JPH0152131B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a holder structure for assembling a plurality of component elements into a single structure by welding or the like.

BACKGROUND ART When a plurality of component elements are combined with each other and made into a single structure in advance as a temporary assembly by, for example, welding or screw tightening, the temporary assembly has a particularly complex shape and bulk (volume). If the size is large, it is not necessarily easy to carry it in and out during the assembly process and handle it during work. Moreover, especially when an assembly method by welding is adopted, there is a problem in that the equipment becomes complicated, such as requiring equipment and devices to suppress and correct welding distortion.

In order to solve this problem, there is a method of holding joints between component elements using a special tool such as a toggle clamp. In addition, depending on the shape of the joint, in parts where a special tool such as a toggle clamp cannot be used, a pressing clamping means using, for example, an actuating rod of a cylinder device may be used.

The method of welding joints between component elements while held by toggle clamps typically involves first welding one side of the joint, then releasing the clamp, inverting the joint, and then proceeding to welding the other side. In particular, as the size of the structure increases, there is a risk that the clamps must be released from the assembly table once, so welding distortion such as warping may occur in the temporarily assembled structure during the single-sided welding stage. It is a hassle to move on to welding the other side after completing the correction work on the other side. or,
When using pressure clamping means using a cylinder device, equipment costs are high because a large space is required to install the related equipment that makes up the hydraulic and pneumatic circuit, and a sturdy assembly frame that can withstand hydraulic and pneumatic operation is required. There is a problem that causes this.

Summary of the Invention The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the conventional component element assembly method described above, and is an assembly method in which component elements are efficiently assembled as a single structure with a predetermined assembly accuracy. The purpose is to provide a retainer structure.

A pair of formworks consisting of a main frame and a subframe installed within the main frame, each having opposing joint surfaces, and the formworks are coupled to each other so that the opposing joint surfaces are in a joined state. a coupling means, a clamping part supported by the sub-frame and cooperating with each other to clamp the component elements when the formworks are connected to each other, and a clamping surface of any or all of the clamping parts; It is characterized in that a concave clamping mold made of a cured resin material is molded on at least one of the two.

Embodiment Hereinafter, a method for assembling parts and elements according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a workpiece 1 that forms part of the body frame of a motorcycle, for example, includes several component elements 1.
a to 1g are assembled into a single structure. In the case of the embodiment, the pair of upper and lower formworks 20 and 30 have opposing joining surfaces that are substantially symmetrical to each other, and have a space surrounding the outside of the temporarily assembled workpiece 1 to be held inside by joining, Also, a cage-shaped holder C is formed which has a plurality of openings that can be seen from the outside. Each formwork 20, 30 is composed of main frames 21, 31 forming an outer shell, and subframes 22, 32 of a desired shape built inside these main frames 21, 31.

Each of the component elements 1a to 1g is 1 from a single state.
As a lower mold to be placed one by one in the initial temporary assembly position,
In the subframe 22 of one formwork 20,
For example, portions that engage and support the tube part element 1a and the joining flange part element 1g from below are provided such as a semicircular holding part 22a and an uneven groove holding part 22g. Similarly, component elements 1c, 1
The portion where f is engaged and supported is provided with holding portions such as holding portions 22a to 22f on the sub-frame 22, which hold each component element. The other component elements and their corresponding clamping portions are provided with relevant reference numerals.

On the other hand, in the formwork 30 serving as the upper mold, there are also semicircular clamps on the lower mold side at positions corresponding to and in pairs with clamping parts of various shapes provided on the subframe 22 side of the lower mold. part 22a and groove holding part 2
2g, a semicircular holding portion 32a and a groove holding portion 32g are similarly provided.

In addition, the pair of clamping parts in the upper and lower subframes 22 and 32 are both provided in areas that avoid the joints of the component elements clamped by these two with other elements, so that the welding work between the component elements is avoided. Care has been taken to ensure that this does not cause any hindrance.

