JPH02102782A - Oil-water separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To continuously separate and recover floating oil by forming a baffle weir for an oil-water mixture with a hydrophobic and oleophilic oil adsorbent with the bulk density increased. CONSTITUTION:The priming oil 14 consisting of floating oil and oil of the same kind is injected into a hollow float 4, and the oil adsorbent 5 is impregnated and saturated with the oil. The float 4 is then floated in the oil-water mixture so that the surface of the oil 14 is kept at a height determined by a recovered oil overflow pipe 9. The height of the floating float 4 is controlled so that the floating oil 3 is always brought into contact with the oil adsorbent 5 below the surface of the priming oil 14. At this time, the priming oil 14 stored in the float 4 is sucked up into the oil adsorbent 5 to a certain height to saturation without entraining bubbles due to the oleophilcity and capillarity of the oil adsorbent 5. By this method, floating oil can be efficiently separated.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating and recovering liquid oil floating in water, and in particular does not require human power or power for separation and extraction. Regarding oil and water nada equipment.

[Conventional technology]

A method of separating and recovering liquid oil floating in water from an oil-water mixture without using human power or power is to use a partition weir height or
There is a known method in which the upper end of a partition weir is positioned near the interface between floating oil and water by adjusting the liquid level height, and only the floating oil overflows from this weir and is separated from the water.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the above example, in the method of overflowing the oil from the top of the partition weir to separate the pool from the water and recover it, if the thickness of the oil layer of the floating oil becomes thin or if there are waves on the liquid surface, , it becomes difficult to position the top of the weir correctly at the interface between the floating oil and water, which may result in water getting mixed into the recovered oil or a large amount of floating oil remaining, reducing separation and recovery efficiency. There was a problem.

The present invention solves the problems of the method of separating and recovering floating oil by overflowing only the floating oil from the upper end of a partition weir. To provide an oil-water separator that can continuously separate and recover floating oil from water without using human power or power, without requiring minute adjustments to the weir height until it becomes a film. The purpose is to

[Means to solve the problem]

The above problem can be solved by using a hydrophobic and lipophilic oil adsorbent with increased bulk density to form a blocking weir or a part of the blocking weir for the oil-water mixture. The floating oil and oil adsorbent are brought into contact with each other in the liquid, and on the opposite side of the oil-water mixture across the weir, the lower part of the oil adsorbent is immersed in prime oil of the same type as the floating oil, and the oil adsorbent is saturated. Install a priming oil overflow weir or an overflow pipe so that the priming oil is absorbed by the priming oil, and the oil level of the priming oil is always lower than the floating oil, and collect the overflowing oil. It is solved by

[Effect]

Oil permeates preferentially into the hydrophobic and lipophilic oil adsorbent constructed as above due to capillary action, and up to a certain height from the curved surface of the priming oil, the priming oil does not contain any air bubbles until it is saturated with oil. Oil is sucked up, and this sucked up oil has a permeation pressure within the oil adsorbent that corresponds to the height of the priming oil from the oil surface. In this state, even if the water in the oil-water mixture comes into contact with the oil-saturated sorbent material, unless the hydrostatic pressure of the water exceeds the permeation pressure of the oil, the water will flow inside the hydrophobic sorbent material. cannot penetrate. However, when the floating oil comes into contact with the oil adsorbent above the oil level of the priming oil, the floating oil is absorbed by the oil adsorbent, and the supersaturated oil within the oil adsorbent moves downward within the oil adsorbent due to gravity. It flows continuously into the priming oil side. This oil is taken out to the outside and collected through an overflow pipe designed to maintain a constant level of priming oil.

Even below the oil surface of the priming oil, the oil permeates into the saturated state throughout the entire height of the immersed oil sorbent without containing any air bubbles, and this permeation pressure causes the oil in the priming oil to saturated. Pressure energy with the addition of hydrostatic pressure commensurate with the depth from the surface is retained inside the oil adsorbent.

