JPH01501407A - Tubular molds for linear elements or hollow parts with non-circular cross-section, especially as formwork for concrete columns - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A linear element or empty member with a circular cross section, made of concrete as The present invention is a non-circular linear element with a constant cross section or a hollow member (chest shape). A tubular mold for use, in particular as a formwork for concrete columns, the walls of which are at least one mold cylindrical element defining a cross section; and said mold cylindrical element being horizontally and a holding means for supporting the mold.

Non-circular elements or hollow parts, especially prismatic prisms, can be cast or molded. When assembling a formwork for the purpose of A mold is used.

Each of these parts is a side or part of the side of the element to be cast. It has a flat wall that corresponds to the

When casting relatively fluid materials such as concrete, these parts Watertightness always emerges as an issue along the joints between .

In order to prevent material from leaking from these joints, it is necessary to firmly tighten the parts together. In addition, these parts may deform due to the pressure they receive when pouring the material. It is desirable not to do so, but in order to retain the cast wall Therefore, an extremely robust mechanism is required.

For example, casting elements with a circular cross section, such as hollow cylinders or cylinders. By using tubular elements to create the mold walls, the aforementioned problems are largely eliminated. minutes will be resolved. In other words, if a tubular mold is used, all axial joints can be omitted. This is the reason.

Once the poured material has hardened, tubular elements are usually cut when they are removed. Because it is made by hand, it cannot be reused as it is. Therefore, this The seed mold elements need to be disposable and inexpensive.

For example, when casting a cylindrical element made of concrete, the poured fluid Sufficient to withstand the horizontal pressure generated by concrete without deformation. It is known to use cylindrical tubes made of rigid cardboard.

When removing the mold to remove the cast product, use a simple knife to Just cut the cardboard molded tube along the generatrix.

Cardboard cylindrical tubes are both strong and light, making them easy to install on site. be. It can also be made continuous by wrapping a strip of cardboard or paper in a spiral. It is cheap because it can be made easily. Additionally, it can remain supplied for a very long time.

It has the advantage that it can be easily cut to the desired length during use.

On the other hand, in order to cast a prism-shaped object (prismatic), the above-mentioned advantages are That is, you cannot enjoy points.

The flat wall surface made of a cardboard molded tube with this shape makes this part extremely This area can only be supported by thickening at the edges or by a sufficiently rigid structure. However, there is a tendency for excessive deformation.

However, thick cardboard and special support structures generally make the formwork bulky. Moreover, the manufacturing cost becomes extremely high.

It is an object of the invention to 1. The purpose of this invention is to 1. We propose a tubular mold of the type described above, which can enjoy similar advantages to those of cylindrical molds. It is to provide.

To achieve this object, according to the invention, the tubular element of the mold is made of cardboard. the retaining means, coated or uncoated, supporting said tubular element; at least one cardboard circle placed along this tubular element to A tubular mold characterized by being made of a cylindrical tube is provided.

Preferably, the tubular element of the mold is a tube of polygonal cross section made of cardboard. Delicious.

In other embodiments, the tubular elements are folded along parallel longitudinal lines. It is shaped by a cardboard board with two opposing longitudinal edges joined together. will be accomplished.

In yet another embodiment, the tubular element is longitudinally disposed within a cylindrical cardboard tube. It can also be formed from a plurality of cut band-like members.

In a preferred embodiment, said retaining means comprises a retaining tube made of cardboard; consisting of a plurality of fixed tubes arranged axially between the tube and the tubular element of the mold. .

In most cases, the holding tube is cylindrical. Prism with a rectangular cross section In an example of casting a rectangular shaped object (prismatic), a rectangular inner forming tube and a It consists of an exterior holding tube whose surface abuts the corner of the inner molded tube, and a cylindrical tube for fixation. All of these are used when casting hollow parts, preferably made of cardboard. In this case, said retaining means is a cylindrical tube made of cardboard that fills the interior of the tubular element of the mold. It can also be easily configured.

According to the present invention, in a concrete building, a parallelepiped hollow member is cast. A cardboard sheath with a rectangular cross-section and a lid at each end is used to form the formwork. Hollow cylinders consisting of tubes can in particular be completed. In this case, the four outer pipes The sides and the two lids are connected to at least one cardboard cylindrical tube located inside. It is preferable to bring them into contact with each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said cast tubular element has an inner surface with a flat surface. an element, said retaining means comprising a cardboard outer tube surrounding said inner element; a shell interposed between the outer tube and the flat surface of the inner element. .

Said shell is advantageously formed of aerated cardboard or corrugated cardboard. be. Preferably these are bubbles folded along a line parallel to the axis of the mold. made of cardboard or cardboard sheets with . these folded The plate has a portion extending between the outer element and at right angles to the plane of the inner element.

