JPH0160258B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

This invention provides a wheelchair that can obtain a large propulsion force by slowing down the body for physically disabled people who cannot carry out daily activities without using a wheelchair, and provides a wheelchair for people with weak grip strength and muscle strength or no grip strength at all. For people with spinal cord injuries, it has a backstop function that increases the propulsion force of the wheelchair by decelerating even if the muscle force that can be applied to the handrims is small, and at the same time prevents the rear wheels from rotating in the opposite direction in the direction of movement of the wheelchair. This relates to a wheelchair that makes it easier to climb uphills and gradients by preventing the expansion of the radius of movement. For a person with both healthy arms, maneuvering a wheelchair indoors is trivial. however,
Once you go outdoors, you cannot avoid encountering steep slopes or uphill slopes. A well-trained young man might be able to give his all and make it to the top, but it's quite painful. In such a case, if you slow down based on the same concept as changing gears on a bicycle, you will be able to speed up relatively easily, although your speed will drop. For women and the elderly,
If the wheelchair has a backstop function that allows it to stop exactly in that position even if you let go of the handrims in the middle of climbing while decelerating, you can continue climbing while taking a break. Uphill and slope problems are serious for people with spinal cord injuries who have no grip strength.
Even if you don't have enough grip strength, you can use the wheelchair freely indoors by attaching materials with a high coefficient of friction to the handrims, creating unevenness, or attaching protrusions to the handrims so that you can press down on the handrims with the palms of your hands. Although it can be turned, the propulsion force is small because it slips. The steep uphill slope of the outdoor entrance,
I can't climb even the slightest slope between buildings. Even if you get halfway up, you don't have the strength to climb all the way up, and the arms that support the hand rims get tired and eventually give out. If the caster turns in the opposite direction to the direction the wheelchair is traveling while going uphill, the person no longer has the physical strength to turn it back on and go uphill. You might think that it would be a good idea to apply the brakes and take a break halfway up the slope, but this method is difficult and dangerous because the moment the brakes are released, the wheelchair will start to roll back. Currently, their radius of movement is small and they live within a very limited and narrow area. Electric wheelchairs require constant maintenance and charging, and because they do not use their remaining functions, there is a risk of stiffening and deterioration of the remaining functions, and since they do not provide exercise, there is also a risk of worsening the digestive system. Therefore, orthopedic surgeons and physical therapists do not recommend the use of electric wheelchairs. Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the drawings show embodiments of the present invention. The configuration of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the left wheel hub of the two-stage transmission/backstop device for the wheelchair. The frame of the wheelchair is inserted into the hub axle bracket 1 from above and below, and the hub axle bracket 1 and the frame are fixed with parallel pins and welding. A wheel hub 3 incorporating a needle bearing 2 that supports the frame side of the wheelchair and having spoke holes opened is fitted into the hub axle 4 so that a sun gear cut into the hub axle 4 is inserted into the wheel hub 3. Insert the hub axle 4, which is thinner than the part where the needle bearing 2 rotates, into the hub axle bracket 1, tighten it with a nut 5, and then insert a parallel pin 6 between the hub axle bracket 1 and the hub axle 4 to fix it. do. The needle bearing 2 rotates between the sun gear cut into the hub axle 4 and the hub axle bracket 1. The wheel hub 3 is provided with several protrusions and threaded, and a portion of the wheel hub 3 with spoke holes and holes into which several pins 7 are fitted is fastened with screws to complete the wheel hub 3. Several gear shafts 8 are fitted into the side surfaces of the wheel hub 3 on the side of the wheelchair frame with a tight fit.
Secure by caulking the tip. A planetary gear 10 incorporating an oil-impregnated bearing 9 is fitted into the gear shaft 8, and a fixing ring 11 is fitted with an interference fit to securely fix the gear shaft 8. When the wheel hub 3 rotates, the planetary gear 10 revolves together with the wheel hub 3 while rotating around the sun gear cut into the hub shaft 4. A housing 13 incorporating a one-way clutch 12 with a needle bearing and an input wheel 15 incorporating a needle bearing 14 are fitted into the hub shaft 4 and fastened with a ring nut 16. A clearance must be provided between the sun gear cut on the hub axle 4 and the hub axle 4 to which the ring nut 16 has been fastened so that the housing 13 and input wheel 15 can rotate lightly. A change wheel 17 slides on the housing 13 and cuts teeth that engage with the housing 13. There are several sliding pins 1 on the side of the input wheel 15.
