JPH01500232A - Method and device for controlling the amount of magnetic flux applied to a ferrimagnetic load - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] 7. Method and device for controlling the amount of magnetic flux given to magnetic load Background of the invention 1. Field of invention The present invention allows magnetic flux to flow through a ferrimagnetic load to influence the magnetic flux imparted to the load. Regarding devices that change current, especially amplifiers that accurately measure the magnetic flux applied to the phase shifter. The present invention relates to a method performed by an apparatus for driving phase shifters of a tenor array.

2. Related technology ii! Akira Phase shifters have been used as a main component in electrically controlled array antennas. . An array antenna is equipped with many individual radiating elements. The phase of each element Through precise control, the direction of the beam originating from the antenna can be electrically manipulated. It will be done. Directional steering of the same antenna by using a so-called reciprocating phase shifter It can also be used as a possible receiving antenna.

The ferrite phase shifter used in play antennas uses ferrite in the waveguide. It is formed by arranging materials. Ferrite phase shifters vary depending on their form. It can be either reciprocating or non-reciprocating equipment. In reciprocating phase shifter , changing the magnetic permeability of ferrite by changing the externally applied DC magnetic field. A phase shift is performed by. Non-reciprocating ferrite phase shifters are ferrimagnetic elements The microwave phase is shifted by the amount of residual magnetism. form an inductive load A coil of wire is usually used to vary the strength of the magnetic field in a Resi-Norro phase shifter. Ru. The strength of the magnetic field in a non-singular phase shifter is determined by the voltage across the toroidal winding versus the voltage applied to the toroidal winding. It is a function of the time when the

Traditionally, the strength of the magnetic field is controlled by controlling the time that voltage is applied to the coil. It had been. For this implementation, the switching speed of the control elements must be very high. It has to be fast and the voltage supplied has to be controlled very accurately.

U.S. Patents issued on March 30, 1976 and September 4, 1984, respectively. No. 3,947,776 and No. 4,469,961 describe a very fast Examples of prior art driving inductive loads such as phase shifters characterized by switching times It is. In particular, the devices in these prior patents can be improved by reducing the driving voltage. The present invention relates to a Regisolo type phase shifter that sets and maintains a current. These earlier systems The system may be affected by changes in startup time, voltage drop in the power supply, and temperature changes during switching. Depending on the variables affecting the It wasn't.

The present invention is intended to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.

Summary of the invention According to the present invention, by accurately measuring the amount of magnetic flux applied to the load, Driving ferrimagnetic loads such as non-reciprocating 7-elite phase shifters in Tenaplay A method performed by an apparatus is provided. The voltage supplied across the windings is differential sensed by an amplifier, and also measured in terms of time by an integrating amplifier and an integrating capacitor. It is integrated. The voltage integrated over a certain time is proportional to the magnetic flux applied to the load, and the memory is continuously compared with a preprogrammed value stored in the . about time When the integrated voltage reaches the preprogrammed value, the preprogrammed windings such that the load maintains a measured amount of magnetic flux proportional to the measured value. Voltage is removed from the The load is applied by passing a Km flow in one direction through the winding until it is saturated. will be reset first. A current sensing circuit determines when the load is saturated and When the point is reached, the voltage is removed from the winding. The load causes current to flow in the opposite direction through the windings. Set by K.

The current is set so that the winding is driven by a pair of bridge drivers containing MOSFETs. be swept away. Differential amplifiers and integrating amplifiers are designed to handle changes in voltage rise time, It works by taking pressure drops and temperature changes into account.

Brief description of the drawing In the attached drawings, Figures 1 and 2 illustrate driving a seven-element magnetic load forming a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. Figure 3 is the same as Figures 1 and 2 when viewed normally. FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the present invention generally describes an inductive load. , especially when driving a ferrimagnetic load such as the coil 10 of a non-reciprocating ferrite phase shifter. The present invention relates to a method performed by a moving apparatus. The phase shifter is a radar or communication system. Used in antenna stems, especially antenna arrays with a plurality of individual radiating elements.

The phase shifter applied to each radiating element depends on the Gaussian magnitude of the phase shifter's magnetic field. Ferai The strength of the magnetic field in the coil 10 is a function of the voltage supplied to the coil 10 and the time that this voltage is supplied. It is a function.

Coil 10 is coupled between a pair of lines 11.13 and transistors Q5. Q6# It is "driven" by a pair of bridge drivers consisting of Q15 and Q16.

These drivers have a coil 10 coupled between the two sets of drivers, and all That is, one side of coil 10 is connected by line 13 to driver Q5. Coil 10 to Q6 The other side of is coupled by line 11 to transistors Q15 and Q16. For this reason, we will say that they are "1 bridge".Each of these drivers is current is alternately passed through the coil 10 in opposite directions. The pace of transistor Q5 is controlled It is coupled to line 104 and controls the pace electrode of transistor Q6. transis Ta Q6. The collector emitter path of Q16 is coupled between the positive pole of the power supply and the coil 10. ing. The pace of transistor Q15 is coupled to control line 106, and the transistor controls the base electrode of transistor Q16.

