JPH02110254A - Method of collecting solar heat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make possible heat-exchanging with a wide heat receiving face, using a relatively small amount of a heat receiving medium liquid, by allowing the heat receiving medium liquid to flow down while swirling it obliquely downward in a state that it is deposited on the heat receiving face curved in a conical shape and the like, and by recovering said heat receiving medium liquid. CONSTITUTION:A heat receiving sheet member 1 and a partition sheet member 2 are supported at a predetermined position with the aid of a frame structure 3, the peripheral parts of both sheet members being partly overlapped with each other on a supporting base 5, and a closure space 10 substantially sealed is defined between both sheet members. The heat receiving sheet member 1 is inclined from, for example, its peripheral part toward any intermediate position 7. A liquid supply means 11 is provided along the rear side surface of the peripheral part of the heat receiving sheet member 1, and a heat receiving medium liquid is supplied to the rear side surface of the heat receiving sheet member 1. The liquid thus supplied is brought to a state that it is deposited on the rear side surface of the heat receiving sheet member, and flows down toward the intermediate position 7 along a flowing-down path P which is formed integrally with the heat receiving sheet member 1. This flowing-down path P is continuously or intermittently provided in a spiral form from the peripheral part of the heat receiving sheet member toward the intermediate position thereof. The liquid is collected into a trap 12 provided on the underside of the intermediate position.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method of collecting solar heat using the ground surface, ground structures, or various types of buildings.

[Prior Art] A technique is well known in which a liquid is supplied to the back surface of a heat receiving plate and allowed to flow down while remaining attached to the back surface. The use of various materials for the heat receiving plate has been proposed, and many different contour shapes of the heat receiving plate have been considered.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention 1] In this kind of conventional flowing-down type heat collector, the inclination direction of the heat receiving plate through which the liquid flows is limited to a fixed direction.

Therefore, if a large heat collecting surface is to be installed in one place, it becomes necessary to arrange a large number of heat collectors side by side, and a large-scale frame structure is required. Furthermore, as the number of heat collecting panels increases, the piping system becomes extremely complex, resulting in an increase in piping costs and maintenance costs.

[Means for Solving the Problems] An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above. The method for collecting solar heat according to the present invention includes supplying a heat receiving medium liquid to the front surface or back surface of a curved heat receiving surface such as a mortar shape or a conical shape, and attaching the heat receiving medium liquid to the heat receiving surface. This heat-receiving medium liquid is caused to flow down while swirling diagonally downward toward the middle or peripheral portion of the heat-receiving surface, and is collected as appropriate.

Any material can be used for forming the heat receiving surface, for example, a flexible fiber-reinforced resin sheet.

The sheet material selected is one that is extremely weather resistant, has excellent tensile strength, is lightweight, and is generally inexpensive.

By using this type of sheet, you can easily create a curved heat-receiving surface such as a mortar or cone shape with any angle by fixing or holding the periphery and then lowering or lifting the desired intermediate position. It is convenient and easy to form. When the heat-receiving medium liquid flows along the back surface of the heat-receiving surface as described above, a structure is used in which a bottom is installed below the heat-receiving surface to isolate the internal atmosphere from the outside. A cone-shaped bottom can be formed by stretching a sheet material over a pedestal set up in the ground, or a cone-shaped bottom can be cut in advance on the ground surface and a waterproof layer with insulation properties can be laid on the cut surface. Can be done. Alternatively, such a cone-shaped depression can be constructed by using the slab surface of an above-ground structure or various types of buildings.

[Operation] The heat-receiving medium liquid is supplied from the liquid supply means provided along the heat-receiving surface to the front surface or the back surface of the heat-receiving surface, and the heat-receiving medium liquid flows from the periphery along the flow path provided on the heat-receiving surface. It flows down toward the vicinity of the intermediate portion or from the vicinity of the intermediate portion toward the peripheral portion while swirling diagonally downward, and is collected at the lowest point of this heat receiving surface and collected as appropriate.

