JPH0148419B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0148419B2 JPH0148419B2 JP8635383A JP8635383A JPH0148419B2 JP H0148419 B2 JPH0148419 B2 JP H0148419B2 JP 8635383 A JP8635383 A JP 8635383A JP 8635383 A JP8635383 A JP 8635383A JP H0148419 B2 JPH0148419 B2 JP H0148419B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diameter coil
- coil
- small diameter
- hook
- small
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/02—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction
- F16F3/04—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction composed only of wound springs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、中荷重領域での荷重たわみ特性を示
す直線の勾配が、低荷重及び高荷重領域のそれよ
りも緩やかになるように非線形特性を示すコイル
ばねに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a coil spring that exhibits nonlinear characteristics such that the slope of a straight line representing load deflection characteristics in a medium load region is gentler than that in low load and high load regions.
素線を等ピツチで螺旋巻きした一般のコイルば
ねは、荷重とたわみの間に比例関係が成立する線
形特性を示すが、目的によつてはコイルばねに上
記したような比例関係にない様々な非線形特性が
要される場合があり、線径を変えたり、ピツチを
変えたり、或いは、コイルを二重にしたりして
様々の非線形特性を得ていたが、例えば、第４図
に示すように、中荷重領域ｂにおける荷重ｐとた
わみδの特性を示す直線（以下、特性直線とい
う。）の公配が、低荷重領域ａ及び高荷重領域ｃ
の特性直線の勾配よりも緩やかになる非線形特性
を示すコイルばねは従来存在せず、その出現が望
まれていた。 A general coil spring made by spirally winding a wire at equal pitches exhibits a linear characteristic in which a proportional relationship exists between load and deflection. In some cases, nonlinear characteristics are required, and various nonlinear characteristics have been obtained by changing the wire diameter, changing the pitch, or doubling the coils. For example, as shown in Figure 4, , the distribution of a straight line (hereinafter referred to as a characteristic line) showing the characteristics of the load p and deflection δ in the medium load region b is the low load region a and the high load region c.
Until now, there has been no coil spring that exhibits nonlinear characteristics that are gentler than the gradient of the characteristic line, and the emergence of one has been desired.
本発明は、かかる要求に基づいて成されたもの
であり、以下、その一実施例を添付図面に基づい
て説明する。 The present invention has been made based on such requirements, and one embodiment thereof will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本実施例は圧縮コイルばねを示し、第１図に示
すように、螺旋巻きされた小径コイル１の上端に
は垂直部２の先端が約45゜斜め下方へ屈曲した鉤
部３が形成され、この小径コイル１の外側には、
小径コイル１の下端に連続してこの小径コイル１
と逆ねじれに螺旋巻きされた大径コイル４が、自
由状態においてその上端が鉤部３よりも高くなる
ように形成されているとともに、この大径コイル
４の上端には、素線の巻終端をコイルの軸心を通
つて水平に伸ばし最上段の螺旋部の上面に載せた
係止部５が形成されており、大径コイル４を圧縮
し、かつ、小径コイル１を引張つて鉤部３を係止
部５に引掛けることによつて、第２図に示すよう
に、大径コイル４が圧縮され、かつ、小径コイル
１が引張られた状態で一体に組み付けられてい
る。 This embodiment shows a compression coil spring, and as shown in FIG. 1, a hook portion 3 is formed at the upper end of a spirally wound small diameter coil 1, with the tip of a vertical portion 2 bent diagonally downward at an angle of about 45 degrees. On the outside of this small diameter coil 1,
This small diameter coil 1 is connected continuously to the lower end of the small diameter coil 1.
A large-diameter coil 4 spirally wound in a reverse twist is formed such that its upper end is higher than the hook portion 3 in a free state, and the upper end of this large-diameter coil 4 has a winding end of a strand of wire. A locking part 5 is formed which extends horizontally through the axis of the coil and rests on the upper surface of the uppermost spiral part, and compresses the large diameter coil 4 and pulls the small diameter coil 1 to release the hook part 3. By hooking on the locking portion 5, the large diameter coil 4 is compressed and the small diameter coil 1 is tensioned and assembled together as shown in FIG.
