JPH02100873A - Method and device for removing asbestos - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the generation of an asbestos floating dust by peeling off the asbestos layer inside a zone in the separation space, with maintaining the separation space of the inside of a fluid injecting curtain in a negative pressure from the external part and collecting this peeled asbestos layer to the outside of the separation space together with the recovery of the jet fluid body by the negative pressure suction after crushing it in the separation space. CONSTITUTION:A fluid body is injected from an annular nozzle 14 in a curtain shape so as to surround the peripheral edge of the zone of a limited area to the asbestos face to be removed which is sprayed to the ceiling face R of an existing building and the zone is made in the state of separating from the circumference by a fluid injection curtain. The separation space of the inside of this fluid injecting curtain is maintained in negative pressure from the external part by a pressure reducing suction device 122 and the asbestos layer A of the zone inside is peeled off by a rotary cutter 24 in the separation space. This peeled asbestos is collected to the outside of this separation space together with the recovery of the jet fluid body by the negative pressure suction after being crushed by a crusher roll 28.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing asbestos layers that have been applied to walls and ceilings of buildings.

[Conventional technology] Many existing buildings have asbestos surfaces on their walls and ceilings, which were once useful for purposes such as sound absorption, heat insulation, and dew prevention. Asbestos is a carcinogenic substance, and therefore there is an urgent need to improve asbestos surfaces in existing buildings.

There are two methods for renovating asbestos surfaces: one is to solidify and contain the asbestos layer as it is by injecting or applying resin, and the other is to completely remove the asbestos layer.

With the method of solidifying and containing asbestos, it is difficult to completely solidify the entire asbestos layer, and it is not possible to confirm it.Therefore, there remains a risk that floating dust of unsolidified asbestos will be generated when the building is demolished.

In contrast, removing the asbestos layer is a wise method that will not leave any problems in the future.

Conventional asbestos removal methods include pulverizing the asbestos layer by jetting high-pressure water and washing it away, mechanically scraping it off with a scraper, or combining this with a vacuum suction machine. .

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Among the conventional asbestos removal methods, in the method of injecting high-pressure water, when the asbestos is crushed by the injected water, fine asbestos flows out with the running water.
There is a post-treatment problem in that a large amount of wastewater must be filtered.

On the other hand, with the method of mechanically scraping off the asbestos layer, if you suddenly remove the dry asbestos layer with a scraper, floating asbestos dust will scatter, so be sure to spray water etc. beforehand and then inject a solidifying liquid. The peeling process begins, but the injection process itself and solidification take time.
Furthermore, even with these preparations, it was not possible to completely prevent the generation of asbestos floating dust.

Furthermore, no matter which method is used, in order to prevent the asbestos being removed from scattering and to be recovered, it is necessary to cover the floors and windows of the construction site with airtight sheets for sufficient curing, and workers are also required to wear respiratory protective equipment and It was necessary to have the workers wear protective clothing and pay sufficient attention to safety management in the workplace and protection of the external environment.

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and
To provide an asbestos removal method and device that eliminates the need for large-scale curing, prevents the generation of asbestos floating dust, facilitates post-treatment of the removed asbestos and used fluid, and is superior in workability.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problems are solved by spraying a fluid in a curtain shape around the periphery of a limited area on an asbestos surface to be removed, and covering the area with a fluid spray curtain. While maintaining the isolated space inside the fluid jet curtain at a negative pressure from the outside, the asbestos layer in the area is isolated from the surrounding area with a vacuum cleaner. ! The peeled asbestos is crushed in the isolated space and then collected outside the separated space along with the injection fluid by negative pressure suction, and is then collected together with the 8 parts of the isolated space in a required area. This is achieved by applying it to asbestos surfaces.

In this case, as the fluid for forming the curtain, there are two methods: a method using gas, and a method using water or other liquid such as a chemical solution with a required function that easily penetrates asbestos.

In addition, it is effective to brush the surface immediately after the asbestos layer has been removed in the isolated space.
Furthermore, it is also effective to spray a liquid such as water onto the asbestos surface to be braked within the isolated space.

The present invention also provides an apparatus for carrying out the aforementioned method, which apparatus comprises nozzle means for spraying a fluid in a curtain-like manner around the periphery of a region of limited area on the asbestos surface to be removed; housing means carrying said nozzle means and forming a partition for enclosing said region within a space isolated from the surroundings by a fluid jet curtain; braking means installed on said housing means for crushing the asbestos; crushing means installed on said housing means for crushing said exfoliated asbestos within said enclosure; and for recovery of crushed asbestos and jet fluid. a discharge port means provided in the housing means; a reduced pressure suction means connected to the discharge port means for applying a negative pressure in the isolated space from the outside and for recovering the injection fluid and collecting crushed asbestos; and the housing. and means for moving the means substantially parallel to said asbestos surface.

According to one preferred variant, said housing means:
A brushing means is additionally provided for brushing the surface after the asbestos layer has been removed in the isolated space.

