JPH0147447B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0147447B2
JPH0147447B2 JP55018725A JP1872580A JPH0147447B2 JP H0147447 B2 JPH0147447 B2 JP H0147447B2 JP 55018725 A JP55018725 A JP 55018725A JP 1872580 A JP1872580 A JP 1872580A JP H0147447 B2 JPH0147447 B2 JP H0147447B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
endorphin
injection
patients
pain
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP55018725A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS56115722A (en
Inventor
Tsutomu Oyama
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP1872580A priority Critical patent/JPS56115722A/en
Publication of JPS56115722A publication Critical patent/JPS56115722A/en
Publication of JPH0147447B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0147447B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、強力かつ持続性の鎮痛効果を奏し、
しかも副作用の少ない脊髄注射剤に関する、さら
に詳しくは、本発明は、β―エンドルフインもし
くはそれの生理学的に許容されうる塩を含有して
なる脊髄注射剤に関する。 β―エンドルフインは、脳下垂体ホルモンの1
種である脂肪動員ホルモン(LPH)の構成部分
であるアミノ酸31個よりなるモルヒネ様活性を有
するペプチドで、その化学的全合成も成功してい
る〔J.Med.Chem.20;325(1977)〕。このβ―エン
ドルフインを人および実験動物に静脈注射投与し
ても有意の鎮痛効果が認められないことが報告さ
れている(“Communin Psychopharmacol”
1977;1;493―500)。一方、β―エンドルフイ
ンを直接ヒトの脳室内に注入して鎮痛効果を発現
せしめた旨の報告がなされている(“Commun in
Psychopharmacol”1978;2;33―37)が、か
かる投与方法は実用面で満足しうるものとは言い
難い。 本発明者は、かかる医学的背景のもとに鋭意研
究の結果、β―エンドルフインを疼痛患者のクモ
膜下腔に注入することにより、きわめて迅速に疼
痛が実質的に完全に消失し、しかもその鎮痛効果
はきわめて長時間持続し、そのうえほとんど副作
用をともなわないという驚くべき新知見を得た。
本発明は、上記新知見に基づきさらに研究を進め
て完成されたものである。 すなわち、本発明は、β―エンドルフインもし
くはそれの生理学的に許容されうる塩を含有して
なる脊髄注射剤である。 本発明の注射剤は脊髄のクモ膜下腔内に注入し
てもよく、脊髄の硬膜外に注射してもよい。 本発明の注射剤は、疼痛の除去ないし軽減を必
要とする患者に適用され、とりわけ従来は全身鎮
痛剤、麻薬などの投与に頼らざるを得なかつたよ
うな疼痛患者たとえば術後患者、ガン末期患者に
対して著効を奏するものであり、また産婦に適用
して無痛分娩の目的を達成することもできる。 本発明においては、β―エンドルフインとして
化学的に合成したものおよび天然物たとえば
LPHの分解により得たもののいずれを使用して
もよい、β―エンドルフインは、遊離のものとし
て用いてもよく、それの生理学的に許容されうる
塩、たとえば鉱酸塩(塩酸塩、硫酸塩など)や有
機酸塩(酢酸塩、クエン酸、酒石酸塩など)など
の酸付加塩などとして使用してもよい。とりわけ
酢酸塩が好都合に用いられる。 上記したβ―エンドルフインもしくはそれの塩
を含有する本発明の注射剤は、注射液の形態で用
いられる、かかる注射液は自体公知の手法により
調製することができる。たとえば、β―エンドル
フインもしくはそれの塩を生理食塩水などに溶解
し加熱滅菌して注射液を調製してもよく、あるい
は糖類(グルコース、ソルビトール、マニトール
など)水溶液に溶解して凍結乾燥することにより
使用時溶解用の製剤としてもよい。 本発明注射剤の投与量は、患者の疼痛の程度な
どにより適宜選定しうるが、一般に約0.1〜5mg
(遊離のβ―エンドルフイン乾燥物として;以下
同様)/成人患者/回の範囲内であり、とりわけ
約0.5〜3mg/成人患者/回の範囲が好ましい。 本発明注射剤のクモ膜下腔への注入は、自体公
知の腰椎麻酔の手法により行なうことができる。
一般に、第2腰椎と第3腰椎の間を穿刺してクモ
膜下腔内に注入するのがよい。 脊髄の硬膜外に注入する場合は、自体公知の脊
髄硬膜外麻酔法、仙骨麻酔法の手法により行なう
ことができる。 本発明の注射剤を投与することにより、患者の
疼痛を迅速にかつ長時間にわたり実質的に完全に
除去することができ、そのうえ副作用はほとんど
認められないので、本発明は臨床医学領域にきわ
めて大きく貢献するものである。 以下に、本発明を臨床例および処方例によりさ
らに具体的に説明するが、これらが本発明の範囲
を制限するものでないことはいうまでもない。 臨床例 転移悪性腫にともなう慢性かつ強烈な疼痛を背
部、胸部、腹部、直腸および(または)太股部に
有する14名の患者が投与対象として選択された。
これらの患者に通常の全身鎮痛剤を投与したが、
普通の投与量と投与回数では疼痛を完全に抑制す
ることはできなかつた。これらの患者は通常疼痛
のためにほとんど眠れなかつた。 上記患者に研究の目的を説明して、明確な承諾
を得たのち、β―エンドルフインの投与5時間前
に全身鎮痛剤の投与を停止した。β―エンドルフ
インの投与直前ならびに投与後2時間おきに神経
病学的検査および脳波測定を行なつた。患者に
Visual Pain scale(“Adv Neurol”1974;
281―283)を説明し、β―エンドルフイン投与30
分前に基準疼痛度を設定した。 β―エンドルフインは、化学合成品を
“Biochem Biophys Res Commun”1977,74
248―255の記載のとおりに高純度に精製した酢酸
塩を用いた。 8名の患者(症例1〜8)に対してはβ―エン
ドルフイン酢酸塩3mg(遊離のβ―エンドルフイ
ン乾燥物として2.5mg)、グルコース150mgを蒸留
水3mlに溶解し滅菌して得た注射液を、6名の患
者(症例9〜14)に対してはβ―エンドルフイン
酢酸塩3mgを生理食塩水3mlに溶解し滅菌して得
た注射液を使用した。投与は各患者の第2腰椎と
第3腰椎との間を穿刺し、等量の脳脊椎液を吸入
除去したのち、上記注射液をクモ膜下腔内に注入
することにより行なつた。投与後、疼痛度、生命
徴候、中枢神経検査、脳波、心電図、脈拍数、呼
吸数、血中ガス分析および体温を記録した。単純
な行動パラメーターも観察した。 5名の患者(症例9〜12,14)に対しては、3
名の医師により、無作為の順番でβ―エンドルフ
イン注射液またはプラセボ(生理食塩水)を続け
て投与するsingle―randomization designを行な
つた。残りの患者に対しては、プラセボを投与す
ることなく、β―エンドルフインのみを投与し
た。 結 果 14の患者全員が疼痛の完全な除去を報告した。
14名のうちの12名は、β―エンドルフインのクモ
膜下腔注入後1〜5分以内に疼痛が消失した。疼
痛消失の持続期間に、投与後22.5時間から73.5時
間の範囲であり、その平均は33.4時間であつた。
プラセボは、その投与を受けた5名において全く
効果が認められないかまたは単時間の効果しか認
められなかつた。 β―エンドルフインのクモ膜下腔内注入は、全
患者に対して全く不快感をもたらさなかつた。14
名のうち11名は注射後1〜4時間うとうとする眠
気を覚えた。7名は眠り、そのうちの1名(症例
5)は注射40分後から80分間眠り、症例7は注射
10分後から110分間眠り、残りの5名は1〜2時
間眠つた。どの患者も、呼びかけると容易に目覚
めた。呼吸抑制、動脈血中ガス変化、悪心、血圧
および体温の降下、緊張および筋硬直は全く認め
られなかつた。投与前から大量の腹水がたまつて
いた症例13を除いて、すべての患者は夜熟睡し
た。疼痛除去期間中、静脈穿刺および軽度の接触
刺激に対する知覚はそこなわれなかつた。試験期
間中脳波および心電図の異状所見は全く認められ
なかつた。 臨床試験結果の概要を第1表に示す。
The present invention has a strong and long-lasting analgesic effect,
