JPH02119870A - Chamber for out-body circulating circuit - Google Patents
Chamber for out-body circulating circuitInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02119870A JPH02119870A JP63271128A JP27112888A JPH02119870A JP H02119870 A JPH02119870 A JP H02119870A JP 63271128 A JP63271128 A JP 63271128A JP 27112888 A JP27112888 A JP 27112888A JP H02119870 A JPH02119870 A JP H02119870A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- air
- chamber
- fatty acid
- acid ester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 38
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 38
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004667 medium chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010003445 Ascites Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000034158 bleeding Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000031169 hemorrhagic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005457 triglyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、血液等を体外循環させて、血液中の不要物質
を除去する際に使用する体液循環回路用チェンバーに関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a chamber for a body fluid circulation circuit used when blood or the like is circulated extracorporeally to remove unnecessary substances from the blood.
〈従来の技術〉
体液内の不要物質を除去するには、人口透析、血漿交換
等のごとく患者から血液を導出して体外循環させ、途中
においてフィルター膜で不要物質を除去するような装置
が従来から広く知られている。具体的には例えば、人口
腎臓用血液回路では、患者の動脈から脱血して透析装置
へ導く動脈回路と、透析装置を経て透析された血液を患
者の静脈へ送り込む静脈回路とを備える。該動脈回路と
静脈回路は、各々１個ずつのチェンバーを有し、該チェ
ンバーには、空気層の変動をモニターチューブを介して
圧力計で検出し、チェンバー内圧力を測定する装置と、
前記回路内混入する空気及び異物の除却を行うためのエ
アートラップチェンバーとが設置されている。<Prior art> In order to remove unnecessary substances from body fluids, conventional devices such as artificial dialysis and plasma exchange, which draw blood from a patient and circulate it outside the body, remove unnecessary substances using a filter membrane. It is widely known from Specifically, for example, a blood circuit for an artificial kidney includes an arterial circuit that removes blood from a patient's artery and leads it to a dialysis machine, and a venous circuit that sends the dialyzed blood through the dialysis machine to the patient's veins. The arterial circuit and the venous circuit each have one chamber, and each chamber includes a device for detecting fluctuations in the air layer with a pressure gauge via a monitor tube and measuring the pressure inside the chamber;
An air trap chamber is installed to remove air and foreign matter mixed into the circuit.
該エアートラップチェンバー内の空気層の存在は血栓発
生の原因となる。このため、従来では多量の抗凝固剤を
回路内に導入していたが、最近の血液体外循環療法は、
この抗凝固剤の使用を極力少なくし、もしくは使用しな
い傾向にある。すなわち通常、血液透析、血漿交換など
血液を体外循環して処理する場合、抗凝固剤を使用する
が、手術後又は、出血性素因を有する患者には抗凝固剤
の使用は、時には致命的な出血を惹き起すためである。The presence of an air space within the air trap chamber causes thrombus formation. For this reason, in the past, a large amount of anticoagulant was introduced into the circuit, but with recent extracorporeal blood circulation therapy,
There is a trend to minimize or eliminate the use of anticoagulants. In other words, anticoagulants are normally used when blood is processed through extracorporeal circulation, such as hemodialysis or plasma exchange, but the use of anticoagulants after surgery or in patients with a bleeding diathesis is sometimes fatal. This is because it causes bleeding.
したがってこのような場合、抗凝固剤を全く使用しない
か、あるいは使用しても極く微量しか投与できない。Therefore, in such cases, anticoagulants may not be used at all, or if used, only a very small amount can be administered.
こうした血栓形成を防ぐためにチェンバー内血液上に生
理食塩水を存在させ空気層との直接接触を防ぐことが行
なわれているが、長時間の使用には、耐えられないとい
う欠点がある。又、エアートラップチェンバー全体に血
液を充填させ、空気層を形成させない方法も考えられる
が、外方法では、モニターチューブを介してのエアート
ラップチェンバー内圧力の測定ができないという問題が
生じる。In order to prevent such thrombus formation, physiological saline is present above the blood in the chamber to prevent direct contact with the air space, but this method has the disadvantage that it cannot withstand long-term use. Another possible method is to fill the entire air trap chamber with blood without forming an air layer, but this method poses a problem in that the pressure inside the air trap chamber cannot be measured via a monitor tube.
〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉
本発明の目的は、体液と空気との接触を絶ち、血栓の発
生を防止することができ、且つ抗凝固剤の使用を大幅に
減少又は省くことができる体外循環回路用チェンバーを
提供することにある。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The object of the present invention is to provide an in vitro method that can cut off contact between body fluids and air, prevent the occurrence of blood clots, and significantly reduce or eliminate the use of anticoagulants. An object of the present invention is to provide a chamber for a circulation circuit.