The heat receiving medium liquid supplied to the heat receiving surface flows down along the flow path due to the adhesive force of the heat receiving medium liquid itself.

Move along a relatively long path. As a result, the heat-receiving medium liquid stays on the heat-receiving surface for a long time, contacts the heat-receiving surface over a relatively wide area, and can remove a large amount of heat.

It is convenient because heat exchange with a wide heat receiving surface can be performed using a relatively small amount of heat receiving medium liquid.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[Example] FIGS. 1 and 2 are perspective views showing an example of a downstream type solar collector used when implementing the heat collection method of the present invention.

3 is a schematic vertical sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG.

The basic principle of the illustrated heat collectors is a so-called sealed flowing-down type heat collector, which has a structure in which a heat receiving medium liquid is supplied to the back surface of a heat receiving surface. Of course, a heat collector having a structure in which the heat receiving medium liquid is supplied to the front surface of the heat receiving surface, a so-called open flow type heat collector, can also be used as a device for carrying out the heat collection method of the present invention.

The illustrated sealed flow-down type heat collector includes a frame structure 3 that supports the whole. As shown in FIG. 4, this frame structure 3 includes leg portions 4 fixed to the ground or the like and a support base 5 that connects these leg portions. Although the planar contour shape of the support stand 5 is circular in the illustrated example, it may be rectangular.

The support stand 5 supports the peripheral edge of the partition sheet material 2 forming the bottom of the heat collector and the heat receiving sheet material 1 forming the heat receiving surface covering the upper side of the partition sheet material. These two sheet materials l and 2 rest on this support 5, and the outer peripheral edge 1a of the heat-receiving sheet material 1 is subjected to a radially outward pulling force via a tensioning means 6 or held. Fixed in place by means. On the other hand, the outer peripheral edge 2a of the partition sheet material 2 hangs down to form a surrounding skirt.

The heat-receiving sheet material 1 is held such that an arbitrary intermediate position 7 in the area inside from the peripheral edge is lower than other positions, and is inclined from the peripheral edge to the intermediate position 7 in the illustrated example. The intermediate position is formed by holding the heat-receiving sheet material fixedly by the pulling means 8 or by pulling it downward.

Further, at least a portion of the peripheral edge of the partition sheet material 2 is held by, for example, a fixing plate 9.

The heat-receiving sheet material 1 and the partition sheet material 2 are supported in a predetermined position using the frame structure 3 as described above, and a part of the peripheral edge is overlapped on the support stand 5, so that the heat receiving sheet material 1 and the partition sheet material 2 are A substantially sealed space 10 is formed therebetween.

In this sealed space 10, a liquid supply means 11 is provided along the back surface of the peripheral edge of the heat receiving sheet material 1, and is adapted to supply a heat receiving medium liquid to the back surface of the heat receiving sheet material. FIG. 5 shows an example of the liquid supply means 11. The supplied liquid adheres to the back surface of the heat-receiving sheet material and is integrated into the heat-receiving sheet material through a flow path P.
It flows down toward the intermediate position 7 along the line.

This flow path P is provided continuously or intermittently in a spiral shape from the periphery to the intermediate position. Due to its own adhesive force, the heat-receiving medium liquid flows downward while swirling obliquely downward along the flow path, reaches the intermediate portion, and is collected in the trap 12 provided below the intermediate position.

The intermediate position 7 of the heat receiving sheet material 1 can be freely selected in advance. Moreover, it can also be configured so that its position can be changed as necessary. The inclination of the heat-receiving sheet material is also a matter of choice. For example, when the incident angle of light is large, such as in a low-latitude region, the intermediate position can be placed at the center of the heat-receiving sheet material. In our country, direct solar radiation can usually be increased by shifting the intermediate position toward the south. FIG. 1 shows an example in which the intermediate position is placed at the center of the heat receiving sheet material, and FIG. 2 shows an example in which the intermediate position is placed offset.

