JPH02144553A - Toner for electrophotography - Google Patents
Toner for electrophotographyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02144553A JPH02144553A JP63297825A JP29782588A JPH02144553A JP H02144553 A JPH02144553 A JP H02144553A JP 63297825 A JP63297825 A JP 63297825A JP 29782588 A JP29782588 A JP 29782588A JP H02144553 A JPH02144553 A JP H02144553A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- carbon black
- surface area
- specific surface
- oil absorption
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 42
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 Furthermore Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-N-[8-[[8-(4-aminoanilino)-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]amino]-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]-8-N,10-diphenylphenazin-10-ium-2,8-diamine hydroxy-oxido-dioxochromium Chemical compound O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.Nc1ccc(Nc2ccc3nc4ccc(Nc5ccc6nc7ccc(Nc8ccc9nc%10ccc(Nc%11ccccc%11)cc%10[n+](-c%10ccccc%10)c9c8)cc7[n+](-c7ccccc7)c6c5)cc4[n+](-c4ccccc4)c3c2)cc1 FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100021879 Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710137132 Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003464 asthenopia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0902—Inorganic compounds
- G03G9/0904—Carbon black
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、電子写真において潜像を現像する〈従来の技
術〉
電子写真装置における静電荷像現像における現像用トナ
ーとしては、キャリヤを使用しない１成分系、あるいは
キャリヤを使用する２成分系トナーが用いられている。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention develops a latent image in electrophotography. <Prior Art> A carrier is not used as a developing toner in developing an electrostatic image in an electrophotographic device. One-component toner or two-component toner using a carrier is used.
このうち１成分系トナーでは、樹脂中に磁性粉に加え、
さらに着色剤ないし抵抗制御剤としてカーボンブラック
を含有させている。Among these, one-component toners include magnetic powder in the resin,
Furthermore, carbon black is contained as a coloring agent or a resistance controlling agent.
カーボンブラックとしては、種々のものが使用されてい
るが、特公昭６０−３３２６４号公報では、ＢＥＴ法に
よる表面積８５０〜１５００ ｍ”／ｇ、特に約１００
０ ｍ”／ｇ、 Ｄ Ｂ Ｐ吸油量２８０〜５００ｉｊ
／１００ｇの多孔性カーボンブラックを含有する１成分
系トナーが開示されている。Various types of carbon black are used, but in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-33264, carbon black with a surface area of 850 to 1500 m"/g, especially about 100
0 m”/g, D B P oil absorption 280-500ij
A one-component toner containing porous carbon black of /100g is disclosed.
この公報によれば、このトナーは、かなり高い導電性を
示すにもかかわらず、現像器のスリーブ表面上である程
度のトリボ電荷を保持し、現像後トナー粉像を静電転写
できるとされている。 そして、高い画像濃度かえられ
る。According to this publication, although this toner exhibits fairly high conductivity, it retains a certain amount of triboelectric charge on the sleeve surface of the developing device, and is said to be able to electrostatically transfer a toner powder image after development. . And high image density can be achieved.
〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉
しかし、上記特公昭６０−３３２６４号公報記載のトナ
ーでは、トナー飛散による機内汚れが多く、トナー消費
量が増大し、連続複写によりカブリが増大することが判
明した。 また、階調性、解像力にも劣る。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, it has been found that with the toner described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-33264, there is a lot of dirt inside the machine due to toner scattering, the amount of toner consumption increases, and fog increases due to continuous copying. . It is also inferior in gradation and resolution.
本発明の主たる目的は、適度の画像濃度を保ちつつもト
ナー飛散や機内汚れが少なく、連続複写によってカブリ
が増大せず、トナー消費量の増大がなく、階調性および
解像力のすぐれた、ｌＩｉ！２分系電子写真用トナーを
提供することにある。The main objectives of the present invention are to provide an lIi image that maintains a suitable image density, has less toner scattering and dirt inside the machine, does not increase fog due to continuous copying, does not increase toner consumption, and has excellent gradation and resolution. ! An object of the present invention is to provide a bipartite electrophotographic toner.
