JPH0155964B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) This invention is applicable to the joint aspect of the wooden surfaces of various horizontal structural members for wooden buildings such as foundations, beams, girders, and purlins with various horizontal structural members and columns. The present invention relates to a processing machine for correspondingly cutting.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, cutting of the wooden surface of a horizontal member, for example cutting of various cutting forms as shown in Fig. 4, is performed using a single function corresponding to each required cutting form. This was carried out using multiple specialized machines with

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Therefore, since each dedicated machine is responsible for the cutting of various types of cutting, the number of machines, the number of workers, the machine space, the work space, etc. increase, and the workpiece transfer distance increases. There are problems such as an increase in the number of milling points, a decrease in work efficiency as it is necessary to mark the machining position of the workpiece, and a decrease in machining accuracy as the workpiece is repeatedly clamped each time it is cut. There was a problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a versatile processing machine having multiple functions that can comprehensively perform various types of cutting operations.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a stopper for defining the processing position of the workpiece on the workpiece transfer path so as to be able to control the movement along the transfer path, and a stopper on both sides of the workpiece. a pair of side machining units equipped with a plurality of pairs of blades arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the transfer path for cutting and drilling the work; and a pair of side processing units arranged above and below the transfer path to vertically perforate the workpiece. A perforating unit equipped with a pair of cutters arranged to cut the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece, and a top and bottom surface processing unit equipped with a pair of cutters placed oppositely above and below the transfer path for cutting the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece. The distance between the center line of the cutter of the unit and the center line of the cutter of the perforating unit, and the distance between the center line of the cutter of the perforation unit and the center line of the cutter of the upper and lower surface machining unit are each 1/2 of the basic column spacing. The gist is that the processing machines are arranged along the transfer path so as to be a multiple of .

(Function) The processing machine of the present invention positions the workpiece with a stopper whose movement is controlled on the workpiece transfer path, and performs three processing operations in order to comprehensively perform various cutting operations for horizontal members for wooden constructions. The three machining units are arranged side by side, and by rationally arranging these three machining units, cutting can be performed at a plurality of positions at the same time.

(Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, 1 is a bed of a processing machine K,
Vises 67 to 67, which are controlled to expand and contract centrially in order to clamp the workpiece W transferred from the feed conveyor 70 side on the right side in the figure to the delivery conveyor 71 side on the left side in the figure, are located above the central part. is work W
drive rollers 68 to 68 are arranged in parallel along conveyors 70 and 71 on both sides of the bed 1, respectively. A transfer path F for transferring W is formed.

First, we will explain the cutting unit A, which is arranged slightly in front of the feed conveyor 70 in order to cut the work W in the width direction. 2 is a column erected on the bed 1, and 3 is a column 2. On the other hand, bases are arranged side by side so as to be slidable in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction), 4 is a motor attached to the base 3, and 5 is a circular saw attached to the motor 4, which is always connected to the transfer path F. It is held at the lower end position of the column 2, is attached downward to the upper end of the column 2, and when the cylinder 6 connected to the base 3 is operated, it rises together with the base 3 and moves the workpiece W in the width direction. Can be cut.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a first stopper installed in a positioning unit B arranged slightly ahead of the hoistway of the circular saw 5 so as to be able to advance onto the transfer path F and retreat from the transfer path F; It is connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 9 installed at
The front end of the workpiece W comes into contact with the first stopper 7 and the front end side of the workpiece W is cut. The position is specified, and the first stopper 7 after cutting the front end side of the workpiece W
is retracted in the Z-axis direction, and the workpiece W is transferred to the left in the figure.

Next, the side surface machining unit C provided at the first machining station S1 located in front of the positioning unit B for cutting and drilling both sides of the workpiece will be described. However, in the same station S1, a pair of left and right machining units C are disposed opposite to each other across a transfer path F, and since both machining units C are configured symmetrically, only one machining unit C will be described.

10 is a guide base placed horizontally on bed 1;
Reference numeral 11 denotes a slide base mounted side by side on the guide base 10 so as to be slidable in the Z-axis direction; 12 a first servo motor attached to the guide base 10 for driving the slide base 11 in the Z-axis direction; 13 is a column erected on the slide base 11 so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction; 14 is a second servo motor attached to the slide base 11 for driving the column 13 in the X-axis direction; 15 is a second servo motor; An elevating body is attached to the column 13 so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction. 16 is a third servo motor attached to the upper end of the column 13 to drive the elevating body 15 in the Y-axis direction. 17, 18 , 19 is the elevating body 15
Upper, middle, and lower blade drive motors are attached to motor bases 20, 21, and 22, which are respectively attached to motor bases 20, 21, and 22 so as to be slidable in the Z-axis direction relative to the side surface of the motor. The inner cutter 27 mounted in a direct connection is slidable in the axial direction with respect to the motor shaft 17a of the upper motor 17, and the inner cutter 26 is an outer cutter mounted so that it can be retracted and retracted concentrically. The motor 17 moves in the Z-axis direction in two stages: a forward end position in which the inner cutter 26 is projected forward of the outer cutter 27, and a forward end position in which the inner cutter 26 is stored in the outer cutter 27. Movement controlled.

