JPH0211469A - Non-power vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To properly prevent acceleration of a non-power vehicle at a falling gradient and to enable execution of safe running by a method wherein an acceleration preventing means driven by the rotation force of wheels and performing a braking action in proportion to a car speed is mounted to the car body of the non-power vehicle. CONSTITUTION:In a non-power vehicle 1, wheels 5 are mounted to an axle 4 pivotally supported to a car body 2 through bearings 3. In this case, a direction control means 6, to which the rotation force of the axle 4 is transmitted through a run-around type transmission device 7, and an acceleration preventing means 8 are mounted to the car body 2. The direction control means 6 has a plurality of claws engaged with and disengaged from a ratchet wheel 20 of a direction control shaft 14 along with control of an engaging and disengaging means 30. By transmission of the rotation force of the axle 4 to a plurality of pendulums 72 and 74 through a speed increasing mechanism 17 and a brake rotary shaft 62, the acceleration preventing means 8 exerts a centrifugal force on a brake drum 64 through a plurality of shoes 78 and 80 to generate a braking force.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to so-called non-motorized vehicles such as trolleys, handcarts, baby carriages, and sleeping cars that are not equipped with driving means such as engines and motors.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, when transporting work machines, etc., light trolleys have been frequently used in various places because they are lightweight, stable to load, and easy to handle. A manual brake device is installed to prevent acceleration and ensure driving safety when used on downhill sections. On the other hand, handcarts, sleeping cars, etc. are not equipped with brake devices.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) By the way, when using the above-mentioned lightweight trolley on a downhill section,
A worker operates the manual brake to prevent the Toro from accelerating, but there have been accidents where the worker has fallen down or slipped, resulting in a brake operation error, causing the Toro to run away and fall. are doing. Also, in the case of other handcarts, baby carriages, etc., it is extremely dangerous to use them on slopes if you let go of them.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and
The purpose is to provide a non-powered vehicle that can prevent acceleration on downhill slopes and slopes and ensure running safety without causing runaway.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taken the following technical means.

That is, the present invention is an improvement on a non-powered vehicle in which a vehicle body 2 is provided with wheels 5 supported via an axle 4.

The feature of the first invention is that the vehicle body 2
Another feature is that an acceleration prevention means 8 is provided which is driven by the rotational force of the wheels 5 and performs a braking action in proportion to the vehicle speed.

A feature of the second invention is that the vehicle body 2 is provided with an acceleration prevention means 8 and a direction control means 6, which are driven by the rotational force of the wheels 5 and perform a braking action in proportion to the vehicle speed. .

A third aspect of the present invention is that the vehicle body 2 is provided with at least one ratchet wheel 20 for controlling the rotational direction of the wheel 5, two pawls 2122, and a means 30 for engaging and disengaging the pawls 21 and 22. The point is that a control means 6 is provided.

Note that the acceleration prevention means 8 may be constituted by a speed regulating mechanism 8A, and may be provided separately from the direction control means 6.

Further, the axle 5 can be a light trolley that runs on rails.

Furthermore, the means for transmitting the rotational force of the axle 5 is preferably a wrap-type power transmission device 7, and the acceleration prevention means 8 is configured such that power is transmitted from the direction control means 6 via a speed increasing mechanism 17. be able to.

The speed regulating mechanism 8A is of a pendulum type in which pendulums 72 to 75 attached to the brake rotating shaft 62 are brought into contact with the inner surface of the brake drum 64, and one set of pendulums 72 to 75 are provided for forward movement and one set for reverse movement. preferable.

(Function) According to the present invention, the wheels 5 rotate as the non-powered vehicle runs, and the rotational force is transmitted from the axle 4 to the direction control means 6 via the wrap-around power transmission device 7, and further increases the rotational force. Speed mechanism 17
It is transmitted to the braking rotation shaft 62 of the acceleration prevention means 8 via. The direction control means 6 controls the direction of rotation of the axle 5 so that the vehicle can move forward or backward, or in either direction. therefore,
When moving forward, the wheels 5 do not rotate in the reverse direction.
Even if you take your hands off the non-powered vehicle during an uphill slope, the braking action works and the vehicle comes to a stop.