く課題を解決するだめの手段〉
このような目的は、下記（１）の本発明によって達成さ
れる。Means for Solving the Problems> Such objects are achieved by the present invention as described in (1) below.
（１）樹脂と、磁性粉とを含有し、さらにＢＥＴ法によ
る比表面積６５０〜８３０ｍ”７ｇ、 Ｄ ＢＰ吸油量
３００〜５００ｍ１／ｌｏｏｇのカーボンブラックＡと
、ＢＥＴ法による比表面積１００〜２５０１！１”７ｇ
、 Ｄ Ｂ Ｐ吸油量５０〜１３０ｉ＋ｊ／１００ｇの
カーボンブラックＢとを、Ｂ／Ａの重量比で２０／８０
〜８０／２０の範囲で含有することを特徴とする電子写
真用トナー〈作用〉
本発明によれば、２種のカーボンブラックＡ、Ｂを併用
し、特にカーボンブラックＡＱＢＥＴ法による比表面積
を６５０〜８３０ ｍ２／ｇに設定することにより、臨
界的にトナー飛散や機内汚れが減少し、連続複写によっ
てもカブリの発生が少なく、トナー消費量が少なく、階
調性および解像力がすぐれている。(1) Carbon black A containing resin and magnetic powder, with a specific surface area of 650 to 830 m''7g by the BET method, and a DBP oil absorption of 300 to 500 m1/loog, and a specific surface area of 100 to 2501!1 by the BET method. "7g
, DBP carbon black B with an oil absorption of 50 to 130i+j/100g at a weight ratio of B/A of 20/80.
Electrophotographic toner characterized by a content in the range of ~80/20 <Function> According to the present invention, two types of carbon blacks A and B are used together, and in particular, the specific surface area of the carbon black according to the AQBET method is 650~80/20. By setting it to 830 m2/g, toner scattering and in-machine contamination are critically reduced, fogging is less likely to occur even during continuous copying, toner consumption is small, and gradation and resolution are excellent.
この場合、カーボンブラックＡのみを用いたときと比較
すると、トナー飛散や機内汚れが減少し、カブリが減少
し、さらには飽和画像濃度が下がり、目の疲労が少な（
なり、トナー消費量も少なくなる。 また、階調性が向
上し、中間調の再現性が向上する。In this case, compared to when only carbon black A is used, toner scattering and in-machine dirt are reduced, fog is reduced, saturated image density is reduced, and eye fatigue is reduced (
This also reduces toner consumption. Furthermore, gradation is improved and the reproducibility of intermediate tones is improved.
一方、カーボンブラックＢのみを用いたときと比較して
、画像濃度が向上する。On the other hand, image density is improved compared to when only carbon black B is used.
く具体的構成〉 以下、本発明の具体的構成について詳細に説明する。Specific composition> Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the present invention will be explained in detail.
本発明に用いるカーボンブラックＡは、ＢＥＴ法（窒素
吸着法）ににる比表面積が６５０〜８３０ ｍ”７ｇの
ものである７ＢＥＴ法による比表面積が６５０ ｍ”７
ｇ未満となると、画像濃度が低下する。Carbon black A used in the present invention has a specific surface area of 650 to 830 m"7g by the BET method (nitrogen adsorption method).7A specific surface area of 650 m"7 by the BET method.
If it is less than g, the image density will decrease.
また、８３０ ｍ”７ｇをこえると、臨界的に機内汚れ
が増大し、カブリが増大し、トナー消費量、階調性およ
び解像力に悪影響を与える。Furthermore, when the length exceeds 830 m''7 g, the dirt inside the machine increases critically, fog increases, and toner consumption, gradation, and resolution are adversely affected.
このような比表面積のカーボンブラックＡを得るには、
ライオンアクゾ■からケッチＬンブラ・ツクＥＣとし、
て市律されているものの製造ロットを選択して用いれば
よい。To obtain carbon black A with such a specific surface area,
From Lion Akzo ■ to Ketch L Nbura Tsuku EC,
It is only necessary to select and use a production lot that is regulated by the city.
