JPH0161124B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combination concrete block for construction with which various structures can be constructed.

Japan's land is long and narrow, with a mountain range in the center, so there are very few flat areas. However, the coastline is approximately 30,000km long, which is extremely long compared to the country's land area. The area of shallow waters with a depth of less than 50 meters along this coastline is approximately 80,000.
Km ² , this shallow sea area is a valuable national land resource for our country. The conventional method of utilizing this shallow sea area has been to reclaim the sea surface and create a reclaimed land, and then construct various facilities on the reclaimed land. However, with conventional land reclamation methods, it is difficult to economically secure the earth and sand necessary for reclamation, and the collection and transportation of earth and sand causes great damage to nature and the environment. It also had drawbacks such as a long construction period from construction to completion.

The present invention has been made in view of this point of view, and is a construction concrete that makes it possible to create land on the sea without destroying the sea surface unlike land reclamation methods, and also makes it possible to effectively utilize the sea. The purpose of this method is to reduce the amount of earth and sand used compared to conventional land reclamation methods, shorten the construction period, and reduce natural destruction in the construction area.

In order to achieve this purpose, in the present invention,
In a concrete block consisting of a rectangular parallelepiped,
A fitting convex portion is formed at one end of the rectangular parallelepiped, extending from the center of one side toward the opposite side to the center of the rectangular parallelepiped, and extending from the center of the other side facing the one side to the fitting convex portion. A fitting concave portion is formed, and a fitting convex portion and a fitting concave portion positioned symmetrically to the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion are formed at the other end of the rectangular parallelepiped to form a main block. In a concrete block consisting of a regular square prism, fitting recesses extending from the center of each side face toward the opposite side are formed at the upper and lower ends of the regular square prism to serve as a connecting foundation block, and in a concrete block consisting of a rectangular parallelepiped. , a fitting convex portion extending from the center of one side surface to the other opposing side surface is formed at one end of the rectangular parallelepiped, and a fitting concave portion extending from the one side surface to the other side surface at the other end. is formed to form an auxiliary block for connection, and the above-mentioned fitting convex portion and fitting concave portion are formed to be able to fit freely with the fitting concave portion or fitting convex portion of another block to form a construction combination. Provide concrete blocks.

Then, legs are constructed by combining the main block and foundation blocks, and the ground is formed with slabs etc. on these legs to enable the construction of houses and other facilities, and the main block and auxiliary blocks are then constructed. In combination, it is possible to construct a wall body or an undersea oil storage tank, etc., thereby achieving the above-mentioned purpose.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

First, a case will be described in which a leg part is formed in the sea using the block according to the present invention, and an artificial sea site is constructed on this leg part. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the main block. In the figure, 10 is the main block made of reinforced concrete, 12 is the base, 1
Numerals 4 and 14 are fitting convex portions, 16 and 16 are fitting concave portions that can be fitted with the fitting convex portions 14 of other main blocks 10, and 18 is a screw hole having a nut embedded therein.

The main block 10 has lengths of each side W and D and a height of 2×h+H. One of the fitting convex portions 14 extends from the center of the entire upper surface of the rectangular prism to the center of the rectangular prism, and has a width w1, a depth D/2, and a height h. One of the fitting concave portions 16 has a shape obtained by cutting out a quadrangular prism on the rear side of the fitting convex portion 14, and has a width such that it can fit with the fitting convex portion 14 of the other main block 10. is slightly wider than width w1, depth is D/2, depth is h
It is. The other fitting convex portion 14 and fitting concave portion 1
6 is formed at the lower part of the square prism symmetrically with one of the fitting convex part 14 and the fitting concave part 16. The fitting convex portion 14 has a maximum width w1 at the root and is tapered to be narrower at the tip, and the fitting concave portion 16 has a maximum width w2 at the opening and tapers toward the back. If formed, it becomes easier to fit the fitting convex part 14 and the fitting concave part 16, and if the inclination of this taper is reversed, fitting can only be done from the top and bottom directions, but once they are fitted, they can be fitted horizontally. It becomes difficult to come off in that direction.