According to another embodiment, the shell is a pre-cut synthetic foam or It can also be formed from synthetic foam injection molded into a mold.

In a preferred embodiment, said inner element has a corner located between said flat surfaces. Aerated cardboard folded at the point, or at least made of corrugated cardboard It is formed by one solid board. Adding to a paddle formed on a flat surface Additionally, a corner of the inner element may abut the outer tube.

In embodiments specifically intended as formwork for casting concrete columns, the front The inside element has a square cut corner cut diagonally to form a chamfered corner. Define a square or rectangular cross section.

For a better understanding of the invention and its advantages, reference will now be made to the attached drawings. Now, some examples will be explained in detail.

Figure 1 shows the first implementation of a formwork for forming a concrete column with a square cross section. A sectional view showing an example.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1, showing a formwork for a column whose cross section is rectangular; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a formwork for a support column that also has a hexagonal cross section.

4 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the formwork shown in FIG. 4. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the deformation of the formwork, which is a chest-shaped mold with an almost square cross section. A sectional view showing a frame.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a chest-shaped formwork having a substantially rectangular cross section.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a hollow body having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 6.

Figure 9 is a front view showing a state in which two cylindrical molded members are connected end to end. figure, FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the tubular form according to the present invention.

Figures 11 to 13 show the construction of a concrete square post. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing other embodiments of the cleat formwork, and each of these embodiments is They have different types of paddles.

FIG. 14 shows a formwork for forming a rectangular support.

A cross-sectional view of yet another type of shell, FIG. 15, is shown in FIG. Similar to the example given above, but with a shell made of synthetic resin blowing agent. It is a sectional view showing a frame.

Tubular formwork (10) (20) shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, respectively (30) is an inner molded tube (11) (21) with a polygonal cross section made of cardboard. (31) is installed inside, and the ball is similarly shaped to hold these molded tubes. It is encapsulated by a cylindrical tube (12) made of paper.

The inner molded tube (11) shown in Figure 1 is square; the molded tube (2) shown in the second figure is square. 1) is a rectangle, and the third illustration (31) is a hexagon. These molded tubes are both held with their corners in contact with the inner circumferential wall of the exterior cylindrical tube (21). ing. Between these corners, the formed tubes (11), (21), and (31) are The surface is substantially flat and has no space between it and the outer cylindrical tube (12). Fixed tubes (x3) and (14) are interposed in the base to prevent the molded tube from wobbling. ing.

The diameter of these fixed tubes is determined by the outer circle as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The inner circumferential wall of the cylindrical tube and the outer circumferential wall of the formed tube are simultaneously contacted, and the tubes are also in contact with each other. Those of similar size are selected.

These are also made of cardboard, but they are made of cardboard so that they do not deform easily. And the soft concrete poured into the inner forming tube keeps the forming tube flat. It must be thick enough to transfer the pressure exerted on the section to the outer cylindrical tube. No.

A molded tube (21) with a rectangular cross section as shown in Figure 2, with relatively small dimensions on the short side. If this is the case, this part is solid, so there is no need to insert a fixed pipe. stomach.

The cardboard fixed tubes (13) and (14) are made of other materials such as polyvinyl chloride ( may be replaced with a rigid vibrator made of synthetic material such as pvc). It is not a shaped object, but a flat member, a long thin wooden board, or a sand-enclosed or composite material. It is also possible to employ other forms of fixing elements, such as those filled with foaming agents. be.

However, the fixed charges, in any case, of cardboard to constitute the walls of the formwork Using a molded tube has several advantages, including watertightness, cost, and ease of removing the molded product from the mold. Considering this, it is very advantageous. Of course, these formwork walls are cylindrical formwork It can be applied to watertight coatings such as those used on pipes. Similarly, using paraffin, It is also possible to make the formed tube watertight.

By applying this kind of treatment to the molded tube, the exterior cylindrical tube (12) can be used by all people. It now shows great rigidity in the direction, and its weight does not change. It has the excellent characteristics of being lightweight and relatively inexpensive.

In addition, after the concrete has hardened, the exterior cylindrical pipe (12) can be directly peeled off and replaced. The fixed tubes (13) and (14) can be recovered from the viewpoint of cycling and use. Therefore, it is advantageous.

On the other hand, the inner molded pipe remained stuck to the concrete for a long time and dried rapidly. Prevents drying and prevents cracking.

In the embodiment of the formwork (40) shown in Figure 4, an inner square structure made of cardboard is used. A shaped tube (41) is supported by a square outer tube (42), also made of cardboard. There is.