この場合、比表面積は７００〜８００ ｍ”７ｇとなる
とより一層好ましい結果を得る。In this case, even more preferable results are obtained when the specific surface area is 700 to 800 m''7g.
また、カーボンブラックＡのＡＳＴＭ−Ｄ２４１４−１
に規定されるｒ）ＢＰ吸油量は、３００・〜５００ｍｆ
ｆ１／］ＯＯｇである。In addition, ASTM-D2414-1 of carbon black A
r) BP oil absorption amount specified in 300-500mf
f1/]OOg.
これは、３００ｗｇ／１００ｇ未満となると、抵抗が高
くなる方向になり、画像濃度が低くなり、また５００ｍ
！／１００ｇをこえると、抵抗が低くなる方向になり、
機内汚れ、カブリ、ｔ・ナー消費量、階調性および解像
力に悪影響を与える。If it is less than 300wg/100g, the resistance will increase and the image density will decrease.
! /When it exceeds 100g, the resistance tends to decrease,
This will adversely affect in-machine dirt, fog, t-toner consumption, gradation, and resolution.
なお、吸油量は３００〜４００ｍｇ／１００ｇとなると
、より一層好ましい結果をつる。Further, when the oil absorption amount is 300 to 400 mg/100g, even more favorable results are obtained.
また、カーボンブラックへの羽均粒径は３０ｍ−程度で
あることが好ましい。 これにより、本発明の効果はよ
り一層高いものとなる。Further, it is preferable that the average particle size of the carbon black is about 30 m. This further enhances the effects of the present invention.
平均粒径は電子顕微鏡写真から算出すればよい。The average particle size may be calculated from an electron micrograph.
この他、ｐｉ（、灰分、比重、揮発分等については特に
制限はない。In addition, there are no particular restrictions on pi(, ash content, specific gravity, volatile content, etc.).
一方、カーボンブラックＢは、ＢＥＴ法による比表面積
１００〜２５０ｍ”／ｇ、 Ｄ Ｂ Ｐ吸油量５０〜１
３０ｍｊ／ １００ｇのものである。On the other hand, carbon black B has a specific surface area of 100 to 250 m''/g and a D B P oil absorption of 50 to 1 by the BET method.
It is 30mj/100g.
比表面積および吸油量がこれ以外となると、本発明の効
果は実現しない。If the specific surface area and oil absorption amount are outside these ranges, the effects of the present invention will not be achieved.
また、カーボンブラックＢの平均粒径は。Moreover, the average particle size of carbon black B is.
２０ｍｕ程度であることが好ましい。It is preferable that it is about 20 mu.
この他、カーボンブラックＢのｐＨ、灰分、比重、揮発
分等については特に制限はない。In addition, there are no particular limitations on the pH, ash content, specific gravity, volatile content, etc. of carbon black B.
なお、カーボンブラックＢとしては、公知の市販のもの
のなかから、適宜、１種ないし２種以上を選択して用い
ればよい。As the carbon black B, one or two or more types may be appropriately selected and used from known commercially available carbon blacks.
これらカーボンブラックＡ、Ｂの重量比Ｂ／Ａは２０／
８０〜８０／２０．特に４０／６０〜６０／４０である
。The weight ratio B/A of these carbon blacks A and B is 20/
80-80/20. In particular, it is 40/60 to 60/40.
Ｂ／Ａが２０／８０より小さくなると、抵抗が小さくな
り、機内汚れ、カブリ、トナー消費量、階調性および解
像力に悪影響を与える。When B/A is smaller than 20/80, resistance becomes small, which adversely affects in-machine dirt, fog, toner consumption, gradation, and resolution.
また、８０／２０をこえると、トナー抵抗が高（なり、
画像濃度が出に（くなる。Also, if the ratio exceeds 80/20, the toner resistance becomes high (
The image density increases.
