JPH02124533A - Liquid crystal electrooptical element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal electrooptical elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02124533A JPH02124533A JP27790788A JP27790788A JPH02124533A JP H02124533 A JPH02124533 A JP H02124533A JP 27790788 A JP27790788 A JP 27790788A JP 27790788 A JP27790788 A JP 27790788A JP H02124533 A JPH02124533 A JP H02124533A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- optical element
- crystal electro
- electrodes
- electro
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-hydroxybenzyl alcohol Natural products OCC1=CC=CC=C1O CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BVJSUAQZOZWCKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 BVJSUAQZOZWCKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OXHNLMTVIGZXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methylpyrrole Chemical compound CN1C=CC=C1 OXHNLMTVIGZXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000002256 xylenyl group Chemical class C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)* 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001047 methyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 salicyamide Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(O)=C1 TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は液晶電気光学素子の配向膜に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to an alignment film for a liquid crystal electro-optical element.
近年情報処理機器が目覚ましく進歩するに伴い、マンマ
シンインターフェイスとしてのデイスプレィの大容量表
示軽量薄型化が進行している。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the remarkable progress of information processing equipment, displays that serve as man-machine interfaces are becoming lighter and thinner with a larger capacity.
特に液晶デイスプレィの分野では、従来小型デイスプレ
ィにしか用いることができなかったツイスト型ネマチッ
クモードが改良された大容量表示が可能なスーパーツイ
スト型ネマチックモード（ＳＴＮ）が開発された。ＳＴ
Ｎモードでは表示が着色する問題点があったが、これも
最近になって補正板を用いることにより克服され、白黒
表示が可能となった（ＮＴＮ方式）。これらの方式にお
いて、配向膜の形成法としては従来、印刷法、スピンコ
ード法、蒸着法などが行なわれてきた。Particularly in the field of liquid crystal displays, a super twisted nematic mode (STN) has been developed that is an improved version of the twisted nematic mode, which could previously only be used in small displays, and is capable of large-capacity display. ST
The N mode had the problem of coloring the display, but this has recently been overcome by using a correction plate, making it possible to display in black and white (NTN system). In these methods, printing methods, spin code methods, vapor deposition methods, and the like have conventionally been used to form alignment films.
〔発明が解決しようとする課題１
しかし印刷法を用いた場合、大型デイスプレィに応用す
ると有機高分子膜の膜厚ムラがコントラストに影響を与
え、表示がムラになり大変見苦しい。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention 1] However, when the printing method is used and applied to a large display, the uneven thickness of the organic polymer film affects the contrast, making the display uneven and very unsightly.
スピンコード法を大型デイスプレィに応用すると、パネ
ルの中心部と周辺部で膜厚が変化したり放射線状のスジ
が入ったりして歩留りが悪く表示もムラになる。When the spin code method is applied to large displays, the film thickness changes between the center and periphery of the panel, and radial streaks appear, resulting in poor yield and uneven display.
蒸着法を用いる場合も、中心部と周辺部で膜厚ムラがで
き、中心部は厚く、周辺部は薄くなり、表示ムラとなる
。Even when a vapor deposition method is used, the film thickness is uneven between the center and the periphery, and the center is thicker and the periphery is thinner, resulting in display unevenness.
そこで本発明が目的とするところは、大型デイスプレィ
に用いられる配向膜を均一に形成する方法を提供すると
ころにある。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for uniformly forming an alignment film used for large-sized displays.
［課題を解決するための手段］
本発明の液晶電気光学素子は、
電極を形成した２枚の基板間に液晶を挟持した液晶電気
光学素子において、液晶を１軸配向させる配向制御膜と
して電解重合法による有機高分子膜を用いたことを特徴
としており、用いる液晶は動作温度域でネマチック相あ
るいは強誘電相をとり、電解重合に用いるモノマーとし
ては、キシレノール、ヒドロキシベンジルアルコール、
サリチレート、サリチレート、メチルヒドロキシベンゾ
エート、ピロール、Ｎメチルピロール、チオフェン、フ
ラン、インドールなどである。この方法だけでは電極間
の配向性が悪いので、電極間にシランカップリング剤な
どの表面処理剤を処理する。[Means for Solving the Problems] The liquid crystal electro-optical element of the present invention has a liquid crystal sandwiched between two substrates on which electrodes are formed, in which an electrolytic polymer is used as an alignment control film for uniaxially aligning the liquid crystal. It is characterized by using a legally produced organic polymer film, the liquid crystal used takes a nematic phase or ferroelectric phase in the operating temperature range, and the monomers used for electrolytic polymerization include xylenol, hydroxybenzyl alcohol,
These include salicylate, salicylate, methylhydroxybenzoate, pyrrole, N-methylpyrrole, thiophene, furan, and indole. Since this method alone results in poor alignment between the electrodes, a surface treatment agent such as a silane coupling agent is applied between the electrodes.