28 is a counterbored hole attached to the medium motor 18;
Reference numeral 29 denotes a router bit attached to the lower motor 19, which includes inner and outer cutters 26, 27, and a counterbore 2.
8. The router bit 29 is controlled to move integrally in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and individually or integrally in the Z-axis direction. Then, using both the inner and outer cutters 26 and 27, large dovetail hooks h1 and h1 are placed on the horizontal member O as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to cut the pillar support h2 shown in Fig. 4 C, and the tea mill h3 shown in Fig. 4 D.
You can also use the counterbore drill 28 and router bit 29 together for large-draw carving, joist carving J1, and flint carving J2.
When machining, as shown in Fig. 5, use a counterbore drill 28 to drill holes in both lower corners, and then use a router bit 29 to counterbore them into an approximately rectangular shape. It is possible to carry out cutting operations such as large hiki carving, joist carving, flint carving j1, j2, etc. for fitting, and it is also possible to drill counterbored bolt holes m1 (see Fig. 4) with the counterbored drill 28. can.

Next, in order to vertically cut the work W, a second machining station S1 is placed in front of the first machining station S1.
To explain the drilling unit D provided in the processing station S2, 30 is a column installed upright on the bed 1, and 31 and 39 are arranged side by side near the upper and lower ends of the column 30 so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction. A pair of upper and lower elevating bodies 32 and 40 are cylinders attached to the lower and upper ends of the column 30, respectively, for raising and lowering the elevating bodies 31 and 39;
33 and 41 are X for the elevating bodies 31 and 39, respectively.
Motor bases are arranged so as to be slidable in the axial direction, cylinders 34 and 42 are respectively attached to the elevating bodies 31 and 39 for driving the motor bases 33 and 41 in the X-axis direction, and 36 and 43 are motor bases. Motors attached to 33 and 41, respectively, 3
6 and 44 are chucks for gripping only the pair of upper and lower corners 38 and 46, respectively; 37 and 45;
are chisel receivers for fixing the case parts of the corner chisels 38 and 46, respectively. And only the corner 38,
46 are controlled to move independently in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and only these two corners 38 and 46 are operated to move the column mortise holes i1, i1 and the stud mortise holes i shown in FIG.
2 can be cut.

Next, a description will be given of the upper and lower surface machining unit E provided at the third machining station S3 disposed in front of the second machining station S2 in order to cut the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece W in the width direction. Column erected near the front end of, 48,5
Reference numeral 6 denotes a pair of upper and lower elevating bodies that are attached to the side surfaces near the upper and lower ends of the column 47 so that they can slide in the Y-axis direction, and 49 is attached to the lower end of the column 47 to move the lower elevating body 48 up and down. 58 is an upper cylinder attached to the upper end of the column 47 via a mounting bracket 57 for raising and lowering the lifting body 45, and 50 and 59 are attached in the Z-axis direction with respect to the lifting bodies 48 and 56, respectively. A pair of horizontal moving bodies 51 and 60 are horizontally movable bodies 50 and 5 arranged side by side so as to be slidable to each other.
9 in the Z-axis direction, the elevating bodies 48, 56
52 is a base attached to the lower horizontal moving body 50 so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction, and 53 is a cylinder attached to the lower horizontal moving body 50 to drive the base 52 in the X-axis direction. 54 is a motor mounted on the base 52;
1 is a motor attached to the lower surface of the upper horizontal moving body 59;
Reference numerals 55 and 62 denote a pair of upper and lower disc-shaped cutters attached to both motors 54 and 61, respectively. The lower cutter 55 is controlled to move in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, while the upper cutter 61 is controlled to move in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions. The movement is controlled independently in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and both cutters 55 and 62 can be driven to cut the stud gaps g1 to g1 in Figure 4 R and N, and the rafter gap g2 in Figure 4 L. can.
Note that the groove width w1 of the stud notch g1 shown in FIG. The groove width w2 of the rafter notch g2 is larger than the blade width w1 of the cutter 55, and the machining is completed in two steps by displacing the cutter 55 in both directions of the X axis by w1-w2/2, so only the lower cutter 55 The movement is controlled in the axial direction, and the rafter notch g2 is indented only on the upper surface of the horizontal member O, so there is no need to move the upper cutter 62 in the X-axis direction.

However, when cutting the stud notches g1 and rafter notches g2 mentioned above, the horizontal member O is processed upside down,
The lower surface of the workpiece W becomes the upper surface of the horizontal member O.

