JPH0148715B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to signal processing of video signals in televisions, etc., and relates to signal processing of video signals in televisions, etc. Generating a key signal corresponding to a subject in a more specific chromaticity range and a specific luminance range, and converting the signal corresponding to the specific chromaticity range and luminance range of the third primary color signal or composite video signal in an analog manner, Alternatively, digital signal processing may be used to narrow the chromaticity range or luminance range, or by using one or more processes such as changing chromaticity or luminance, the three primary color signals or the composite video signal may be This field relates to signal processing that adds special effects to television images and the like by replacing or inserting part or all of them.

Traditionally, as one of the special effects for images, in the photography and printing industries, various techniques have been used to simplify the image by narrowing the chromaticity range and luminance range of part or all of the image. was. As a simple example, he used techniques such as adding touches to a color photograph with paint to create an oil painting-like work. In addition, as a special effect for images using color television cameras, etc., a chromakey device is used to change the color of the subject corresponding to the key signal, for example, changing the color of the singer's clothes to various colors like a chameleon. processing was being carried out. The special effects using these chromakey devices mainly involve inserting other video signals into the portion corresponding to the chromakey signal, so the image processing must be done to avoid any discomfort in the image between the inserted signal and the key signal. limited to things that do not occur,
Therefore, conventional special effects methods for television etc. produce illustrations like those drawn by illustrators (images drawn with chromaticity or brightness (purity) limited to a narrow range). This method has the disadvantage that it cannot be created using an electrical device using a signal from a color television camera or the like as an original image.

The present invention obtains new special effects that cannot be obtained with the conventional special effect devices as described above, and uses an image taken with a color television camera or the like as an original image to obtain an image similar to an oil painting drawn by an artist. For the purpose of this, in order to create an additional effect on part or all of the original image, it is possible to simplify the image by narrowing it to a specified range such as gradation, chromaticity, purity, etc., or to simplify a specific range. By changing the chromaticity and purity to other chromaticity and purity, it is attempted to obtain a special effect video signal from a signal from a color television camera or the like. Note that the term "purity" used herein refers to a level indicating the purity of a hue among the signal levels of a luminance signal.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. 1st
The figure shows an embodiment of the special effect device according to the present invention, in which a shows a tulip, 1 a flower, 2
indicates the stem and 3 indicates the leaf. Figure b is a vector diagram showing the signal from a color television camera or the like that photographed the tulip on a vector scope, where 4 indicates the vector corresponding to flower 1 in figure a, and 5 indicates the vector corresponding to stem 2. , and 6 indicates the vector corresponding to leaf 3. The flower 1 of the tulip is mainly red, the stem 2 is yellow, and the leaves 3 are green, but each has a dark area at the origin 7.

Figure 1c is an enlarged version of the vector diagram in Figure 1b, with chromaticity division lines 8, 9 and 26 as the chromaticity range.
The purity (or brightness)
is divided by purity dividing lines 10, 11 and 12, and the vector distribution is 13, 14, 15, 16, 1
It is divided into 6 areas: 7 and 18. Then, the six key signals corresponding to the six areas are obtained by signal processing using chromakey technology,
The signal corresponding to number 13 is replaced with the signal indicated by vector 21 in d of the same figure, and the signal corresponding to number 16 is replaced with the signal indicated by vector 22 of d of the same figure, and the signal corresponding to number 17 is inserted. The signal is 2 in d of the same figure.
By replacing and inserting the signal indicated by vector 3, and adding the signal indicated by vector 24, a signal vector diagram as shown in figure 1d, which is a special effect video signal, is created from the original signal vector diagram in figure 1b, as shown in figure 1d. obtain. As is clear from the figure, tulip flower 1 is divided into three areas and converted into vectors indicated by 19, 20, and 21, so the hue is expressed by three colors of purity, and the reddest part is the vector. 19
It is displayed in magenta color as shown in .

The part of stem 2 is vector 22 without dark parts.
The portion of the leaf 3 is shown as a vector 24 exactly as in the original image, including the dark areas, except that the green part with high purity becomes a cyan vector 23. However, since only the vector 23 is a vector that extends slightly in the direction of the origin, the gradation of the original image remains to some extent, so the cyan color has slight brightness and darkness. Images obtained in this way can be arbitrarily expressed in colors that are similar to the color depictions of painting methods based on other techniques, aside from the figurative style of painting, which depicts the subject with complete fidelity. In addition, as one of the divided areas, the first
If an area including black is provided, such as area 25 in FIG. e, and expressed in black or a color other than black, line drawing can be sufficiently performed. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the signal to be replaced and inserted can be a signal having the gradation of the original image, but it may be any color signal including achromatic colors. It is clear that you can also use substitution insertion to obtain special effects.

