JPH0192592A - Valve device of compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce noises in a valve device provided on both sides of a valve plate with suction and discharge lead valves elastically swingably opened and closed by forming a planer surface layer on valve plate opposed to at least the discharge lead valve of a metal sheet separated from a valve plate body. CONSTITUTION:A swash plate type compressor has a valve plate 20 formed with suction and discharge holes 16, 18 communicating respectively to a bore 12 between an opening end of bore 12 in a cylinder block 10 and a cylinder head 14. While a suction lead valve 22 on the cylinder block 10 side plane of the valve plate 20 and a discharge lead valve 24 on the cylinder head 14 side plate are fastened together, opening ends of respective suction and discharge holes 16, 18 are provided to be elastically swingably opened and closed. Then, both planer surface layers of valve plate 20 is formed of a metal sheet 20b separated from a valve plate body 20a. Thus, the vibration of metal sheet 20b caused by shocks in closing the valve can be quickly scattered to reduce noises generated by a compressor body.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a valve device for a reciprocating compressor, and more specifically, to a valve device for a reciprocating compressor, and more specifically, to reduce noise generated by collision between a reed valve and a valve plate. This invention relates to improvements in valve devices.

[Prior Art] Generally, in a reciprocating compressor, a valve plate having a suction hole and a discharge hole formed therethrough is interposed between the cylinder head and the bore opening end of the cylinder block into which the piston is inserted. Of both planes of the plate, a suction reed valve is located on the plane located on the block side, and a discharge reed valve is fastened or jointly fastened on the plane located on the head side, so that the suction hole and the discharge hole are connected to each other. The opening end is configured to elastically swing open and close. The opening of the discharge reed valve is similarly regulated by an insert that is fastened or co-tightened to the valve plate, and the opening of the suction reed valve is similarly regulated by a notched groove carved near the opening end of the bore. degree is regulated.

In the above-described compressor valve device, the gas compressed within the bore as the piston advances is discharged from the discharge hole into the discharge chamber by pushing open the discharge reed valve. At this time, the discharge reed valve pushed open by strong pressure collides with the valve holder that regulates the valve opening, and the reed valve is reversed by this repulsive force, and the reed valve is reversed and collided again by the gas pressure. It generates vibration along with the presser foot. on the other hand,
When the piston moves to the suction stroke as the piston retires, in addition to the suction force based on the elastic restoring force of the discharge reed valve and the negative pressure in the bore, the high pressure gas in the discharge chamber acts as back pressure, so the discharge reed valve instantly collides with the valve plate. Therefore, the effects of shock and vibration caused by this collision are
It is much more intense than that at the time of the above-mentioned quantity valve. In a valve device in which the discharge reed valve, the valve retainer, and the valve plate that repeatedly collide with the discharge reed valve are all made of metal materials, the collision energy and vibration energy are major causes of noise generation.

Furthermore, when the rotational speed of the compressor reaches, for example, 9000 rpm, the discharge reed valve rapidly reverses, causing its tip to collide with the valve plate while being slightly bent.
Coupled with the reduction in rigidity due to the high humidity discharge atmosphere, localized fatigue failure is likely to occur at the tip edge.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Of course, there have already been some inventions that aim to solve the drawbacks of the conventional valve device. For example, Japanese Utility Model Application No. 51-147304 discloses applying an elastic coating to both sides of the valve holder. , which aims to reduce noise and omit the dual use of gaskets, and Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 51-22108 discloses a structure in which the periphery of the discharge hole (suction hole) facing the valve is slightly protruded from the valve plate surface. A buffer means in which an O-ring is embedded is disclosed.

The former idea absorbs and alleviates the shock generated between the discharge reed valve and the valve holder, but since the valve holder has a small mass, its vibration energy is extremely small, and this is due to the gap between the valve plate and the valve plate. Furthermore, since they are damped, the vibrations which are essentially transmitted through the valve plate to the main body of the compressor do not have a significant weight in terms of noise generation and are therefore sufficiently absorbed by the elastic coat.

On the other hand, vibrations caused by a particularly strong impact between the discharge reed valve and the valve plate are propagated directly from the valve plate, which has a relatively large mass, to the main body of the compressor, and therefore have a considerable influence on noise generation. be.

