JPH0154219B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a central box that forms a wiring concentration section between a plurality of wire harnesses arranged in the car body, and The present invention relates to a wiring device for an automobile that connects electrical components to each other via a central box.

(Prior art) In recent years, as automobiles have improved their driving performance, safety, and comfort, there has been remarkable progress in electrical equipment, and various electrical components (switches, relays, fuses, etc. The types and number of intermittent control parts, load equipment such as lamps, motors, electronic devices, signal parts such as various sensors, load control units that control load equipment, etc. are increasing dramatically. The increase in the types and number of electrical components has resulted in an extremely large number of electrical wiring attached to the vehicle body, and the wiring routes have become extremely complex, resulting in an increase in the weight of the vehicle and the cost of the wiring equipment. Problems arise in that electrical wiring inspection and repair work becomes complicated.

As one of the countermeasures against such problems related to the electrical wiring of automobiles, for example,
As described in the publication, a plurality of wire harnesses with different wiring routes are interconnected using a busbar wiring part in which a branch conductive path is formed by a busbar, and a printed circuit board with built-in functional parts such as relays is used. A wiring device has been proposed in which a wiring board is connected to a busbar wiring portion, thereby reducing the number of branch portions in a wire harness and reducing the overall size and weight.

However, in the conventional automotive wiring system as described above, the printed wiring board connected to the busbar wiring section and the wire harness are not directly connected, but are supplied to the printed wiring board via the wire harness. In addition, the signal current sent from the printed wiring board to the wire harness also passes through the busbar wiring section, which makes the configuration of the busbar wiring section complicated and the number and type of electrical components as described above. There is a risk that it will not be possible to cope with the increase in

In order to avoid such inconvenience, electrical components installed in various parts of the car body are interconnected through a plurality of wire harnesses and a central box where one end of each of the plurality of wire harnesses is collected. , the central box is made up of a large current circuit section that includes a busbar wiring section and distributes power to electrical components, and a small current circuit section that handles control signals, and both circuit sections are each connected to a plurality of wire harnesses. An example of a vehicle wiring device that includes a connector portion to which a busbar wiring portion is connected is capable of supplying control signals to electrical components without going through a busbar wiring portion. According to such a wiring device for an automobile, the number of branches in the wire harness can be reduced to simplify the electrical wiring formed by the wire harness, and the configuration of the busbar wiring section in the central box can be simplified. .

By the way, in the case of the above-mentioned automotive wiring devices, in order to protect electrical components from overcurrents caused by short-circuit accidents, etc., there is usually a connection between a power source such as a battery and electrical components that form various loads. A fuse is installed in the main box, but if this fuse is blown, the current flowing through the busbar wiring of the high current circuit in the central box will be completely or partially interrupted, and the high current circuit will Power supply will not work properly. As described above, for a busbar wiring section where current is interrupted due to a fuse blowing out, for example, if the current flowing through it is placed in a monitoring state while power is being supplied to a specific electrical component, It is convenient to be able to quickly detect abnormal conditions, and it is desirable to have such a current monitoring function in the central box.

(Object of the Invention) In view of the above, the present invention provides a system in which electrical components attached to various parts of a car body are connected to each other via a plurality of wire harnesses and a central box in which one end of each of the plurality of wire harnesses is collected. The central box is configured to include a large current handling circuit section that includes a busbar wiring section and performs power distribution, and a small current handling circuit section that includes an arithmetic processing section and handles control signals, Each electrical component is controlled by these, and the connections between the large current handling circuit section and the small current handling circuit section and multiple electrical components are made in a state where the overall wiring is effectively simplified. An object of the present invention is to provide a wiring device for an automobile in which the current in a busbar wiring section of a circuit handling large current can be reliably monitored in a central box by a simple means. shall be.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a wiring device for an automobile according to the present invention is arranged in a car body of a car with different wiring routes, and electrical components attached to each part of the car body are connected to each other. a plurality of wire harnesses, and at least one connector section each for power and signals to which one end of each of these wire harnesses is connected, and is installed near an instrument panel arranged on the vehicle body. The central box has a small current handling circuit section and a large current handling circuit section each connected to a plurality of wire harnesses. The large current handling circuit section is formed to include a power connector section and a busbar wiring section that delivers the power to be supplied to a predetermined electrical component to the power connector section. The current handling circuit section includes a signal connector section, an arithmetic processing section that generates a control signal to be supplied to a predetermined electrical component according to an input signal, and a branch connection between the arithmetic processing section and the signal connector section. a branch connection, and
It is formed to include a detection section that is connected to a predetermined busbar of the busbar wiring section and detects a change in current or voltage in the busbar.

