JPH02158423A - Power transmission for all-wheel-drive vehicle and usage thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep off any drag pehnomenon in a rear wheel at the inside in the turning direction by installing a clutch, being turned to an off-state at time of turning of a vehicle by use of a pull brake, between a distributor distributing engine power to the side of both front and rear wheels and a front side differential gear. CONSTITUTION:In an all-wheel-drive vehicle, engine power is distributed in front and in the rear by a distributor 42, and the distributed power is transmitted to symmetrical front wheels 12, 14 and rear wheels 16, 18 subsequently by way of respective differential gears 44, 50 in front and in the rear. These symmetrical rear wheels 16, 18 are provided with brakes 20, 22 which are made so as to be independently operated by each of symmetrical brake pedals 24, 26. In this case, a magnetic clutch 43 is installed interposingly between the distributor 42 and the front side differential gear 44, and its on-off state is selected in relation to an operating state of respective brakes 20, 22. In brief, when either side of these brakes 20, 22 is operated and at time of running at high speed or the like, this magnetic clutch 43 is controlled so as to be selected to the off-state.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a power transmission device and method of use for an all-wheel drive vehicle such as an agricultural four-wheel drive vehicle such as a speed sprayer, and more specifically, a single brake brake system. The present invention relates to a power transmission device for an all-wheel drive vehicle that can improve turning during use, and a method of using the same.

[Conventional technology]

In agricultural four-wheel drive vehicles such as speed sprayers, in order to reduce the turning radius as much as possible, the left and right rear axles can be braked independently with the left and right brakes, and when turning, only the inner rear wheel in the turning direction is braked. Single brake is used.

In this case, there are differential gears between the left and right front wheels and between the left and right rear wheels, so when turning with one brake, the rotational speed relationship between the left and right front wheels and the rotational speed relationship between the left and right rear wheels. is optimized in each differential gear, but the rotational speed relationship between the front and rear wheels is not optimized, resulting in an unreasonable distribution of the overall rotational speed including the front and rear wheels. The rear wheel of the vehicle being dragged is dragged, digging, digging, and piling soil, causing damage to the field and increasing the turning radius.

Therefore, in known agricultural four-wheel drive vehicles, when the steering angle exceeds a predetermined range, the speed increasing ratio on the front axle side is set to approximately 2, the rotational speed of the front wheels is doubled from the normal state, and the rotational speed of each wheel is increased. The relationship is being rationalized.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Setting the speed increase ratio to approximately 2 and making the rotational speed of the front wheels twice the rotational speed in the normal state increases the vehicle speed when turning, which impairs drivability. In addition, when the steering wheel is turned gradually and the rotation speed of the front wheels suddenly doubles as soon as the specified range is exceeded, it gives a big psychological shock to the driver.
Unfavorable for safe driving. Furthermore, adding a transmission between the distributor and the front differential gear complicates the structure of the power transmission device and increases cost.

The object of the invention of claims 1 to 4 is to reduce the speed of the front and rear wheels during a turn without increasing the vehicle speed when turning and without suddenly changing the vehicle speed when the steering angle of the steering wheel exceeds a predetermined range. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power transmission device for an all-drive vehicle capable of optimizing the distribution of rotational speed between wheels and a method for using the same.

Another object of the invention is to provide a power transmission device for an all-wheel drive vehicle that does not require the addition of an expensive and complicated transmission, and a method for using the same.

In addition to the above, an object of the invention as claimed in claim 3 is to reduce driving loss of the drive shaft during high-speed travel.

The object of the invention of claim 4 is, in addition to the object of the invention of claim 3, when braking an all-wheel drive vehicle while traveling at high speed.
The purpose is to be able to apply good brakes.

[Means to solve the problem]

The invention will be described using reference numerals in the drawings that correspond to the embodiments.