In another variant, the housing means are provided with auxiliary nozzle means for spraying liquid onto the asbestos surface to be removed within the enclosure.

[Function] In the asbestos removal method of the present invention, spraying is applied to the ceiling surface of an existing building in a curtain-like manner to surround the periphery of a limited area of the asbestos surface to be removed. A fluid is ejected to isolate the area from the surroundings with a fluid ejection curtain. An isolated space inside the fluid jet curtain is maintained at a negative pressure from the outside, and the asbestos layer in the area is stripped in the isolated space. In this case, the tip of the fluid jet curtain is always in contact with the asbestos surface on its entire circumference, and since the inner isolated space is under negative pressure, the jetted fluid is always drawn down into the isolated space without flowing outward. After the peeled asbestos is crushed within the isolated space, it is collected outside the isolated space along with the recovery of the injection fluid by negative pressure suction. In this case, if the collection fluid is a liquid, it can provide appropriate moisture to the crushed asbestos and collect asbestos without generating floating dust. Even in the case of gas, the same effect can be obtained by spraying a liquid onto crushed asbestos.

The above-mentioned steps are performed on an asbestos surface of a required size while moving the isolated space.

In the present invention, asbestos is peeled off and crushed in an isolated space surrounded by a fluid jet curtain, and the jetted fluid is recovered and the crushed asbestos is collected by vacuum suction, so water and asbestos do not fly away, and the collection process It is also possible to use existing filter-equipped vacuum suction equipment. Therefore, curing work such as sealing the site before construction can be significantly simplified compared to conventional methods, and cleaning work to be performed after construction can also be made easier. Best of all, the removal work can be started immediately without injecting a chemical into the asbestos layer in advance, and the asbestos layer can be removed continuously in strips, making it extremely efficient. Of course, the present invention does not preclude injecting a chemical into the asbestos layer in advance in order to prevent the asbestos layer from peeling off during the work.

In order to understand the specific features of the present invention, one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[Example] FIG. 1 schematically shows an example apparatus according to the present invention that is being installed on a ceiling surface. In the figure, there is a sprayed ashest layer A on the lower surface of the building frame part R of the ceiling.
This is shown as being removed by this device from the right to the left in the figure.

The main working part of the device is a height position adjustment mechanism 1 on a trolley 10.
The housing 12 is supported by 1. That is, the housing 12 has a hopper-like upper structure 122 that is open upward, and is provided with an annular nozzle 14 that surrounds the upper opening edge and has a nozzle opening directed upward. The nozzle opening is in the form of a slit that continuously surrounds the opening edge of the housing upper structure 122. The annular nozzle 14 is supplied with water from an external water source (not shown) via a conduit 16 and pressurized to an appropriate pressure by a pump system 18 on the trolley 10. An auxiliary nozzle 22 is also mounted within the housing upper structure 122 and receives a separate supply of pressurized water from the pump system 18.

Inside the housing upper structure 122 is an asbestos layer A.
A rotary cutter 24 for scraping off the asbestos and a rotary brush 26 are attached adjacent to the rotary cutter 24, and these rotary working parts are surrounded to prevent peeled asbestos pieces from jumping over the nozzle 14 to the outside. An annular fence member 20 for preventing this is attached inside the nozzle 14 so that its vertical position can be adjusted. This annular fence member 20 may be a filter-like member that allows air to pass through it but blocks the passage of fine asbestos powder, and by adjusting its vertical position, the distance from the asbestos spraying surface A can be adjusted. It is preferable to make it as narrow as possible within a range where the passage of the jetted water film curtain W is not obstructed. Inside this annular fence member 20, the auxiliary nozzle 22 is oriented to inject water onto the asbestos surface in front of the rotary cutter 24, and the rotary brush 26 is oriented behind the rotary cutter 24 to remove asbestos from the asbestos surface. It is designed to brush the surface.

A crusher roll 28 is installed in the body of the housing 12 to finely crush asbestos pieces that are peeled off and falling within the upper structure 122 of the housing 12 . Below the crusher Ronil 28, the inside of the housing 12 is an outlet hopper chamber 124, and a discharge port 126 is provided at the bottom of the chamber.

The rotary cutter 24, the rotary brush 26, and the crusher roll 28 are driven by a prime mover 30 mounted on the truck 10.

The outlet 126 at the bottom of the housing 12 is connected to the suction hose 3.
2 is connected to the suction port of the vacuum suction device 40, and by suctioning air by the vacuum suction device 40, the inside of the housing is reduced in pressure from the surroundings, and the crushed water in the outlet hopper chamber 124 is sucked out. The asbestos is sucked out and taken into a collection section 42 of the device 40.

In addition, in the suction device η40, the sucked wet asbestos is collected with a filter, stored in a sealed bag in the collection section 42, and then taken out to the outside. Therefore, detailed explanation will be omitted.