The latter idea has an O-ring embedded in the periphery of the discharge hole to reduce impact vibration with the valve plate.
Although it is worthy of some evaluation, embedding the O-ring in this way has the potential for different drawbacks as described below.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when the discharge reed valve V closes due to the suction action, the valve (2) collides with the A part of the O-ring embedded in the valve plate P-F, bounces once, and then returns to the chain line. As shown in , the discharge gas collides with the same part, and during this time, not only does the discharged gas flow back into the bore and reduce the compression efficiency, but also tensile stress concentrates on the 0 part of the opposite valve V, causing damage to the peripheral part. Promotes fatigue deterioration.

The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the generated noise based on a simple 1,000-stage system, and a secondary problem is to alleviate stress in the reed valve.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first invention provides at least one planar surface layer of the valve plate facing the discharge reed valve with at least one layer separated from the main body of the valve plate. A technical measure has been taken to form it from a thin metal plate.

The metal thin plate mentioned above can be made of a steel plate having a thickness of 0.1 to 0.7III11, more preferably 0.1 to Q, 3w+m, and can be made by selectively combining pieces of the same thickness or different thicknesses. It is also possible to have a two-layer structure.

Incidentally, if the other plane surface layer of the valve plate facing the suction reed valve is also formed of the thin metal plate, noise reduction will be more effective.

The second invention employs a configuration in which a buffer thin film is further interposed on the back surface of the metal thin plate.

The buffer thin film is made by attaching synthetic rubber or synthetic resin to the back surface of a thin metal plate by baking or adhering.
The ITL film may be deposited on the main body of the valve plate in contact with the thin metal plate. The thickness of the buffer thin film is approximately 3
The thickness is preferably 65 to 120 μm, more preferably 0 to 300 μm.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows the main parts of a swash plate compressor equipped with an embodiment valve device according to the first invention. A valve plate 20 is interposed in which a suction hole 16 and a discharge hole, each communicating with the bore 12, are formed through the valve plate 20, and a suction lead is provided on the plane located on the cylinder block 10 side among both planes of the valve plate 20. valve 2
2, and a discharge reed valve 24 is also fastened to the plane located on the side of the cylinder head 14 so as to elastically swing open and close the opening ends of the suction hole 16 and the discharge hole 18, respectively. There is. The opening degree of the discharge reed valve 24 is similarly regulated by an insert 26 that is fastened together with the valve plate 20, and the opening degree of the suction reed valve 22 is similarly regulated by a notched groove 28 carved near the open end of the bore 12. Its opening degree is regulated.

Therefore, both plane surface layer parts of the valve plate 20 are the main body part 20a of the valve plate 20.
The thin metal plate 20b is made of a steel plate having a thickness Q of 3 mm.

With this configuration, although the thin metal plate 20b momentarily and violently vibrates due to the closing impact of the discharge (suction) reed valve 24, the vibration of the thin metal plate 20b, which has a small mass, quickly dissipates. Since the minute gap interposed between the valve plate main body part 20a and the valve plate main body part 20a prevents the transmission of vibrations, the vibration of the valve plate main body part 20a, which has a relatively large mass, becomes extremely small. Therefore, the vibration energy transmitted from the valve plate 20 to the main body of the compressor, that is, the generation of noise, is steadily reduced.

Incidentally, according to the results of measuring the noise level of the compressor equipped with the valve device of this embodiment using a noise indicator, it is approximately 2 d lower than that of a compressor equipped with a conventional device with a single valve plate in the entire rotation range.
The effect of reducing B was recorded. In addition, the valve plate main body portion 20a
By selecting the relative thickness of the valve plate 20 and the thin metal plate 20b, it is possible to shift the natural frequency of the valve plate 20 from a frequency range where resonance is likely to occur with the vehicle, thereby skillfully avoiding resonance noise. can.

FIG. 2 shows the main parts of a compressor equipped with another embodiment of the valve device according to the first invention, and the feature of this embodiment is that the thin metal plate 20b forming the surface layer of both planes of the valve plate 20 is It is constructed in a 2M shape, and a steel plate with a thickness of 0.15 mm is used for both the first layer portion and the second layer portion of the thin metal plate 20b.