With this configuration, the electrical components connected to each of the multiple wire harnesses installed in the car body can be interconnected via the central box, and the calculation A connector installed in the small current handling circuit section and connected to a wire harness to supply control signals and power to each electrical component from the small current handling circuit section including the processing section and the large current handling circuit section including the bus bar wiring section. In addition to effectively simplifying the wiring, busbar wiring in the large current handling circuit can be done through the connector section provided in the high current handling circuit and the connector to which the wire harness is connected. The current in the section can be monitored using a small current handling circuit section.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a wiring device for an automobile according to the present invention, and schematically shows the body of an automobile to which the wiring device is applied, using a dashed-dotted line.

In FIG. 1, an instrument panel 14 is provided at the front of a vehicle compartment 12 in which a driver's seat 10 is located, and a central box 20 is installed near this instrument panel 14.
The central box 20 includes an instrument wire harness 16 disposed along the instrument panel 14, a dash board wire harness 18 disposed on the dash board,
Front wire harness 2 located at the front of the vehicle body
2 and one end of a rear wire harness 23 disposed at the rear of the vehicle body are independently connected.

And instrument wire harness 16
A floor wire harness 24 disposed on the floor of the vehicle compartment 12 is connected to the other end via a coupler 30, and the floor wire harness 24 is connected to the other end via a coupler 30.
, four door wire harnesses 26 disposed on each door are connected via couplers 32, and among these, the door wire harness 26 disposed closest to the central box 20 is connected to the floor wire. In addition to the harness 24, it is also connected to the central box 20. Further, the engine room wire harness 28 disposed in the engine room 17 is connected to the coupling board wire harness 18 and the front wire harness 22 at the coupling plate 34.
and 36.

Each wire harness 1 with different wiring routes described above
6, 18, 22, 23 and wire harnesses 24, 26 and 28 connected thereto, respectively.
Electrical components such as lamps, motors, load devices such as electronic devices, and signal components such as various sensors are connected to various parts of the vehicle body. Only the battery 39 is illustrated, and illustration of other electrical components is omitted.

In this way, the interconnections of various electrical components installed in each part of the vehicle body are connected to each wire harness 1 described above.
6, 18, 22, 23, 24, 26 and 28 and the central box 20. In this case, as shown in FIG. At the ends of the harnesses 16, 18, 22, 23, and 26 on the central box 20 side, signal wires w and power wires W are bundled separately, and each wire is connected to a small current connector C _S. A large current type connector C _L is installed, and the wires in each wire harness are connected to the central box 20 via the connectors C _S and C _L.

Mechanistically, an example of the central box 20 is shown in a perspective view in FIGS. 3 and 4, and a top view, a side view, and a bottom view in FIGS. 5A, B, and C, respectively. It is formed as shown below.

This example has a large current handling circuit section 40 and a small current handling circuit section 70, and the small current handling circuit section 70 is detachably incorporated into the large current handling circuit section 40. The large current handling circuit section 40 has an upper case 41 and a lower case 42, and the upper case 41 has a fuse box in which a large number of fuses 43 are attached, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 A and B. 45, for example, a connector part 47 to which a power window relay 46 is mounted, and a unit mounting frame part 4 to which a small current handling circuit part 70 is mounted.
8. Small current handling circuit section 70 and large current handling circuit section 4
0, a connector part 51 to be connected to each wire harness, and the like are provided in the lower case 42.
As shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, a connector portion 51 is provided to be connected to each wire harness.