Next, each of the holding portions in the sub-frames 22 and 33 is machined to be larger than the outer periphery and outer shape of the component element. In these clamping parts, for example, a fluid state of terminal hardening is applied along the clamping surfaces of clamping parts 22a, 22c, etc. shown in FIG. 3, and their paired clamping parts 32a, 32c, etc. The master structure loaded with the resin material 4 and assembled with tolerances for expected welding distortion is held between the upper and lower formworks 20 and 30 and pressed onto the resin material 4 in a partially cured state. , it is molded following the external shape of the master structure and then completely cured.

That is, as an example, FIG. 4 shows the second
5 is a sectional view taken along the line X ₁ - _{X 1} in the figure, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line X ₂ - Part elements 1a and 1d, 1 to 4a, 4a
e is fitted and positioned, and the upper and lower gripping parts 2
This figure shows the shape in which they are held in groups 2a, 32a, 22d, 32d, etc.

Also, FIG. 6 shows a modification of the mode of molding a flange-shaped component element 1f or 1g concave clamping mold 4a, in which a flange 1f is formed on the upper and lower subframes 22, 32 side as in the embodiment shown in FIG. , 1g are not provided, and for example, an auxiliary jig is used to position the flange surface of the component element 1f while avoiding the welded joint circumference W of the component element 1c. The plate 5 is fastened to a flange-shaped component element 1f with screw bolts 6, and the jig plate 5 in this state is held by a set of holding portions 22f and 32f via upper and lower concave holding molds 4a and 4a, serving as a positioning means. . The case shown in FIG. 7 is also a modified form.

In both the embodiments and modifications described above, the concave clamping molds 4a are formed in all of the clamping parts corresponding to the component elements 1a to 1g, but the positioning of each component element 1a to 1g is Depending on the accuracy tolerance, depending on the clamping part, concave clamping type 4
There are some models that do not require the provision of a, and for the same reason, only one of the upper and lower clamping parts is provided with a concave clamping type 4.
In some cases, a is provided.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, positioning pieces 21a and 31 are arranged in pairs at corresponding locations on the opposing joint surfaces of the main frames 21 and 31 of the formworks 20 and 30, respectively.
a is provided so that the formworks 20 and 30 have a predetermined overlap thickness when they are joined to each other. In addition, in order to prevent the formworks 20 and 30 from shifting in the horizontal direction, engaging pins 7 and locking holes (not shown) are provided on one side and the other so that they can be engaged when joining. . Further, in order to firmly maintain the bonding between the formworks 20 and 30, coupling members such as toggle clamps 8 are provided at several key points. The coupling member is not limited to the engagement pin 7 and the toggle clamp 8.

Using the formworks 20 and 30 thus obtained, each of the component elements 1a to 1g is placed, for example, in a predetermined concave holding form 4a in the subframe 22 of the formwork 20, which serves as the lower form, and then in the form of the upper form. When the frame 30 is superimposed on the formwork 20 and the two formworks are connected by the engagement pin 7 and the toggle clamp 8,
Each of the positioned component elements 1a to 1g is held firmly and rigidly by being sandwiched from both sides.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9,
The formworks 40 and 50, which form a composite type holder using separate cage-shaped holders C ₁ and C ₂ , improve assembly workability when the workpiece 10 is complex and large in volume. This is used when dividing into a plurality of parts and making temporary assemblies separately, and then connecting both temporary assemblies to form a single structure.

That is, the workpiece 10 divided into the workpiece 10a and the workpiece 10B is divided into the workpieces 10A and 10B.
Each of B is separately made into a temporary assembly and held by formworks 40 and 50, and when the formworks 40 and 50 are joined together in this state, they are assembled as a single structure. However, while temporarily assembling each of the workpieces 10A and 10B with the formworks 40 and 50 joined and integrated from the beginning, the workpiece 10 after all the connections are completed is removed from the formworks 40 and 50. A method of taking it out is also possible.

Each of the formworks 40 and 50 is a main frame body 4
1, 51 and a lid 4 that is removable from the main body.
2, 52, main body 41, 51 and lid body 42, 52
Subframes 43, 53 mounted on both
It is composed of.