As clearly shown in the drawing, there are A vibrator-like fixed tube (43) is inserted into the existing space, and the inner structure is The corner of the shaped tube (41) is in contact with the flat inner wall of the outer tube (42). Exterior pipe ( The corners of 42) are rounded to the same radius as each fixed tube (43), and Even if the fixed pipe (43) is pushed away due to expansion due to the pressure of poured concrete, Preferably, the outer tube (42) is not deformed.

The formwork (40) has an inner forming tube (41) for casting 5 pillars, for example, with a square cross section. It is used for building. but.

It is also possible to use this to build the formwork for chestnuts and preservations. . In that case, a formwork (40) made entirely of cardboard can demonstrate its true value in various ways. However, in order to be economical, it is preferable to appropriately cover the outer tube (42).

The formwork (50) shown in the fifth drawing has the same cross-sectional shape as the formwork (40) shown in the fourth drawing. However, in this embodiment, a steel plate is used instead of the above-mentioned outer pipe (42). A reinforcing band (52) is wrapped around the four fixed tubes (43).

As a result, the fixed tubes (43) are each lightly attached to the inner molded tubes (41). It is pressed against the concrete and the expansion due to pressure of the poured concrete is restrained. this The formwork of the example has the advantage that it is extremely easy to assemble at a construction site, etc. There is.

Figures 6 and 7 show an outer tube (61) made of cardboard to serve as a mold element. ) (71) shows a mold for casting a prismatic chest shape.

The walls of these elements are attached to the fixed tube (73) together with the inner holding tubes (62) (72). I am also supported by this. In the case of the embodiment of FIG.

The fixed pipe (63) may or may not be interposed in the square of the outer pipe (61). Good too.

This, of course, takes into account the desired number of abutment points along the mold element surface. Since there are various possible shapes and distributed arrangements for the fixed tubes and holding tubes, It is believed that many similar embodiments could be devised that exhibit flat or curved surfaces.

Figure 8 is intended for open or closed hollow formwork in concrete construction. In order to construct the hollow body (80) as Indicates usage pattern.

An exterior tube (61) surrounding an inner holding tube (62), which is a vibrator element, has an outer edge. Its ends are closed by a lid (81) made of cardboard with (82). ing. Of course, these lids (81) cover both ends of the outer tube (61). Not only that, but also the ends of the holding tube (62) and fixed tube (63) are in contact with each other. There is.

Therefore, the lid (81) fits accurately and seals both ends of the outer tube (61).

Hollow bodies with a square or rectangular cross section produced in this way are inexpensive. When casting thick concrete slabs with hollows or hollows, the conventional cylindrical medium The use of empty tubes is avoided. As a matter of fact, the prismatic hollow body (hollow angle Columns) can be cast without using much concrete, making them economical and making hollow parts It can be used for easy processing, and can also be used when inserting reinforcing bars into hollow parts. is useful.

Generally, molded tubes made of cardboard with a polygonal cross section, such as a square, are , it is impossible to manufacture it continuously like a round tube, and at most 1m or 2m. It is made by cutting each length. Therefore, concrete columns several meters long were cast. In order to construct a building, these formworks must be joined together.

FIG. 9 shows the connection state in such a case. When connecting, make sure the cross section is correct. Join both ends of two rectangular molded tubes (11) (Fig. 1) in a wet state and make a 1 m long tube. Wrap the wet paper tape around the joint several times to secure the sleeve (8 3) Form.

When the paper tape dries, the sleeve will shrink and the phenomenon of tightening will occur in this area. , the two molded tubes (11) are firmly and airtightly joined to each other. .

Fig. 1θ shows a material that is economical to be manufactured continuously and has an appropriate length. It uses a cylindrical molded cardboard tube that can be supplied to An example of a chestnut and non-chestnut formwork is shown.

In this example, a holding tube ( 92), a cardboard cylindrical tube larger in diameter than this outer tube is inserted in the axial direction. A vibe-shaped mold element is created by four segments (91) cut and arranged. It is formed. These segments (91) are circles made of cardboard as well. It can be installed simply by abutting its edge against the inside of the exterior holding tube (22), which is a cylindrical tube. It is left behind.

When pouring a material such as concrete, the pressure is applied to these segments. (91) is curved inward as shown in the drawing, but the cardboard itself has no elasticity. In an attempt to recover, force is concentrated at the edges of adjacent segments, which causes , the airtightness of the joint is further increased. Of course, the thickness of the segment (91) and the holding tube ( 42) thickness after the segment is deformed, as shown. Appropriate ones are selected so as to form a plate-like shape.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 described above, the dimensions of the support columns cast using the formwork are Depending on the This is troublesome because a fixed tube must be prepared. This kind of inconvenience In order to eliminate this problem, molds such as those shown in FIGS. 11 to 15 were devised.