Inside the upper case 41 and lower case 42 as described above, as shown in FIG. 5A,
A busbar wiring section 60 is provided in which a large number of busbars 59 are incorporated in a predetermined arrangement, and these busbars 59 interconnect the connector sections 47, 50, and 51 to form a predetermined connection relationship. , a predetermined one of the connector parts 47, 50, and 51 and the fuse box 45 are connected.

On the other hand, the small current handling circuit section 70 attached to the large current handling circuit section 40 has a unit case 72 as shown in FIG. It is constructed by disposing two printed wiring boards 74a and 74b which are connected to each other as shown in FIG. The printed wiring boards 74a and 74b have connector parts 7 connected to each wire harness.
6 is attached so as to face the outside of the unit case 72. In addition, the printed wiring boards 74a and 74b also have a connector section 50 that engages with the connector section 50 of the large current handling circuit section 40 when the small current handling circuit section 70 is attached to the large current handling circuit section 40. Connection terminal section 78, integrated circuit component 8 constituting the main part of the arithmetic processing section to be described later.
0, an alarm buzzer 82, and various other parts not shown in FIG. 4 are attached.

An example of the central box 20, which is mechanically constructed as described above, is configured to form electrical connections as shown in the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. Note that not only the electrical connection configuration shown in FIG. 6 is formed, but other connection configurations are also formed, but are omitted here.

Here, the large current handling circuit section 40 includes connector sections 51a and 51 included in the above-mentioned connector section 51.
b, 51c and 51d are provided, and
The small current handling circuit section 70 includes the above-mentioned connector section 7.
Connector parts 76a, 76b and 76 included in 6
c is provided. The large current handling circuit section 40 and the small current handling circuit section 70 are formed by the connection terminal section 78 of the small current handling circuit section 70 engaging with the connector section 50 of the above-mentioned large current handling circuit section 40. connection points 78a, 78b, 78c and 7
An electrical connection is made between them at 8d.

Various external electrical components are connected to the large current handling circuit section 40 and the small current handling circuit section 70 as follows. That is, the battery 39 is connected to the lamp switch 52 through the connector portion 51a.
The meter illumination lamps 53a and 53b are connected to the connector portion 51d through the connector portion 51d.
1b, 51c and 76a, and the taillights 54a and 54b are connected through the connector portion 51c. Also, a relay 86 for supplying current to the taillight/warning lamp 83, vehicle speed sensor 84, and rear differential gear 85.
are connected through the connector section 76b, a load control unit 87 for controlling a door lock device, etc., is connected through the connector section 76c, and the key illumination lamp 55 is connected through the connector section 51d and the connector section 76c. Further, a power window unit 56 including a window drive motor is connected through a connector portion 51d. These external electrical components are connected to connector parts 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d, 76a, 76
b and 76c, respectively, through each wire harness.

Inside the large current handling circuit section 40, there is a fuse 4.
The above-mentioned fuse 43 and relay 46 including 3a to 43d are arranged, and these and the connector part 51
a to 51d and connection points 78a to 78d are connected to each other by connection paths including the branch connection path formed by the bus bar 59 described above.

Further, inside the small current handling circuit section 70, there is a connection point 78b between the arithmetic processing section 90 constituted by the above-mentioned integrated circuit component 80 and the large current handling circuit section 40.
and a current detecting section 91 connected to bus bars forming connection sections 56a and 56b connected to 78c and 78c, respectively. The arithmetic processing unit 90 includes an input interface unit 90a and a CPU (central processing unit).
90b and an output buffer section 90c, and is configured to be supplied with an operating voltage from a constant voltage circuit 92. The output buffer section 90c includes
The above-mentioned alarm buzzer 82 is connected. Further, the current detection section 91 includes a current detection resistor 91a,
A buffer section 91b and an A/D converter 91 that detect the voltage obtained at the current detection resistor 91a.
c, and the output of the A/D converter 91c is supplied to the CPU 90b of the arithmetic processing section 90. These arithmetic processing units 90
The current detection section 91, the connectors 76a to 76c, and the connection points 78a to 78d are interconnected by connection paths including branch connection paths.