なお、カーボンブラックＡは、トナーの０．５〜５ｗｔ
％、カーボンブラックＢは１〜１０ｗｔ％用いればよい
。In addition, carbon black A is 0.5 to 5wt of toner.
%, carbon black B may be used in an amount of 1 to 10 wt%.
これら、カーボンブラックＡ、Ｂは、通常内添されて、
樹脂中に含有されるが、場合によってはその一部分また
は全部が外添されていてもよい。These carbon blacks A and B are usually added internally,
Although it is contained in the resin, a part or all of it may be added externally depending on the case.
用いるトナーの体積平均粒径は５〜２０）１！１、特に
６〜１８−１より好ましくは８〜１２戸であることが好
ましい。The volume average particle size of the toner used is preferably 5 to 20) 1:1, particularly 6 to 18-1, more preferably 8 to 12.
平均粒径が５＃ｌｊＩ未満であると、カブリの悪化、ク
リーニング不良が発生し、コスト的にも不利となる傾向
にある。If the average particle size is less than 5#ljI, fogging will worsen, cleaning problems will occur, and there will be a tendency to be disadvantageous in terms of cost.
また、２０ｐｓを超えると、解像力の悪化、トナー飛散
が問題となる傾向にある。Moreover, when it exceeds 20 ps, resolution tends to deteriorate and toner scattering tends to become a problem.
体積平均粒径の測定にはコールタ−カウント法を用い、
測定値の体積粒径の５０％平均粒径を求めればよい、
この際、電解液としては、イソトン■（コールタ−エレ
クトロニクス社製）を用い、例えばアパーチャー径１０
０ＪＪＪＩのコールタ−カウンタＴＡ−１１（同社製）
により測定すればよい。Coulter counting method is used to measure the volume average particle diameter.
All you need to do is find the 50% average particle size of the volume particle size of the measured value.
At this time, Isoton (manufactured by Coulter Electronics) is used as the electrolyte, and for example, an aperture diameter of 10
0JJJI Coulter Counter TA-11 (manufactured by the same company)
It can be measured by
さらに、粒径分布としては、平均粒径をＪとしたとき、
２丁以上およびＨ／２以下が、それぞれ、１０体積％以
下、特にＯ〜１０体積％程度のものであることが好まし
い。Furthermore, as for the particle size distribution, when the average particle size is J,
It is preferable that 2 or more and H/2 or less are each 10% by volume or less, particularly about 0 to 10% by volume.
このような粒径分布のものを用いることにより、トナー
の収率、歩留りが向上し、製造が容易になる。By using a toner having such a particle size distribution, the yield and yield of toner can be improved, and manufacturing can be facilitated.
トナーの帯電極性は、用いる感光体の材質や現像プロセ
ス等により適当な極性を選択すればよい。The charging polarity of the toner may be selected appropriately depending on the material of the photoreceptor used, the developing process, etc.
トナーは、カーボンブラックＡ、Ｂと磁性粉とを含有す
る樹脂から構成され、必要に応じて荷電制御剤、ワック
ス等がさらに含有される。The toner is composed of a resin containing carbon blacks A and B and magnetic powder, and further contains a charge control agent, wax, etc., if necessary.
トナーに用いる樹脂は、加熱あるいは圧着等の定着方法
に応じて公知の樹脂から選択すればよく、特に制限はな
（、例えば以下に挙げるものがある。The resin used in the toner may be selected from known resins depending on the fixing method such as heating or pressure bonding, and is not particularly limited (for example, the following resins may be used).
オレフィン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、スチレン共重合体、ビ
ニル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、アルキド樹脂、エポキシ樹
脂、ポリエステル樹脂等の各種樹脂の１種以上。One or more types of resins such as olefin resins, acrylic resins, styrene copolymers, vinyl resins, polyamide resins, alkyd resins, epoxy resins, and polyester resins.