Referring to Figures 11 to 13, the inner tubular element made of cardboard Element (101) is for casting concrete columns with a square cross section with cut corners. It constitutes the wall surface of the formwork.

In this embodiment, the inner surface of said element (101) is watertightly coated. In addition, for example, coating processing called "hot melt" and polyethylene Alternatively, other coating layers may be applied to provide non-stick properties to the concrete. is preferable.

These elements (101) are designed so that they do not deform due to the pressure of poured concrete. Similarly, it is held by a cylindrical outer tube (102) made of cardboard. Therefore In addition, the space between the flat part of the element (], 01) and the outer tube (102) is The pace is mediated by a paddle (103) (104) or (105) 9, these shells (103) to (1) are shown in order to avoid clutter. 05), only one set is shown each time.

The inner element (101) is made of cardboard or cardboard with air bubbles in it.

At the six locations shown in (106), bend in the axial direction to create the desired hexagonal shape. Join the edges at point (107) using common adhesive tape. is preferable (Figure 11).

The four corners of the element (101) are in direct contact with the outer pipe (1,02). However, if the diameter of the outer tube is too large, there may be gaps between the four corners. If so, appropriate intervention is required.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the board (103) is made of two-layer cardboard. Each strip is cut into long strips.

The middle part is folded and packed into the space. In other words, a strip of cardboard is , after being folded in two, placed perpendicularly to the flat surface (108) of the element, as shown in the figure. This results in a double paddle that comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube (102). It is.

The embodiment shown in Figure 12 has two paddles (108) in contact with each flat surface (108). 04) is placed.

Each of these is made by bending a cardboard board to show the shape of an isosceles triangle. There is. As clearly shown in Figure 12, a paddle of this shape has its center The portion (109) is connected to the outer tube (102) of the flat part (108) of the element (101). It is maintained in a nearly vertical position between the As a result, the four corners of the element (101) and the brackets are tightened.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 13, the paddle (105) is a ball containing air bubbles. These are stacked sheets of paper, which are flattened on the inner element (101) as shown in Figure 1. (iog).

In this way, the plateau (iog) is supported over its large area, Combined with the rigidity of the paddle (105) itself, it remains perfectly flat.

In addition, in order to perfectly match the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube (102), the thickness is gradually increased. It is also possible to form a single board by overlapping different pieces of cardboard. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, in addition to the four corners, each flat surface (108) has four support lines. It will be done.

Figure 14 shows the actual formwork for casting a column with a rectangular cross section, also with cut corners. An example is shown.

The inner element (111), which is a molded tube with a shape corresponding to this, is the above-mentioned element (1 It was made of cardboard in exactly the same way as 01), and the four corners with 45@ corners are this. The outer tube ( 102).

The flat part (113) corresponding to the short side in the cross section of this element is shown in the front with reference to FIG. It is supported on the outer tube (102) by the aforementioned paddle (103). but, The flat part (114) of the element (111) corresponding to the long side in the cross section is made of a wooden block, for example. It is kept flat by a rigid panel (115) such as a ricket. this The panel itself is also a cardboard shell like the shell (103) mentioned above. or other types of paddles, e.g. wooden elongated members or perforated members. It is supported by the outer tube (102) with something interposed therebetween.

In such a configuration, the panel (115) must be cut to precise dimensions. There is no need to drill holes.

There is no need to adjust to other components, and the concrete Since there is no need to damage the cast column, it is easy to remove the cast column from the formwork. It is recyclable and can be used repeatedly even in formwork of different dimensions. There is.

In this way, the formwork shown in Figure 14 has the same rigidity as the conventional wooden formwork. However, it is easy to assemble and disassemble, resulting in excellent economic efficiency. It can be said that.

FIG. 15 shows an inner tubular element (111) and an outer tubular element identical to the formwork shown in FIG. An example of a device having a tube (102) is shown.

In this embodiment, a shell is provided between the element (111) and the outer tube (102). The existing space is filled with injection molded, e.g. polystyrene, polyurethane or are made of other synthetic foams (116) (117).

Between such spaces, instead of injection molded foam, pre-shredded Synthetic foams such as shells (103) to (105) in the above-mentioned examples are used. It is also possible to use it by arranging it. In this example, the formed tube with rounded corners is The molded tube (11) (21) described at the beginning is ) or (31).