Now, in the asbestos removal method using the device configured as described above, the cart IO is brought below the construction position, and the housing 12 is leveled by the height adjustment mechanism 11 to a height where the rotary cutter 24 just hits the ceiling frame surface. In addition, while adjusting the position of the annular fence member 20 as described above, the vacuum suction device 40 is activated to spray a water film in a curtain shape from the annular nozzle 14 while vacuuming the inside of the housing 12.
Adjust the injection pressure so that the tip reaches the asbestos surface. After the tip of this sprayed water film hits the asbestos surface, it is sucked from the gap at the tip of the annular fence member 20 toward the inside of the housing, where the pressure is reduced, and falls into the housing. In this way, an isolated space surrounded by the sprayed water film curtain W is formed above the housing superstructure, but the inflow of external air into this reduced pressure isolation space is always prevented by the sprayed water film curtain W. This is done from the boundary with the asbestos surface at the tip of the curtain, where the fluid energy is the weakest. When the rotary cutter 24, the rotary brush 26, and the crusher roll 28 are rotated while maintaining the sprayed water film curtain W as described above, and the cart 10 is advanced under the ceiling surface, the asbestos layer A on the ceiling surface is removed by the rotary cutter 24. It is removed in strips with a width of . The asbestos pieces scraped off by the cutter 26 do not fly out of the housing due to the presence of the annular fence member 20,
22 , and is bitten by the lower crusher roll 28 , where it is finely crushed and reaches the outlet hopper chamber 124 . At the rear of the cutter 24, a rotating brush 26 brushes the exposed surface of the structure, brushing off any asbestos left behind and cleaning it.

The water flowing from the sprayed water film curtain W also falls into the housing 12 together with asbestos pieces and powder. The falling sewage water is completely absorbed by the asbestos inside the housing, preventing the generation of floating dust. However, as asbestos has sufficient water absorption, if the amount of water is insufficient to prevent the generation of floating dust. increases the amount of water from the auxiliary nozzle 22 or slows down the moving speed of the truck. Conversely, if the recovered asbestos becomes excessively wet, the amount of water sprayed from the auxiliary nozzle 22 is reduced or the moving speed of the cart 10 is increased.

Since the crusher roll 28 crushes the appropriately moist asbestos pieces as described above, generation of floating dust is also prevented here.

Hose 32 from outlet hopper chamber 124 of housing 12
The asbestos sucked into the vacuum suction device 40 via the vacuum suction device 40 is also appropriately moist, and therefore, the collected asbestos can be easily handled in the collection section 42.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, large-scale curing is not required during construction, generation of asbestos floating dust can be effectively prevented, and post-treatment of removed asbestos and used fluid is possible. It is easy to use and greatly contributes to improving the safety and efficiency of asbestos removal work.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Explanation of symbols of main parts) IO two trolleys, 11: height adjustment mechanism, 12: housing,
14: Annular nozzle, 16: Conduit, 18: Pump system, 20: 3m-shaped fence member, 22: Auxiliary nozzle, 24
: Rotating cutter, 26: Rotating brush, 28: Crusher roll, 30: Prime mover, 32: Hose, 40: Decompression suction device, 42: Collection section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fluid is injected in a curtain shape around the periphery of a limited area on the asbestos surface to be removed, the area is isolated from the surroundings by a fluid spray curtain, and the inside of the fluid spray curtain is While maintaining the isolated space at a negative pressure from the outside, the asbestos layer in the area is peeled off in the isolated space, the peeled asbestos is crushed in the isolated space, and the injected fluid is recovered by negative pressure suction. An asbestos removal method comprising collecting asbestos outside the isolated space, and removing asbestos on a required area of asbestos while moving the isolated space. 2. Claim 1 characterized in that gas is used as the fluid.
Asbestos removal method described in. 3. Claim 1 characterized in that a liquid is used as the fluid.
Asbestos removal method described in. 4. The asbestos removal method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the isolated space, brushing is applied to the surface immediately after the asbestos layer has been peeled off. 5. The asbestos removal method according to claim 1, wherein a liquid is sprayed onto the asbestos surface to be removed in the isolated space. 6. A nozzle means for spraying a fluid in a curtain-like manner onto the periphery of a region of limited area on the asbestos surface to be removed, and a space carrying the nozzle means and separating the region from the surroundings by a fluid spray curtain. housing means forming a partition wall for confinement; stripping means provided on the housing means for scraping off the asbestos layer in the area within the isolation space inside the fluid jet curtain; crushing means installed in said housing means for crushing the asbestos within said housing means; discharge means provided in said housing means for recovering crushed asbestos and injection fluid; characterized in that it comprises vacuum suction means connected to said outlet means for the recovery of jet fluid and collection of crushed asbestos, and means for moving said housing means substantially parallel to said asbestos surface. asbestos removal equipment. 7. Claim 6, wherein the housing means includes brushing means for brushing the surface after the asbestos layer has been peeled off within the isolated space.
Asbestos removal equipment described in . 8. Asbestos removal apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that said housing means comprises auxiliary nozzle means for spraying liquid onto the asbestos surface to be removed within the enclosure.