こうすれば画素間の配向性を向上できる。In this way, the alignment between pixels can be improved.
〔作 用］
本発明の上記の構成によれば、どんなに大型のデイスプ
レィ用基板にも均一な電解重合配向膜を作成でき、全面
均一な表示を行うことができる。[Function] According to the above configuration of the present invention, a uniform electropolymerized alignment film can be formed on any large display substrate, and a uniform display can be performed over the entire surface.
〔実 施 例］
実施例１
本実施例では電解重合するモノマーとして、３．５−キ
シレノールを用いた場合について示す。[Examples] Example 1 This example shows a case where 3,5-xylenol is used as a monomer to be electrolytically polymerized.
第１図に電解重合の概念図を示した。電解液として水酸
化ナトリウム０．１５Ｍメタノール溶液を用い、３．５
−キシノールを０．２Ｍの濃度に調整しておく。時分割
駆動用のくし状電極（ここではＩＴＯを用いた）を形成
した対角のインチの基板と、プラチナ製の対向電極を電
解槽に入れ、くし状電極と対向電極の間に、１．５Ｖの
電圧を印加し、電解重合膜が３００人の膜厚になるまで
通電した。このとき、電解液はアルゴンガスで飽和させ
ておかなければならない。Figure 1 shows a conceptual diagram of electrolytic polymerization. Using 0.15M methanol solution of sodium hydroxide as the electrolyte, 3.5
- Adjust xynol to a concentration of 0.2M. A diagonal inch-sized substrate on which a comb-shaped electrode (ITO was used here) for time-division driving and a counter electrode made of platinum are placed in an electrolytic bath, and between the comb-shaped electrode and the counter electrode, 1. A voltage of 5 V was applied and electricity was passed until the electropolymerized membrane had a thickness of 300 mm. At this time, the electrolyte must be saturated with argon gas.
こうして電解重合配向膜を形成した基板の上部を第２図
のように切断し、それぞれの電極を切り離す。次に布で
１方向にこすり（ラビング処理）配向処理した。The upper part of the substrate on which the electrolytically polymerized alignment film is formed is cut as shown in FIG. 2, and each electrode is separated. Next, an alignment treatment was performed by rubbing in one direction with a cloth (rubbing treatment).
ネマチック液晶を封入する場合は、液晶としてメルク社
製ＺＬＩ２２１４にカイラルドーパントを加えたものを
用い、ラビング方向が互いに９０°になるように基板を
ラビングした。液晶層が５μｍとなるように２枚の基板
を組み合わせて接着剤で固定した。この素子を２枚の偏
光板で挟んで見ると従来の配向膜を用いた場合に比べ大
変均一であり、ムラがまったく無かった。In the case of encapsulating a nematic liquid crystal, ZLI2214 manufactured by Merck & Co., Ltd. to which a chiral dopant was added was used as the liquid crystal, and the substrates were rubbed so that the rubbing directions were 90° to each other. Two substrates were combined and fixed with adhesive so that the liquid crystal layer had a thickness of 5 μm. When this element was sandwiched between two polarizing plates, it was found to be much more uniform than when a conventional alignment film was used, with no unevenness at all.
強誘電性液晶を封入する場合は、液晶としてチッソ社製
Ｃ５−１０１５を用い、片側だけの基板をラビングし、
液晶層が２ｕｍ程度になるように２枚の基板を組み合わ
せ、接着剤で固定した。When encapsulating a ferroelectric liquid crystal, use Chisso C5-1015 as the liquid crystal, rub the substrate on only one side,
Two substrates were combined so that the liquid crystal layer was about 2 um thick, and fixed with adhesive.
この素子を２枚の偏光板で挟んで観察すると、従米の配
向膜を用いた場合に比べ大変均一であり、ムラがまった
く無かった。When this element was observed while being sandwiched between two polarizing plates, it was found to be much more uniform than when using the conventional alignment film, with no unevenness at all.
液晶としては上記以外の液晶でもまった（同様の効果が
得られる。As the liquid crystal, liquid crystals other than those mentioned above may be used (the same effect can be obtained).
本実施例では電解重合膜のモノマーとして、３．５−キ
シレノールを用いたが、キシレノールならばよい。また
、ヒドロキシベンジルアルコールでも同様の効果を有す
る重合膜を作成できる。In this example, 3,5-xylenol was used as the monomer for the electrolytically polymerized membrane, but any xylenol may be used. Furthermore, a polymer film having similar effects can be created using hydroxybenzyl alcohol.