そして、第３図に示すように、この圧縮コイル
ばねを受面Ａ上に載置し、圧縮コイルばねの上面
に鉤部３が挿通可能な中心孔を透設した押板Ｂを
載せてその上面から荷重ｐを加え、その荷重ｐと
たわみδの特性を第４図に示す。まず、第３図の
ａに示すように、圧縮コイルばねが組み付け状態
から圧縮されて、小径コイル１が組み付け前の自
由状態に復帰するまでの低荷重領域ａについて説
明すると、小径コイル１の鉤部３を大径コイル４
の係止部５に引掛けた状態（第２図）において、
小径コイル１に生ずる引張力と大径コイル４に生
ずる圧縮力とは同一であるのでこれを△Ｐとし、
小径コイルのばね定数をK1、大径コイルのばね
定数をK2として、荷重Ｐを作用させた場合に、
押板Ｂが第２図の状態からｌだけ押し下げられた
とすると、大径コイル４に生ずる弾拡力（拡がろ
うとする力）は（△Ｐ＋lK2）であり、小径コイ
ル１に生ずる弾縮力（縮もうとする力）は、小径
コイル１が引張りばねとして作用し、短くなるの
に比例して弾縮力は小さくなるから、（△Ｐ−
lK1）であり、また、小径コイル１に生ずる力は
大径コイル４に生ずる力と逆方向であつて、大径
コイル４に生ずる弾拡力を減ずるように作用する
ことにより、次式が成立し、
Ｐ＝（△Ｐ＋lK2）−（△Ｐ−lK1）
＝ｌ（K1＋K2）
ばね定数は、（K1＋K2）であつて、特性直線の
勾配が急となる。次に、第３図のｂに示すよう
に、小径コイル１が組み付け前の自由状態に復帰
した後の中荷重領域ｂにおいては、小径コイル１
の鉤部３が約45゜斜め下方に屈曲して拡がつてい
るため、大径コイル４の係止部５が鉤部３から脱
出して垂直部２に沿つて下降し、小径コイル１の
螺旋部の上面に達するまでは、大径コイル４のみ
が圧縮されることとなり、ばね定数はK2であつ
て、その特性直線の勾配は緩やかになる。さら
に、第３図のｃに示すように、大径コイル４の係
止部５が小径コイル１の螺旋部の上面に達した後
の高荷重領域ｃにおいては、大径コイル４が圧縮
されるのに伴なつて小径コイル１が係止部５で押
され、大径コイル４と小径コイル１とが一諸に圧
縮されるため、ばね定数は（K1＋K2）であつて
その特性直線は、前記した低荷重領域ａの特性直
線の勾配と同じ比例関係にある急な勾配となる。 Then, as shown in Fig. 3, this compression coil spring is placed on the receiving surface A, and a push plate B having a transparent center hole through which the hook part 3 can be inserted is placed on the upper surface of the compression coil spring. A load p is applied from the top surface, and the characteristics of the load p and deflection δ are shown in FIG. First, as shown in Fig. 3a, the low load region a, which is the period from when the compression coil spring is compressed from the assembled state until the small diameter coil 1 returns to the free state before assembly, will be described. Part 3 is a large diameter coil 4
In the state where it is hooked on the locking part 5 (Fig. 2),
Since the tensile force generated in the small diameter coil 1 and the compressive force generated in the large diameter coil 4 are the same, let this be △P,
When the spring constant of the small diameter coil is K 1 and the spring constant of the large diameter coil is K 2 and a load P is applied,
If the push plate B is pushed down by l from the state shown in FIG . (The force that tries to contract) is calculated as (△P-
lK 1 ), and the force generated in the small diameter coil 1 is in the opposite direction to the force generated in the large diameter coil 4, and acts to reduce the elastic expansion force generated in the large diameter coil 4, so that the following equation is obtained. It holds, P=(ΔP+lK 2 )−(ΔP−lK 1 )=l(K 1 +K 2 ) The spring constant is (K 1 +K 2 ), and the slope of the characteristic straight line is steep. Next, as shown in FIG. 3b, in the medium load region b after the small diameter coil 1 returns to the free state before assembly, the small diameter coil 1
Since the hook portion 3 of the is bent diagonally downward by approximately 45 degrees and expands, the locking portion 5 of the large diameter coil 4 escapes from the hook portion 3 and descends along the vertical portion 2, causing the small diameter coil 1 to Until the upper surface of the helical portion is reached, only the large diameter coil 4 is compressed, the spring constant is K2 , and the gradient of its characteristic straight line becomes gentle. Further, as shown in FIG. 3c, in the high load region c after the locking portion 5 of the large diameter coil 4 reaches the upper surface of the spiral portion of the small diameter coil 1, the large diameter coil 4 is compressed. Along with this, the small diameter coil 1 is pushed by the locking part 5, and the large diameter coil 4 and the small diameter coil 1 are compressed together, so the spring constant is (K 1 + K 2 ) and its characteristic straight line is a steep slope having the same proportional relationship as the slope of the characteristic straight line in the low load region a described above.