〈課題を解決するための手段〉
本発明によれば体液を体外循環させ、体液内の成分を除
去するための回路に備えられるチェンバーであって、該
チェンバー内の体液と、空気との間に脂肪酸エステルの
膜を形成させてなる体外循環回路用チェンバーが提供さ
れる。<Means for Solving the Problems> According to the present invention, there is provided a chamber provided in a circuit for extracorporeally circulating body fluids and removing components in the body fluids, the chamber being provided with a chamber between the body fluids in the chamber and air. Provided is a chamber for an extracorporeal circulation circuit formed with a membrane of fatty acid ester.
〈作用〉
本発明において、血液がエアートラップ内に導入される
とその表面を脂肪酸エステルの膜が被い、血液と空気と
の直接の接触を起さない。また空気層が存在するので、
チェンバー内圧力を検出することができる。<Function> In the present invention, when blood is introduced into the air trap, its surface is covered with a fatty acid ester film, preventing direct contact between the blood and air. Also, since there is an air layer,
The pressure inside the chamber can be detected.
〈実施例〉
以下、本発明の実施例を血液透析システムに適用した場
合を例にとって説明する。<Example> Hereinafter, an example in which an example of the present invention is applied to a hemodialysis system will be described.
第１図はエアートラップを備えたチェンバーの概略図で
あって、１はチェンバー筒体である。該チーエンバー筒
体１には、前調整の際に、脂肪酸エステル（商品名「パ
ナセー１−８１０」日本油脂株式会社製、中鎖脂肪酸ト
リグリセリド）が血液１０と空気１１との間に注入され
、脂肪酸エステルによる厚さ約１０ｍｍの膜９が形成さ
れている。該脂肪酸エステルとしては、例えば常温で液
状の安定な油脂を使用することができ、特に好ましくは
、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド（以下ＭＣＴと略す）等を
挙げることができる。該ＭＣＴは、構成脂肪酸の炭素数
が６〜８の偶数飽和脂肪酸からなるトリグリセリドであ
って、非常に安定、且つ食用可能な無毒の油脂であり、
血液と全く混合せず、また相互作用を起さないので血栓
発生の恐れが全くない。また前記脂肪酸エステルの膜厚
は、２〜２０ｎｙｎであることが好ましく、特に１０ｗ
ｎ程度が望ましい。２ｍ未満では、血液１０と空気１１
との遮蔽が不安定であり、２０ＩＩｎを超える場合には
、効果が上がらず、チェンバー内の空間が少なくなるの
で好ましくない。該チェンバー筒体１の上方には、血液
透析器（図示せず）を通過した血液が流入する血液入口
チューブ３とレベル調整ラインに接続したチューブ４と
圧力計６に接続した圧力モニターラインチューブ５とを
接続したキャップ２を備えている。該チューブ４及び圧
力モニターラインチューブ５の先端は、空気１１内に設
置されており、血液回路内に圧力変動が生じた場合、該
空気１１内の圧力が変化するため、該圧力モニターライ
ンチューブ５を介して、圧力計６で測定し、該チューブ
４によって、空気１１内の圧力を調節することができる
。また前記血液入口チューブ３の先端は、血液が空気１
１と接触しないように、前記脂肪酸エステルの膜９内に
設けられている。更に前記チェンバー筒体１の下方には
、血液出口チューブ８を接続したキャップ１２が備えら
れており、血液入口チューブ３から流入した血液がフィ
ルター用のメツシュアを通過して、血液中の抜気及び異
物除去が行なわれた後、血液出口チューブ８から清浄化
された血液が、体外循環回路用チェンバー外に流出する
。該清浄化された血液は、その後患者に返血される。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chamber equipped with an air trap, and 1 is a chamber cylinder. During preconditioning, a fatty acid ester (trade name: Panase 1-810, manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd., medium chain fatty acid triglyceride) is injected into the Chi Ember cylinder body 1 between the blood 10 and the air 11, and the fatty acid A film 9 made of ester and having a thickness of about 10 mm is formed. As the fatty acid ester, for example, a stable oil or fat that is liquid at room temperature can be used, and particularly preferably, medium chain fatty acid triglyceride (hereinafter abbreviated as MCT) can be used. The MCT is a triglyceride consisting of even-numbered saturated fatty acids with a constituent fatty acid number of 6 to 8 carbon atoms, and is a very stable and edible non-toxic fat.
Since it does not mix or interact with blood at all, there is no risk of thrombus formation. Further, the thickness of the fatty acid ester is preferably 2 to 20 nyn, particularly 10w.
