JPH02107403A - Mold for water curable substance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate coating of mold release agent on a molding face, remarkable reduction thereof and to obtain a mold in which the surface of a molded form can be finished beautifully by forming a porous layer on the surface of the side in contact with water curable substance and forming a reinforcing layer inside the porous layer. CONSTITUTION:A surface pattern mold 15 of predetermined shape is mounted in forms 11, and predetermined water curable substances 13 such as concrete, foamable concrete, mortar, and gypsum are poured in the mold 15. Excessive water contained in the substances 13 is oozed out through connected bubbles 18 of a porous layer 17 to a boundary to a reinforcing layer 16, and externally drained from the gaps or drain holes of the forms 11. Thereafter, when the substances 13 are cured after a predetermined period of time is elapsed, the substance 13 are removed from the forms 11. In this case, since a mold release agent 12 is impregnated into the surface of the layer 17, the cured substances 13 can be easily removed from a molding face 17A.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a mold used for molding hydraulic materials such as concrete, mortar, lightweight cellular concrete, and plaster, and is suitable for use in construction panels, civil engineering, etc. It can be used for manufacturing materials, plaster art, etc.

[Prior art] When molding hydraulic materials such as concrete and lightweight cellular concrete, conventionally a formwork is assembled and the surface of the formwork that comes into contact with the hydraulic material (hereinafter referred to as the molding surface) is coated with oil, etc. One method is to apply a mold release agent to improve the shape of the mold after molding.

That is, when molding a molded product with a flat surface, as shown in FIG. 8, a mold release agent 2 such as oil is applied to the flat molding surface 1Δ of the mold 1, and A hydraulic substance 3 such as concrete is injected and hardened to obtain the desired molded product. In addition, when it is desired to form a predetermined pattern on the surface of a molded product, as shown in FIG. A mold release agent 2 is applied to the molding surface 5A of the surface pattern mold 5, and a hydraulic substance 3 is injected onto the surface pattern mold 5 to obtain a desired molded product.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in such a conventional molding method, the hydraulic material 3 which is the molded product and the mold! Or surface pattern mold 5
In order to improve the mold releasability from the mold, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the molding surfaces IA and 5A and apply the mold release agent 2 after each molding. For this reason, the molding work has become complicated, which has been a bottleneck in manufacturing. Furthermore, the mold release agent 2 may impair the physical properties of the surface of the molded product, and also requires capital investment in wastewater treatment for pollution prevention purposes.

By the way, in recent years, as mold release agent-free formwork, the surface of the formwork has been changed to FR.
Products coated with P (fiber-reinforced plastic), fluororesin, and other materials with good mold releasability have come into use, but they are not perfect, especially for large-sized molded products with surface patterns. For example, when used in large concrete panels for housing, etc., there are problems such as peeling of the surface of the molded product or generation of coarse bubbles during demolding or demolding.

An object of the present invention is to provide a mold for a hydraulic material that can eliminate or significantly reduce the application of a mold release agent to the molding surface, and can give a beautiful finish to the surface of the molded product.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention is a mold for a hydraulic material, characterized in that a porous layer is formed on the surface in contact with the hydraulic material, and a reinforcing layer is formed inside the porous layer.

In the present invention, the porous layer can be made of, for example, foamed resin, sand, gravel, etc. bonded to make it porous with a suitable adhesive (binder), nonwoven fabric, or other suitable porous materials. , the material does not matter. Further, the material of the reinforcing layer is not limited, but it is desirable that the reinforcing layer has flexibility.

[Effect]

In order to mold a hydraulic material using the mold of the present invention, the surface of the porous layer is impregnated with a mold release agent as required, and in this state, the hydraulic material is injected into the mold. , harden. At this time, excess water contained in the hydraulic material passes through the porous layer and is separated from the hydraulic material, eliminating surface bubbles and making the surface of the hydraulic material clean, that is, smooth. When demolding after curing, it can be easily demolded by the action of a mold release agent. In addition, since the mold release agent is sufficiently impregnated into the porous layer, there is no need to reapply the mold release agent the next time the hydraulic substance is injected, and molding can be performed multiple times without applying the mold release agent. be able to.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. Here, the same or equivalent components in each embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.

A first embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1-38. In FIG. 1, which shows a cross section of a main part, a surface pattern mold 15 is installed on a mold frame 11 serving as a base. The surface pattern mold 15 includes a reinforcing layer 16 made of hard or flexible plastic wood, wood, or other appropriate material having a predetermined strength.
6 and a porous layer 17 formed to a predetermined thickness. The upper surface of the reinforcement 516 is formed into an uneven shape that is similar to the shape to be formed on the surface of the hydraulic material 13 such as concrete, mortar, lightweight cellular concrete, or plaster poured into the formwork 11, and the porous layer 17 is It is provided along this unevenness, and the surface of this porous layer 17 on the side that comes into contact with the hydraulic substance 13, that is, the molding surface 17A, has a predetermined uneven surface. The surface side of this porous layer 17 is impregnated with a predetermined mold release agent 12 such as oil, so that the molding surface 17A of the porous layer 17 has good mold release properties.