Opposite ends of the main frame bodies 41 and 51 are jointed ends 41a and 51a, and several joint pins 54 are protruded from one of these joint ends 51a, and the other joint end corresponding thereto. 41a
A joining hole 44 is drilled in the formwork 4, and the joining pin 54 and the joining hole 44 that correspond to the tailing resistance are connected to both formworks 4.
It engages when 0.50 is joined.

Further, a joining pin 54 is provided at the joining end portions 41a, 51a.
A pair of buckle-shaped latching hooks 45 and a latching pin 55 that can be locked or released with one touch, for example, are provided so as to maintain the bonded state of both formworks 40, 50 that are engaged with the bonding holes 44.

The lids 42, 52, which can be disassembled from the main frame bodies 41, 51, have been disassembled in this way to facilitate workability during assembly, and the lids 42, 52 can be disassembled from the main frames 41, 51 using the set screws 46. ,56
or combined by other means.

In addition, as in the structure of the workpiece 1 and formworks 20, 30 in FIG. Frame 43, 53
Although they are also provided at positions corresponding to the respective component elements of the works 10A and 10B, their explanation will be omitted. However, in FIG. 10, for example, a toggle clamp 11 that is provided on the subframe 53 and clamps one of the component elements on the workpiece 10B side.
It is shown.

Next, as an example, we will use a cage-shaped holder C' similar to the above-mentioned cage-shaped holder C to hold another work 12 similar to the work 1 and assemble the component elements together by welding. This will be explained with reference to FIG.

Workpiece loading conveyor 6 using a roller conveyor, etc.
0, unloading conveyor 61 and both conveyors 6
A transfer conveyor 62 interposed between 0 and 61 constitutes a conveying means. The feeding direction of the workpiece 12 indicated by the arrow X, that is, the cage-shaped holder
In the feeding direction C', at the front end of the carry-in conveyor 60 is a first stopper 63 that protrudes and retreats to block or release the conveyance path by the operation of the cylinder member 64, and is stopped by the cage-shaped holder C'. is provided. A detector 70A, such as a photo sensor, is installed near the first stopper 63 to detect the presence or absence of the cage-shaped holder C'. That is, the size and number of detection pins 66, such as bolts, on the detection plate 65 attached to the cage-shaped holder C';
Alternatively, the arrangement shape is detected by the detector 70A, and based on this signal, an operation command corresponding to the type of workpiece 12 is sent from a control circuit (not shown).

Next, the transfer conveyor 62 is the loading/unloading conveyor 6.
It is movable up and down to connect to or separate from the conveyance path surface at 0 and 61, and the workpiece 12 is moved from the carry-in conveyor 60 to
Receive the cage-shaped holder C′ that holds the
When C' is gripped by the holder gripping means described below, it moves downward from the upper limit position. Further, a second stopper 68 is installed at the front end of the transfer conveyor 62 so that the cage-shaped holder C' that has been sent abuts against it and stops, and is positioned at that position. This second stopper 6
8 protrudes and retreats to block or release the conveyance path by actuation of the cylinder member 69. Further, a detector 70B such as a photo sensor is provided near the second stopper 68 to detect the presence or absence of the cage-shaped holder C'.
That is, the state in which the cage-shaped holder C' is positioned at a predetermined position is detected by the detector 70B, and this detection signal is controlled by the control device to control the cage-shaped holder C, which will be described below. The chuck (gripping member 71) which is the gripping means of ' is activated.

Next, a large-diameter annular rotary disk 72 is provided parallel to and adjacent to the transfer conveyor 62, and together with the chuck member 71 constitutes a gripping mechanism.
This rotary disk 72 has guide rollers 7 at several locations on the outer circumference.
3, and is rotated in a vertical plane parallel to the workpiece feeding direction X by the operation of a drive motor 74 that constitutes a positioning mechanism. Furthermore, the inner diameter area of the rotary disk 72 is larger than the maximum projected area of the workpiece 12 held by the cage-shaped holder C', and the assembly work can be performed from both sides of the rotary disk 72 over the entire area of the workpiece 12, which is a temporary assembly. Welding work can be done here.