なお、上記実施例は圧縮コイルばねを示したも
のであるが、小径コイル１の鉤部３に連続して相
手部材に引掛けるフツクを形成し、小径コイル１
と大径コイル４の連続した下端を他の相手部材に
取り付けるようにすれば、前記したと同様の非線
形特性を示す引張コイルばねを得ることができ
る。 Although the above embodiment shows a compression coil spring, a hook for hooking onto a mating member is formed continuously on the hook portion 3 of the small diameter coil 1.
By attaching the continuous lower end of the large-diameter coil 4 to another mating member, it is possible to obtain a tension coil spring exhibiting nonlinear characteristics similar to those described above.
すなわち、本発明のコイルばねは、上端に鉤部
を形成した小径コイルの外側に、該小径コイルの
下端に連続して該小径コイルと逆ねじれに螺旋巻
きした大径コイルを、その上端が自由状態におい
て前記鉤部よりも高くなるように形成し、前記鉤
部を前記大径コイルの上端の係止部に、該係止部
が前記鉤部の下方への脱出可能に係止したことを
要旨とするものであつて、中荷重領域における荷
重たわみ特性を示す直線の勾配が、低荷重領域及
び高荷重領域の特性直線の勾配よりも緩やかにな
る非線形特性を得ることができる効果を奏する。 That is, the coil spring of the present invention has a large-diameter coil that is spirally wound in a reverse twist to the small-diameter coil continuously at the lower end of the small-diameter coil on the outside of a small-diameter coil that has a hook portion formed at the upper end, and the upper end of the coil is free. The hook is formed to be higher than the hook in the state, and the hook is locked to a locking portion at the upper end of the large diameter coil such that the locking portion can escape downwardly. The present invention has the effect of obtaining nonlinear characteristics in which the slope of the straight line representing the load deflection characteristic in the medium load region is gentler than the slope of the characteristic straight line in the low load region and the high load region.
第１図乃至第４図は本発明の一実施例を示し、
第１図は圧縮コイルばねの組み付け前の状態を示
す一部切欠正面図、第２図は組み付け後の状態を
示す一部切欠正面図、第３図は作用説明図、第４
図は荷重たわみの特性線図である。
１：小径コイル、３：鉤部、４：大径コイル、
５…係止部。
1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing the state of the compression coil spring before assembly, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway front view showing the state after assembly, Fig. 3 is an action explanatory diagram, and Fig. 4 is a partially cutaway front view showing the state after assembly.
The figure is a characteristic diagram of deflection under load. 1: Small diameter coil, 3: Hook portion, 4: Large diameter coil,
5...Locking part.
Claims (1)
該小径コイルの下端に連続して該小径コイルと逆
ねじれに螺旋巻きした大径コイルを、その上端が
自由状態において前記鉤部よりも高くなるように
形成し、前記鉤部を前記大径コイルの上端の係止
部に、該係止部が前記鉤部の下方への脱出可能に
係止したことを特徴とするコイルばね。1. On the outside of the small diameter coil with a hook formed on the upper end,
A large-diameter coil that is spirally wound in a reverse twist to the small-diameter coil is formed continuously on the lower end of the small-diameter coil so that its upper end is higher than the hook portion in a free state, and the hook portion is connected to the large-diameter coil. A coil spring characterized in that the locking portion is locked to a locking portion at the upper end so that the locking portion can escape downward from the hook portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8635383A JPS59212545A (en) | 1983-05-16 | 1983-05-16 | Coil spring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8635383A JPS59212545A (en) | 1983-05-16 | 1983-05-16 | Coil spring |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59212545A JPS59212545A (en) | 1984-12-01 |
| JPH0148419B2 true JPH0148419B2 (en) | 1989-10-19 |
Family
ID=13884513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8635383A Granted JPS59212545A (en) | 1983-05-16 | 1983-05-16 | Coil spring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59212545A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0608907D0 (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2006-06-14 | Harrison Bedding Ltd | Spring units |
| GB2495499B (en) | 2011-10-11 | 2019-02-06 | Hs Products Ltd | Hybrid spring |
| GB2506104B (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2018-12-12 | Hs Products Ltd | Resilient unit with different major surfaces |
| DE102013008190B4 (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-09-17 | Sven Rehagel | Apparatus and method for releasably securing loads to delicate pillar or post-like support structures, in particular to trunks of living trees |
| GB201708639D0 (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2017-07-12 | Hs Products Ltd | Transportation Apparatus and method |
| GB201708635D0 (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2017-07-12 | Hs Products Ltd | Pocketed spring unit and method manufacture |
-
1983
- 1983-05-16 JP JP8635383A patent/JPS59212545A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59212545A (en) | 1984-12-01 |
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