これらの樹脂のうち、スチレン−アクリル樹脂、ポリエ
ステル樹脂が好ましく、特にスチレン−アクリル樹脂を
用いることが好ましい。Among these resins, styrene-acrylic resins and polyester resins are preferred, and styrene-acrylic resins are particularly preferred.
本発明では特に必要はないが、カーボンブラックＡ、Ｈ
に加え、他の着色剤として他のカーボンブラック、アセ
チレンブラック、チャンネルブラック、アニリンブラッ
ク等の黒色顔料が、含有されていてもよい。Although not particularly necessary in the present invention, carbon black A, H
In addition to this, black pigments such as carbon black, acetylene black, channel black, and aniline black may be contained as other colorants.
一方、含有される磁性粉に特に制限はな（、公知の磁性
粉、例えばマグネタイト、各種フェライト等を用いれば
よいが、これらは要求特性に応じて選択されるものであ
る。On the other hand, there are no particular restrictions on the magnetic powder contained (although known magnetic powders such as magnetite, various ferrites, etc. may be used, but these are selected depending on the required characteristics).
このような磁性粉は、磁性トナー粒子の樹脂１００服量
部に対し５〜７０重量部重量部首されることが好ましい
。Such magnetic powder is preferably used in an amount of 5 to 70 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin of the magnetic toner particles.
荷電制御剤は、帯電極性、帯電量等を制御するために必
要に応じて添加される。 本発明では、目的とする極性
、帯電量等に応じて公知の適当な荷電制御剤を選択すれ
ばよく、特に制限はない。 例えば、金属錯塩アゾ系染
料、ニグロシン系染料等が挙げられるが、これらは要求
特性に応じて選択されるものである。A charge control agent is added as necessary to control charge polarity, charge amount, etc. In the present invention, a known suitable charge control agent may be selected depending on the intended polarity, amount of charge, etc., and there are no particular limitations. Examples include metal complex azo dyes, nigrosine dyes, etc., which are selected depending on the required characteristics.
このような荷電制御剤の含有量は、トナーの樹脂１００
重量部に対し０．１〜５重量部程度であることが好まし
い。The content of such a charge control agent is 100% of the resin of the toner.
The amount is preferably about 0.1 to 5 parts by weight.
ワックスは離型剤として、オフセット防止のために必要
に応じて添加される。 本発明では用いるワックスに特
に制限はなく、公知の種々のワックス、例えば、ポリエ
チレンワックス、ポリプロピレンワックス、シリコンワ
ックス等を用いればよいが、これらは要求特性に応じて
選択されるものである。Wax is added as a mold release agent as necessary to prevent offset. The wax used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and various known waxes such as polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, silicone wax, etc. may be used, and these are selected depending on the required properties.
このようなワックスの含有量は、トナーの樹脂１００重
量部に対し１〜７重量部程度であることが好ましい。The content of such wax is preferably about 1 to 7 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin of the toner.
なお、トナーには、これらの他、抵抗調整剤等が含有さ
れていてもよい。In addition to these, the toner may also contain a resistance adjuster and the like.
トナーは、通常の１成分系のトナー製造法により製造す
ればよ（、例えば、下記のようにして製造される。The toner can be manufactured by a conventional one-component toner manufacturing method (for example, it can be manufactured as follows).
内添剤として上記したようなカーボンブラックＡ、Ｂ、
磁性粉、荷電制御剤、ワックスその他の添加剤等のうち
から必要なものを選択し、これらの所定量と樹脂とを溶
融・混練し、冷却後、ハンマーミル、カッターミル等に
より粗粉砕する。 次いで、ジェットミル、オングミル
等により微粉砕した後、上記の体積平均粒径範囲になる
ように分級してトナーを得る。Carbon black A, B as described above as an internal additive,
The necessary ones are selected from among magnetic powder, charge control agent, wax and other additives, and predetermined amounts of these and resin are melted and kneaded, cooled, and coarsely ground using a hammer mill, cutter mill, etc. Next, the particles are finely pulverized using a jet mill, an ong mill, etc., and then classified to have the above-mentioned volume average particle diameter range to obtain a toner.