According to the power transmission device for an all-wheel drive vehicle (10), which is the premise of claim 1, engine rotational power is distributed to the front and rear by the distributor (42), and the engine rotational power distributed to the front side is transmitted to the front differential gear (42). 44) to the left and right front wheels (12, 1, 4), and the engine rotational power distributed to the rear is transferred to the rear differential gear (50).
The signal is transmitted to the left and right rear wheels (16, 18) via the left brake (20) and the right brake (22).
16, 18) can be braked independently. A clutch (43) is connected between the distributor (42) and the front differential gear (44), and the clutch (43) can be connected or disconnected depending on the operating state of the left brake (20) and the right brake (22). There is.

According to the usage of claim 2, the all-wheel drive vehicle of claim 1 (
10) In the power transmission device, the left brake (20)
According to the method of claim 3, which is characterized in that the clutch (43) is used when only one of the left and right brakes (22) is operating, the method of claim 2 further includes: According to the method of use according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the clutch (43) (4
3) Switch from the disconnected state to the connected state.

[Effect]

In the invention of claims 1 and 2, the distributor (42) and the rear differential gear (50) are always maintained in a connected relationship, and the engine rotational power distributed to the rear side in the distributor (42) is transmitted to the rear differential gear. Gear (5
0). On the other hand, the engine rotational force distributed to the front side in the 1st distributor (42) is
3) is in the engaged state, the transmission is transmitted to the front differential gear (44), and when the clutch (43) is in the disengaged state, the transmission to the front differential gear (44) is blocked, and the transmission is transmitted to the front differential gear (44) on the left and right front wheels (12). , 14) are in a free rotating state. All-wheel drive vehicle (10
), the clutch (43) is in a disengaged state, and the front wheels (12, 14) can freely rotate without receiving rotational power from the engine. Also, since the rear wheel (16 or 18) on the inside in the turning direction is almost at a standstill, the front @ (
12, 14) is the outer rear wheel (16 or 18) in the turning direction
The rotational speed of each axle during turning is optimized by using a single brake.

In the invention of claim 3, when the all-wheel drive vehicle (1o) runs at high speed, the clutch (43) is disengaged and the front wheels (12) are disengaged.
, 14) are cut off from transmitting the rotational power from the distributor (42) and are in a free rotating state, and the all-wheel drive vehicle (1o) travels under the drive of the rear @(16, 18).

In the invention of claim 4, when the left brake (2o) and the right brake (22) are activated for braking while the all-wheel drive vehicle (1o) is running at high speed, the clutch (43) is switched from the disconnected state to the connected state. The front differential gear (44) and the distributor (42) are connected to each other. As a result, the front wheels (12, 14) and the rear wheels (16, 18) are both connected to the distributor (42), and the front wheels (12, 18) are connected to the distributor (42).
4) and the rear wheels (16, 18) are all braked.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

The drawing shows a speed sprayer 10 equipped with a one-sided brake mechanism.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a drive system of FIG. Speed spray paint 0 left front wheel 12, right front wheel 14, left rear wheel 16 and right rear @
18 as a drive shaft, and the left brake 20 and the right brake 22 are respectively connected to the left rear wheel 16 and the right rear @18.
It is operated independently by the operator using the left brake pedal z4 and the right brake pedal 26 in the driver's seat. The steering wheel 28 is connected via a steering link 30 to the left front wheel 12 and the right front wheel 14, which also serve as steering shafts, and the left front wheel 1+! +2 and the right front wheel 14 are steered. The rotational power of the engine 32 is transmitted through a manual transmission 3 whose reduction ratio can be manually changed by an operator in the driver's seat.
4. It is sent to the distributor 42 via the universal joint 36, propeller shaft 38, and universal joint 40, and is distributed to the front and rear. The engine rotational power distributed to the front side of the distributor 42 is transmitted to the front differential gear 44 via the electromagnetic clutch 43, and is further distributed to the left and right by the front differential gear 44, and is then distributed to the left front axle 46 and the right front axle 4.
8 to the left front wheel 12 and right front wheel 14.

