JPH0161183B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a composition for measuring salivary buffering capacity for dental caries activity testing. Dental caries is an infectious disease caused by cariogenic symptoms in dental plaque that demineralize tooth enamel or cementum. Dental caries occurs when oral bacteria such as Streptococcus Mutans break down dietary carbohydrates and produce organic acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, formic acid, and butyric acid, which damage the enamel. Or it is produced by dissolving cementum. The phenomenon of caries detected at a certain point in the oral examination indicates the entire course of the individual's past caries susceptibility, but does not necessarily indicate the caries susceptibility at that time or in the future. .
In general, the direction of change in caries susceptibility at a certain point of observation (caries susceptibility tendency) is called caries activity, and the method of concretely expressing the caries activity of an individual using some index related to this is called caries activity. It's called a test. In this way, the caries activity test predicts whether there is a tendency for caries to occur in the future or whether the current caries will progress further, and has important significance in terms of oral hygiene. The caries activity test must have a high degree of correlation with clinical findings, high accuracy, quick and easy implementation, necessary equipment,
These include the minimal skill required and the ability to measure factors related to the caries process. On the other hand, the role of saliva in the caries process is extremely important, and many testing methods using saliva as a material have been proposed, focusing on this point. For example, measuring the number of lactobacilli, physodyx test (enamel demineralization ability test), acid production ability measurement, saliva buffering ability measurement,
These include glucose clearance test, salivary flow rate measurement, salivary amylase measurement, and salivary viscosity/surface tension measurement. The most well-established relationship between saliva and dental caries is the buffering capacity of saliva, which neutralizes acids produced by plaque bacteria, primarily through the carbonate monocarbonate buffer system in saliva. action is considered to be the most important in the caries activation process. That is, by measuring the degree of buffering capacity of saliva, the direction of change in caries susceptibility (caries activity) can be determined; of course, the stronger the buffering capacity, the greater the resistance to caries. The Dreissen test is a well-known method for testing the buffering capacity of saliva. In this method, 0.1N lactic acid is added to a certain amount of saliva to neutralize it, and the 0.1N lactic acid required to lower the pH of saliva from 7.0 to 6.0 is
The caries activity is determined by the amount of lactic acid added. For example, if the amount of 0.1N lactic acid consumed per 6.0ml of saliva is 0.62ml or more, the caries activity will be 0.62 to 0.48.
± for ml, + for 0.48-0.35ml, and + for 0.35ml or less. However, this Dreissen test is a high-performance PH test.
Equipment such as meters and filters are required, the amount of sample is large, and measurement takes a considerable amount of time.An even more serious problem is that the collected saliva rapidly releases carbon dioxide, causing the pH to change to alkaline levels. Therefore, it has drawbacks such as the fact that it is impossible to accurately determine the amount of lactic acid consumed unless the test is started immediately after collection and the measuring operation is performed with excellent technique. In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a composition for measuring salivary buffering capacity that is quick, simple, and does not require any special equipment, and is accurate enough to be used as a caries activity test using saliva. The purpose is to provide. In order to achieve this objective, the present inventors conducted extensive research and created a composition in which a PH indicator system and a buffer system were contained in an absorbent carrier, and one drop of saliva was applied to this composition. We have discovered that it is possible to measure the saliva buffering capacity by simply observing the color tone that appears on the surface of the composition. Therefore,
By using the composition of the present invention, anyone can quickly, easily, minutely and accurately measure saliva buffering capacity at any time without the need for special equipment, completely correcting the shortcomings of the conventional technology. Is possible. In other words, the measurement of the buffering capacity of saliva in a caries activity test is the ability to neutralize acids, so it is important to determine how much the sample saliva neutralizes the acidic buffer system and changes the predetermined PH of the buffer towards the alkaline side. It would be good to know. The changed PH can be measured by observing the color change of the PH indicator system, which has a color change range corresponding to the changed PH range. The composition according to the invention contains a PH indicator system and an acidic buffer system. The PH indicator system consists of at least one type of PH indicator, and preferably the color change range is within the PH
Use one that exists between PH1 and PH8. Table 1 shows the name of the PH indicator corresponding to this PH indicator system, and the color change range and color tone of each PH indicator.

[Table] Le

[Table] The buffer system consists of at least one substance having buffering capacity, which is preferably solid at room temperature and has a predetermined pH of 1 to 6.
is within the range of Table 2 shows examples of substances corresponding to this buffer system.

[Table] Potassium acid The composition according to the present invention has a pH that varies depending on the selection of the buffering agent, depending on the saliva, from extremely weak to strong (~- in the Dreissen test). A pH indicator system that can be determined and has a color change range that corresponds to the determined pH fluctuation range is selected. For example, as a buffer system, add 1.02 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate and 0.68 g of monopotassium phosphate to 200 g of purified water.
When a composition having a buffer system prepared by immersing paper in an impregnating solution dissolved in 1 ml and then drying is immersed in a saliva sample, the predetermined pH is 4.0, and the saliva buffering capacity is very weak to strong. Since the pH varies accordingly from 5.0 to 6.5, for example, bromcresol green, bromxylenol blue, etc. can be selected as the corresponding pH indicator system. In this way, a wide range of combinations of buffer types and amounts (buffer systems) can be selected, and a wide range of PH indicator systems can be selected to match the selected buffer system. Correspondingly, PH indicator systems can be selected from a wide range. Representative examples of combinations of these buffer systems and PH indicator systems are summarized in Table 3.