Drill a sliding hole 8, weld several plate-like spokes 20 welded to the hand rim 19, cut a groove for the ball bearing 21, insert the ball bearing 21, and support the side of the wheel hub 3 on the outside of the wheelchair. do. Change wheel 1 that slides inside the wheel hub 3 to transmit rotational force
For 7, cut the internal meshing teeth that mesh with the planetary gear 10 and the housing 13, and tightly fit the pin 7 that fits into the hole drilled in the side of the wheel hub 3 on the opposite side where the planetary gear 10 rotates. Push it into place. What supports the change wheel 17 is a sliding pin 18 that slides in a hole drilled in the input wheel 15. The sliding pin 18 is inserted into the change wheel 17 with a tight fit and the tip is inserted into the change wheel 17. caulk to ensure fixation and withstand rotational force transmission and sliding. A sliding wheel 22 is fastened to the sliding pin 18 that has come out of the wheel hub 3 with a screw. In order to protect the sliding wheel 22, the sliding wheel 22 is attached to the hand rim 1.
The method of attaching the plate-like spokes 20 and the hand rim 19 will be devised so that they fit inside the spokes 9. A thrust ball bearing 23 is installed in the sliding wheel 22, a wire holder 25 to which the wire of the cable wire 24 is fixed is fitted into the sliding wheel 22 and the thrust ball bearing 23, and a wire cap 26 is installed in the wire holder 25.
Fasten with screws. By doing so, even if the sliding wheel 22 rotates, the wire holder 25 and wire cap 26 do not rotate. A spring seat 27 is placed at the tip of the bored hub axle 4.
Insert the wire holder 25 fitted with the wire holder 25 so that it slides, cut the bored hub axle 4 protruding from the inside of the wheelchair frame with a screw, screw in the adjuster star 28, and insert the wire holder 25 between the adjuster star 28 and the spring seat 27. Insert the compression coil spring 29. The adjuster star 28 is for adjusting the compression strength of the compression coil spring 29.
9 serves to return the change wheel 17 meshed with the planetary gear 10 to its original position and to fit the pin 7 into the hole made in the wheel hub 3.
The wire of the cable wire 24 is passed through the spring seat 27, the compression coil spring 29, and the adjuster star 28, taken out inside the frame of the wheelchair, and the cable is inserted into the wire. Cable is Ajia Star 2
It stops at the hole drilled at 8. Figure 4 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of the left wheel hub of the two-speed transmission/backstop device for a wheelchair, which has a special plate-shaped protrusion 30 for people with spinal cord injuries.
is attached to the hand rim 19. This plate-shaped protrusion 30 is pressed down with the palm of the hand and rotated. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the left wheel hub portion of the two-stage transmission for the wheelchair. Comparing with Figure 3,
Instead of fitting the housing 13 incorporating the one-way clutch 12 with a needle bearing into the hub axle 4, a bush 31 is incorporated into the change wheel 17 and slid around the hub axle 4 as an axis. The explanation of the configuration is similar to that shown in FIG. 3, so it will be omitted. FIG. 1 is a left side view, a front view, and a right side view of the change lever section on the left side of the wheelchair when it is attached under the armrest of the wheelchair. A pipe 32 having the same diameter as the frame is fastened to the lower frame of the armrest with screws. Cut a groove in the pipe 32 in which the stud bolt of the change lever 33 slides, bend the tip of the groove at a right angle so that the change lever 33 faces upward, and bend the other end of the groove at a right angle so that the change lever 33 points downward. bend to By doing so, when turning the wheelchair, the change lever 33
does not get in the way. An adjuster star 34 is screwed into the rear end of the pipe 32, and an adjuster star holder 35 fastened and adjusted with a nut is fitted, a cable wire 24 is passed through the adjuster star 34 and the adjuster star holder 35, and the cable is stopped at the adjuster star 34. A slider 36 sliding in the pipe 32 and a tension coil spring 37 having enough force to compress the compression coil spring 29 and a slider 38 are connected and inserted into the pipe 32.
