2) 2509 were obtained.

The properties of these fractions are shown in Table 1.
The traction coefficient measured in the temperature range is shown in FIG.

The traction coefficient was measured using a 2-cylindrical friction tester. That is, adjacent cylinders of the same size (
52m shoulder diameter, 6III11 thickness, the driven side is a tyco type with a radius of curvature of ioam, the driving side is a flat type without crowning), one side is rotated at a constant speed (1500 rpm), and the other is rotated continuously from 150 Orpm to 175 Orpm, A load of 7 to 9 was applied to the contact portion of both cylinders by a spring, and the tangential force generated between the two cylinders, that is, the traction force, was measured to determine the traction coefficient. The cylinder was made of bearing steel 5UJ-2 mirror finished and had a maximum Hertzian contact pressure of 112 kgt/mra''.

In addition, in measuring the relationship between the traction coefficient and oil temperature, the oil temperature was varied from 40°C to 140°C by heating the oil tank with a heater, and the relationship between the traction coefficient and oil temperature at a slip rate of 5% was measured. This is a plot of the relationship.

The traction coefficient was measured in the same manner in the following Examples and Comparative Examples.

Table 1 Comparative Example 1 Kinematic viscosity: 30 cSt% at 40°C 4.5 c at 100°C
The traction coefficient of polybutene OH [manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.] having a viscosity index of 55 and a pour point of -50'C was measured at a temperature in the range of 40 to 140C. The results are shown in FIG.

Example 2 A stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel, and a calcium chloride drying tube were attached to a No. 11 four-roof flask, and 50 cc of boron trifluoride-ethyl ether complex was added thereto, and 20 to 30 ml of diisobutylene 4009 was added while stirring. It was added dropwise over 2 hours at °C, and after the addition was completed, it was stirred for an additional hour. It was confirmed by analysis that this reaction solution had a composition consisting of 5% by weight of unreacted diisobutylene and 95% by weight of the 2Ik form of diisobutylene produced.

Next, 300 cc of hexane and 109 cc of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid were placed in a 4-liter flask, and the reaction solution was added dropwise thereto over 2 hours at a temperature of -20°C to -20°C while stirring. Stir for hours. Then,
After returning the reaction solution to room temperature, post-treatment, hydrogenation, and distillation were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain fraction 1 with a boiling point of 310°C or higher.
Obtain 80g.

The properties of this fraction are shown below.

Kinematic viscosity near 8.83cSt/40℃ 6.505c/100℃ Viscosity index knee 48 Specific weight: O, 825B Refractive index: 1.4575 Pour point knee 27.5℃ The mixture was added dropwise, and after the addition was completed, the mixture was further stirred for 4 hours.

Thereafter, post-treatment, hydrogenation, and distillation were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain fraction 1509 with a boiling point of 325°C or higher.

The properties of this fraction are shown below.

Kinematic viscosity: 36.0OcSt/40°C5,238c/
100°C Viscosity index: 62 Specific gravity: 0.8253 Refractive index: 1.4574 Pour point knee 52.5°C In addition, the results of the traction coefficient measured at temperatures in the range of 40 to 140°C are shown in Figure 1. .

Example 3 A stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel, and a calcium chloride drying tube were attached to an ill four-loaf flask, and 10 methylene chloride was added.
0 cc and 50 cc of boron trifluoride-1,5 water complex (manufactured by Hashimoto Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and 400 cc of propylene trimer.
The traction coefficients measured at cc for 1 hour at 40-50°C and at temperatures in the range 40-140°C are shown in Figure 2.

Comparative Example 2 Kinematic viscosity is 32 cSt at 40°C and 5.9 c at 100°C
The traction coefficient of a commercially available a-old fin oligomer [decene-1 oligomer manufactured by Nissho Berol Co., Ltd., PAOL60] with a viscosity index of 130 and a pour point of 40°C or less is 40 to 100°C. Measured at temperatures in the range of . The results are shown in FIG.

Example 4 Diisobutylene was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the reaction was carried out at O'C. After post-treatment, vacuum distillation was performed to obtain 210 g of a fraction with a boiling point of 310' O or higher (unhydrogenated). thing)
I got it. The properties of this material are shown below.

Kinematic viscosity: 67.18cSt/40℃ 5.998c/l 00℃ Viscosity index knee 47 Specific gravity: 0.8301 Refractive index +1.4636 Pour point knee 30-0℃ Also, temperature in the range of 40 to 140℃ Figure 3 shows the tracunyon coefficient measured in .

Example 5 The boiling point was 310° C. in the same manner as in Example 1, except that instead of diynbutylene 5509, SOOG, a mixture of 72% by weight of diisobutylene, 25% by weight of triisobutylene, and 3% by weight of tetraisobutylene, was used. The above fraction 3209 (hydrogenated product) was obtained. The properties of this material are shown below.

Kinematic viscosity: 154.4cSt/40°C 9,069c/100°C Viscosity index knee 55 Specific gravity +0.8339 Refractive index: 1.4614 Pour point knee 22.5°C Also, temperature in the range of 40 to 140°C Figure 3 shows the tracunyon coefficient measured in .

[Effects of the Invention] The traction drive fluid of the present invention contains a polymer of monobranched carbon fiber having a specific number of carbon atoms and its hydrogenated product, and has a high traction coefficient comparable to that of naphthenic compounds. It also has a small drop in traction coefficient due to increases in oil temperature, so it can be used at high temperatures, has excellent low-temperature fluidity, is easily available in various viscosity grades, and is inexpensive. It has excellent characteristics and is suitably used for compact and lightweight traction drives in continuously variable transmissions for automobiles, industrial machinery, hydraulic equipment, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 are graphs showing the relationship between traction oil temperature and traction coefficient in Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention, respectively. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A traction drive fluid comprising a branched olefin polymer having 8 to 16 carbon atoms and/or a hydrogenated product thereof.