Screw holes 18 are provided on the front and rear surfaces of the base 12, respectively. It is preferable to use a corrosion-resistant material such as reinforced plastic or marine steel for the embedded nut.

When the main blocks 10 are stacked vertically and obliquely by fitting the fitting convex portion 14 and the fitting concave portion 16, each block becomes higher by H+h in the vertical direction and deviates by D/2 in the horizontal direction.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the connecting basic block. In the figure, 20 is a foundation block made of reinforced concrete, 22 is a base, and 24, 24, .

In this embodiment, the basic block 20 is a square prism with a side length of 2×(W+D/2) or more and a height of 2×h+H of 2×h or more, and has fitting recesses on its upper and lower end surfaces. 24, 24... are formed in a cross shape. The width and depth of the fitting recess 24 are the same as that of the main block 1.
The width w2 and depth h of the fitting concave portion 16 of No. 0 are the same, and the depth d is greater than or equal to the depth D/2 of the fitting convex portion 14.

It is preferable that hooks for hanging and movement be provided on the upper and lower end surfaces of each block 10, 20. This hook is buried so that it does not protrude from the end face of the block.

Next, construction of the leg using the blocks 10 and 20 having the above configuration will be explained. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of the leg constructed using blocks 10 and 20. In the case of this embodiment, the main blocks 10 are stacked in three stages to form the pillars.
The foundations are formed so that the lowest foundation block 20 can be arranged in a staggered manner with a center-to-center distance of 2×(A+D) from the opposing foundation blocks 20. The lowermost foundation block 20 is fixed by conventional methods such as forming a protrusion that fits into the fitting recess 24 integrally with the foundation.

When the installation of the lowest foundation block 20 is completed, a fitting convex portion is inserted into the fitting concave portion 24 of each foundation block 20 that faces the fitting concave portion 24 of the other foundation block 20. 14 and stack the main blocks 10. Each main block 10 is connected to the opposing main block 10 using two tie rods 30 and a turnbuckle 32. That is, one end of each tie rod 30 is screwed into the screw hole 18 of the main block 10, the other end is screwed into the turnbuckle 32, and the turnbuckle 3 is screwed into the turnbuckle 32.
The main blocks 10 and 1 face each other due to the rotation of the main blocks 10 and 1.
Adjust the tension of 0. At this time, if the cross turnbuckles 32 contact each other, the turnbuckles 3
Since it becomes difficult to rotate the tie rod 2, it is preferable to provide two screw holes 18, one above the other, or to change the length of the tie rod 30. The tie rod 30 and turnbuckle 32 are made of the same corrosion-resistant material as the embedded nut of the screw hole 18.

Similarly, other main blocks 10 are stacked on the first main block 10 placed on the foundation block 20 by fitting the fitting convex portions 14 and the fitting concave portions 16, and The blocks 10 are also connected by two tie rods 30 and turnbuckles 32. In the same manner, the main blocks 10 are stacked up to the third stage and connected to construct a pillar. The fitting convex portions 14 of the third-stage main block 10 are located in a cross shape that can fit with the fitting concave portions 24 of the base block 20, and the fitting convex portions 14 fit into these fitting convex portions 14. 2
4 are fitted and the foundation block 20 is placed.

With the above steps, the legs of the first stage are completed. If necessary, by stacking more main blocks 10 on top of the upper foundation block 20 and repeating the above operations, it is possible to further extend the legs by two or three stages. Therefore, the number of loading stages of the legs can be changed depending on the conditions of the construction site, and the top of the foundation block 20 at the highest stage can be set at a height that is not affected by waves.

When the legs are completed, a reinforced concrete plate such as a slab or a corrugated steel plate is laid on the foundation block 20 at the top. If necessary, cast-in-place concrete is applied to secure it and form an artificial ground. FIG. 4 shows a side view of the leg. In the case of a reinforced concrete plate, it is preferable to have a protrusion on the bottom surface that fits into the fitting concave portion 24 of the foundation block 20 and to form a half-shape on the side edge to prevent gaps from forming at the joint. .

