JPH019321Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to reducing the weight of a radiation-cooled collector in order to reduce the power consumption of a high-power traveling wave tube mounted on an artificial satellite, that is, to improve efficiency.

In a traveling wave tube, an electron beam emitted from an electron gun interacts with a high frequency input from an input coupling part in a slow wave circuit, amplifies it, and is captured by a collector. That is, the energy of the electron beam is used to amplify the high frequency and is taken out from the output extraction section as high frequency output, and most of the remaining energy is spent as heat loss in the collector. Therefore, it is desirable to improve efficiency by reducing the power consumed as heat loss in the collector as much as possible in order to reduce power consumption and to facilitate cooling of the collector. In particular, traveling wave tubes mounted on artificial satellites are required to have smaller and lighter power supplies and to improve efficiency in order to prevent the temperature of the satellite itself from rising. In order to greatly improve the efficiency of high-power traveling wave tubes mounted on artificial satellites, the collector electrode is divided into multiple parts and different voltages are applied to each part to terminate the interaction with high frequencies. A multi-stage collector is generally employed that separates electron beams, which now have a velocity distribution, according to their respective velocities and captures them with as little heat loss as possible. Collector efficiency is an indicator of the performance of a multi-stage collector, and is defined as the ratio of the energy recovered by the collector power supply to the energy possessed by the electron beam that enters the collector after interacting with the radio frequency, so-called spent beam energy. It is known that the maximum limit value of the value is theoretically determined depending on the number of divided stages of the collector, and that it increases as the number of divided stages increases. In reality, 3 to 10 stages are used.

In order to prevent the temperature of the satellite body from rising, such traveling wave tubes are installed on artificial satellites by placing the collector outside the outer wall of the satellite so that the heat generated in the collector is radiated directly into space. It is installed by fixing the body inside the outer wall of the satellite.
Therefore, in such a traveling wave tube, it is necessary to insulate the collector so that the heat generated in the collector does not transfer to the traveling wave tube body, electrically insulate each collector electrode, dissipate the heat generated in each collector electrode, mechanically support the collector, and The important issue is to reduce the size and weight.

In conventional multi-stage collectors, each collector electrode is made of a thin metal plate into the desired shape, and porcelain insulators made of ceramic rods are installed at several locations symmetrical to the center axis. A cylindrical metal vacuum envelope supported at a required interval and having a bottom surface on the outside is connected to the body via a low heat conductive member such as a stainless steel bellows to provide a vacuum envelope. In this structure, the heat generated at each collector electrode is mainly transmitted to the vacuum envelope by radiation, and is further dissipated from the vacuum envelope to space by radiation. However, in such a multi-stage collector, heat is transferred from each collector electrode to the vacuum envelope, which is a radiation surface into space, by radiation, so in order to increase the radiation surface area of each collector electrode, the collector electrode The disadvantage was that the external dimensions of the device had to be increased and the weight increased.

This invention provides a multi-stage collector that eliminates these conventional drawbacks.

The structure of the collector electrode consists of a conical part that captures electrons that have finished interacting with the radio frequency, and a circumferential part that supports the conical part and contacts the porcelain insulator that electrically insulates each collector electrode. Conventionally, the support part of this type of collector electrode is disk-shaped, which has the disadvantage of increasing weight.This idea was developed by providing a through hole in the circumferential part of the support part that does not come into contact with the porcelain insulator. This reduces the weight of the

Next, this invention will be explained with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. Figure 1 shows a cross section passing through the central axis of the multistage collector of traveling waves, and Figure 2 shows the collector electrode at A
-A′ cross section. In FIG. 1, a support plate 2 for supporting the collector is brazed to a body 1, and a support plate 5 is brazed to the support plate 2 via a stainless steel bellows 3 and a stainless steel support 4, and the outer edge of the support 5 is shown in FIG. A stainless steel bellows 3 and a thin metal cylinder 6 are brazed to the other end of the thin metal cylinder 6, and a thin metal plate 7 is arc welded to the other end of the thin metal cylinder 6 to form a vacuum surrounding air.

The first to fourth parts are made of a metal plate into the required shape.
Each of the collector electrodes 8, 9, 10, 11 is fixed by a ceramic cylinder 12 at several locations symmetrical to the center axis while maintaining the required spacing in the direction of the center axis. It is electrically insulated by a ceramic cylinder 12 and fixed to the support 5 via the ceramic cylinder 12 on the first collector side.

As shown in FIG. 2, the collector electrode used in the multi-stage collector of such a traveling wave tube is composed of a conical portion 21 that captures electrons that have finished interacting with high frequency waves, and a support portion 22 that supports this conical portion 21. There is. A through hole 23 is provided in a portion of the support portion 22 that is unnecessary as a support for the ceramic cylinder 12 in order to reduce the weight.

Although the above embodiment is an example in which circular through holes are formed in four stages of collector electrodes, this invention is not limited by the number of collector electrodes or the shape of the through holes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the multi-stage collector of this invention. Figure 2 shows A- of the multi-stage collector in Figure 1.
A cross section in the A′ direction is shown. 1... Body, 2... Support plate, 3... Bellows, 4... Support body, 5... Support plate, 6... Metal cylinder, 7... Metal disk, 8, 9, 10, 11... First, second, third, and fourth collector electrodes, 12...ceramic cylinder, 21...conical portion, 22...support portion, 23...through hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The collector vacuum envelope and the plurality of collector electrodes are electrically insulated and supported from each other by a porcelain insulator, the collector vacuum envelope being insulated from the body and having a radiant heat dissipation surface insulated and connected to the body. A multi-stage collector for a traveling wave tube according to the present invention, wherein a through hole is provided in a circumferential portion of the collector electrode excluding a conical portion and a portion in contact with a ceramic insulator.