The present invention relates to a spinal injection with fewer side effects, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a spinal injection containing β-endorphin or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof. Beta-endorphin is a pituitary hormone.
It is a peptide with morphine-like activity consisting of 31 amino acids that is a component of the seed fat mobilization hormone (LPH), and its chemical total synthesis has also been successful [J.Med.Chem. 20 ; 325 (1977) ]. It has been reported that no significant analgesic effect is observed when this β-endorphin is administered intravenously to humans and experimental animals (“Communin Psychopharmacol”).
1977; 1; 493-500). On the other hand, it has been reported that β-endorphin was injected directly into the human ventricle to induce analgesic effects (“Commun in
Psychopharmacol"1978;2; 33-37), but this method of administration cannot be said to be satisfactory from a practical standpoint. Based on this medical background, the present inventor has conducted intensive research and determined that β-endorphin A surprising new discovery has been made that when injected into the subarachnoid space of a pain patient, the pain virtually completely disappears very quickly, the analgesic effect lasts for an extremely long time, and there are almost no side effects. Ta.
The present invention was completed through further research based on the above new findings. That is, the present invention is a spinal injection preparation containing β-endorphin or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof. The injection of the present invention may be injected into the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord or epidurally into the spinal cord. The injection of the present invention is applicable to patients in need of pain removal or relief, particularly pain patients who conventionally had to rely on administration of systemic analgesics, narcotics, etc., such as post-operative patients, terminally ill cancer patients, etc. It is highly effective for patients, and can also be applied to pregnant women to achieve the goal of painless childbirth. In the present invention, chemically synthesized β-endorphin and natural products such as
Beta-endorphin, which may be used either as obtained by decomposition of LPH, may be used in its free form or in its physiologically acceptable salts, such as mineral salts (hydrochloride, sulfate, etc.). ) or organic acid salts (acetate, citric acid, tartrate, etc.) or other acid addition salts. Acetate salts are particularly advantageously used. The injection of the present invention containing β-endorphin or a salt thereof described above is used in the form of an injection solution. Such an injection solution can be prepared by a method known per se. For example, an injection solution may be prepared by dissolving β-endorphin or its salt in physiological saline and sterilizing it by heat, or by dissolving it in an aqueous solution of sugars (glucose, sorbitol, mannitol, etc.) and freeze-drying it. It may also be a preparation for dissolution before use. The dose of the injection of the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the degree of pain of the patient, but is generally about 0.1 to 5 mg.
(as free β-endorphin dry product; the same applies hereinafter)/adult patient/dose, particularly preferably in the range of about 0.5 to 3 mg/adult patient/dose. The injection of the present invention can be injected into the subarachnoid space by a known lumbar anesthesia technique.