A stud bolt of the change lever 33 is screwed into the slider 36 through a groove cut in the pipe 32, and a wire of the cable wire 24 is fastened to the slider 38 with a screw. The adjuster star 34 is for adjusting the tensile strength of the tension coil spring 37.
Figures 1 and 2 represent a two-speed transmission for a wheelchair, and Figures 1 and 3 represent a two-speed transmission for a wheelchair.
It is used as a backstop device. Next, the functions of this invention will be explained. In FIG. 1, when the change lever 33 is in the position shown in the drawing, in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hand rim 19 is
The rotation is transmitted to the input wheel 15 via the plate-like spokes 20. When the input wheel 15 rotates, the sliding wheel 2
2. The change wheel 17 rotates and the rotational force is transmitted to the wheel hub 3 via the pin 7. At this time, the ball bearing 21 does not serve as a bearing, and the wheel hub 3 rotates while being supported by the needle bearing 2 and the needle bearing 14. The rotation of the hand rim 19 is directly transmitted to the wheel hub 3, the rotation ratio of the hand rim 19 and the wheel hub 3 is the same, and the planetary gear 10 rotates together with the wheel hub 3 while rotating around the sun gear cut into the hub shaft 4. However, the wheel hub 3 is free to rotate. In FIG. 1, the change lever 33
When the slider 38 is slid and fitted into the imaginary line, the slider 38 is pulled by the tension coil spring 37 and slides to pull the cable wire 24. Second
In Figure 3, the sliding wheel 2 is compressed while compressing the compression coil spring 29.
2. The change wheel 17 slides, the pin 7 comes out of the wheel hub 3, and the change wheel 17 meshes with the planetary gear 10. When the change wheel 17 hits the planetary gear 10 and does not engage, the force of the tension coil spring 37 is still acting on the change wheel 17, so the hand rim 1
Turn 9 a little and it will engage. hand rim 19・
The rotation of the input wheel 15 becomes the rotation of the change wheel 17 and is transmitted to the wheel hub 3 via the planetary gear 10. The wheel hub 3 is supported by a needle bearing 2 and a ball bearing 21 and rotates, and the input wheel 15 is supported by a needle bearing 14 and rotated. If you try to calculate the reduction ratio using the number of teeth used in the drawing, you will get the following table. The module is 1.0.

[Table] In Fig. 2, when the hand rim 19 rotates 1.47 times, the wheel hub 3 rotates once, and in Fig. 3, when the hand rim 19 rotates 1.50 times, the wheel hub 3 rotates once. In FIG. 1, when the change lever 33 is removed from the imaginary line, the change lever 33 returns to its original position by the force of the compression coil spring 29, and as shown in FIG.
In FIG. 3, the sliding wheel 22 and change wheel 17 slide due to the force of the compression coil spring 29, and the pin 7 fits into the wheel hub 3, and the rotation ratio between the hand rim 19 and the wheel hub 3 is changed again. It will be the same. If the pin 7 does not fit into the wheel hub 3, rotate the hand rim 19 a little and it will fit into the wheel hub 3. This is a two-speed transmission. In FIG. 2, the change wheel 17 is supported by the bush 31 and rotates, so the wheel hub 3 is free to rotate, but in FIG. It also engages with a housing 13 incorporating a one-way clutch 12 with a bearing. When the wheel hub 3 moves counterclockwise as the wheelchair moves forward, the one-way clutch 12 with a needle bearing does not engage, but if even a slight clockwise force that causes the wheelchair to move backwards acts on the wheel hub 3, the one-way clutch 12 with a needle bearing engages.