Based on this configuration, the voltage from the battery 39 is applied to the constant voltage circuit 92 provided in the arithmetic processing section 90 via the connector section 51a, the fuse 43a, and the connection point 78a, thereby creating a constant voltage. A constant voltage obtained from the circuit 92 is supplied to the CPU 90b, output buffer section 90c, etc. as an operating voltage. Although not shown, various command signals obtained based on the operation of switches for operating various electrical components are input to the input interface section 90a of the arithmetic processing section 90. An action is taken.

For example, when a command signal for turning on the meter illumination lamps 53a and 53b and the key illumination lamp 55 is input to the input interface section 90a, the output end 92b of the output buffer section 90c of the arithmetic processing section 90 is A level voltage output is obtained, which is applied to one end of each of the meter illumination lamps 53a and 53b through the connector portion 76a, and is applied to one end of each of the meter illumination lamps 53a and 53b through the connector portion 76c.
Applied to one end of 5. Therefore, at this time, from the battery 39 to the connector portion 51a and the fuse 43a,
Similarly, current flows from the battery 39 to the meter illumination lamp 53a via the connector portion 51a, fuse 43a and connector portion 51c, and from the battery 39 to the connector portion 51.
a, current flows through the key illumination lamp 55 via the fuse 43a and the connector portion 51d, respectively;
The meter illumination lamps 53a and 53b and the key illumination lamp 55 are turned on.

When a command signal for operating the power window unit 56 is input to the input interface section 90a, a low level voltage output is obtained at the output terminal 92d of the output buffer section 90c, which causes
It is applied to one end of the drive coil 46a of the relay 46 provided in the large current handling circuit section 40 via the connection point 78d. As a result, a current flows from the battery 39 through the drive coil 46a of the relay 46 via the connector portion 51a and the fuse 43c.
Switch 46b of relay 46 is turned on. Therefore, current flows from the battery 39 through the power window unit 56 through the connector section 51a, the fuse 43b, the switch 46b of the relay 46, and the connector section 51d, and the power window unit 56 is put into operation.

When a command signal for operating the rear defogger 85 is input to the input interface section 90a, a low-level voltage output is obtained at the output end 92c of the output buffer section 90c, and this is transmitted to the relay via the connector section 76b. 86 drive coils 86
is applied to one end of a. As a result, battery 3
A current flows through the drive coil 86a of the relay 86 from the power line +B to which the voltage from 9 or the voltage obtained based on it is supplied,
Switch 86b of relay 86 is turned on. Therefore, a current flows from the power line +B through the switch 86b of the relay 86 to the rear defogger 85, and the rear defogger 85 is activated.

When the lamp switch 52 connected to the large current handling circuit section 40 is turned on, the battery 3
9. Lamp switch 52, connector section 51d, fuse 43d, connection point 78b, current detection resistor 91a of current detection section 91 provided in small current handling circuit section 70, tail light via connection point 78c and connector section 51c. Current flows through both 54a and 54b and the taillights 54a and 54b
is considered to be lit. That is, the large current handling circuit section 4
The current flows through the fuse 43d and the taillights 54a and 54b via the busbars forming the connections 56a and 56b at 0.

At this time, the current detection resistor 9 of the current detection section 91
1a, a voltage corresponding to the current flowing through it is obtained, and this is supplied to the A/D converter 91c via the buffer section 91b.
A digital output corresponding to this voltage is obtained from 1c and supplied to the CPU 90b of the arithmetic processing section 90. As a result, changes in the current flowing through the fuse 43d and the taillights 54a and 54b are detected via the bus bars forming the connection paths 56a and 56b in the large current handling circuit section 40. Therefore, for some reason fuse 43
When the fuse d occurs, the current flowing through the taillights 54a and 54b via the current detection resistor 91a becomes zero, and accordingly, the current detection resistor 91a
The voltage obtained at becomes zero, and the current detection resistor 91
A/D via buffer section 91b connected to
When the voltage supplied to the converter 91c becomes zero, the voltage supplied from the A/D converter 91c to the arithmetic processing unit 90
The digital output supplied to the CPU 90b indicates this. As a result, a low-level voltage output is obtained at the output terminal 92a of the output buffer section 90c of the arithmetic processing section 90, and this is applied to one end of the tail light/warning lamp 83 via the connector section 76b. For this reason, battery 3
A current flows through the tail light/warning lamp 83 from the power line +B to which the voltage from 9 or a voltage obtained based on it is supplied, the tail light/warning lamp 83 lights up, and the fuse 43d blows out. You will be alerted to the condition. In addition, in this case, the tail light 54
Even if wires a and 54b are disconnected, the current flowing through the current detection resistor 91a becomes zero, so a warning is issued by the taillight/warning lamp 83.