The porous layer 17 is made of foamed urethane or other foamed resin,
It is composed of hard sponge, hard urethane or other hard resin foam, natural or artificial particles such as sand or gravel bonded with an appropriate binder, non-woven fabric, etc.
Bubbles 18 communicating with each other as shown in FIG. 3(A)
As shown in FIG. 3(B), the surface is impregnated with a necessary and sufficient amount of mold release agent 12. At this time, each of the communicating bubbles 18 of the porous layer 17 serves as an excess water passage for the hydraulic material 13 when the hydraulic material 13 is molded.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

In order to obtain a predetermined molded product, a surface pattern mold 15 with a predetermined shape is installed in the formwork 11, and a predetermined hydraulic material 13 such as concrete, aerated concrete, mortar, or plaster is poured onto the surface pattern mold 15. inject. This hydraulic substance 13
The excess water contained in the air bubbles 18 of the porous JW17
It oozes out through the boundary with the reinforcing layer 16 and is discharged to the outside through gaps in the formwork 11 or drainage holes (not shown).

Thereafter, when the hydraulic substance 13 hardens after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, the hydraulic substance 13 is removed from the mold 11.
, the hardened hydraulic substance 13 is easily released from the molding surface 17A.

During this mold release, since the mold release agent 12 is impregnated inside the pores 7117, the amount of migration to the hydraulic substance 13 is small, unlike the conventional example in which the mold release agent 12 is simply applied to a flat molding surface. The surface of the hydraulic substance 13 will not be roughened.

The hydraulic substance 13 that has been hardened and demolded in this manner is cured by being left alone or by being placed in an autoclave.

Further, the mold 11 and the surface pattern mold 15 from which the hydraulic material 13 has been removed are used again for molding the next hydraulic material 1713, either as they are or after the surface is briefly cleaned.

Thereafter, the above-described operations are repeated to successively manufacture predetermined molded products using the hydraulic material 13. In this molding, the initial impregnation of the mold release agent 12 into the porous layer 17 is sufficient to obtain a large number of molded products, but if the mold releasability between the molding surface 17A and the hydraulic substance 13 deteriorates, The molding surface 17 is cleaned and impregnated with the mold release agent 12 again to continue molding.

According to this embodiment as described above, there are the following effects.

That is, in this embodiment, a porous layer 17 is provided on the surface of the surface pattern mold 15, and the mold release agent 1 is applied to the porous layer 17 in advance.
2 is impregnated in a necessary and sufficient amount, the hydraulic substance 13 can be easily released from the mold, and the mold release agent 12 does not disappear from the porous layer 17 due to one or several moldings. The release agent 12 can continue to act as a mold release agent over multiple molding cycles. Therefore, when molding the hydraulic material 13, the work of cleaning the molding surface 17A and applying the mold release agent 12, which were conventionally complicated work, can be eliminated or significantly reduced. Further, since the mold release agent 12 is impregnated into the porous layer 17, the amount of the mold release agent 12 transferred to the hydraulic substance 13 during mold release is small, and deterioration in physical properties of the surface of the molded product can be improved.

Furthermore, since the porous layer 17 has air bubbles 18 that communicate with each other, excess water in the hydraulic material 13 can be discharged through the air bubbles 18 when the hydraulic material 13 is cured, thereby reducing roughness on the surface of the hydraulic material 13. can be kept to a minimum. Also, porous FJ
Since the molding surface 17A of No. 17 has good mold releasability from the hydraulic material 13 due to the action of the mold release agent 12, from this point of view as well, the surface of the molded product of the hydraulic material ¥t13 can be made extremely beautiful. moreover,
Since the porous layer 17 is sufficiently reinforced by the reinforcing layer 16, the molding surface 17A will not be destroyed by injection of the hydraulic substance 13. Furthermore, if the reinforcing layer 16 is made of a flexible material, the surface pattern mold 15 can be deformed when assembling or demolding the mold, thereby improving handleability. Furthermore, even if the molding surface 17A of the surface pattern mold 15 is damaged due to repeated molding, only the porous layer 17 needs to be remade.
can be recycled and used at low cost.

4 and 5 show different examples in which the above embodiment is applied to an actual mold.

That is, in FIG. 4, the mold lO is formed as a horizontal mold, and the mold 11 is composed of a bottom plate 11A and a side wall lIB, and the inner surfaces of the bottom plate 11A and side walls 11B have a surface having a predetermined surface pattern. Pattern molds 15A and 15B
is fixed.