FIGS. 5 and 6 are a side view and a plan view showing the vicinity of the top end of the leg of another embodiment. In this example,
A main block 10' having a fitting convex portion 14 and a fitting concave portion 16 formed on the same side is fitted to the second main block 10 of the uppermost column, and the foundation block 20 is installed as a foundation. It is designed so that it can be arranged in a grid pattern.
In addition, a shoulder portion 26 is formed by cutting off the upper part of the foundation block 20, and a foundation block 20' in which the fitting concave portion convex portion 24 inward from the shoulder portion 26 is crushed is used as the uppermost stage, and each foundation A rectangular reinforced concrete plate 34 is placed across the shoulder 26 of the block 20'. A convex portion that fits into the fitting recess 24 is provided on the lower surface of the reinforced concrete plate 34, so that the reinforced concrete plate 34 can be easily placed and fixed in a predetermined position.

The legs constructed in this way have a three-dimensional truss structure, so even if some of the pillars collapse, the legs as a whole will have little impact and will be strong.

Artificial ground is created on the sea by the above-mentioned work. Depending on the purpose, it is possible to mound soil on top of concrete ground to create grounds for general housing, baseball stadiums, parks, farmland, etc.

Since the sea floor is generally sloping, it may not be possible to form foundations on the same plane. In such a case, it is possible to make the artificial ground flat by changing the height H of the base 12 of the main block 10 as desired and adjusting the height of the legs of each step.

In connecting the main blocks 10 to 10, the tie rod 30 is screwed into the screw hole 18, but a hook may be provided in place of the screw hole 18, and the tie rod or wire rope may be hooked onto the hook.

The means for fixing the main block 10 and the main block 10 or the foundation block 20 is provided with a bolt hole that communicates when the fitting convex part 14 and the fitting concave part 16 or the fitting concave part 24 are fitted, There is also a bolt tightening method, and other conventional techniques are also possible.

Next, the construction of structures such as warehouses and tanks using the blocks of the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a modification example when the main block 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used for a wall, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an auxiliary block for connection. In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a main block having the same shape as the main block 10, and similarly to the main block 10, it has a base 42, fitting convex portions 44, 44, and fitting concave portions 46, 46, and the shape and dimensions of these are as follows. In this embodiment, it is the same as the main block 10. 50 is main block 4
0 is crossed at the center and divided into two pieces, and the connecting auxiliary block has one shape; 52 is the base;
4 is a fitting convex portion, and 56 is a fitting concave portion. Therefore, the width of the auxiliary block 50 is W, the depth is D, and the height is D/2, and the width of the fitting convex portion 54 is w1, the depth is h,
The height is D/2, the width of the fitting recess 56 is w2, the depth is h, and the height is D/2.

As shown in phantom lines in FIG. 7, the main block 40 has a fitting convex portion 44 and a fitting concave portion 46 that fit together and fit vertically and diagonally in different steps to form a wall. . Therefore, when the upper and lowermost stages are positioned on a horizontal plane, a gap is created between the adjacent main blocks 40 at the lowest stage, and the auxiliary block 50 is fitted into this gap to fill the gap.

9 and 10 are perspective views showing an example of a corner block for connecting the corner portions of a wall when the main block 40 and the auxiliary block 50 are used to form the wall. It is a corner block, and the main block 4 is attached to one end of the base 62, 72.
0 fitting concave portions 66, 76 and a fitting convex portion 64 that can fit with the fitting convex portion 44 and the fitting concave portion 46,
74, and the other end has fitting convex portions 64, 74 and fitting concave portions 66, 7 extending perpendicularly thereto.
It is equipped with 6. These corner blocks 6
0,70 are the main block 40 and the auxiliary block 5
When constructing a wall by stacking 0 pieces, a corner part is formed by connecting the main block 40 and the auxiliary block 50 at the side ends of the wall that are orthogonal to each other. Therefore, the depth of the corner blocks 60, 70 is D, the height is H, and the shape and size of the fitting convex portions 64, 74 and the fitting concave portions 66, 76 are the same as the fitting convex portion 44 of the main block 40. and the fitting recessed portion 46. The width of the base portions 62, 72 is set as desired. These blocks 40, 50, 60, and 70 are also provided with hooks for hanging.