In this way, control signals are supplied to various electrical components from the output buffer section 90c of the arithmetic processing section 90 provided in the small current handling circuit section 70, and large current is supplied to the electrical components controlled by the control signals. Power is supplied from the handling circuit section 40,
In addition to controlling the operation of each electrical component, the tail light 54 in the large current handling circuit section 40
The current flowing through the bus bar that supplies current to a and 54b via fuse 43d is monitored.

In the small current handling circuit section 70, the vehicle speed detection signal from the vehicle speed sensor 84 is transmitted to the connector section 7.
6b, which connects to the connector section 76.
The signal is supplied to the load control unit 87 through c, and is also supplied to the input interface section 90a of the arithmetic processing section 90. For example, when the vehicle speed detection signal supplied to the input interface section 90a indicates that the vehicle speed is 100 km/h or more, a signal for activating the alarm buzzer 82 is sent from the output buffer section 90c of the arithmetic processing section 90. The alarm is sent out, and the alarm buzzer 82 issues an alarm.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the automotive wiring device according to the present invention, electrical components attached to various parts of the vehicle body can be connected to a plurality of wire harnesses and each of the plurality of wire harnesses. They are interconnected through a central box where one end is collected, and this central box is connected to a large current handling circuit section that includes a busbar wiring section and handles electric power, and a small current handling circuit section that includes an arithmetic processing section and handles control signals. Power is delivered from the large current handling circuit section to the wire harness through the connector section provided thereon, and control signals are transmitted from the small current handling circuit section to the wire harness through the connector section provided thereon. Since the power and signal wires can be wired separately, the overall wiring can be effectively simplified, and the busbar wiring section of the circuit handling large current can be Since the change in the current flowing through a predetermined busbar is detected by the small current handling circuit section, the current in the predetermined busbar of the busbar wiring section of the large current handling circuit section can be detected by using complicated means within the central box. This means that reliable monitoring can be performed without any problems.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an automotive wiring device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an end portion of an example of a wire harness used in the example shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the central box used in the example shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5A, B, and C are top, side, and bottom views of the central box shown in FIG. 6 are equivalent circuit diagrams showing the electrical connection configuration of an example of the central box used in the example shown in FIG. In the figure, 14 is the instrument panel, 16 is the instrument wire harness, 18 is the dash board wire harness, 20 is the central box, 22 is the front wire harness, 23 is the rear wire harness, and 40 is the high current handling circuit. ,4
3, 43a to 43d are fuses, 50, 51, 5
1a to 51d, 76, 76a to 76c are connector sections, 60 is a bus bar wiring section, 70 is a small current handling circuit section, 90 is an arithmetic processing section, and 91 is a current detection section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A plurality of wire harnesses disposed on the body of an automobile with different wiring routes and to which electrical components attached to each part of the vehicle body are connected, and one end of each of the wire harnesses. a central box installed near an instrument panel arranged on the vehicle body, the central box having at least one connector part for power and one for signals to which the parts are connected; A circuit section that handles a large current, including the power connector section, and a busbar wiring section that delivers the power to be supplied to the predetermined electrical components to the power connector section, and the signal connector section. a calculation processing section that generates a control signal to be supplied to a predetermined one of the electrical components according to an input signal; a branch connection section that connects the calculation processing section and the signal connector section;
and a circuit unit handling a small current including a detection unit connected to a predetermined busbar of the busbar wiring unit and detecting a change in current in the busbar. . 2. The wiring device for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein a fuse is interposed in the bus bar, and the detection section included in the circuit section that handles the small current detects melting of the fuse.