このようなトナーには、抵抗調整剤、着色剤、流動性改
良剤等の無機ないし有機微粒子を添加剤粒子として外添
することができる。Inorganic or organic fine particles such as a resistance adjuster, a colorant, a fluidity improver, etc. can be externally added to such a toner as additive particles.
これらの例として、カーボンブラックＡ、 Ｂの他、
コロイダルシリカ、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、アルミナな
どの金属酸化物、炭化ケイ素、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸バ
リウム、珪酸カルシウムなどの無機微粒子、
磁性粒子、ＰＭＭＡ、ポリエチレン、ナイロン、シリコ
ーン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ベンゾグアナミン樹脂、ポ
リエステルなどのポリマービーズ、
ポリ４フツ化エヂレン５ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、
ポリフッ化ビニリデンなどの含フツ素有機微粒子、
ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸マグネシウムなどの脂
肪酸金属塩、
電荷制御剤などが挙げられる。Examples of these include, in addition to carbon black A and B, colloidal silica, metal oxides such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, and alumina, inorganic fine particles such as silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, and calcium silicate, magnetic particles, PMMA, Polymer beads such as polyethylene, nylon, silicone resin, phenol resin, benzoguanamine resin, polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene 5 polytetrafluoroethylene,
Examples include fluorine-containing organic fine particles such as polyvinylidene fluoride, fatty acid metal salts such as zinc stearate and magnesium stearate, and charge control agents.
なお、これらの添加剤粒子は１種類だけを用いても良い
が、必要に応じて、２種類以上を組合せて使用すること
もできる。In addition, although only one type of these additive particles may be used, two or more types can also be used in combination as required.
また、離型剤も添加剤粒子として外添可能である。Furthermore, a mold release agent can also be externally added as additive particles.
これら添加剤粒子は、トナー粒子と乾式混合される。These additive particles are dry mixed with the toner particles.
この際、各添加剤粒子は、表面疎水化処理、表面分散改
良処理のためにチタネート系、アルミニウム系、シラン
系などのカップリング剤やシリコーンオイル、その他の
有機処理、無機処理をほどこすこともできる。At this time, each additive particle may be subjected to a titanate-based, aluminum-based, silane-based coupling agent, silicone oil, or other organic or inorganic treatment for surface hydrophobization treatment and surface dispersion improvement treatment. can.
そして、これら添加剤粒子は０．００５〜５戸程度の平
均粒径とする。 また、外添量は０．１〜８重量％程度
とする。These additive particles have an average particle size of about 0.005 to 5 particles. Further, the amount of external addition is approximately 0.1 to 8% by weight.
このような添加剤粒子は、トナー粒子とヘンシェルミキ
サー、グラインドミキサー、■ブレンダー、ナウターミ
キサ−等により乾式混合されて、トナー粒子表面に吸着
ないし固着されたり、さらに機械的な歪力や熱等により
、トナー粒子表面に固着一体止して埋め込まれたりして
いるものである。Such additive particles are dry-mixed with toner particles using a Henschel mixer, grind mixer, blender, Nauta mixer, etc., and are adsorbed or fixed to the surface of the toner particles. It is fixedly fixed and embedded on the surface of the toner particles.
本発明の電子写真用トナーは、ｌ成分系現像剤として用
いられる。The electrophotographic toner of the present invention is used as an l-component developer.
このような本発明の電子写真用トナーは、磁気ブラシ現
像法などの乾式現像法に用いられて所定の効果を発揮す
る。Such an electrophotographic toner of the present invention exhibits a predetermined effect when used in a dry developing method such as a magnetic brush developing method.
〈実施例〉
以下、本発明の具体的実施例を挙げ、本発明をさらに詳
細に説明する。<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in further detail by giving specific examples of the present invention.