When the wheels 5 rotate faster on a downhill slope or on a slope, the centrifugal force of the acceleration prevention means 8, especially the pendulums 72 to 75, increases, causing the pendulums 72 to 75 to move toward the brake drum 6.
4, and the braking action increases in proportion to the speed (vehicle speed), eventually braking is achieved to a constant speed and acceleration is prevented. Therefore, running away of the non-powered vehicle is avoided and safe driving is ensured.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

Figures 1 to 1) show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a light trolley. and direction control means 6
, a wrap-type power transmission device 7 that transmits rotational force from the axle 4 to the direction control means 6, an acceleration prevention means 8, and a manual brake 9. The direction control means 6 and the acceleration prevention means 8 are connected to the vehicle body. It is attached to the bottom of 2.

The vehicle body 2 is divided into two parts, front and rear, and is foldable.The upper side is connected by a hinge 10, and the lower side is fixed to a fixing fitting 1), and is connected and fixed by a detachable fixing pin 12. .

A driving side sprocket 13 is fixed to one side of the axle 4, and a driven side sprocket 5 is fixed to the sprocket eye 3 and the end of the direction control shaft 14 of the direction control means 6.
A chain 16 is wound between the sprockets 3 and 15, and the chain 16 constitutes the winding type power transmission device 7.

Note that a gear transmission mechanism may be employed as a means for transmitting the rotational force of the wheels 5 to the direction control means 6, but the axle 4 is often inherently bent, and the power may not be transmitted smoothly. Therefore, a wrap-around type is preferable because it can transmit power reliably and smoothly.

The direction control means 6 includes the direction control shaft 14 which is rotatably supported via a sealed bearing 19 in a speed increasing gear box 18 that supports a speed increasing mechanism 17, and an end of the shaft 14 on the opposite side of the sprocket 15. a ratchet wheel 20 fixed to a
1.22 support shafts 23.24, coil springs 25 that bias the claws 21.22 in the locking direction, and collars 26.27.
, a pawl stopper 28 , 29 , a pawl engagement/disengagement operation means 30 , and a casing 31 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the ratchet wheel 20 is provided with an angular force of 20A, and both pawls 21 and 22 are locked by the angular force of 2OA when rotating in either the neutral or forward or reverse direction. .

The pawls 21 , 22 are located between the casing 31 fixed to the side surface of the gear box 18 and the side surface of the gear box 18 .
The ratchet wheel 20 is rotatably supported by the support shafts 23 and 24, which are parallel to the shaft 14 and symmetrically mounted on the upper side of the ratchet wheel 20, and the toe thereof is positioned downward;
Levers 32 and 33 for engaging and disengaging the claws are provided on the opposite side (above) from the tip of the claw 2L22, respectively.

Collars 26 and 27 are fitted onto the support shafts 23 and 24 on both sides of the claws 21 and 22, respectively, and the reduced diameter portions of the collars 26 and 27 on both outer sides are fitted with the glasses-shaped collars 26 and 27, respectively. A coil spring 25 is fitted onto the outside. Further, both ends 25A and 25B of the coil spring 25 extend outward and are bent toward the upper side of the claws 21 and 22, respectively.
The claws 21 and 22 are always in contact with the opposite outer surfaces of the claws 2L22.
is urged inwardly to increase the angular force 2 of the ratchet wheel 20.
It is designed to be securely locked to 0A.

Note that the pawl stoppers 28 and 29 are rod-shaped, and are attached to the gear box 18.
The shafts are mounted parallel to the support shafts 23 and 24 between the side surface of the casing 31 and the support shafts 23 and 24, respectively, and located on the outer and lower sides of the shafts to prevent the claws 21 and 22 from springing upward. Even if one coil spring 25 is broken, the claw 2L22's own weight causes the tip of the claw to engage with the angular force 20A of the ratchet wheel 20.

The claw engaging/disengaging operation means 30 is a lever 32 of the claw 21.22.
A slider 36 in the form of a strip having holes 34 and 35 into which the slider 33 is fitted, an operating rod 37 connected to the outer end of the slider 36, and a shaft support cylinder 38 fixed to the outer surface of the vehicle body 2. It consists of a placket 39, a drive shaft 40, a direction switching lever 41 and an operating arm 42 fixed to the end of the shaft 40, a connecting fitting 43, and a lever positioning and locking mechanism 44.