ただし、絶縁性はキシレノールに比べて悪くなる。（キ
シレノールは１０−” Ａｍｐｃｍ−’に対しヒドロキ
シベンジルアルコールを用いた場合ｌＯ−” Ａｍｐｃ
ｍ−”）他には、フェノール誘導体、すなわちベンゼン
環にヒドロキシ基が１つ置換しているものならばよい。However, the insulation properties are worse than xylenol. (When xylenol is used with hydroxybenzyl alcohol, it is 10-” Ampc
m-'') In addition, phenol derivatives, ie, those having one hydroxy group substituted on the benzene ring, may be used.
たとえばメチルサリチレート、フェニルサリチレート、
サリチレート、メチルヒドロキシベンゾエートなどであ
る。For example, methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate,
These include salicylate and methyl hydroxybenzoate.
かなり導電性のある重合膜を形成するモノマーとしては
、ピロール、Ｎメチルピロール、チオフェン、フラン、
インドールなどがある。これらの重合膜も絶縁性に配慮
すれば利用できる。Monomers that form highly conductive polymeric films include pyrrole, N-methylpyrrole, thiophene, furan,
Indole, etc. These polymer films can also be used if insulation properties are taken into consideration.
実施例２
実施例１においては電極間に配向膜が形成されず、それ
ゆえに電極間の液晶の配向が悪くなる欠点がある。ここ
では電極間の配向性を向上させる方法について示した。Example 2 In Example 1, no alignment film is formed between the electrodes, and therefore the liquid crystal alignment between the electrodes is poor. Here, a method for improving the orientation between electrodes was shown.
実施例１に示した方法により電解重合膜を形成した基板
を水酸化カリウム０．１Ｍメタノール溶液で洗浄し更に
メタノールで洗浄し乾燥した。この基板に、３−アミノ
プロピルトリエトキシシラン０．２ｗｔ％エタノール溶
液を塗布し、８０℃にて３０分焼成した。この基板をメ
タノールにて洗浄し、電極に付着した３−アミノプロピ
ルトリエトキシシランを洗い流す。この処理により、画
素間にだけ３−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランが残
り、配向膜の役割を果すのである。こうして処理した基
板を実施例１と同様に組み合わせ、液晶を封入したとこ
ろ、電極間の配向は実施例１に比べ非常に良くなり、配
向不良による光抜けもまったく無くなった。３−アミノ
プロピルトリエトキシシラン以外にも他のアミノ基の付
いたシランカップリング剤や、ヒドロキシ基、エポキシ
基、メルカプト基の付いたシランカップリング剤、及び
これらの官能基の付いたチタネートカップリング剤、ア
ルミニウム系カップリング剤も利用できる。A substrate on which an electrolytically polymerized film was formed by the method shown in Example 1 was washed with a 0.1M methanol solution of potassium hydroxide, further washed with methanol, and dried. A 0.2 wt % ethanol solution of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was applied to this substrate and baked at 80° C. for 30 minutes. This substrate is washed with methanol to wash away 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane adhering to the electrodes. Through this treatment, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane remains only between the pixels and serves as an alignment film. When the substrates thus treated were assembled in the same manner as in Example 1 and liquid crystal was encapsulated, the alignment between the electrodes was much better than in Example 1, and there was no light leakage due to poor alignment. In addition to 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, silane coupling agents with other amino groups, silane coupling agents with hydroxy groups, epoxy groups, and mercapto groups, and titanate coupling agents with these functional groups are also available. Coupling agents and aluminum-based coupling agents can also be used.
［発明の効果］
以上述べたように発明によれば、電解重合膜を配向膜に
用いることにより大面積の液晶デイスプレィの全面にわ
たり均一な表示をすることが可能となった。この方法は
デイスプレィだけでなく、液晶光シャッターなどにも応
用できる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the invention, by using an electropolymerized film as an alignment film, it has become possible to display uniformly over the entire surface of a large-area liquid crystal display. This method can be applied not only to displays but also to liquid crystal optical shutters.
第１図は本発明の実施例１で行なった電解重合装置の概
念図である。
・電解槽
・電解液
・基板
・（し状電極
５・・・対向電極
６・・・電源
第２図は本発明の実施例で用いた基板の電極パターン、
及び電解重合後の余分な電極部を切り離す部分を示す図
である。
以上
出願人 セイコーエプソン株式会社
代理人 弁理士 鈴 木 喜三部（他１名）第２図FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an electrolytic polymerization apparatus used in Example 1 of the present invention. - Electrolytic cell - Electrolyte - Substrate - (Ribular electrode 5... Counter electrode 6... Power supply Figure 2 shows the electrode pattern of the substrate used in the embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a portion where an excess electrode portion is cut off after electrolytic polymerization. Applicant Seiko Epson Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Kizobe Suzuki (and 1 other person) Figure 2
Claims (7)
晶電気光学素子において、液晶を１軸配向させる配向制
御膜として電解重合法による有機高分子膜を用いたこと
を特徴とする液晶電気光学素子。(1) A liquid crystal electro-optical element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between two substrates on which electrodes are formed, in which an organic polymer film produced by electrolytic polymerization is used as an alignment control film for uniaxially aligning the liquid crystal. Electro-optical element.