The engine rotational power distributed to the rear side of the distributor 42 is transmitted to the rear differential gear 50, where it is distributed to the left and right, and transmitted to the left rear wheel 1 via the left rear axle 52 and the right rear axle 54.
6 and the right rear wheel 18. The left brake sensor 56 and the right brake sensor 58 detect whether the left brake pedal 24 and the right brake pedal 26 are depressed, respectively, that is, whether the left brake 2o and the right brake 22 are activated, respectively. The vehicle speed sensor 6o is connected to the left front axle 46 and the right front axle 48.
The vehicle speed of the Subito sprayer 10 is detected based on the rotational speed of the vehicle. The controller 62 receives detection signals from the left brake sensor 56, right brake sensor 58, and vehicle speed sensor 60, controls the energization state of the electromagnetic clutch 43 based on these signals, and switches the electromagnetic clutch 43 between disengagement and engagement.

The operation of the embodiment will be explained.

Engine rotational power from the engine 32 is distributed to the front and rear in the distributor 42. Since the distributor 42 and the rear differential gear 50 are always connected, the engine rotational power distributed to the rear side in the distributor 42 is
The signal is transmitted to the rear differential gear 50, distributed to the left and right in the rear differential gear 50, and transmitted to the left rear wheel 16 and the right rear wheel 18 via the left rear axle 52 and the right rear axle 54, respectively. The distributor 42 and the front differential gear 44 are in a connected relationship when the electromagnetic clutch 43 is in the engaged state, and
When the electromagnetic clutch 43 is in a disconnected state, it is in a non-connected relationship.

When turning the speed sprayer 10 using one brake, the operator depresses the left brake pedal 24 and the right brake pedal 26, whichever corresponds to the inner side in the turning direction,
One of the left brake 20 and the right brake 22 is operated. The controller 62 detects that one of the left brake pedal 24 and the right brake pedal 26 is depressed from the detection signals of the left brake sensor 56 and the right brake sensor 58, and disengages the electromagnetic clutch 43. Thereby, the right front shaft 12 and the right front shaft 14 can freely rotate without receiving rotational power from the engine. Also, since the one on the inside in the turning direction of the right rear wheel 16 and the right rear wheel 18 is almost at a standstill, the right front shaft 12 and the right front shaft 14 are It rotates at almost the same speed as the one on the outside in the turning direction, and the left front 11
! 12, right front axle 14, right rear wheel 16, and right rear wheel 18
Of the left front wheel 12 and the right front @ 14, the one on the outside in the turning direction is suppressed, and the left rear wheel 16 and the right rear wheel 18 on the inside in the turning direction (this is the one on the inside in the turning direction) (The robot is at a standstill without causing any turbulence.) A constant radius is drawn around the center, which reduces the minimum turning radius.

When the speed sprayer 10 travels at high speed, the controller 6
2 detects this based on the input signal from the vehicle speed sensor 60, and disengages the electromagnetic clutch 43 in the same way as when turning using one-sided brake, and the left front @ 12 and right front axle 14
The transmission of rotational power from the distributor 42 is cut off, and the speed sprayer 10 is in a free rotating state, and the speed sprayer 10 is moved to the left rear @1.
6 and the right rear wheel 18.

When the left brake 20 and the right brake 22 are both activated for braking while the sprayer 1 to sprayer 10 are running at high speed, the controller 62 switches the electromagnetic clutch 43 from the disengaged state to the engaged state, and the front differential gear '114
and the distributor 42 are in a connected state. As a result, the right front axle 12, the right front axle 14, the left rear wheel 16, and the right rear wheel 1
8 is connected, and all wheels 12, 14, 16 .
A brake is applied at 18, and the speed of the speed sprayer]0 quickly decreases.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In the invention of claims 1 to 4, the connection between the distributor and the front differential gear can be controlled by a clutch, and when the vehicle is turning using one brake, the clutch is disengaged and the engine rotational power is sent only to the rear shaft. is transmitted, and the front wheels are allowed to rotate freely. Therefore, while the rear wheel on the inside in the turning direction is almost stopped, the rear wheel on the outside in the turning direction rotates at almost the same rotational speed as the front wheel, and each axle is rotated at a rotational speed suitable for turning while suppressing slippage. It can be rotated. Therefore, the rear wheel on the inner side in the turning direction is prevented from being dragged, and it is possible to avoid destroying the field.