An example of constructing a warehouse, oil storage tank, etc. using these blocks is shown in FIG. 11. Reference numerals 80, 82, and 84 are bottom plates made of reinforced concrete, and tenons or the like are formed at the joints of the bottom plates 80, 82, and 84 to prevent gaps from forming at the joints. Also, the bottom block 5
0, 60, and 70 are fixed to the bottom plates 80, 82, and 84 in advance, or are fixed by conventional methods during construction. The blocks 40, 60, and 70 in the second and subsequent stages are stacked one after another by fitting the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion, thereby constructing a wall body in a desired number of steps. A gap into which the auxiliary block 50 can be inserted is created in the wall at the top end, so the auxiliary block 50 is fitted into this gap to flatten the top end of the wall. Then, a reinforced concrete lid similar to the bottom plates 80, 82, 84 is placed and fixed on top of this top end.

When using such a structure as an oil storage tank on the seabed, each block 40, 5
The fitting parts and joints of Nos. 0, 60, and 70 are sealed with adhesive or filler, and a valve for injecting and discharging oil and a valve for injecting and draining seawater are attached to the lid.

Although the internal structure of the block is not shown in the accompanying drawings, it is equipped with reinforcing bars in a known manner and manner.

If the block of the present invention having the above configuration is used, an artificial site can be built in the ocean, an oil storage tank can be built under the sea, etc.
Alternatively, it is possible to easily construct a seawall or the like.

When constructing an artificial site in the ocean, the construction period is shorter and construction costs are reduced compared to conventional land reclamation methods. Also, there is no need for bank protection works such as breakwaters. There is a space between the structures of the legs, and the intricate legs can act as a fish reef to encourage the inhabitation of fish and other species, thereby preventing the destruction of nature.

If an oil storage tank is built underwater, there is no need to reclaim the sea surface as in the past, significantly reducing construction costs and eliminating the need for natural destruction at the construction site.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the main block according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the connecting foundation block, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the main block and foundation block. A perspective view showing a state in which the legs are constructed; FIG. 4 is a side view showing the side of the legs;
5 and 6 are a side view and a plan view showing the vicinity of the top end of the leg of another embodiment, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the main block used for another purpose, and FIG.
The figure is a perspective view showing an auxiliary block for connection, FIGS. 9 and 10 are perspective views showing a corner block for connection, and FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of a construction using the block according to the present invention. FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Main block, 12... Base, 14... Fitting convex part, 16... Fitting concave part, 20... Foundation block,
22...Base, 24...Fitting concave part, 40...Main block, 42...Base, 44...Fitting convex part, 46...Fitting concave part, 50...Auxiliary block, 52...Base, 54
... Fitting convex part, 56... Fitting concave part, 60, 70...
Corner block, 62, 72... Base, 64, 7
4... Fitting convex part, 66, 76... Fitting concave part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A concrete block consisting of a rectangular parallelepiped, including: a fitting convex portion extending from the center of one side toward the opposite side to the center of the rectangular parallelepiped at one end of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the other side facing the one side. A fitting concave portion extending from the center to the fitting convex portion is formed, and a fitting convex portion and a fitting portion located symmetrically to the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion are formed at the other end of the rectangular parallelepiped. A construction combination characterized in that a mating concave portion is formed, and the mating convex portion and the mating concave portion are formed so as to be freely mated with the mating concave portion or the mating convex portion of another block. concrete block. 2 The width of one side of the rectangular parallelepiped is W, the depth is D, and the height is 2×h+H, and the width of the fitting convex portion is
w1, the depth is D/2, the height is h, the width of the fitting recess is slightly wider than w1, the depth is D/2,
The combination concrete block for construction according to claim 1, having a depth of h.