The slider 36 is attached to the mounting base 18 of the gear box 18.
located between the lower surface of A and the collar 26.27,
It is designed to slide on the collars 26, 27.

The other end of the operating rod 37 is passed through the L-shaped connecting fitting 43 and fixed with a nut 45.
The connecting fitting 43 and the operating arm 42 are connected to a bush 46.
They are connected by bolts 47 via.

The bracket 39 is fixed to the vehicle body 2 via a seat plate 48 with bolts 49.

The switching lever 42 includes a lock pin hole 50 into which a lock pin 51 can be inserted and removed.

The lever positioning and locking mechanism 44 includes a lock pin mounting member 53 fixed to the upper outer surface of the bracket 39 with a bolt 52 so as to cover the lever 41, and a pin fixed to the mounting member 53 in a penetrating manner. A support tube 54;
The lock pin 51 inserted into the cylinder 54 and the coil spring 55 that biases the lock pin 51 toward the switching lever 41 side.
and a lock operation handle 56 fixed to the outer end of the lock pin 51.

The state in which the lock pin 51 is inserted into the lock pin hole 50 of the switching lever 41 is a neutral state, and both pawls 21 and 22 are locked together by the angular force 20A of the ratchet wheel 20, so that the ratchet wheel 20 does not rotate. In other words, the wheels 5 are controlled so as not to rotate in any direction. Also, when the switching lever 41 is on either the left or right side of the lock pin 51, the claw 21
．． 22 is the angular force 2 of the ratchet wheel 20
It is not locked at 0A, and the wheels 5 rotate only in one direction, that is, in the forward or reverse direction.

The speed increasing mechanism 17 includes a gear box 18 of the direction control shaft 14.
The input gear 57 is fixed to be located inside the gear box 1.
8, an intermediate shaft 59 is pivotally supported via a sealed bearing 58, and a transmission small diameter gear 60 is fixed to the shaft 59 and meshed with the input gear 57, and is fixed to the intermediate shaft 59 together with the small diameter gear 60. It consists of a large transmission gear 61 and a small output gear 63 fixed to the end of a brake rotating shaft 62 constituting one of the acceleration prevention means 8 and meshing with the large transmission gear 61 on the intermediate shaft 59. The speed is increased in two stages.

Further, the acceleration prevention means 8 includes a brake drum 64 fixed to the center side wall surface of the vehicle body 2 of the gear box 18, and is pivotally supported at the axial center of the brake drum 64 via a sealed bearing 65°65. The braking rotation shaft 62, a reel-shaped pendulum attachment ring 66, 67 fixed to the shaft 62, and the shaft 66
A substantially fan-shaped pendulum 72. which constitutes the speed regulating mechanism 8A is rotatably mounted on the support shafts 68.69, 70.71.
73, 74, 75, a coiled return spring 76, 77 fitted between the shaft support sides of the pendulums 72 to 75, and the pendulum 7.
Shoes 78, 79, 80, fitted on the outer peripheries of 2 to 75.
81, and is configured to perform a braking action proportional to the vehicle speed.

The pendulums 72 to 75 are located between the flanges 66A and 66B with an installation width of 66, and are attached to both flanges 66A and 66B via spindles 68 to 71, so that they can be moved forward and backward in the circumferential direction. The units for forward and backward movements are arranged alternately, and one set includes two units for forward movement and two for backward movement.

In addition, the pendulum attachment wheels 66 and 67 are equipped with two in the illustrated example, and one of the pendulum attachment wheels 67 is not shown in the illustration, but it is a powerful acceleration limiter when the weight of the lightweight trolley 1 is large. In other words, if it is necessary to increase the braking force,
The pendulum may be attached in the same manner as the pendulum attachment ring 66.

According to the above embodiment of the present invention, by operating the direction switching lever 41 and locking with the locking mechanism 44,
The lightweight Toro 1 can be set in forward, backward, or neutral (stopped) states, and when stopped, it can be used in combination with the manual brake 9 to perform double-stop braking, and on uphill slopes, reverse is locked and push If this is stopped, the lightweight Toro 1 will not move backward and run away will be prevented.