Since the wheel hub 3 is jammed, the wheel hub 3 does not rotate clockwise. Even though there is always a clockwise force acting on the rear wheels when going uphill or on a gradient, the wheelchair does not move back. This is the backstop. For people with both healthy arms, maneuvering around in a wheelchair indoors is trivial. However, once you go outdoors, you cannot avoid encountering steep uphill slopes or slopes. It is common for people to take detours because their residences and facilities are located in areas with many slopes, and they cannot reach their destination without climbing those slopes. For those who live in such a geographical environment,
The problem of uphill and slope is serious. hand rim 1
The wheelchair won't move unless you grip 9 tightly and apply a considerable amount of muscle strength, and using your arms too quickly can cause fatigue and shortness of breath. When rolling the wheelchair indoors, the rotation ratio of the hand rims 19 and the rear wheels should be the same, and outdoors, by decelerating as necessary, the wheelchair can move uphill and gradients relatively easily. According to the calculations for the design example shown in Figure 2, the wheelchair can obtain 1.47 times the propulsion force. Even a person with spinal cord injury who has no grip strength can move the wheelchair by pressing the special plate-shaped protrusion 30 attached to the hand rim 19 with the palm of the hand, as shown in Figure 4, since the forearm and upper arm can move. It is possible to repeat. To steer the wheelchair, we use a brake system that applies the brakes by pressing the brake lever with the palm of your hand.The brake in the direction you want to turn is used as a half brake, and if you turn the other side,
It can turn at right angles and even make U-turns. When going down a slope, the brakes on both sides can be used as half brakes, and steering can be done by controlling the pressure. Handrim 19 when rolling the wheelchair indoors
The wheelchair can be rotated freely even if the rotation ratio of the rear wheels is the same. Using the remaining functions to move the wheelchair in this way means that the remaining functions become stiff and
This is extremely important in terms of preventing degeneration. Residual functions are not only trained and strengthened, but also
Exercise improves your breathing, circulation, and digestive system, which is very good for your body. If the uphill slope is long or the slope is so large that you cannot climb it all at once, you can operate the change lever 33 to have the gear change/bump stop function, so that you can take your palm off the hand rim 19 in the middle of the uphill/gradient. However, the casters stop exactly in that position, still facing the direction the wheelchair is traveling. In this state, it is very easy to start, you can climb hills and slopes while resting, which reduces fatigue, and you do not need to apply the brakes instantaneously, so it is safe. According to the trial calculations for the design example in Figure 3, the wheelchair will be able to obtain 1.50 times the propulsion force, and since it also has a backstop function, the climbing ability will be dramatically increased, and it will be able to climb up large and low slopes and slopes. Can be cut. This effect can be applied not only to people with spinal cord injuries, but also to women, the elderly, and all kinds of disabled people who use wheelchairs. It is no exaggeration to say that this invention has solved the problem of uphill slopes and gradients that limit the expansion of the radius of action.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows a left side view, a front view, and a right side view of the change lever section on the left side of the wheelchair when it is attached under the armrest of the wheelchair. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the left wheel hub of a two-stage transmission for a wheelchair. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the left wheel hub of the two-speed transmission/backstop device of the wheelchair. Figure 4 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of the left wheel hub of the two-speed transmission/backstop device for a wheelchair.
It is attached to 9. 1... Hub axle bracket, 2... Needle bearing, 3... Wheel hub, 4... Hub axle, 5
...Natsuto, 6...Parallel pin, 7...Pin, 8...