実施例１
バインダーＡ、 １２．５重量部（三井石油
化学工業社製
ハイワックス４００Ｐ）
バインダーＢ ４．０重量部（三井石油
化学工業社製
ハイワックス３２０Ｐ）
バインダーＣＩ５．０重量部
（東洋ペトロライト社製
バリコ２０００）
バインダーＤ ２．０重量部（住友化学
工業社製
スミテートＭＢ−１１）
磁性粉 ６０．０重量部（ＴＤＫ社
製 ＣＡＰ−２
フェライト、
平均粒径 ０．５５μ）
カーボンブラックＡ ３．５重量部（ライオン
アクゾ社製
ケッチエンブラックＥＣ
ＢＥＴ法による比表面積 ７４２ｍ”／ｇＤＢＰ吸油
量 ３６４ｍｇ／１００ｇ平均粒径
３０ｍｕ）
カーボンブラックＢ ３．０重量部（三菱化成
工業社製 ＭＡ−１００
ＢＥＴ法による比表面積 １３４ｍ”／ｇＤＢＰ吸油
量 １０１ｍ１／１００ｇ平均粒径
２０ｍｕ）
なお、カーボンブラックＡは、種々の製造ロフトの中か
ら選択したものである。Example 1 Binder A, 12.5 parts by weight (Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Hiwax 400P) Binder B 4.0 parts by weight (Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Hiwax 320P) Binder CI 5.0 parts by weight (Toyo Petrolite) Binder D 2.0 parts by weight (Sumitate MB-11 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) Magnetic powder 60.0 parts by weight (CAP-2 ferrite manufactured by TDK, average particle size 0.55μ) Carbon black A 3 .5 parts by weight (Ketchen Black EC manufactured by Lion Akzo Co., Ltd. Specific surface area by BET method: 742 m''/g DBP oil absorption: 364 mg/100 g Average particle size
30mu) Carbon black B 3.0 parts by weight (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd. MA-100 Specific surface area by BET method 134m''/gDBP oil absorption 101m1/100g Average particle size
20mu) Note that carbon black A was selected from among various manufacturing lofts.
上記の組成を配合、溶融、混線後、冷却し、ハンマーミ
ルにて粗粉砕した。 次いでジェットミルにて微粉砕し
、分級して体積平均粒径Ｊ１１μの５−以下の粒径の粒
子がほぼ０体積％であり、２丁以上の粒径の粒子を１．
２体積％含んでいた。The above composition was blended, melted, mixed, cooled, and coarsely ground using a hammer mill. Next, it was finely pulverized in a jet mill and classified to find that particles with a volume average particle size of J11μ and a particle size of 5 or less accounted for almost 0% by volume, and particles with a particle size of 2 or more were 1.
It contained 2% by volume.
このトナーにシリカ（日本アエロジル社製ＲＸ−１７０
）を０．５重量％添加し、■ブレンダーにより混合し、
シフターにより粗大粉を除いて、トナー１を作製した。This toner contains silica (RX-170 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
) was added in an amount of 0.5% by weight, and mixed using a blender.
Toner 1 was prepared by removing coarse powder using a shifter.
このトナーｌにつきライフ試験を行った。A life test was conducted on this toner.
結果を表１に示す。The results are shown in Table 1.
比較例１
実施例１において、カーボンブラックＡ％Ｂをカーボン
ブラックＡ３重量部にかえた他は同様にして、トナー２
を得、前記と同様に現像剤としてライフ試験を行った。Comparative Example 1 Toner 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that carbon black A%B was changed to 3 parts by weight of carbon black A.
was obtained, and a life test was conducted as a developer in the same manner as above.
比較例２
比較例１において、カーボンブラックＡ３重量部をカー
ボンブラック８３重量部にかえた他は同様にして、トナ
ー３を得、前記と同様にライフ試験を行った。Comparative Example 2 Toner 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that 3 parts by weight of carbon black A was changed to 83 parts by weight of carbon black, and the life test was conducted in the same manner as above.