Therefore, even if the water of the oil-water mixture contacts the oil adsorbent below the oil surface of the priming oil, the hydrostatic pressure of the water maintains a static pressure relationship that does not exceed the pressure of the oil inside the oil adsorbent at that position. In the range
Water cannot penetrate inside the oil adsorbent.

In this way, the interface between the floating oil and water in the oil-water mixture is within the range above the oil level of the priming oil and below the saturated suction height of the priming oil into the interior of the oil adsorbent. As long as the height of the boundary surface changes, the oil adsorbent separates only the floating oil from water and selectively permeates to the prime oil side, and continues to flow continuously until the floating oil layer becomes thin and forms an oil film. It becomes possible to collect it.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1)1. J: This is an embodiment in which the oil separation/extraction section is of a hollow float type. In FIG. 1, an oil-water mixture container 1 stores an oil-water mixture consisting of water 2 and floating oil 3, and a hollow float 4 is floated on the hot oil-water mixture. The hollow float 4 is composed of a hollow cylindrical oil adsorbent 5, an upper presser 6 for compressing the oil adsorbent 5 in the axial direction of the hollow cylinder, and an upper presser plate 7. The oil adsorbent 5 has
For example, a plurality of donut-shaped polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabrics are stacked and used, and the upper presser plate 6 and the upper presser plate 7 are placed on top and bottom of the pieces, and the tightening bolts 8 are used.
Tighten with. A recovery oil overflow pipe 9 is attached to the upper holding plate 7 so as to pass through the plate and protrude to an appropriate height into the internal hollow part of the hollow floater. , recovered oil extraction pipe 10 for extracting recovered oil to the outside
Attach it by passing it through the side wall. The recovered oil overflow pipe 9 and the recovered oil take-out pipe 10 are connected by a flexible tube 11 for guiding the recovered oil to the outside by natural flow from the hollow float. The flexible tube 11 has flexibility and a length that does not prevent the free floating of the hollow float soil even when the liquid level of the oil-water temperature mixture changes, and
Install so as to ensure a position that does not impede the natural flow of recovered oil.

The recovered oil 1 is located below the external outlet opening of the recovered oil extraction pipe 10.
A recovery oil sump 13 is installed to temporarily store oil.

When recovering floating oil using this device, first, a priming oil 14 made of oil of the same type as the floating oil is injected into the hollow interior of the hollow float 4, and the oil is saturated inside the oil adsorbent 5. After that, the oil level of the priming oil 14 is maintained at the height determined by the recovered oil overflow pipe 9,
The hollow float 4 is suspended in an oil-water mixture. The floating height of the hollow float 4 is such that the floating oil 3 always contacts the oil adsorbent 5 below the oil level height of the priming oil 14.

It is set by a buoyancy adjustment device for the hollow float 4 (not shown).

When doing the above, the priming oil 14 stored in the hollow inside of the hollow float ± can reach a height of about 1100 u above the oil surface of the priming oil without containing air bubbles due to the lipophilicity and capillarity of the oil adsorbent 5. , is always sucked up into the oil adsorbent 5 in a saturated state. By making the height of the oil adsorbent 5 equal to the saturated suction height, the hollow float soil can absorb the oil contact formed by this saturated suction oil and the upper and lower holding plates 6. ,7 and the inherent hydrophobicity of the oil adsorbent,
Maintains watertightness against water 2. On the other hand, with respect to the floating oil 3, the oil adsorbent 5 exhibits non-oil tightness due to the inherent lipophilicity of the material, and the floating oil 3 is separated from water through the hollow float below to the priming oil 14 side. and allow it to ooze out. 9. Collect the seeped oil through the oil overflow pipe. The oil is collected to the outside of the oil/water mixture container 1 through the flexible tube 11 and the collected oil extraction pipe 10 .