In the invention of Claims 1 to 4, in order to optimize the rotational speed relationship of each vehicle 11* during turning, the rotational speed of the front axle is not increased from normal, but the connection between the front wheels and the distributor is disconnected. Since the front wheels are allowed to rotate freely, the vehicle speed does not increase when turning, making driving safer.

In the invention of claims 1 to 4, when the steering angle of the steering wheel exceeds a predetermined range, the rotational speed of the front wheels does not suddenly increase, but the rotational speed of the rear wheels suddenly increases at the start of a turn using one brake. Since the turning is performed by driving only the rear wheels while preventing any changes in the vehicle, the psychological impact on the driver can be reduced and safe driving can be improved.

In the inventions of claims 1 to 4, an expensive transmission for changing the speed ratio is not used, and a clutch is provided that simply switches connection and disconnection and is cheaper than a transmission, so the structure is simple. At the same time, the cost can be reduced to 1.

According to the third aspect of the invention, while driving at high speed, the connection between the distributor and the front differential gear is broken by the clutch, and the vehicle is driven only by the rear axle, so there is no drive loss in the front wheels, and the Fuel consumption can be reduced.

In the invention of claim 4, in the invention of claim 3, when both the left brake and the right brake are activated in order to brake the vehicle while driving at high speed, the clutch is engaged and the front shaft is connected to the distributor. Since the system is connected, all wheels can be used to apply the brakes, providing excellent braking to vehicles traveling at high speeds.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a configuration diagram of a drive system of a speed sprayer equipped with a one-sided brake mechanism. 10...Speed sprayer (all-wheel drive vehicle), 12.
...Left front axle (front axle), 14...Right front axle (front wheel),
16...Left rear wheel (rear wheel), 18...Right side @ (rear 1lQ), 20...Left side brake, 22...Right side brake, 42...Distributor, 43...Electromagnetic clutch(
clutch), 44...front differential gear,
50... Rear differential gear. Left front wheel (front wheel) Right front wheel (front wheel) Left rear wheel (rear wheel) Right rear wheel (rear wheel) Left brake Right brake Engine distributor Electromagnetic clutch (clutch) Front differential gear Rear differential gear ■ 4° procedural correction band ( Spontaneous) January 27, 1989 Director General of the Japan Patent Office Yoshi 1) Indication of the case of Takeshi Moon 1988 Patent Application No. 311930 Title of invention All @ Case of a person who amends the power transmission device of a drive vehicle and its method of use Relationship with Patent applicant name Maruyama Seisakusho Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Engine rotational power is distributed to the front and rear by a distributor (42), and the engine rotational power distributed to the front side passes through a front differential gear (44) to the left and right front wheels (12
, 14) and distributed to the rear side, the engine rotational power is transmitted to the left and right rear wheels (16, 18) via the rear differential gear (50), and the left brake (2
0) and the right side brake (22) are connected to the left and right rear wheels (16, 1
8), in which the left brake (20) and the right brake (20) can be independently braked;
22), a clutch (43) that can be switched on/off depending on the operating state of the wheel is connected between the distributor (42) and the front differential gear (44). Drive vehicle power transmission device. (2) The all-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the clutch (43) is disengaged when only one of the left brake (20) and the right brake (22) is operating. How to use the power transmission device. (3) The method of use according to claim 2, wherein the clutch (43) is disengaged when traveling at high speed. (4) The clutch (43) is switched from a disengaged state to an engaged state when both the left brake (20) and the right brake (22) are activated during high-speed driving. How to use.