Transistors Q15 and Q16 are commonly connected within dashed line 98 with switch transistor Q3. Works with the Paker clamp driver shown in . Paker clamp driver 9 Generally speaking, 8 is a pair of transistors that control the dart of transistor Q3. Q1 and Q2, controlled by a negative enable signal received on line 108. be done.

Similarly, transistors Q5 and Q6 are within dashed line 66 with switch transistor QI3. It operates in conjunction with the generally shown Baker clamp driver. Payka -The clamp driver 66 has a resistor 76.77.78°80.82 and a capacitor 74. , and a pair of transistors Qll, Q12 together with a diode 70°72. It is being Paker crank driver 66 is essentially the same as driver 98 in all respects. etc., controlled by a positive enable signal received on line 110. Ru. The driver 66 is connected to f-) of the transistor QJJ and controls it. There is. Transistors Q3 and Q13 are especially MOSFs with very fast switching times. It is an ET (MOS field effect transistor). Each of transistors Q3 and Q13 The respective source-drain paths are connected to each other and the magnitude of the current flowing through the coil 10 is It is connected to a current sensing circuit 68 for sensing. The current sensing circuit 68 is an operational amplifier 8 6, a Zener diode 88 and resistors 92 and 96. diode 88 The current path of is completed with resistor 90. The form of the operational amplifier 86 is such that the coil IQ is Compare the voltage at its non-inverting input, which is proportional to the current flowing, with the reference voltage at its inverting input. It is a comparator that The output of comparator 86 passes through OR dart 84 to a pair of 7-rip Sent to reset input of Frog 58.60. flip frog 58.60 Set input is inserted communication system to control the antenna in transmit and receive mode (not shown). The Q output of 7 Rip 70 Tsuzo 58 is positive. sent as an enable signal to Baker clamp driver 66 through line 110. and also passes through resistor 61 and transistor Q14 as an enable signal to line 10. 6 above.

Sent to the base of transistor Q150. Similarly, pay through 7sui:/108 is sent to Kirk clamp driver 98 and also resistor 63, transistor Q4 and line 1. 04 to the base of transistor Q5.

The means generally shown in Figure 11i16 include the electrical current supplied across the coil 10. It is provided to sense the magnitude of pressure. Voltage sensing means 16 is connected to line j5 It is coupled to the coil 10 by twisting it. The voltage sensing means 16 includes an operational amplifier 48 and a resistor 5. It is equipped with 0,52,54.56. The output of voltage sensor 16 is the sensed voltage. The signal is sent to an integrator 14 which has the function of integrating over time. Integrator 14 is operational amplifier 4 4, for feedback between the resistor 46 and the output of the operational amplifier 44 and its inverting input. It is provided with a connector 42 connected to the connector. Integrator 14 passes through amplifier 38. A switch such as FET 40 that receives the enable signal from the inserted communication system. controlled by the switch.

The time-integrated voltage value output by the integrator 14 is output from each of the pair of comparators 28 and 30. sent to the inverting and non-inverting inputs. Operational amplifier 22 and resistors 24 and 26 are connected to comparator 28. Inverts the voltage supplied to the non-inverting input. Operational amplifier 22 and resistors 24 and 26 Together, the comparators 28 and 30 form a 1-window comparator, which is an integral The coil 10 transmits or receives the time-integrated voltage value given by the Performs the action set in the mode. This reference value is stored in memory (not shown). determined by a multi-bit digital data word received from a suitable source such as It will be done. In this example the data word is the booter stroller signal from the insertion communication system. is loaded into register 18 from a source (memory) when It consists of 8 bits. D, /A: 1 parameter 2Q is digital data into an analog signal, and this signal is applied to the respective non-inverting inputs and and to the invert input. The output of comparator 28.30 is passed through OR gate 36 to AN D? ' - is sent to one input of port 34.

A second input to AND dart 34 is a reset received from the insertion communication system. It is formed by the enable signal and is inverted by the inverter 32. ANI The output of I'-) 34 is passed through the other input of OR gate 84 to FlipFlora! 58 ．． 60 reset input.

Having described the elements of the circuit in general terms, we will now provide more details with reference to the operation of the circuit. Explain in detail. For this description, the phase shifter of which coil 10 forms part The receiver is of the non-regisory type, in which the incoming, i.e. received signal is The phase shift applied to the outgoing signal is different from the phase shift imparted to the transmitted signal. That would be expected. Therefore, the ferrite can be used to transmit and receive the appropriate amount of magnetic flux. It is necessary to set the register 1BVc very quickly between cycles. The loaded data words may be preprogrammed and may be non-linear, for example.