るいはヒドロキシベンジルアルコールであることを特徴
とする請求項１記載の液晶電気光学素子。(2) The liquid crystal electro-optical element according to claim 1, wherein the monomer used in the electrolytic polymerization is xylenol or hydroxybenzyl alcohol.
ート、フェニルサリチレート、サリチアミド、メチルヒ
ドロキシベンゾエートのいずれかであることを特徴とす
る請求項１記載の液晶電気光学素子。(3) The liquid crystal electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the monomer used in the electrolytic polymerization is any one of methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, salicyamide, and methyl hydroxybenzoate.
メチルピロール、チオフェン、フラン、インドールのい
ずれかであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の液晶電気
光学素子。(4) The monomers used in the electrolytic polymerization are pyrrole, N
The liquid crystal electro-optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that it is one of methylpyrrole, thiophene, furan, and indole.
た後、電極間に表面処理剤を処理したことを特徴とする
請求項１ないし４のいずれかに記載の液晶電気光学素子
。(5) The liquid crystal electro-optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after forming an organic polymer film on the electrodes by the electrolytic polymerization method, a surface treatment agent is applied between the electrodes.
ことを特徴とする請求項１ないし５のいずれかに記載の
液晶電気光学素子。(6) The liquid crystal electro-optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the liquid crystal exhibits a nematic phase in the device operating temperature range.
はＳｍＣ＊、ＳｍＦ＊、ＳｍＧ＊、ＳｍＨ＊、ＳｍＩ＊
、ＳｍＪ＊、ＳｍＫ＊相のいずれかの相を示すことを特
徴とする請求項１ないし５のいずれかに記載の液晶電気
光学素子。(7) The above liquid crystal has a ferroelectric phase in the device operating temperature range, specifically SmC*, SmF*, SmG*, SmH*, SmI*
6. The liquid crystal electro-optical element according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal electro-optical element exhibits one of the following phases: , SmJ*, and SmK*.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27790788A JPH02124533A (en) | 1988-11-02 | 1988-11-02 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27790788A JPH02124533A (en) | 1988-11-02 | 1988-11-02 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02124533A true JPH02124533A (en) | 1990-05-11 |
Family
ID=17589955
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27790788A Pending JPH02124533A (en) | 1988-11-02 | 1988-11-02 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02124533A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04211225A (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1992-08-03 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal element and display method and display device using the same |
-
1988
- 1988-11-02 JP JP27790788A patent/JPH02124533A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04211225A (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1992-08-03 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal element and display method and display device using the same |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPH08328005A (en) | Liquid crystal oriented film, treatment of liquid crystal oriented film, liquid crystal holding substrate, liquid crystal display element, production of liquid crystal display element and material for liquid crystal oriented film | |
| KR20130107261A (en) | Liquid crystal display device | |
| CN103890648A (en) | Photo-alignment layers with strong uv-dichroism | |
| JPH0961825A (en) | Liquid crystal display device | |
| JP2883941B2 (en) | Optical phase plate, method of manufacturing the same, and liquid crystal display device using the optical phase plate | |
| JP2991995B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display | |
| JPS6325628A (en) | Liquid crystal device and manufacture thereof | |
| JPH05215921A (en) | Double refraction plate and liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH03164713A (en) | Ferrodielectric liquid crystal electrooptical device and its production | |
| JPH02124533A (en) | Liquid crystal electrooptical element | |
| JPH06160814A (en) | Twisted nematic liquid crystal display element | |
| KR980010518A (en) | Composition for forming an alignment film of a liquid crystal display element | |
| JP4040166B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal display device | |
| JPH06160801A (en) | Supertwisted nematic liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH09138395A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
| JP2000235186A (en) | Production of liquid crystal display panel | |
| JP4180342B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal panel | |
| JPH06281960A (en) | Liquid crystal display device | |
| JPS6215848B2 (en) | ||
| JP2914889B2 (en) | Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method | |
| JPH05134244A (en) | Liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH08248225A (en) | Polarizing element, its production and liquid crystal display device | |
| JPS61186933A (en) | Liquid crystal element | |
| JPS61255321A (en) | Production for liquid crystal display element | |
| JPH01145629A (en) | Liquid crystal display device |