Generally, it is best to inject into the subarachnoid space through a puncture between the second and third lumbar vertebrae. When injecting into the epidural area of the spinal cord, the injection can be performed using a spinal epidural anesthesia method or a sacral anesthesia method, which are known per se. By administering the injection of the present invention, a patient's pain can be substantially completely eliminated quickly and over a long period of time, and almost no side effects are observed. It is something that contributes. The present invention will be explained in more detail below using clinical examples and prescription examples, but it goes without saying that these do not limit the scope of the present invention. Clinical Cases Fourteen patients with chronic and intense pain associated with metastatic malignant tumors in the back, chest, abdomen, rectum, and/or thighs were selected for treatment.
Although these patients received regular systemic analgesics,
It was not possible to completely suppress pain with normal doses and frequency of administration. These patients usually had little sleep due to pain. After explaining the purpose of the study to the patient and obtaining their explicit consent, administration of systemic analgesics was stopped 5 hours before administration of β-endorphin. Neurological examinations and electroencephalogram measurements were performed immediately before and every 2 hours after administration of β-endorphin. to the patient
Visual Pain scale (“Adv Neurol” 1974; 4 ;
281-283) and β-endorphin administration30
The reference pain level was set 1 minute ago. β-endorphin is a chemically synthesized product “Biochem Biophys Res Commun” 1977, 74 ;
Acetate purified to high purity as described in 248-255 was used. For eight patients (cases 1 to 8), an injection solution obtained by dissolving 3 mg of β-endorphin acetate (2.5 mg as free β-endorphin dry product) and 150 mg of glucose in 3 ml of distilled water and sterilizing the solution was administered. For six patients (cases 9 to 14), an injection solution obtained by dissolving 3 mg of β-endorphin acetate in 3 ml of physiological saline and sterilizing the solution was used. Administration was performed by puncturing each patient between the second and third lumbar vertebrae, removing an equal amount of cerebrospinal fluid by suction, and then injecting the above injection into the subarachnoid space. After administration, pain level, vital signs, central nervous system examination, electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram, pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood gas analysis, and body temperature were recorded. Simple behavioral parameters were also observed. For 5 patients (cases 9-12, 14), 3
A single-randomization design was performed in which beta-endorphin injection or a placebo (normal saline) was administered sequentially in a randomized order by a designated physician. The remaining patients received only β-endorphin without placebo. Results: All 14 patients reported complete relief of pain.
In 12 of the 14 patients, pain disappeared within 1 to 5 minutes after intrathecal injection of β-endorphin. The duration of pain relief ranged from 22.5 hours to 73.5 hours after administration, with a mean of 33.4 hours.
The placebo had no effect or only a short-term effect in the five patients who received it. Intrathecal injection of β-endorphin caused no discomfort to all patients. 14
Of those, 11 felt sleepy for 1 to 4 hours after the injection. Seven people slept, one of them (case 5) slept for 80 minutes starting 40 minutes after the injection, and case 7 slept after the injection.
After 10 minutes, they slept for 110 minutes, and the remaining five slept for 1 to 2 hours. All patients were easily awakened when called upon. There were no respiratory depression, arterial blood gas changes, nausea, drop in blood pressure and body temperature, nervousness or muscle stiffness. All patients slept soundly through the night, except for case 13, who had accumulated a large amount of ascites before administration. Perception to venipuncture and mild touch stimuli remained intact during the pain relief period. No abnormalities were observed in electroencephalogram or electrocardiogram during the test period. A summary of the clinical trial results is shown in Table 1.