The heat-receiving sheet material 1 can also be further covered with a transparent sheet material 13 to obtain a greenhouse effect. The heat receiving sheet material may also be provided with a rainwater drainage duct near the intermediate position.

It is also possible to add an additional insulation layer to the partition sheet.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are perspective views showing other examples of a flowing solar collector used when carrying out the heat collection method of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view taken along line III. The flowing-down type heat collectors shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 are modifications of the heat collectors shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, but the same parts are given the same reference numerals.

The collector of the illustrated embodiment comprises a frame structure 3 supporting the whole. As shown in FIG. 9, this frame structure 3 includes leg portions 4 fixed to the ground or the like and a support base 5 that connects these leg portions. Although this support stand 5 is circular in the example shown in FIG. 1, it may be rectangular.

The support stand 5 supports the peripheral edge of the partition sheet material 2 forming the bottom of the heat collector and the heat receiving sheet material l forming the heat receiving surface covering the upper side of the partition sheet material. These two sheet materials 1 and 2 are placed on this support 5, and the outer peripheral edge 1a of the heat-receiving sheet material l is subjected to a radially outward pulling force via a tensioning means 6 or is held. It is fixed in place by means. On the other hand, the outer peripheral edge 2a of the partition sheet material 2 hangs down to form a surrounding skirt.

The heat receiving sheet material 1 is held such that an arbitrary intermediate position 7 in the area inside from the peripheral edge is higher than other positions, and is inclined from the intermediate position 7 to the peripheral edge. The intermediate position is formed by holding the heat-receiving sheet material fixedly by the lifting means 8 or by pulling it upward.

Further, at least a portion of the peripheral edge of the partition sheet material 2 is held by, for example, a fixing plate 9.

The heat-receiving sheet material 1 and the partition sheet material 2 are supported in a predetermined position using the frame structure 3 as described above, and a part of the peripheral edge is overlapped on the support stand 5, so that the heat receiving sheet material 1 and the partition sheet material 2 are A substantially sealed space 10 is formed therebetween.

In this sealed space 10, a liquid supply means 11 is provided along the back surface of the intermediate position 7 of the heat receiving sheet material 1, and is adapted to supply a heat receiving medium liquid to the back surface of the heat receiving sheet material 1. FIG. 10 shows an example of the liquid supply means 11. The supplied liquid adheres to the back surface of the heat-receiving sheet material and flows down toward the peripheral edge along a flow path P that is integrated with the heat-receiving sheet material.

This flow path P is provided continuously or intermittently in a spiral shape from the intermediate position to the peripheral edge. Due to its own adhesive force, the heat receiving medium liquid flows downward while swirling diagonally downward along the flow path, reaches the peripheral edge, and is collected in the trap 12 provided below the peripheral edge.

The intermediate position 7 of the heat receiving sheet material 1 can be freely selected in advance. Moreover, it can also be configured so that its position can be changed as necessary. The inclination of the heat-receiving sheet material is also a matter of choice. For example, when the angle of incidence of light is large, such as in low latitude regions, an intermediate position can be placed at the center of the heat-receiving sheet material. In our country, direct solar radiation can usually be increased by shifting the intermediate position toward the south. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the intermediate position is arranged at the center of the heat receiving sheet material, and FIG. 7 shows an example in which it is arranged offset.

The heat-receiving sheet material 1 can also be further covered with a transparent sheet material 13 to obtain a greenhouse effect. Furthermore, a heat insulating layer can be further attached to the partition sheet.

FIG. 11 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing still another modification of the above-described flowing-down type heat collector. In the illustrated heat collector, a mortar-shaped depression made of cast-in-place concrete forms the bottom of the flowing-down type heat collector. The mortar-shaped recess formed in the concrete slab surface 14 can be formed using, for example, the slab surface of an above-ground structure such as a building or other various structures.