Next, an example of operations for obtaining special effects according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the operation panel. To explain the diagram, channel 1 is used for tulip flower 1 in Figure 1a.
(hereinafter referred to as CH1) is used. That is, after turning on the check switch 27 of the CH1 monitor so that the brightness (purity) replacement range is in three areas of 13, 14, and 15, the chromaticity coarse adjustment knob 28 and fine adjustment knob 29 are adjusted. Figure 1c
First, a chromaticity replacement range surrounded by dividing lines 8 and 26 is set. Setting of such a range can be done using chromakey technology. It can be seen that by this adjustment, only the corresponding image portion on the monitor is brightened and the flower 1 portion can be replaced. Next, turn both purity division switches 30 and 31.
By turning it on and adjusting the dividing line 11 with the knob 32 and the dividing line 10 with the knob 33, the areas 13 and 14 to be divided by the respective dividing lines can be set. In addition, switches 30 and 3
You can easily check the adjustment range by turning 1 ON and OFF. Next, in order to insert a bright magenta color into area 13, turn the gradation knob 34 counterclockwise to set the gradation to zero, and turn the purity knob 35
is set approximately at the center, and the chromaticity knob 36 is adjusted and set to the magenta position. At this time, by turning on the monitor placement/insertion switch 37, the replaced and inserted image can be displayed on the monitor. Similarly, for area 14, tone knob 57,
By adjusting the purity knob 58 and the chromaticity knob 59 to the set positions, and further adjusting the gradation knob 60, purity knob 61, and chromaticity knob 62 to the set positions for the area 15, the flower 1 Complete the adjustment of the part.

Next, adjust the stem 2. In this case, there is no need to perform purity division to express colors with constant purity, so channel 3 (hereinafter referred to as CH3) is used. CH3 monitor check switch 40
After turning on, adjust the coarse adjustment knob 41 and fine adjustment knob 42 of the chromaticity adjustment to the set position, and
Set 6. Then, by adjusting the gradation knob 43, purity knob 44, and chromaticity knob 45 to the set positions and turning on the monitor placement/insertion switch 46, the division line 47 shown by the dotted line in FIG. Area 16 surrounded by line 8 is replaced and inserted.

Furthermore, leaf 3 is adjusted. In this case, since purity separation is required, channel 2 (hereinafter referred to as CH2) is used. After turning on the check switch 48 of the CH2 monitor, adjust the chromaticity adjustment coarse adjustment knob 38 and fine adjustment knob 39 to the set positions to set the area surrounded by the chromaticity division lines 9 and 26. In this situation, if you set the monitor placement/insertion switch to ONR, CH2 has the function of giving priority to CH3, so the area of CH3 will be at dividing line 8.
and is automatically set in the area surrounded by the dividing line 9. And for CH2, purity dividing line 12
To set, turn on purity division switch 49.
, set the purity dividing line 12 with the adjustment knob 50 with the others OFF, and then set the purity division line 12 with the adjustment knob 50.
By setting the vector 23 to approximately the center, the vector 23 is given an arbitrary gradation, and the purity knob 52 and the chromaticity knob 53 are adjusted to the set positions. Then, turn the gradation knob 54 fully clockwise to obtain the same gradation as the original image, and adjust the purity knob 55 and chromaticity knob 56 to the set positions.

By adjusting in this way, the original signal vector shown in FIG. 1b is converted into a special video signal having the vector shown in FIG. 1d through a signal processing process of substitution and insertion. Although the explanation was mainly based on the vector diagram of the chroma signal in Fig. 1,
Composite video signals include NTSC signals, PAL signals, and
Even in video signals of various formats such as SECAM signals, purity (luminance) signals (Lumi
Since it is composed of two signals: -nance) and (chrominance), an area is set by dividing the chromaticity and purity for at least one of the signals, and then the gradation is set higher than the original signal. If the reduced signal or the like is replaced and inserted into part or all of the image, the special effect aimed at by the present invention can be obtained. Further, in the signal processing process of the purity (luminance) signal and color signal, the effect can be obtained for either analog signal or digital signal. Furthermore, in the case of three primary color signals of red (R), green (G) and blue (B),
Similar effects can be obtained for various signals such as the three signals Y, I, and Q.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained based on FIG. 3 using the CH1 system as an example. FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a unit channel of the special effects device according to the present invention. To explain the diagram, the original signal is input terminal 6
3 is applied. This signal is used in the gate circuit 64 to replace and insert the replacement insertion signal 67 output from the insertion signal generation circuit 81 into the area 15 by setting the gradation knob 34, the purity knob 35, and the chromaticity knob 36. At 65, the replacement insertion signal 68 output from the insertion signal generation circuit 81 is inserted into the area 14 by setting the gradation knob 57, the purity knob 58, and the chromaticity knob 59, and the gate circuit 66 inserts the replacement insertion signal 68 into the area 14. Tuning knob 6
By setting the purity knob 61 and the chromaticity knob 62, the replacement insertion signal 69 output from the insertion signal generation circuit 81 is inserted into the area 15 as replacement insertion and is outputted as a special effect video signal 74 via the output terminal 73.