表１から明らかなように、カーボンブラックＡのみのト
ナー２は画像濃度が高すぎて、初期特性の段階で解像力
と階調性に悪影響を与えるばかりでなく、ライフ試験で
は機内汚れが激しい。As is clear from Table 1, the image density of Toner 2 containing only carbon black A was too high, which not only adversely affected the resolution and gradation at the stage of initial characteristics, but also caused severe in-machine staining during the life test.
また、カーボンブラックＢのみのトナー３は、初期から
画像濃度が低（、ライフ試験を行うと、さらに画像濃度
が下がり、複写機としての機能そのものが問題となる。Further, the toner 3 containing only carbon black B has a low image density from the beginning (if a life test is performed, the image density further decreases, and the function itself as a copying machine becomes a problem).
これに対し、本発明のトナーｌは、画像濃度も安定して
おり、他の緒特性も問題がなく良好なトナーであった。On the other hand, the toner 1 of the present invention had a stable image density and no problems in other properties and was a good toner.
実施例２
カーボンブラックＡとして、前記ケッチエンブラックＥ
Ｃの製造ロットを選択して、比表面積を本発明の範囲内
にてかえたところ、実施例１と同等の結果かえられた。Example 2 As carbon black A, the above-mentioned Ketchen Black E
When manufacturing lot C was selected and the specific surface area was changed within the range of the present invention, the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.
これに対し、前記ケッチエンブラックＥＣの製造ロット
を選択して、比表面積を９５０ ｍ”７ｇとしたところ
、トナー飛散が激しく、ライフ試験１万枚で機内汚れが
ひどかった。On the other hand, when we selected the production lot of Ketchen Black EC with a specific surface area of 950 m''7g, toner scattering was severe and the inside of the machine was badly stained after 10,000 sheets of life test.
以上から、本発明の効果があきらかである。From the above, the effects of the present invention are clear.
く効果〉
本発明によれば、比表面積およびＤＢＰ吸油量の異なる
２種のカーボンブラックＡ、Ｂを混合することにより、
トナー抵抗を調整して、優れた高画質画像を得られるば
かりでなく、ライフ特性も良好である。Effect> According to the present invention, by mixing two types of carbon blacks A and B with different specific surface areas and DBP oil absorption amounts,
Not only can excellent high-quality images be obtained by adjusting the toner resistance, but the life characteristics are also good.
Claims (1)
ＢＰ吸油量３００〜５００ｍｌ／１００ｇのカーボンブ
ラックＡと、ＢＥＴ法による比表面積１００〜２５０ｍ
＾２／ｇ、ＤＢＰ吸油量５０〜１３０ｍｌ／１００ｇの
カーボンブラックＢとを、Ｂ／Ａの重量比で２０／８０
〜８０／２０の範囲で含有することを特徴とする電子写
真用トナー。(1) Contains resin and magnetic powder, and has a specific surface area of 650 to 830 m^2/g by BET method, D
Carbon black A with BP oil absorption of 300 to 500 ml/100 g and specific surface area of 100 to 250 m by BET method
^2/g, and carbon black B with a DBP oil absorption of 50 to 130 ml/100 g at a weight ratio of B/A of 20/80.
An electrophotographic toner characterized by containing a toner in a range of 80/20.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63297825A JP2791566B2 (en) | 1988-11-25 | 1988-11-25 | Electrophotographic toner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63297825A JP2791566B2 (en) | 1988-11-25 | 1988-11-25 | Electrophotographic toner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02144553A true JPH02144553A (en) | 1990-06-04 |
| JP2791566B2 JP2791566B2 (en) | 1998-08-27 |
Family
ID=17851647
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63297825A Expired - Lifetime JP2791566B2 (en) | 1988-11-25 | 1988-11-25 | Electrophotographic toner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2791566B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04178653A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-06-25 | Tomoegawa Paper Co Ltd | Electrically conductive magnetic toner |
-
1988
- 1988-11-25 JP JP63297825A patent/JP2791566B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04178653A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-06-25 | Tomoegawa Paper Co Ltd | Electrically conductive magnetic toner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2791566B2 (en) | 1998-08-27 |
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