TABLE The composition according to the invention contains a buffer system and an indicator system as exemplified in Table 3. Besides these,
Various wetting agents such as polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol are used to ensure that the sample penetrates smoothly into the composition, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether type and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fat acid preventive agents are used to ensure uniform coloration on the surface of the composition. Various surfactants such as ester type surfactants can also be added. The composition of the present invention can be applied to an absorbent material such as paper, cloth, nonwoven fabric, or synthetic paper in an impregnating solution prepared by dissolving the buffer system, PH indicator system, and other additives described above in a solvent such as water or alcohol. It is manufactured by dipping the carrier, pulling it up, drying it, and cutting it into small pieces for ease of use. If all the components are not dissolved in the same solvent, two or more types of impregnating solutions may be prepared and the same drying process may be repeated in a first stage, a second stage, etc. When a drop of the sample is applied to the composition prepared in this way or the composition is dipped into the sample, it exhibits a color tone depending on the buffering capacity of the sample. Corresponding to the buffering capacity of the sample saliva, the buffering capacity is divided into four ranks from the lowest to the lowest, for example, "Caution required", "Weak", and "Strong", and the color tone of the composition corresponding to each rank is the same. Create a color tone table (standard color comparison table) in advance.
The color tone exhibited according to the buffering capacity of the sample is compared with this standard colorimetric table to determine which rank of the above four ranks the buffering capacity of the sample corresponds to. The results of measuring the buffering capacity of sample saliva in this manner correlated well with the caries activity of the Dreissen test. In other words, caries activity was ``strong'' for ``-'', ``moderate'' for ``±'', ``weak'' for ``+'', and ``needs caution'' for ``''. EXAMPLES Examples are given below in order to better understand the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by these Examples. Example 1 Paper (10 cm x 10
cm), and after pulling it out, it was placed in a dryer at 60℃.
Dry for 30 minutes to complete the first stage treatment. Next, the first impregnated product was added to the second impregnation solution prepared by adding 55.2 mg of bromcresol green, 144.0 mg of bromoxylenol blue, and 750 mg of polyvinylpyrrolidone (average molecular weight 40,000) to 100 ml of ethyl alcohol and stirring and dissolving them. After being immersed and pulled out, it is dried in a dryer at 50°C for 15 minutes to complete the second stage treatment. This completes the composition, but for convenience of use it is cut into small pieces of approximately 10 mm x 10 mm, stored in a sealed container containing a desiccant, and removed from the container at the time of use. Upon application, a discoloration corresponding to the buffering capacity of saliva is immediately observed. In the composition for measuring buffering capacity produced according to this example, as the buffering capacity of the sample saliva increases, the yellow color of the base fades and the blue color increases, resulting in a yellow edge to a blue edge. By comparing this obvious color change with a standard colorimetric table, it is possible to easily measure the buffering capacity of the sample saliva with the average human eye. The buffering capacity of 25 samples of human saliva having various buffering capacities was measured by both the method using the composition of this example and the Dreissen method. The results are shown in Table 4, and a good correlation was observed between both methods.

【table】

[Table] Example 2 Methyl yellow 50 mg, bromcresol green 75 mg, sulfosalicylic acid 510 mg, polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 3000-3700) 2 g, polyoxyethylene sorbitan laurate 150 mg
A paper (10 cm x 10 cm) was immersed in an impregnating solution prepared by adding and stirring to dissolve in 100 ml of a solvent of 7 parts methyl alcohol and 1 part water, and dried at 60°C for 20 minutes. When various samples of saliva were applied to small pieces of this composition, the color changed from orange to yellow to yellowish to blueish, corresponding to the buffering capacity. Example 3 Bromocresol purple 250mg, citric acid,
A paper (30 cm x 30 cm) is immersed in an impregnating solution prepared by adding 1.05 g to 500 ml of methanol and stirring to dissolve it, and after taking it out, it is dried for 2 hours to produce a composition. When small pieces of this composition were immersed in various sample saliva, the color changed from yellow to yellow-purple to purple, corresponding to its buffering capacity. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above,
Various further modifications may be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Some of the changing means that can be replaced with those shown in the examples are listed below. As the PH indicator, any substance may be used as long as it shows a change in color according to a change in PH, and one having a color change range between PH1 and PH8 is preferable. Any buffer may be used as long as it can change the pH of the sample, and a substance that is solid at room temperature with a predetermined pH of 1 to 6 is more preferable. Any wetting agent can be used as long as it provides uniform dispersion and wetting of the sample. In principle, any type of surfactant may be used as long as it provides the effect of making discoloration uniform. However, the wetting agent and surfactant are added as desired and are not essential components of the present invention. In addition, various additives such as a protective agent, a thickening agent, and a dye can also be used. As detailed above, the present invention provides a composition that allows the buffering capacity of a specimen sample to be measured quickly, simply, and accurately using a minute amount of sample without requiring any special equipment or technology. Therefore, its practical value as a dental caries activity test is extremely large.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Saliva was attached to a caries activity test composition made by impregnating an absorbent carrier with a PH indicator system and an acidic buffer system, and the color tone was compared with a standard colorimetric table prepared in advance. A saliva buffering capacity measuring method characterized by measuring the buffering capacity of saliva.