Gate signals 70, 71 and 72 are applied to the gate circuits 64, 65 and 66, respectively, from a luminance/chrominance keyer (hereinafter referred to as luminance/chrominance keyer) 82.
This Lumi/Black keyer 82 has a variable resistor 89 for the purity division knob 32, a variable resistor 90 for the purity division knob 33, a variable resistor 91 for the chromaticity adjustment coarse adjustment knob 28, and a variable resistor 91 for the chromaticity adjustment fine adjustment knob 29. A red signal 76 is controlled by a variable resistor 92 and input from a terminal 75, and a green signal 7 is input from a terminal 77.
The blue signal 80 input from the input terminal 63 and the chromaticity key signal obtained by signal processing processes such as analog or digital addition/subtraction processing, addition/subtraction processing with a delayed signal, and the blue signal 80 inputted from the input terminal 63 It is a key signal obtained by various arithmetic processing such as addition/subtraction processing of a luminance signal obtained by signal processing such as clip processing of a composite video signal, addition/subtraction processing such as NAM, and inhibition. These signal processes can be performed using chromakey technology. In particular, when the chromaticity range is less than 120 degrees as seen in area 16, it is necessary to perform signal processing using a technique such as ``Chroma Key Signal Generation System'' disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 546-168263.

The insertion signal generation circuit 81 is applied with the purity divided signals 83, 84 and 85 outputted from the lumi/black keyer 82, respectively, and is connected to the variable resistor 86 of the gradation knob 34, the variable resistor 87 of the purity knob 35, and the chromaticity. The signal set by the variable resistor 88 of the knob 36 is sent to the gate circuits 64, 65 and 66.
are applied as replacement insertion signals 67, 68 and 69. These replacement insertion signals 67, 68, and 69 may be simply weighted and mixed 3.58 MHz chroma signals with their sinusoidal amplitudes and phases adjusted to a certain purity level, and may also be supplied from the Lumi/Chroma keyer 82. A 3.58MHz chroma signal may be superimposed and mixed with the amplitude and pedestal of the purity component to be adjusted. Furthermore, a video signal from another color television camera or the like may be used as the luminance component.

As described above, the present invention narrows the distribution of purity components or the distribution of chromaticity components for part or all of an original signal having complexly distributed purity components and chromaticity components. In other words, by simplifying, simplifying and making the chromaticity or purity different, or conversely complicating it, it is possible to create a special effect by creating an image that looks like it was drawn by an artist, based on the signal from a color television camera, etc. It is a technique that can be easily made. In addition, it is possible to convert a simple colored picture drawn by an illustrator into an image that looks like it was taken with a color television camera and carefully redrawn.

Although the above operation was explained using unit channels, as explained using the above-mentioned tulip as an example, it is possible to easily create complex images by arbitrarily combining multiple channels. Can be converted into special effects images.

In this way, the special effects according to the present invention can be produced by, for example, professional illustrators drawing the titles of broadcast programs at television broadcasting stations, etc., but by installing the special effects device according to the present invention at the adjustment desk. However, if you convert the original image and special effect image into a dissolve screen, you might start with an oil painting-like screen and gradually change to the original image, or conversely, change the original image to an oil painting-like image. can be easily operated. Furthermore, in the creation of animations, etc., it can be used in various ways, such as by using a person as an original image and easily changing it into a colored image resembling a doll.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vector diagram of an embodiment of a special effects device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the operation panel of the special effects device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a unit channel of a special effects device according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a flower, 2 is a stem, 3 is a leaf, 64, 65,
66 is a gate circuit, 81 is an insertion signal generation circuit, 8
2 is a luminance/chrominance keyer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A chroma key device that outputs a key signal and a purity division signal having a chromaticity signal within a set range from three primary color signals from a color television camera, etc. or a composite video signal from another device, and a purity division signal from the chroma key device. Receives signals and sets chromaticity,
an insertion signal generation device that outputs a signal with purity settings and gradation settings; and a key from the chromakey device that inputs the signal from the insertion signal generation device to the three primary color signals or a composite video signal signal from another device. A special effect device comprising a gate circuit that replaces and inserts a signal as a control signal.