【表】【table】

【表】 処方例 (1) β―エンドルフイン酢酸塩300mgを300mlの生
理食塩水に溶解し、その1mlずつをアンプル中
に注入し、120℃で80分間加熱滅菌し封をして
注射剤を得る。 (2) β―エンドルフイン酢酸塩300mgとブドウ糖
15gを蒸留水300mlに溶解し、これをアンプル
に1mlずつ分注し、凍結乾燥後、密封して使用
時溶解用の製剤を得る。
[Table] Prescription example (1) Dissolve 300 mg of β-endorphin acetate in 300 ml of physiological saline, inject 1 ml each into ampoules, heat sterilize at 120°C for 80 minutes, and seal to obtain an injection. . (2) β-endorphin acetate 300mg and glucose
Dissolve 15 g in 300 ml of distilled water, dispense 1 ml each into ampoules, freeze-dry, and seal to obtain a preparation for dissolution before use.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 β―エンドルフインもしくはそれの生理学的
に許容されうる塩を含有してなる脊髄注射剤。
1. A spinal injection preparation containing β-endorphin or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof.
JP1872580A 1980-02-18 1980-02-18 Analgesic Granted JPS56115722A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1872580A JPS56115722A (en) 1980-02-18 1980-02-18 Analgesic

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1872580A JPS56115722A (en) 1980-02-18 1980-02-18 Analgesic

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS56115722A JPS56115722A (en) 1981-09-11
JPH0147447B2 true JPH0147447B2 (en) 1989-10-13

Family

ID=11979636

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1872580A Granted JPS56115722A (en) 1980-02-18 1980-02-18 Analgesic

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS56115722A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS56115722A (en) 1981-09-11

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