This data word is the integrated voltage of coil 10 during the transmit and receive cycles. corresponds to a value. This value is the same for both transmit and receive cycles, but with opposite polarity. It is a pair. In other words, the value represented by this data word is Therefore, it is proportional to the strength of the magnetic flux applied to the ferrite.

Initially K, a measured amount of magnetic flux is applied to coils 10 to 7 elites; 0 is reset by being driven into saturation. Coil 10 is saturated The initial value of the magnetic flux is reduced by maintained within the ferrite. The reset cycle will be explained in more detail later.

Assuming the ferrite has been reset, prepare the ferrite for the transmit cycle. It is desirable to have them sect.

Digital data is transmitted from the central bus of the insertion communication system and loaded into register 18. will be touched. As mentioned above, the data word stored in register 18 is The amount of phase shift set in the ferrite to accommodate the voltage integrated at 0 is proportional to. The D/A converter 20 converts digital data into an analog DC voltage signal. This signal is sent to the window comparator 120 input. Operational amplifier 22 provides its complement to a comparator 28.30 forming an absolute value peak detector. This point The integration enable signal from the insertion communication system causes the output of integrator 14 to become zero. The FET switch 40 is controlled to discharge the capacitor 42 until the capacitor 42 is discharged. pretend A positive start command signal received at the set input of the Outputs common to base buffer transistor Q14 and Paker clamp driver 66 to drive. From transistor Q14 through line 106 to transistor Q15. The enable signal transmitted to turns on transistor Q15. transis When Q15 is turned on, its emitter 7 oror forms the positive half of the bridge. A /4 word transistor Q16 is driven. Paker clamp driver 66 forms part of the other side of the bridge Sewer MO8FET (MOS type field effect A voltage sufficient to drive transistor Q13 is applied to the base of transistor Q12. given to. In this way, coil 10 is connected between power supply terminals V and -7 to complete the circuit. The circuit is connected from +V to transistor Q16, coil 10. h phantom 5FET Q It reaches a part through Js and transistor Q12. The voltages indicated by +V and -V The voltage is selected according to the switching time required to supply that voltage. +vec is the appropriate voltage for the logic device being used.

From the voltage sensor 16, the absolute value of the voltage on lines 1 and 13 with respect to ground A voltage that is the sum of This absolute voltage begins charging capacitor 42. The signal is sent to an integrator 14. The integrator 14 outputs the voltage-time product to the window comparator 12. , that is, the output signal of the voltage applied to the coil 10 as a function of time is given. Ru. The comparator 12 converts the voltage-time product given by the integrator 14 into a D/A converter. compared with the DC signal provided by the controller 20. Voltage time product is D/A converter When the value of the DC voltage signal given by 20 is exceeded, the signal passes through comparator 28.3. 0 and is sent through OR gate 36 to one input of ANDr-gate 34. . At this time, the second input of AND dart 34 consisting of the reset enable signal is set to a high level. 1), and as a result, a high level signal is output from the AND gate 34, and this A The ND gate 34 passes through the OR dart 84 connected by the ``1 termination'' line. It functions to reset the lip 70 cup 58. This allows flip-flop The bridge is turned off because the enable signal output from the bridge 58 is removed. It will be done. During this turn off, the positive side of the bridge is slowly turned off, but the The output of car clamp driver 66 drops quickly. Emitter of transistor Q12 The follower removes the charge accumulated in MOSFET IJ and 13 is immediately turned off to send precisely measured magnetic flux to the ferrite core of the phase shifter. Let it remain.

Variables such as rise time, supply voltage variations and temperature changes are integrated with the voltage sensor 16. device 14.

In the present invention, the voltage across the coil 10 is maintained over a period of time as in the prior art. does not need to be constant; an integral over a certain period of time is used. Therefore the coil The amount of magnetic flux applied to the ferrimagnetic magnet by is independent of the above variables.

Back electromotive force generated by coil 10! The current is caused by diodes 100 and 102. is eliminated in the buffer capacitor C5nub. The charge accumulated in C5nub is shunt regulator Vsnub.

During reset mode, a high level reset enable signal is output by inverter 32. is inverted to a low level signal, so the output of AND Dart 34 is disabled. It will be done. When AND dart 34 is disabled, so is window comparator 12. 7 rig flops 58 and 60 are disabled in the AND gate 34. cannot be reset by the output of In reset mode, the flap A start signal is sent to the set input of one of the lip frogs 58,60.

