JPH0192477A - Functional fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a fiber capable of imparting various functions without changing various characteristics such as light resistance, color-developing properties and the like by exposing a reactive functional group-containing polymer on recessed parts or inside parts of a modified cross-section conjugated fiber comprising the said polymer as a component. CONSTITUTION: To a modified cross-section conjugated fiber using a polyethylene terephthalate as a polymer constituting the outside of surface parts and a modified polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with >=5 mole % of a polybutylene terephthalate, adipic acid, isophthalic acid, etc., as a polymer constituting the inside or central part, a polymerizable carboxylic acid is grafted and reactive functional groups are introduced to the polymer constituting the inside or the central part. By substituting the carboxyl groups of graft polymerized carboxylic acids with alkali (earth) metals, moisture-absorbing properties, antielectric properties and SR properties owing to enhanced hydrophilic properties are imparted and antibacterial and antifungal activities are imparted by an ion-bonding reaction of a quaternary ammonium salt.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides various functions without changing (reducing) properties such as fiber strength, light fastness, color fastness, light fastness, and wet fastness. Regarding fibers that can be used.

[Prior Art] Methods of modifying the surface of synthetic fibers by graft polymerizing hydrophilic vinyl nitrates are disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-27744, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-5126, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 60-246869.
It is known by the number etc.

Furthermore, a method of modifying the core portion of a core-sheath composite fiber by graft polymerization is also known from Japanese Patent Publication No. 187620/1983.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, when the core is modified by graft polymerization, the surface of the fabric of the product is modified by graft polymerization, resulting in a decrease in color development, a decrease in light fastness, and a decrease in washing fastness. Decrease in wet fastness such as dryness is unavoidable, and it is essential to limit the hue and use a lightfastness improver, which results in increased costs and a narrower range of development.

When conventional fibers are modified using a functional modification method, the modification is carried out from the fiber surface or surface layer, so there are negative factors such as a decrease in light resistance and color development that occur due to modification. This movement was seen as a problem as it narrowed the range of products available and increased costs.

[Means and operations for solving the problem] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.

That is, (1) an irregular cross-section conjugate fiber whose center or inner part is composed of a polymer containing a reactive functional group, and the polymer is exposed in the recess or inner part of the irregular cross-section conjugate fiber; A functional fiber characterized by

(2) The functional fiber according to claim (1), wherein the polymer containing a reactive functional group is graft-polymerized with a polymerizable carboxylic acid.

(3) Functionality according to claim (2), wherein the carboxyl group of the polymerizable carboxylic acid graft-polymerized to the polymer having the reactive functional group is substituted with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. It is a fiber.

The atypical cross section as used in the present invention includes, for example, Y-shape, U-shape, H-shape, star-shape, snowflake-shape, bearing-shape, etc. as shown in FIG. 1, but it is not necessary to limit it to these. There isn't. Furthermore, the center part or inner part 1 means a part that does not appear on the surface of the single fiber, and specifically constitutes, for example, the center part or the inner part.

In Fig. 1, this is a recessed portion or a portion where most of it is not exposed on the surface.

In the present invention, the polymer having a reactive functional group may be any polymer that allows the intended modification reaction to proceed more easily than the polymer constituting the outside or surface portion. However, if the compatibility between the polymer constituting the outside or surface portion and the polymer having the reactive functional group is poor, problems such as peeling and cracking may occur, and fibrillation may occur. It is necessary to consider this. Therefore, the type of polymer having usable reactive functional groups should be selected depending on the type of polymer constituting the outside or surface portion.

Polymerizable carboxylic acids are vinyl carboxylic acids having a vinyl group in the molecule, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and itaconic acid. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When graft polymerizing this polymerizable carboxylic acid, if polyethylene terephthalate is selected as the polymer constituting the outer or surface portion, suitable polymers having reactive functional groups in the center or inner portion are, for example, polybutylene terephthalate, The following formula - 1
Polyethylene terephthalate obtained by copolymerizing 5 to 1% or more of the compound represented by, and polyethylene terephthalate obtained by blending 5m01% or more of the compound of the following formula 2.3.4, Formula-2 Formula-3 M: Alkali metal 6°R1, R2: H, modified polyethylene terephthalate such as C1 to C9. Two or more of these modified polyethylene terephthalates 1 to 1 may be copolymerized or blended, and polyamide polymers such as nylon 6, nylon 66, and nylon 12 are also effective.