Here, a chuck member 71 is attached to the side surface of the rotary disk 72 for gripping the holder C' by operation using a hydraulic pneumatic cylinder system or an electric system, and the chuck member 71 is gripped via the end arm plate 71a. The structure is such that C' is rotated integrally with the rotary disk 72.

On the other hand, from both sides of the rotary disk 72,
That is, a pair of working heads 75, 75, such as robots, are installed facing each other from both sides of a vertical plane including the rotary disk 72 so that they can approach and separate from each other. However, the working heads 75, 75 are not limited to those for the purpose of welding work, and for example, when the parts are connected mainly by bolts and screws,
Of course, it is also possible to replace it with a robot equipped with a tightening mechanism called a driver bit or the like.

In addition, in the work heads 75, 75, as the rotary disk 72 holding the cage-shaped holder C' starts rotating, the rotating workpiece 12 is rotated within a predetermined period of time according to an operation command from the control circuit. On the other hand, welding work is performed simultaneously from both sides. A detailed explanation of the structure of the working head 75 will be omitted.

Next, a manner of assembling component elements using the cage-shaped holder and device of the above-described embodiment will be explained.

When the power is turned on to the circuit of the control device, the detection pin 66 on the detection plate 65 is detected by the detector 70 to detect the presence or absence of the cage-shaped holder C' positioned by the first stopper 63 on the carry-in conveyor 60.
A detects. A control signal based on this detection signal is sent as an operation command to the cylinder member 64, and the cylinder member 64 is moved backward to release the first stopper 63 from restraining the holder C'. At this time, the loading conveyor 6
0 is operated to send out the holder C'.

Next, a cage-shaped holder is placed on the transfer conveyor 62, which is waiting at the same level as the carry-in and carry-out conveyors 60 and 61.
C' is transferred and is positioned by hitting the second stopper 68. Retainer in this position
The presence or absence of C' is detected by the detector 70B, and in response to this signal, the gripping arm plate 71a is actuated to grip the cage-shaped holder C' and position it at the center of the rotary disk 72.

When the cage-shaped holder C' is gripped by the chuck member 71, the transfer conveyor 62 moves downward to a standby position where it does not interfere with the rotation of the holder C'.

When a detection means such as a limit switch detects that the transfer conveyor 62 has reached the standby position, the work heads 75 are brought close to the workpiece 12 from both sides to a predetermined position by an output signal controlled by this detection signal.

The detection pin 6 of the detection plate 65 as described above is located close to the work heads 75, 75.
6 is detected by the detector 70A, a control signal based on the type of workpiece 12 programmed in advance is sent, and this controlled output signal causes the welding torches 75a, 75a shown in FIG. 12 to move to the workpiece. The robot moves toward the joining point that is the first work target in step 12. Next, welding torch 75
Welding is performed from both sides of the workpiece 12 by means of a and 75a.

In synchronization with the start of welding work by the welding torches 75a, 75a, an actuation signal is sent to the drive motor 74 to rotate the workpiece 12 in the clockwise direction, for example, as shown by arrow A. The rotating disk 72 is selectively rotated and positioned to a predetermined rotational position.

That is, the rotary disk 72 is rotated according to a program based on the welding conditions of the joints between several component elements in the workpiece 12, and the welding torch 75a of one work head 75 welds the joints half a cycle. It is controlled so that it rotates to the angular position where it finishes sharing the amount. Moreover, the welding torch 75a,
Each of the welds 75a can be welded downward to the welding surface of the joint.

In this way, all of the welding connections between component elements in the workpiece 12 are performed while the rotation angle positioning of the rotary disk 72 and the operation of the work head 75 satisfy various welding conditions.

When the assembly of the workpiece 11 by welding is completed, the cage-shaped holder C' stops in its original position, and the pair of working heads 75, 75 retreat from each other and return to their original positions. Next, the transfer conveyor 62 in the lower standby position moves upward to the upper limit position and returns to support and carry the holding holder C from below.

Next, the cage-shaped holder by the chuck mechanism 71
The grip on C′ is released. At this time, the second stopper 68 has already retreated from the conveyance path surface by the operation of the cylinder member 69 and returned to the position where the stopper was released.