In the formwork of the example described above, typical forms of the frame have been listed, but these generally can be collected and reused. To do so, please refer to Figure 11. For example, the outer tube may be divided into two in the axial direction along the line A-A.

I took these out the day after pouring the concrete, and after that too.

The inner element (101) or (io:z) is attached to the concrete as is. Protect the rest from rapid drying as mentioned above.

Created by folding a cardboard board like the above elements (101) and (111) The inner tubular element is also a fixed tube made of cardboard, as shown in Figures 1 to 4. It is also possible to support it against the armored pipe.

The invention is not limited only to the embodiments described above, but also includes materials as well as shapes. Many other combinations are possible.

The term ``cardboard'' refers to a material whose base material is a dense material made of paper. or composite materials.

Cardboard tubular elements can be made of e.g. wooden or metal frames, panels or steel Bottle, preferably in combination with retaining elements made of other materials, such as bracing. The tubular elements of roll paper are unique due to the properties of the material itself that allow it to be easily cut and perforated. can be easily combined with these elements.

Other 1 The formwork according to the present invention can be used not only for concrete casting but also for plaster casting. sea urchin, any material that solidifies into a single article, or jelly or ice cream It can also be used to make molds of foods such as gum.

international search report international search report FFI ε70C4 Otsu5

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. For linear elements of constant cross-section and non-circular or hollow shapes, especially for concrete. A tubular casting as a formwork for a support column, the wall of which is a small piece defining the cross section. at least one mold tubular element and holding means for horizontally supporting said mold tubular element (11) (61) (91) (101) ( 111) made of cardboard, coated or uncoated, with front said retaining means are arranged along said tubular element to support said tubular element. At least one cardboard cylindrical tube (12) (13) (14) (62) (63 ) (92) (102). 2. The tubular elements of the mold are cut in a plurality of longitudinal bands in a cylindrical tube made of cardboard. The tubular mold according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed of a shaped member (91). 3. The tubular elements of the mold are cut in a plurality of longitudinal bands in a cylindrical tube made of cardboard. The tubular mold according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed of a shaped member (91). 4. The holding means includes holding tubes (12), (42), and (62) made of cardboard, and this axially arranged between the holding tube and the tubular elements (11) (41) (61) of the mold; It is composed of a plurality of cylindrical fixed tubes (13), (14), (43), and (63). The tubular mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: 5. Claim 4, characterized in that the holding tube (12) (62) is cylindrical. Tubular mold. 6. For casting prismatic elements (prisms) with a rectangular cross section rectangular inner molded tubes (11), (21), and (41), the inner surface of which is Exterior holding tubes (12) (42) that come into contact with the corners of the side forming tubes, and cylindrical tubes for fixing (1 3), (14), and (43), all of which are made of cardboard. The tubular mold according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: 7. It is used for casting hollow shapes in concrete buildings, and is a parallelepiped To constitute the formwork of the body, a board of rectangular cross-section with a lid (81) at each end is used. The tubular mold according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an outer tube (61) made of paper. 8. The four sides of the outer tube and the two lids are covered with at least one piece of cardboard placed inside. Claim 7, characterized in that it is in contact with the made cylindrical tube (62) (63). tubular mold. 9. The tubular elements of the mold are inner elements (101) (111) with parallel surfaces. The retaining means comprises a cardboard jacket tube (102) surrounding this inner element and a front interposed between the outer tube and the flat surfaces (108) (113) (114) of the inner element. It is composed of (103) to (105) and (115) to (117). The tubular mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: 10. The shells (103) to (105) are made of cardboard with air bubbles or corrugated cardboard. 10. The tubular mold according to claim 9, wherein the tubular mold is made of a mold. 11. The shells (103) to (105) are bent along a line parallel to the axis of the mold. Characterized by being made of cardboard or corrugated board with air bubbles The tubular mold according to claim 10. 12. Each folded plate is connected perpendicular to the plane of the inner element between the outer element and characterized in that it has at least one extending portion (103) (109) The tubular mold according to claim 11. 13. The shells (116) (117) are made of pre-shredded synthetic foam, or Claim 9, characterized in that it is made of synthetic foam injection molded into a mold. Tubular mold as described. 14. The inner elements (101) (111) are located at corner locations (1) located between the flat surfaces. 06) At least one sheet of aerated cardboard or corrugated cardboard that can be folded with Any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is formed of a solid plate made of The tubular mold described in any of the above. 15. A feature that the corners of the inner elements (101) (111) are in contact with the outer pipe. The tubular mold according to claim 14. 16. Because the inner elements (101) (111) form a chamfered part with shaved corners It is characterized by defining a square or rectangular cross section with the corners cut diagonally. The tubular mold according to claim 14 or 15.