Next, the positioning mechanism for positioning the workpiece W by contacting the front end cut surface of the workpiece W will be explained.The positioning mechanism 64 is slidable in the X-axis direction on a rail 66 horizontally suspended along the transfer path F. The mounted moving body 65 is attached to the tip of the moving body 64 and is attached to the outer surface of the moving body 64 in order to control the movement of the second stopper 63 installed on the transfer path F in the along-road direction (X-axis direction). A positioning servo motor attached to the second stopper 63 is driven to rotate in forward and reverse directions based on commands from a command device that stores positioning data set corresponding to the cutting position of the workpiece W. moves to the rightmost position of the movement stroke to define the first machining position of the workpiece W, and then moves to the left to the set position to define the next machining position during cutting of the workpiece W. Wait on transfer path F. And the second stopper 63
The total cutting length of the workpiece W (the length of the horizontal member O) is defined by the distance LA between the cutter and the circular saw 5, and the distance between the second stopper 63 and the blade center line C1 of the side processing unit C is defined.
The length from the front end face of the workpiece W to the side machining position is defined by LC, and the mortise hole is machined from the front end face of the workpiece W at the distance LD between the second stopper 63 and the cutter center line D1 of the drilling unit D. The length to the position is specified, and the distance between the second stopper 63 and the blade center line E1 of the upper and lower surface processing unit E is determined.
LE defines the length from the front end cut surface of the workpiece W to the upper and lower surface machining positions.

In addition, the blade center line C of the side processing unit C
1 and the cutter center line D1 of the drilling unit D (LC-LD) is the same as the distance between the same center line D1 and the cutter center line E1 of the upper and lower surface processing unit E (LD-LD).
The interval between C1 and D1 and the interval between D1 and E1 are each set to be a multiple of 1/2 of the basic column spacing of the building, and in this example, the basic column spacing is set to 2× When P1, C1, D1
The interval between D1 and E1 (LC - LD) is 2 x 1/2 of P1, that is, 2 x P1, and the interval between D1 and E1 (LD -
LE) is set to 1 times 1/2 of 2×P1, that is, P1.

Next, the relative positions of the second stopper 63, each machining unit A, C, D, E, and the workpiece W will be explained using the example of the horizontal member O shown in FIG. 6. The distance P1 between the stud notches g1 to g1 cut by the side processing unit C and the column rest h2 or large dovetail hook h1 cut by the side processing unit C is almost constant for various horizontal members O, and is actually 1.5 shaku. 2×P1 or 3
The shaku is generally the basic column spacing. In addition, both end surfaces O1 and O2 of the horizontal member O, and stud notches g1 and g1 at both ends.
The distances l1 and l2 between the two ends are indefinite values that vary depending on the shape of the joints at both ends of the horizontal member O. The second stopper 63, whose movement is controlled according to the machining at each position, moves l1+ to the circular saw 5 when cutting the entire length.
It is set at the position of 4×P1+l2 (=LA),
When machining the column support h2, l1 + P1 (=LD) with respect to the blade center line C1 of the side machining unit C,
When processing large dovetail h1, l1 + 3 x P1
(=LC), and the mortise holes i1 to i1
When machining, the cutter center line D of the drilling unit D
l1+P1 (=LD) and l1+3 for 1
×P1 (=LC), and when processing joists j1 to j1, l1+P1+P2, l1+
P1+2×P2, l1+P1+4×P2, l1+
They are set at positions P1+5×P2, respectively, and when machining stud notches g1 to g1, l1 (=LE) and l are set relative to the cutter center line E1 of the upper and lower surface machining unit E.
1+2×P1 and l1+4×P1, respectively, and when processing flint carving j2, j2, l1+P1+ is set relative to the tool center line C1.
They are set at positions S and l1+3×P1+T, respectively. Note that the counterbore bolt hole m1 and the flint bolt m2 are made by moving the counterbore drill 28 by Q and R in the X-axis direction with the workpiece W leaning against the column and set at the machining position h2 and flint carving j2, respectively. It can be perforated.

Next, the operation and effects of the embodiment having the above configuration will be explained.

Now, when cutting the horizontal member O, first place the workpiece W on the feed conveyor 70, transfer it to the left until the front end surface of the workpiece W comes into contact with the first stopper 7, After cutting near the front end of the workpiece W and scraping the reference end surface O1 of the horizontal member O, the first stopper 7 is retracted from the transfer path F. On the other hand, while cutting the second stopper 63 at each position to be processed into the workpiece W, the cutting is performed at the shortest position from the reference end face O1 first, and then the cutting is repeated at positions sequentially further away from the reference end face O1. In order to do this, the workpiece W is moved to the left until it comes into contact with the second stopper 63 while waiting in advance at the rightmost position of the movement stroke, and at this position, each vise 67 is activated to clamp the workpiece W. After that, move to a predetermined processing station (in this example, the first processing station S).
In step 1), the first cutting process is performed. Furthermore, the first
When the first cutting process is completed, the workpiece W is unclamped and moved to the left for the next cutting process. In order to define the next cutting position of the workpiece W, the workpiece W is moved to the left and the second It comes into contact with the stopper 63 again, is clamped by the vise 67, and the cutting process on the workpiece W is repeated at a predetermined processing station. Then, when all the cutting operations are completed by repeating the above series of operations, the workpiece W is carried out from the delivery conveyor 71, and the second stopper 63 sets the first cutting operation position for the workpiece to be subsequently machined. Return to the right moving end and wait for the specified conditions.