In this state, the workpiece 12 assembled as a single structure is carried out by the carry-out conveyor 61 together with the cage-shaped holder C', and then the cage-shaped holder
Work 12 is taken out from C'. That is, since the workpiece 12 is rigidly held by the cage-shaped holder C' and welded all around the joints, there will be no welding such as warping even if it is immediately removed from the cage-shaped holder C'. There is almost no risk of distortion occurring.

Effects of the Invention As detailed above, the component element assembly holder structure according to the present invention comprises a main frame and a sub-frame installed within the main frame, each having opposing joint surfaces. The part includes a formwork and a coupling means for coupling the formwork to each other so that the opposing joint surfaces are in a joined state, and is carried by the subframe and cooperates with each other in the joined state of the formwork to form parts. It has a clamping part for clamping the element, and a concave clamping mold made of a cured resin material is molded on at least one of the clamping surfaces of any or all of the clamping parts.

That is, in the holder structure for assembling component elements according to the present invention, any or all of the plurality of clamping portions that are provided on the subframe and cooperate with each other to clamp the component elements in the state where the formworks are connected to each other. A concave clamping mold made of a cured resin material is molded on at least one of the clamping surfaces.

This concave clamping mold is made by loading a fluid uncured resin material along the clamping surface of the clamping part, and then assembling the master structure with tolerances for expected welding distortion into both molds. It is obtained by holding it between frames and pressing it against the uncured resin, shaping it to follow the external shape of the master structure, and then curing it.

When each of the component elements is arranged in the mold thus obtained and the two molds are connected using a connecting means such as an engaging pin and a toggle clamp, the component elements are firmly and precisely positioned relative to each other. By welding the joints of each component element in this state, welding distortion can be suppressed and a single structure with extremely high finished dimensional accuracy and uniformity can be efficiently manufactured. It is.

In addition, since the part where the structure is held by the mold is made of smooth resin, it has good mold releasability, and there is no need to apply strong force to the structure to remove it from the mold. This prevents distortion of the structure during molding.

Moreover, according to the assembly holder structure according to the present invention, the use of clamping members such as toggle clamps is minimized because the clamping portions are used to clamp the component elements together. Since a sufficiently large space can be secured around the temporary assembly, the range of movement of a working head such as a welding torch can be expanded, which is preferable.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mode in which a workpiece is held as a temporary assembly by a cage-shaped holder, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. The figure is _a vertical cross-sectional view of _the concave clamping type taken along the line X _{1 -}
Longitudinal cross-sectional view of the concave clamping type by lines, Figures 6 and 7
Each figure is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a modified example of the concave clamping type for a part element having a flange, and Figures 8 and 9 show a cage-shaped holder holding separate work pieces as temporary assemblies. FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view and an assembled perspective view of the embodiment, and FIG.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a device for assembling a workpiece held in a cage-shaped holder according to the application, and Figure 12 is an example of a mode in which a welding torch is attached to the work head and the workpiece is welded from both sides. FIG. Explanation of symbols of main parts, 1, 10, 12...Temporary assembled workpiece, 4a...Concave clamping type made of cured resin, 8, 11...Toggle clamp, 20, 3
0, 40, 50...Formwork (frame) forming a cage-shaped holder, 71...Chuck mechanism, 72...Rotary disk, 75...Working head, X...Workpiece feeding direction.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A pair of formworks consisting of a main frame and a subframe constructed within the main frame, each having opposing joint surfaces, and the formworks being joined together such that the opposing joint surfaces are in a joined state. a coupling means for holding the parts together, and a clamping part that is carried by the sub-frame and cooperates with each other to clamp the component elements in the joined state of the formwork, and clamps any or all of the clamping parts. A concave clamping mold made of a hardened resin material is molded on at least one of the surfaces, and after loading the uncured resin material on the clamping surface, the concave clamping mold holds the component elements together against expected welding distortion. Holding for assembly of component elements, characterized in that the pair of formworks are joined to each other and the resin material is cured while a prototype of the welded product assembled with tolerances is brought into contact with the resin material. Ingredients structure.