For example, if the start signal is sent to the set input of the 7-lip flop f5B, The positive side of the ridge is input, and current flows in one direction of the coil 10. coil 10 The flowing current is caused by the voltage across the resistor 96 (Raenme) being inverted by the comparator 86. increases until it exceeds the reset reference voltage at the input. Exceeding this reset reference voltage Then, the output of the comparator 86 is passed through the OR gate 84 to the output of the flip-flop 58. The set input is signaled and the reset reference voltage at the inverting input of comparator 86 is , the current flowing through the coil 10 during the reset cycle saturates the ferrite. The voltage will be sufficient. This voltage is applied to resistors 92 and 94, which is also a voltage divider. Therefore, it can be determined. The current sensor 68 functions as a protection circuit and the window comparator 1 The magnitude of the current flowing through the coil 10 even during the sector cycle when 2 is enabled. We must pay attention to limiting the

In order to set the ferrite to the receiving mode, it is time to set flip-flop 5. The start signal is sent to the set input of flip 70 knob 60 instead of 8.

In response to a negative start signal, Paker clamp driver 9 is activated through line 108. 8 and an output signal to the base of transistor Q5 through buffer transistor Q4. will be sent. Transistor Q5 drives transistor Q6, and the transistor Star Q2. Current flows to +V through Q3, coil IQ and transistor Q6 Do it like this.

Based on the above explanation, a person skilled in the art would not be able to deviate from the technical scope of the present invention. However, various modifications of the preferred embodiments selected to illustrate the invention are included. It is recognized that it is possible to add Therefore, the claims within the technical scope of the present invention It is understood that protection should be afforded to the abstracts and all equivalents thereof.

international search report 1IIIOIEx　τO’rH=　INTERNATrONAL　5EARCH RX? ORT　0NINTERNATZONAL　Aj’PLICATION　 No, P (T/IJS 87101591 (SA 17954) tJS-A -362642507/12/71 NoneUS-A-35106750S1 05/70 NonaUS-A-352107921107770None

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A device for controlling the amount of magnetic energy given to ferrimagnetic materials. to generate magnetic energy and apply this magnetic energy to the ferrimagnetic material. In a device in which a power source supplies power to a load device and this load device controls the power source. , senses the voltage across the load device and generates an output voltage signal proportional to this sensed voltage. sensing means for generating a signal; in response to said sensing means, integrating said output voltage signal as a function of time with respect to time; integrating means for generating an integrated voltage signal; proportional to a preselected amount of magnetic energy imparted to the ferrimagnet; reference means for generating a reference signal for comparison means for comparing the time-integrated voltage signal with the reference signal; control means for controlling the supply of power to the load device in response to the comparison means; A device characterized by: 2. The integrating means accumulates charge in proportion to the time the output voltage signal is applied. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises capacitive means. 3. The reference means determines the preselected amount of magnetic energy. A memory that receives a pit digital reference word and stores this digital reference word. and outputting the multi-pit digital data reference word to the comparing means. and converting means for converting the analog reference signal into an analog reference signal. is the device described in item 2. 4. the device comprises second sensing means for sensing the current flowing through the load device; Further, said control means is responsive to said second sensing means for supplying power to said load device. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for controlling supply. 5. When the sensed current exceeds a preselected value, said second sensing means sending a disable control signal to said control means; Claim 4, wherein the current to the load device is stopped in response to the sable control signal. equipment. 6. said sensing means detects a preselected difference in voltage on each side of said load device; A differential amplifier is provided to measure the value, and the output voltage signal is determined by this voltage difference. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. The comparing means compares the voltage signal integrated over time with a reference signal, and Disabled when the value of the voltage signal integrated with respect to reaches the value of said reference signal. generating a signal, the control means responsive to the disable signal disabling the load device; The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which controls the supply of power. . 8. The device further selectively connects the load device to a power source of one of two polarities. It is equipped with a switch means for coupling the load device to two switched Any one of claims 1 to 7 in which the current flows in either of the opposite directions. The device according to item 1. 9. The device selectively couples the load device to a power source of one of two polarities. comprising switching means, the load device being switched between the first or second opposite side; current flows in either direction, said switch means switching said power supply to one polarity. to said load device, thereby causing said ferrimagnetic element to be substantially saturated. passing a current in a first direction corresponding to the load device until Said switch means couples said power source to said load device at a second polarity, thereby causing a current to flow in a second direction corresponding to the load device; The sensing means senses the value of the voltage across the load device, while in the second direction. a current is directed in response to produce the output voltage signal; The integrating means integrates the voltage signal with respect to time, and integrates the voltage signal integrated with respect to time. the pressure signal is proportional to the amount of magnetic flux applied to the ferrimagnetic material, The comparison means compares the voltage signal integrated with respect to time with a reference signal, and When the integrated voltage signal reaches the value of the reference signal, the comparing means deactivates the generate a cable signal, said control means responsive to said disable signal to control current flow in said second direction; The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the equipment.