Therefore, all of the various types of cutting required for the horizontal member O can be performed within one machine, and the installation space for the machine, the number of workers required, the distance to transport the workpiece, etc. can be significantly reduced. Second stopper 63
The movement control eliminates the need for smearing work,
Moreover, it has the effect of improving processing accuracy.

Furthermore, the second stopper 63, each machining unit, etc. can be controlled by a computer to fully automate the cutting process.

In the above cutting process, in this example, the distance between the blade center lines C1 and D1, and the distance between the blade center lines D1,
Since the interval E1 is set to a multiple of 1/2 of the basic column interval 2 x P1, the second stopper 63 is moved from the blade center line C1 to l1 for machining the large dovetail hook h1.
When set to +3 x P1 position, stud gap g1
Since it is sufficient to cut the mortise hole i1 at the position l1 (LE) from the reference end surface O1, and the mortise hole i1 at the position l1+P1 (LD), it is necessary to cut the large dovetail h1 and the stud notch g1 without moving the second stopper 63. , mortise hole i1 can be processed simultaneously by each processing unit C, D, and E. That is, in general, in a horizontal frame material for wooden construction, a mortise hole i is bored at a position of 2×P1 to the left of the large dovetail h, and
A combination of machining positions where the stud notch g is cut at the position is often used, and this combination has the effect of reducing the required number of machining operations for a horizontal member and making the cutting work more efficient.

Also, in Figure 6, 3 x P2 = 2 x P1, that is, P2 = 2/3P1, but generally P1 = P
2 is often the case, and in this case, the positions of the joist carving j1 and the stud notch g1 match, so cutting can be performed at even more positions at the same time, reducing the number of times of machining, the time required for machining, and the number of times the workpiece is transferred. etc., and the processing process can be streamlined and streamlined.

(Effects of the Invention) That is, in the present invention, a stopper for defining the processing position of the workpiece is installed on the workpiece transfer path so that the movement of the workpiece in the direction along the transfer path can be controlled, and both sides of the workpiece are cut and A pair of side machining units equipped with a plurality of pairs of blades are placed opposite to each other on both sides of the transfer path for perforating the workpiece, and a pair of side processing units are placed opposite to each other above and below the transfer path to vertically perforate the workpiece. a drilling unit equipped with a cutting tool;
A top and bottom surface machining unit is provided with a pair of blades placed oppositely above and below the transfer path in order to cut the top and bottom surfaces of the workpiece. line, and the distance between the center line of the cutter of the perforation processing unit and the center line of the cutter of the upper and lower surface processing units are each a multiple of 1/2 of the basic column spacing. As a result, it is possible to provide a composite function for comprehensively performing various cutting processes necessary for horizontal frame members for wooden buildings, and it also has the effect of automating the processing process and saving labor.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the processing machine, Figure 2 is a side view, and Figure 3 is a side view of the processing machine.
The figure is an enlarged front view of the cutter at the first processing station.
Figures 4A to 4E are perspective views showing cutting examples of horizontal members, Figure 5 is an enlarged front view of Figure 4H, and Figure 6
Figures A and B are a plan view and a side view showing an example of a horizontal member. 63...Stopper, C...Side processing unit,
D...Drilling unit, E...Upper and bottom surface processing unit, C1, D1, E1...Cutter center line, F...
Transfer path, W...Work, O...Horizontal member.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A stopper for defining the processing position of the workpiece is installed on the workpiece transfer path so as to be able to control the movement along the transfer path, and a stopper is installed on the transfer path for cutting and drilling both sides of the workpiece. a pair of side machining units each having a plurality of pairs of blades placed opposite to each other on both sides; and a perforation unit having a pair of blades placed oppositely above and below the transfer path for vertically perforating a workpiece. , a top and bottom surface machining unit equipped with a pair of blades placed oppositely above and below the transfer path for cutting the top and bottom surfaces of the workpiece; The distance from the center line, and
A wooden structure characterized in that the blades are arranged along the transfer path so that the distance between the center line of the blades of the perforation processing unit and the center line of the blades of the upper and lower surface processing units is a multiple of 1/2 of the basic column spacing, respectively. Processing machine for horizontal structural materials.