About n is desirable. Below 2m, blood 10 and air 11
If the shielding ratio exceeds 20 IIn, the effect will not be improved and the space within the chamber will be reduced, which is not preferable. Above the chamber body 1 are a blood inlet tube 3 into which blood that has passed through a hemodialyzer (not shown) flows, a tube 4 connected to a level adjustment line, and a pressure monitor line tube 5 connected to a pressure gauge 6. The cap 2 is connected to the cap 2. The tips of the tube 4 and the pressure monitor line tube 5 are installed in the air 11, and when pressure fluctuation occurs in the blood circuit, the pressure in the air 11 changes, so the pressure monitor line tube 5 Via the tube 4, the pressure in the air 11 can be regulated, as measured by a pressure gauge 6. Further, the tip of the blood inlet tube 3 has air 1
It is provided within the fatty acid ester film 9 so as not to come into contact with the fatty acid ester. Furthermore, a cap 12 to which a blood outlet tube 8 is connected is provided below the chamber cylindrical body 1, and blood flowing in from the blood inlet tube 3 passes through a filter mesh to remove air from the blood. After the foreign matter is removed, the purified blood flows out of the extracorporeal circulation circuit chamber from the blood outlet tube 8. The purified blood is then returned to the patient.
、なお、本発明の体外循環回路用チェンバーは、血液透
析システムの他、血漿交換用の血液回路にも適用するこ
とができ、また血液以外の体液、たとえば腹水を体外循
環で処理する場合にも応用することができる。The chamber for an extracorporeal circulation circuit of the present invention can be applied not only to a hemodialysis system but also to a blood circuit for plasma exchange, and also when body fluids other than blood, such as ascites, are treated by extracorporeal circulation. It can be applied.
〈発明の効果〉
以上説明した本発明によれば、体液の体外循環回路用チ
ェンバーに脂肪酸エステルを注入し、体液と空気との間
に脂肪酸エステルの膜を作り、体液と空気との接触を絶
つことができ、血栓の発生を防ぐことができる。このた
め、抗凝固剤を大幅に減らし、または省くことができ、
且つ回路内の圧力測定も従来通りに行なうことができる
等の効果が得られる。<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention described above, a fatty acid ester is injected into a chamber for an extracorporeal circulation circuit for body fluids, a film of fatty acid ester is created between the body fluids and the air, and contact between the body fluids and the air is cut off. can prevent the occurrence of blood clots. This allows the use of anticoagulants to be significantly reduced or eliminated;
In addition, effects such as being able to measure the pressure inside the circuit as before can be obtained.
第１図は本発明の体外循環回路用チェンバーの実施例を
示す概略図である。
１・・チェンバー筒体、３・・血液入口チューブ、７・
・フィルター用メツシュ、８・・血液出口チューブ、９
・・脂肪酸エステルの膜、１０・血液、１１・・空気。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the extracorporeal circulation circuit chamber of the present invention. 1. Chamber cylinder body, 3. Blood inlet tube, 7.
・Filter mesh, 8 ・Blood outlet tube, 9
...Film of fatty acid ester, 10. Blood, 11. Air.
Claims (1)
回路に備えられるチェンバーであって、該チェンバー内
の体液と、空気との間に脂肪酸エステルの膜を形成させ
てなる体外循環回路用チェンバー。A chamber for an extracorporeal circulation circuit, which is provided in a circuit for extracorporeally circulating body fluids and removing components within the body fluids, the chamber comprising a fatty acid ester film formed between the body fluids in the chamber and air. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63271128A JPH0796031B2 (en) | 1988-10-29 | 1988-10-29 | Chamber for extracorporeal circulation circuit and anticoagulant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63271128A JPH0796031B2 (en) | 1988-10-29 | 1988-10-29 | Chamber for extracorporeal circulation circuit and anticoagulant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02119870A true JPH02119870A (en) | 1990-05-07 |
| JPH0796031B2 JPH0796031B2 (en) | 1995-10-18 |
Family
ID=17495715
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63271128A Expired - Lifetime JPH0796031B2 (en) | 1988-10-29 | 1988-10-29 | Chamber for extracorporeal circulation circuit and anticoagulant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0796031B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0661063A1 (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1995-07-05 | Nof Corporation | Method for preventing blood coagulation in a hemo-dialysis circuit and airtrap chamber for use in a hemo-dialysis circuit |
| WO1999066972A1 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-12-29 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Chamber for extracorporeal circuit |
-
1988
- 1988-10-29 JP JP63271128A patent/JPH0796031B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0661063A1 (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1995-07-05 | Nof Corporation | Method for preventing blood coagulation in a hemo-dialysis circuit and airtrap chamber for use in a hemo-dialysis circuit |
| WO1999066972A1 (en) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-12-29 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Chamber for extracorporeal circuit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0796031B2 (en) | 1995-10-18 |
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