In addition, on a downhill slope, the rotational force of the axle 5 is applied to the axle 4,
The centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the pendulums 72 to 75 is transmitted to the pendulums 72 to 75 via the power transmission device 7, the speed increasing mechanism 17, the small output gear 63, the brake rotation shaft 62, etc.
1 acts on the brake drum 64, a braking force is generated, and the rotation of the wheel 5 is braked.

This braking force increases in proportion to the rotational speed of the wheels 5, that is, the traveling speed of the lightweight trolley 1, so that the traveling speed of the lightweight trolley 1 does not exceed a certain level (for example, 5 kIn/H), that is, no acceleration occurs. , conversely, like an emergency stop device,
It is extremely safe because it does not suddenly stop on a downhill slope.

In the above embodiment, since the locking mechanism 44 of the switching lever 41 is adopted as the direction control means 6, the switching lever 41 will not move unless the lock is released, and the direction will not change if an object hits it during work. Work can be carried out safely because there is no risk of switching.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, since the pendulums 72 to 75 are configured by a leading/trailing system, the same performance can be exhibited in both forward and backward travel.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the connecting means between the slider 36 and the operating rod 37, in which coil springs 82 and 83 are fitted externally to the operating rod 37 and are located on both sides of the connecting portion 36A of the slider 36. , which creates a buffering effect and enables smooth transmission operation. Note that 84.85 is a spring washer, and 86.87 is a locking pin.

13 and 14 show another embodiment of the ratchet mechanism of the direction control means 6, which includes separate ratchet wheels 201 and 202 for forward and backward movement, each with a pawl 21
．． 22 are individually locked, and the operation and effect are the same as in the previous embodiment.

In the present invention, the direction control means 6 and the acceleration prevention means 8 can be provided so as to be operated from separate axles 4 via transmission mechanisms.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the speed increasing mechanism 17 is employed in order to stably operate the acceleration prevention means 8, but the wheel 5
This can be omitted if the rotation speed is large,
Further, it is possible to configure the acceleration prevention means 8 to be operated directly from the axle 4 via a wrap-type transmission mechanism,
Acceleration prevention means 8 can be provided coaxially with the axle 4. It can also be provided within the wheel 5.

The acceleration prevention means 8 can be configured by a combination of a generator, an electric or electromagnetic brake that utilizes the rotation of the axle 4, and further can be configured by a combination of a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic brake that utilize the rotation of the axle 4. It is possible,
Disc brakes can also be used.

In the embodiment described above, the acceleration prevention means 8 can be provided on the outer end side of the vehicle body 2 opposite to the position shown in the embodiment drawings, and the vehicle body 2 may be an integral one instead of a split type. .

FIG. 15 shows a device equipped with direction control means 6 and acceleration prevention means 8 driven by the rotational force of wheels 89 of baby carriage 88. Note that 90 is an axle and 91 is a caster.

FIG. 16 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a sleeping car 92 used in hospitals, etc., which is equipped with direction control means 6 and acceleration prevention means 8 driven by the rotational force of wheels 93. In addition,
94 is an axle, and 95 is a caster.

These baby carriages 88 and sleeping cars 92 can also be expected to have the same effects as the above-mentioned light trolley l.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the non-powered vehicle according to the present invention is equipped with the acceleration prevention means 8 driven by the rotational force of the wheels 5 on the vehicle body 2, acceleration is prevented even on a downhill slope or a slope, and it It is possible to drive safely at the same speed, and since it does not lock the wheels 5 during running and suddenly stop their rotation like an emergency stop device, the vehicle does not suddenly stop on a downhill slope, etc., and can maintain a substantially constant speed. There is no risk of secondary accidents such as cargo collapse, shock, derailment at curves, etc. even when the rail surface is wet due to rainwater etc.
Because the wheels are not locked, acceleration due to slipping is unlikely to occur.

Furthermore, since the present invention is provided with a direction control means 6 for controlling the rotational direction of the wheels 2, it is possible to travel only in a fixed direction such as forward or reverse, and in the neutral position, two ratchet wheels 20 are provided. The pawls 21 and 22 are locked at the same time, making it impossible to drive in either direction, and it has a parking brake function, so even when stopping in the middle of an uphill slope, it can be stopped in the downhill direction, that is, in the reverse direction. Since it is automatically locked, it does not run away and is safe, making it suitable for track maintenance work and work on slopes.