FIGS. 12 and 13 are schematic plan views showing specific examples of the patterns of the above-described downstream paths P.

In the pattern example of FIG. 12, the flow path P is formed in a continuous spiral shape, and in the pattern example of FIG. 13, the flow path P is provided in a biased state.

The flow path can be constructed from a variety of materials.

For these materials, elastomer or blastomer synthetic materials with excellent weather resistance can be used. Such materials can be adhered to the surface of the heat receiving plate by techniques such as painting, silk-screen printing, pasting, or hot rolling.

As mentioned above, by gluing a flexible material to the heat receiving sheet material and regulating the direction of the flowing heat receiving medium liquid with this material, the liquid flowing down along the surface of the heat receiving plate can be focused or It becomes difficult to meander irregularly and flows down along the flow path P. This regulating effect in the downstream direction is not greatly influenced by the contour shape of the heat receiving plate or the length of the heat receiving plate.

Furthermore, this flow path P can be bonded to the heat receiving plate surface at intervals of, for example, several millimeters to several tens of centimeters, and the thickness of the material can range from, for example, several tens of microns to several centimeters, using conventional methods and well-known methods. can be easily formed and bonded using materials such as

Note that the flow path is not limited to the adhesive layer made of such materials, and can be appropriately selected depending on the material of the heat-receiving surface, such as by sewing strip materials.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the method for collecting solar heat according to the present invention, the heat receiving medium liquid supplied to the intermediate position or the peripheral edge of the heat receiving surface can be transferred from the intermediate position to the peripheral edge only by the action of gravity. Moreover, since the heat receiving medium liquid moves over a wide range, a relatively small amount of the heat receiving medium liquid can be used to cover a wide area. Conveying power can also be significantly reduced. The heat-receiving medium liquid supplied to the heat-receiving surface is
It moves along a relatively long downstream path. As a result, the heat-receiving medium liquid stays on the heat-receiving surface for a long time, contacts the heat-receiving surface over a relatively wide area, and can remove a large amount of heat.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a flowing-down type heat collector when the intermediate position is approximately at the center, which is used when carrying out the method of collecting solar heat according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a flowing-down type heat collector in which the intermediate position is offset. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-section of a portion of the peripheral edge of the downstream type heat collector. FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view showing an example of a liquid supply means installed at the peripheral edge of the heat receiving surface. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of a flowing-down type heat collector in which the intermediate position is approximately at the center, which is used when carrying out the method of collecting solar heat according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a flowing-down type heat collector in which the intermediate position is offset. 8 is a schematic vertical sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 7. FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a portion of the peripheral edge of the downstream type heat collector. FIG. 10 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a liquid supply means installed at an intermediate position of the heat receiving surface. FIG. 11 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an example in which a cast-in-place concrete slab surface is used as the bottom of a heat collector. FIGS. 12 and 13 are schematic plan views showing examples of patterns of downstream paths, respectively. l ・ a 2 ・ a 3 ・ 4 ・ 5 ・ 6 ・ 7 ・ 8 ・ Heat-receiving sheet material/Outer periphery of heat-receiving sheet material Partition sheet material/Outer periphery of partition sheet material Frame structure Leg support base Tension means intermediate Position lifting means fixing plate, sealed space, liquid supply means, trap, transparent sheet material, concrete slab surface flow path

Claims (1)

[Claims] A curved diagonal heat receiving surface such as a conical or mortar shape is provided, and a diagonally downward flow is applied to the front or back surface of the curved diagonal heat receiving surface to the periphery of the heat receiving surface or from the periphery to the vicinity of the intermediate portion. A path is formed, and the heat-receiving medium supplied near the periphery or middle of the heat-receiving surface is allowed to flow down while swirling toward the middle or periphery of the heat-receiving surface while remaining attached to the flow path of the heat-receiving surface. A solar heat collection method that exchanges heat between the medium liquid and the heat receiving surface.