At this time, the surfaces of the surface pattern forming molds 15A and 15B that are in contact with the hydraulic substance 13 are covered with a porous layer 17 as in the previous embodiment.
is formed, and a mold release agent 12 is applied.

Hydraulic material'! By injecting and curing T13, a horizontal plate-shaped molded product can be obtained, which can be used as the outer wall of a building, etc.

FIG. 5 shows a vertical type mold 10. As shown in FIG. The mold frame 11 of this mold 10 has a narrow bottom plate (IC) and a tall side wall (11D). Surface pattern molds 15c and 15D commensurate with the respective widths are provided on the inner surfaces of the bottom Fi, 11A and the side wall 11D, and the other configurations are the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

According to such a mold lO of FIG. 5, a molded product having a predetermined pattern formed on two wide surfaces can be obtained, and can be used for partition walls and the like.

6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the mold of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the structure of the surface pattern mold 15.

That is, in this embodiment, the reinforcing layer 16 is formed into a flat plate shape with no unevenness, and the porous layer 17 having a molded surface 17A having predetermined unevenness is formed on the upper surface of this reinforcing layer 16. The surface side of the layer 17 is impregnated with a mold release agent 12. This porous layer 17 is made of the same material as in the first embodiment, and the cross-sectional structure of the surface portion is also as shown in FIG.
) and (B).

In this embodiment configured in this way, it is possible to achieve the same functions and effects as those of the above-mentioned first example, and the surface pattern mold 15 can be easily created. That is, the surface pattern mold 15 of this embodiment is manufactured as follows. When using plastic, etc. as the porous layer material, carve a male mold of the same shape as the product from aerated concrete, plaster, wood, etc., cover the area around this male mold with a weir plate, and then Inject liquid foam resin (plastic) etc. into the space surrounded by the male mold and make the female mold, i.e.
A porous layer 17 in this example is obtained. This porous jffl
A reinforcing material N16 made of plastic or other appropriate material is poured or adhered onto the female mold 17 to obtain a surface pattern mold 15. On the other hand, if the porous layer material is made by bonding gravel or other granules with a binder, the porous layer material before hardening is placed on the reinforcing layer 16 to a predetermined thickness, and the upper surface of the porous layer material is The porous layer 17 may be formed by pressing a Φ shape having a predetermined shape and holding it for a predetermined time to harden the porous layer 17.

In the first and second embodiments, the surface pattern mold 15 is placed on the mold 11 to obtain a molded product with a predetermined pattern formed on the surface of the hydraulic material 13. The present invention is not limited to this, and the surface of the molded product may be flat. In this case, the molding surface 17A of the porous layer 17 may be formed to be flat.

As a reinforcing layer for reinforcing the strength of this flat porous layer 17, a reinforcing layer 16 which is flat and separate from the formwork 11 similar to the reinforcing fi 16 shown in the second embodiment may be used, or Alternatively, the porous layer 17 may be provided directly on the surface of the formwork 11 without using such a separate reinforcement 1116, and the formwork 11 may also serve as a reinforcing layer. Even when forming the reinforcing layer 1
In short, in the present invention, regardless of the name of the separate reinforcing layer 16 or the formwork 11, etc., the reinforcing layer 16 or the formwork 11 may be formed on the surface of the side in contact with the hydraulic material 13. It is only necessary that there is a reinforcing layer for reinforcing the porous layer 17, and this reinforcing layer is provided inside the porous layer 17.
Furthermore, the mold release agent 12 is not limited to the one that is impregnated into the surface of the porous layer 17 after forming the porous layer 17 as in each of the above embodiments.
The mold release agent 12 is added to the material itself for forming the porous layer 17.
The mold release agent 12 does not necessarily need to be used if the porous layer material has a mold release property and the porous layer material has a good mold release property.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As mentioned above, according to the present invention, it is possible to eliminate or significantly reduce the application of a mold release agent to the molding surface, eliminate sagging during manufacturing, and make it possible to finish the surface of the molded product beautifully. effective.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 3 show the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the main part, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a part of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 (A) and (B) are enlarged sectional views of the A) is a sectional view showing the state before application of the mold release agent, and (B) is a sectional view showing the state after application of the mold release agent. FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views in which the first embodiment is applied to different types of molds, respectively. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the main part,
FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of part 4 of FIG. 6. FIGS. 8 and 9 are sectional views of main parts showing different conventional examples. 10... Molding mold, 11... Formwork, 12... Mold release agent, 13... Hydraulic substance, 15... Surface pattern mold,
16... Reinforcement layer, 17... Porous layer, 18... Air bubbles.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A mold for a hydraulic material, characterized in that a porous layer is formed on the surface in contact with the hydraulic material, and a reinforcing layer is formed inside the porous layer.