The direction control means 6 includes a ratchet wheel 20 and two pawls 21, 22 . and a means 3 for engaging and disengaging the claws 21 and 22.
0, the structure is simple and the operation is reliable.
By engaging and disengaging the pawls 21 and 22, it is possible to easily switch between traveling in a certain direction, that is, forward, reverse, and neutral.

Further, since the acceleration prevention means 8 is composed of the speed regulating mechanism 8A, the structure is simple and the braking action is proportional to the speed, and the operation is reliable and acceleration can be smoothly prevented. Since it is driven via the speed increasing mechanism 17, the speed regulating mechanism 8A is operated stably,
It is possible to reliably prevent acceleration.

Furthermore, since the means for transmitting the rotational force of the wheels 5 is the wrap type power transmission device 7, even if the axle 4 swings or is bent due to the load, the power can be reliably transmitted without any problem. can.

The speed regulating mechanism of the acceleration prevention means 8 includes pendulums 72 to 75.
In addition to adopting the same structure, the forward and reverse sets each have the same structure, so they can perform the same function in both forward and reverse directions.The structure is simple and the operation is reliable, resulting in stable acceleration. Prevention is possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and Figures 1 to 14 show a lightweight trolley to which the present invention is applied; Figure 1 is an overall side view;
Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the same, Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of main parts, Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a view taken along line B-B of Fig. 3. , FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the slider, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 3.
Fig. 9 is a partially cutaway front view of the pawl locking and disengaging means 1, Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line E-E in Fig. 9, and Fig. 1) is a partially omitted sectional view taken along the FF line in Fig. 9. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing another example of the connection structure between the slider and the operating rod, FIG. 13 is a partially cutaway side view showing another example of the ratcheting mechanism of the direction control means, and FIG. 14 is the same. Fig. 15 is a plan view of the ratchet wheel, and Fig. 15 is a schematic side view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a baby carriage.
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a sleeping car. 2-Car body, 4-Axle, 5-Wheel, 6-One side? II1 means, 7-wrap type power transmission device, 8-acceleration prevention means, 88-speed governor mechanism, 17-speed governor mechanism, 20-ratchet wheel, 2L22-claw, 30-claw engaging/disengaging operation means, 62 rotations Axis, 64 - brake drum, 72-75 - pendulum. Patent applicant Ni-no-chi West Japan Railway Company No. 21'…

Claims (10)

[Claims] (1) In a non-powered vehicle including a wheel 5 supported via an axle 4 on a vehicle body 2, the vehicle body 2 is driven by the rotational force of the wheel 5;
A non-powered vehicle characterized by being provided with an acceleration prevention means 8 that performs a braking action in proportion to the vehicle speed. (2) In a non-powered vehicle including a wheel 5 supported via an axle 4 on a vehicle body 2, the vehicle body 2 is driven by the rotational force of the wheel 5;
A non-powered vehicle characterized in that it is provided with an acceleration prevention means 8 that performs a braking action in proportion to the vehicle speed, and is also provided with a direction control means 6. (3) In a non-powered vehicle in which the vehicle body 2 is provided with wheels 5 supported via an axle 4, the vehicle body 2 is provided with at least one ratchet wheel 20 for controlling the rotational direction of the wheels 5. , two claws 21, 22
and a direction control means 6 consisting of means 30 for engaging and disengaging the claws 21 and 22. (4) The non-powered vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the acceleration prevention means 8 and the adjustment mechanism 8A. (5) The non-powered vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the acceleration prevention means 8 and the direction control means 6 are provided separately. (6) The non-powered vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wheels 5 are light trolleys that run on rails. (7) The non-powered vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, wherein the means for transmitting the rotational force of the wheel 5 is a wrap type power transmission device 7. (8) The non-powered vehicle according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7, wherein the acceleration prevention means 8 receives power from the direction control means 6 via the speed increasing mechanism 17. (9) The non-powered vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the speed regulating mechanism 8A has pendulums 72 to 75 equipped with the brake rotating shaft 62 in contact with the inner surface of the brake drum 64. (10) The non-powered vehicle according to claim 9, wherein each of the pendulums 72 to 75 includes one set for forward movement and one set for backward movement.