... Gear shaft, 9 ... Oil-impregnated bearing, 10 ... Planetary gear,
11...Fixing ring, 12...One-way clutch with needle bearing, 13...Housing, 14
... Needle bearing, 15 ... Input wheel, 16 ... Ring nut, 17 ... Change wheel, 18 ... Sliding pin, 19
... Hand rim, 20 ... Plate-shaped spoke, 21 ... Ball bearing, 22 ... Sliding wheel, 23 ... Thrust ball bearing, 2
4... Cable wire, 25... Wire holder, 26... Wire cap, 27... Spring seat,
28... Adjuster star, 29... Compression coil spring, 30... Plate-shaped protrusion, 31... Bush, 32... Pipe, 33... Change lever,
34...Adjustment star, 35...Adjustment star holder, 36...Slider, 37...Tension coil spring, 38...Slider.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Needle bearing 14 having hub shaft 4 as its axis
One side of the sliding pin 18 is inserted into the change wheel 17, and the other is inserted into the change wheel 17. One end is connected to the sliding wheel 22 outside the wheel hub 3 with a screw, and a planetary gear 10 is attached to the side surface inside the wheel hub 3 on the wheelchair frame side in which the needle bearing 2 with the hub axle 4 as the axis is incorporated. The gear shaft 8 is fixed, and the sliding wheel 22 is slid onto the planetary gear 10, which rotates around the sun gear cut on the hub shaft 4 and revolves together with the wheel hub 3, and the change wheel 17 is engaged with the input. Wheel 15 and plate-shaped spokes 2
Regarding the rotation of the hand rim 19 connected at 0,
The rotation ratio of the wheel hub 3 that rotates supported by the needle bearing 2 and the ball bearing 21 is changed, and when the change wheel 17 does not slide, the pin 7 embedded in the change wheel 17 is inserted into the wheel hub 3 on the outside of the wheelchair. A wheelchair in which a change wheel 17 and a wheel hub 3 are integrated into a hole drilled in the side of the wheel, and the rotation ratio of the wheel hub 3 and hand rim 19, which rotate while being supported by a needle bearing 2 and a needle bearing 14, is the same. Two-speed transmission. 2 Cable wire 24 that pulls the center of the sliding wheel 22 through the compression coil spring 29 placed in the bored hub axle 4 and a tension coil spring with enough force to compress the compression coil spring 29. By connecting the tension coil spring 37 and maintaining the tensioned state of the tension coil spring 37, the sliding wheel 22 and the change wheel 17 can be slid to have a speed change function, and the tension coil spring 37 is pulled. 2. The two-stage transmission system for a wheelchair according to claim 1, wherein the sliding wheel 22 and change wheel 17 are returned to their original positions by the force of a compression coil spring 29 when they are not tensioned. 3 Needle bearing 14 centered around hub axle 4
One side of the sliding pin 18 is inserted into the change wheel 17, and the other is inserted into the change wheel 17. One end is connected to the sliding wheel 22 outside the wheel hub 3 with a screw, and a planetary gear 10 is attached to the side surface inside the wheel hub 3 on the wheelchair frame side in which the needle bearing 2 with the hub axle 4 as the axis is incorporated. The wheelchair is moved back through a planetary gear 10 which rotates around a sun gear cut on the hub axle 4 and revolves together with the wheel hub 3, and a one-way clutch 12 with a needle bearing that has the hub axle 4 as its axis. The input wheel 15 and the plate-like spokes 20 are assembled by sliding the sliding wheel 22 into the housing 13 that is assembled so as to engage the change wheel 17.
The wheel hub 3, which rotates while being supported by the needle bearing 2 and the ball bearing 21, changes the rotation ratio with respect to the rotation of the hand rim 19 connected to the hand rim 19, and at the same time has a backstop function that does not rotate in the opposite direction with respect to the direction of travel of the wheelchair. When the change wheel 17 does not slide, the pin 7 inserted into the change wheel 17 fits into the hole made in the side of the wheel hub 3 on the outside of the wheelchair, and the change wheel 17 and the wheel hub 3 are held together.
This is a two-stage speed change/backstop device for a wheelchair in which the wheel hub 3 and the hand rim 19 have the same rotation ratio and are supported by the needle bearings 2 and 14 and can freely rotate forward and backward. 4 Cable wire 24 that pulls the center of the sliding wheel 22 through the compression coil spring 29 placed in the bored hub axle 4 and a tension coil spring with enough force to compress the compression coil spring 29. By connecting the tension coil springs 37 and maintaining the tensioned state of the tension coil springs 37, the sliding wheel 22 and the change wheel 17 can be slid to have the functions of speed change and backstop. A two-speed gear shift system for a wheelchair according to claim 3, characterized in that when not being pulled, the sliding wheel 22 and the change wheel 17 are returned to their original positions by the force of the compression coil spring 29. Backstop device.