A polymer graft-polymerized with a polymerizable carboxylic acid contains a large amount of carboxyl groups, and exhibits the function of adsorbing lower amines such as ammonia, resulting in fibers having deodorizing properties.

When the carboxyl group of graft-polymerized acrylic acid, etc. is replaced with an alkali metal such as thorium or an alkaline earth metal, hydrophilicity increases, and hygroscopicity, electrostatic property, and S
The fiber has R properties and melt resistance. In this case, those substituted with alkali metals have a greater effect on the above properties than those substituted with alkaline earth metals. Among the alkali metals, Na1K is particularly preferred. Carboxyl groups substituted with alkali metals have the effect of exhausting hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans, resulting in a multifunctional fiber that also functions as a deodorizing fiber. In addition, since the carboxyl group easily substitutes with metal, it has ion exchange ability and exhibits the property of exhausting heavy metals such as copper, manganese, and cobalt.

A carboxyl group such as acrylic acid that has been graft-polymerized easily undergoes an ionic bonding reaction with a quaternary ammonium salt, resulting in a fiber having quaternary ammonium in the fiber. This fiber exhibits antibacterial and antifungal properties due to quaternary ammonium salts, and also has properties that repel residential pests such as mites. Examples of quaternary ammonium salts useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, tetraammonium bromide, octylpyridinium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and trimethylstearylammonium chloride.

If polyethylene terephthalate is selected as the polymer constituting the outer or surface portion instead of graft polymerization of acrylic acid, etc., the central or inner portion is polymerized with a polymer containing many carboxyl groups or sulfonic acid groups, such as polyacrylic acid, If polymethacrylic acid or a polymer represented by the following formula is M:H or Na, such a polymer can be post-treated and composited with the fiber to obtain a fiber having the above-mentioned functions.

Since the outer or surface part of the composite fiber of the present invention is not subjected to modification processing such as graft polymerization compared to the center or inner part, it has a higher coloring property than conventional fibers in which the fiber surface or surface layer has been modified. It is possible to greatly improve defects caused by modification processing, such as a decrease in color and light fastness. Furthermore, when hygroscopicity is imparted through graft polymerization modification processing, the surface of the fiber or fabric has poor hydrophilicity, so if the fabric clings to the bile during sweating,
The sticky feeling can be greatly reduced.

In addition, even in the case of antibacterial and antibacterial processing, the added quaternary ammonium salt does not come into direct contact with the skin, which is favorable from a health and hygiene perspective.

A detailed explanation will be given below using examples.

(Example) Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 The outer surface portion of the fiber having a Y-shaped cross section as shown in Figure 1 was made of polyethylene terephthalate, and the center portion was made of polybutylene terephthalate. Two levels of composite fiber (Example-1) and composite R fiber (Example-2) whose outer surface part was composed of polyethylene terephthalate and whose center part was composed of modified polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 10 mo+% adipic acid. Prepared.

Separately, fibers made of polyethylene terephthalate with a Y-shaped cross section (Comparative Example-1), the outer surface part of the Y-shaped cross section is composed of modified polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 10 mo+% adipic acid, and the central part is composed of polyethylene terephthalate. A composite fiber (Comparative Example-2) was prepared.

Cylindrical knitted fabrics were knitted using the fibers of Example 1.2 and Comparative Example 1.2. Next, after scouring and drying, methacrylic acid 3Q
wt% polymerization initiator (NOF, Niper) IT-80
>1 wt% of surfactant (manufactured by Dai-Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., N super to cationogen).

Next, it was placed in a micro test material (manufactured by Jyukin Kogyo Co., Ltd., Apollopet), and heat treated with microwaves and normal pressure steam for 15 minutes. Next, after washing with hot water, drying and dry heat treatment at 180°C for 1 minute, disperse dye (ResolinBleu FBL)
Each was stained at 130° C. for 60 minutes at 3 wt%. Next, an aqueous solution of 6 g/Q of soda ash was added at 60'C, 3 at a bath ratio of 1:30.
Processed for 0 minutes. After washing with water and drying, dry heat treatment was performed at 180°C for 1 minute.