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment in which an oil-water separator for separating and recovering floating oil from water according to the present invention is added to a known forward type oil-water separation tank for separating water from floating oil. In FIG. 2, the oil-water separation tank 21 has an oil-water mixed liquid inlet pipe 2.
An oil-water mixture flows in from the separated water overflow pipe 23, and water from which oil has been separated flows out from the separated water overflow pipe 23. An opening is provided in the upper part of the side wall of the oil-water mixed liquid side of this oil-water separation tank 21, and from the outside of the tank,
For example, the opening is closed by tightening the opening closing plate 25 with a gasket 24 made of an oil absorbing material made of a nonwoven polypropylene fiber fabric sandwiched therebetween. Gasket 2 made of oil absorbent material
Tighten with the outer edge side of the tightening part 4 exposed to the outside, and then tighten it.
A prime oil phase oil pot 26 for immersing in the oil below the source,
It is attached to the side wall of the oil/water separation tank 21 on the outside of the opening closing plate 25. A priming oil 14 of the same type as the floating oil is poured into the priming oil phase oil pot 26. Further, a recovered oil overflow pipe 9 is attached to the prime oil phase oil pot 26 for taking out the recovered oil to the outside while maintaining the curved surface of the prime oil 14 at an appropriate height. The installation height of the recovered oil overflow pipe 9 is determined by the oil level height of the priming oil 14, and the installation height of the separation water temperature flow pipe 23 is determined by the height 10 below the water level.
Set to hold the 0nn position. Oil/water separation tank 2
The lower end of the oil-water mixed liquid side opening of No. 1 is located below the water level determined by the installation height of the separated water temperature flow pipe 23 and above the oil level of the priming oil 14. When doing this, the floating oil 3 is separated from the water 2 by the action of the oil adsorbent similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
A trowel can be collected.

Even if the flow temporarily sinks below the water surface due to wave motion, the hollow float has a water-1E structure, so no water will enter the float, and only the floating oil will be separated. Recovery action is ensured.

Even if the oil-water separator for floating oil recovery according to the present invention is fixedly attached to the side wall of an oil-water mixed liquid tank, the height of the interface between the floating oil and water is above the level of the priming oil. , and as long as it is below the saturated suction height of the prime oil due to capillary effect at the tightening part of the oil adsorbent, only the floating oil will be automatically separated from the water even if the interface height changes. can be recovered.

In addition, since the present invention is a system in which the floating oil flows down through the oil adsorbent to the priming oil side located below, an inverted U-shaped oil suction device made of the same oil adsorbent is used. Compared to known methods in which oil is sucked up to the top of the shape by capillary action and then collected outside, the floating oil separation and recovery speed can be improved several hundred times even when using the same amount of oil adsorbent. can.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, in the case of a hollow float type, the float always floats at an appropriate height above the liquid surface, so even if the liquid level changes due to an increase or decrease in the oil/water mixture or waves, the hollow float There is no water intrusion into the inside of the float, and only the floating oil can be continuously and automatically separated and extracted from the water without the use of manual or power and collected to the outside. can.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the invention.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An oil-water separator for separating and recovering oil from an oil-water mixture containing liquid floating oil, comprising a hydrophobic and lipophilic oil adsorbent with increased bulk density. The oil-water mixed liquid blocking weir or a part of the blocking weir is configured, and the floating oil and the oil adsorbent are brought into contact with each other on the oil-water mixed liquid side of the blocking weir, and the above-mentioned On the opposite side to the oil-water mixture, the same type as the floating oil, and always,
By immersing the oil adsorbent in priming oil that maintains the oil level below the floating oil and allowing the oil adsorbent to absorb the priming oil to a saturated state, the baffle weir is able to absorb the oil-water mixture. The floating oil is separated from the water by maintaining watertightness with respect to the water regardless of the presence or absence of the floating oil, and non-oiltightness with respect to the floating oil when the floating oil is present. An oil/water separator characterized in that the oil is collected by oozing out to the prime oil side.