According to such a configuration, the vibration energy transmitted by the minute gaps between the laminated metal thin plates 20b is further attenuated, so that even in the measurement results by the noise indicator, the compressor equipped with the conventional valve device described above is A reduction effect of approximately 3 dB was recorded compared to

FIG. 3 shows the main parts of a compressor equipped with an embodiment of the valve device according to the second invention, and the feature of the second invention is that the valve plate 2
The point is that a buffer thin film 30 indicated by a thick line in the figure is adhered to the back surface of the metal thin plate 20b forming the planar surface layer portion of the figure. The M thin film 30 is made by applying nitrile rubber latex to the surface of the thin metal plate 20b using a roller coater and vulcanizing and adhering it by heat treatment, and the film thickness is 100 μm.
It is adjusted to m.

According to such a configuration, the vibration caused by the impact with the discharge reed valve 24 is suppressed by the thin metal plate 20b having a small mass.
The vibration is replaced by high-frequency vibration that is easily attenuated by the thin metal plate 20b.
! 30, the noise level in the frequency range of 800 to 1500 H2, where the noise level is particularly high and tends to be a problem, is significantly reduced.

Figures 4 and 5 show the noise spectrum at 4500 rpm, where Figure 4 is for a compressor equipped with the valve device of this embodiment, and Figure 5 is for a compressor equipped with the conventional valve device described above. This is due to the use of a compressor. As is clear from the comparison in the figure, the compressor equipped with the valve device of this embodiment shows a reduction effect of 8 dB in the entire frequency range, and a reduction effect of 11 dB in the frequency range of 800 to 1500 Hz.

On the other hand, by using the valve device of this embodiment, the stress on the discharge reed valve 24 is greatly alleviated based on the collision energy, so that conventional durability tests at 9000 rpm (continuous operation for 50 hours) did not cause any defects or cracks on the leading edge of the valve device. No abnormalities were observed in the discharge reed valve 24 tested up to 13 ooo r pm, demonstrating a significant improvement in durability. Alternatively, a similar configuration may be applied to the other flat surface layer of the valve plate 20 facing the suction reed valve 22, as described in detail in this book. In the invention valve device, at least one planar surface layer of the valve plate facing the discharge reed valve is formed of at least one layer of thin metal plate separated from the main body of the valve plate. The impact energy is replaced by high-frequency vibrations that are easily attenuated by the thin metal plate with small mass, and is further effectively attenuated by the microgap between the valve plate and the main body.
The generation of vibrations or noise transmitted from the valve plate to the main body of the compressor is significantly reduced.

In addition, when a buffer thin film is interposed on the back surface of the thin metal plate, the damping effect of the loose 1j thin film not only further enhances the noise reduction effect, but also contributes to alleviating the stress of the discharge reed valve and The durability of the piece can be greatly improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a compressor equipped with an embodiment of the valve device according to the first invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a compressor equipped with another embodiment of the valve device, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of a compressor equipped with an embodiment of the valve device according to the second invention, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a noise spectrum of a compressor equipped with a valve device according to the invention, FIG. 5 is a similar graph of a compressor equipped with a conventional valve device, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional valve device. 10... Cylinder block 12... Bore 14... Cylinder head 16... Suction hole 18... Discharge hole 20...
・Valve plate 20a... Valve plate main body part 20b...
・Thin metal plate 22...Suction reed valve 24...Discharge reed valve 26...Interposition 30...Buffer thin film

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A valve plate having a suction hole and a discharge hole, and a suction and discharge reed valve that is fastened to both planes of the valve plate and elastically swings to open and close each opening end of the suction hole and discharge hole. A valve device for a compressor, characterized in that at least one planar surface layer portion of the valve plate facing the discharge reed valve is formed of at least one layer of thin metal plate separated from the main body portion of the valve plate. Device. (2) A valve plate having a suction hole and a discharge hole, and a suction and discharge reed valve that is fastened to both planes of the valve plate and elastically swings to open and close each opening end of the suction hole and discharge hole. In the valve device, at least one plane surface layer of the valve plate facing the discharge reed valve is formed of at least one thin metal plate separated from the main body of the valve plate, and a buffer is provided on the back surface of the thin metal plate. A compressor valve device characterized by having a thin film interposed therein.