The dyed tubular knitted fabric obtained as described above was evaluated for moisture absorption, light fastness, and abrasion fastness, and the results are shown in Table 1.

The evaluation method is as follows.

Moisture absorption rate: An absolutely dry sample was left in an environment of 20'C, 165% RH for 24 hours, and expressed as a rate of increase in the amount of moisture (%) at that time.

Light fastness: JIS LO842 Rubbing fastness: JIS 10849 As is clear from Table 1, Comparative Example 1, in which a polymer having a reactive functional group is placed in the center or inside, absorbs less moisture than the other side. It can be seen that polymers with low properties, insufficient graft polymerization, and reactive functional groups are superior. Example 1
．． It can be seen that Sample No. 2 has the same moisture absorption performance as Comparative Example-2, but the decrease in color fastness is small. That is,
This is because the grafted surface on the fabric surface is not exposed, and even when the carboxyl group introduced by graft polymerization is replaced with quaternary ammonium ions, the proportion of this substituted part that comes into direct contact with the skin is extremely low. It can be said to be lower and more hygienic.

[Effects of the Invention] As seen above, the composite fiber of the present invention is a single fiber in which a polymer having a reactive functional group and a polymer not having a reactive functional group are composited, and the composite fiber has a reactive functional group for imparting a function. Since the polymer is arranged in the center or inside of the single fiber, it is possible to suppress the co-position of color fastness and the like due to the addition of functions.

Applications include sports clothing such as golf slacks and tennis wear that take advantage of their moisture-absorbing properties, fashion clothing such as blouses and dresses, comfort clothing such as sheets, muffler bars, and sleepwear such as nightwear. , white coats, nightwear, curtains, sheets, futon covers, diapers, etc. for hospitals and other medical institutions that take advantage of their deodorizing properties.
In general homes, it can be used as wallpaper (@), rugs for drawers and cupboards, and nightwear for bedridden elderly people.

In addition, by printing a pattern or the like on a fabric made of the fibers of the present invention, it can be used as a deodorizing indoor product for toilets and the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows an example of various functional composite fibers of the present invention. FIG. In the diagram, 1: Polymer with a reactive functional group 2: Ordinary polymer Patent applicant Toshi Co., Ltd. Company Procedures Amendment Book Showa 1962, April 9, 1988 Patent Application No. 245070 2. Name of the invention Functional fibers 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 2-2-1-5 Nihonbashi Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo;
Number of inventions increased by amendment None 6. In the "Detailed Description of the Invention" column of the specification to be amended, (1) "Tokko Sho" in the 8th line of page 2 is amended to "JP Kaisho" do. (2) 15mo1%” on page 5, line 10, r 5wt%
J Correct. (3) Correct the chemical structural formula "503M" of "Formula-1" on page 5, lines 16 to 18. (4) Chemical structural formula in "Formula-2" on page 6, lines 2 to 4. (5) "Micro test material" in the first line of page 11 is corrected to "microwave test machine." (6) Correct "rX 1 minute" in the 4th line of page 11 to "1 minute". (7) Page 11, lines 6-7 [at 1:30 60'C1
"30 minutes" is corrected to "30 minutes at 60°C" using r (1:30). (8> Correct “71 minutes” in line 8 of page 11 to “1 minute J”. (9) Correct “core” in lines 7 and 11 of page 2 to “sheath” respectively. .

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An irregular cross-section conjugate fiber whose center or inner part is composed of a polymer containing a reactive functional group, and characterized in that the polymer is exposed in the recess or inner part of the irregular cross-section conjugate fiber. Functional fibers. (2) The polymer containing a reactive functional group is obtained by graft polymerizing a polymerizable carboxylic acid.
Functional fibers listed in ). (3) Functionality according to claim (2), wherein the carboxyl group of the polymerizable carboxylic acid graft-polymerized to the polymer having a reactive functional group is substituted with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. fiber.