JPH0138638Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and particularly to one that can obtain a tone close to that of an actual musical instrument.

(Conventional example) Electronic musical instruments are generally configured to produce tones that imitate existing musical instrument sounds, such as piano tones, but as is well known, periodic functions are used to generate sounds that imitate musical instrument sounds. It is necessary to set the same waveform and also set the envelope, that is, the output level on the time axis, to be the same. As shown in Figure 1, the envelope can be expressed on a plane showing time T and level L, with attack A showing the rise of the sound, decay D showing the state of decay from attack A, and comparison of the attenuation rate of the sound. It consists of a gentle sustain S and a release R, which indicates a state in which the sound fades away. This envelope differs depending on the instrument; in wind instruments, attack A is generally gentle and can maintain a certain level even after that, resulting in a graph without much ups and downs, but in the sound of musical instruments such as pianos, attack A is prominent. After that, the graph shows a gradual attenuation.

This is a graph showing the envelope of the piano shown in Figures 2 and 3. Figure 2 shows the characteristics of the bass side, and Figure 3 shows the characteristics of the treble side. Due to the nature of stringed instruments, the bass side changes from attack A to release R. It takes a long time to reach the treble, and the time becomes shorter for the higher notes. It is also known that the relationship between pitch and time on a piano is that for each octave higher, the time increases by approximately 1/√2.
In reality, the decay time differs for each key.

However, in conventional electronic musical instruments, the envelope was common throughout the entire range, so if the envelope was set to produce a sound close to the real thing in the low range, the decay time would be too long in the high range. On the other hand, the downside is that the decay time on the low frequency side becomes too short, resulting in an unnatural sound.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional electronic musical instrument and that can produce a tone extremely close to that of an actual musical instrument.

(Configuration of the present invention) The configuration of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes a harmonic synthesizer including a first memory for storing a sine wave function, and a harmonic of a signal to be output from the harmonic synthesizer. A harmonic spectrum memory group whose content rate can be arbitrarily set, a second memory for storing the signal from the harmonic synthesis section, a pitch designation signal from the keyboard, and an instrument sound selection signal from the instrument selector. and an envelope control section capable of controlling the envelope of the signal to be output from the second memory.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 4 to 6. In the figure, 1 is a first memory for storing a sine wave function, and is an element of the harmonic synthesis section 2. Reference numeral 3 denotes a harmonic spectrum memory group that can arbitrarily set the harmonic content rate of the signal to be output from the harmonic synthesizer 2, and is composed of a memory 31 and a memory 32, It is connected to the synthesis section 2. 4 is a second memory for storing the signal from the harmonic synthesis section 2; 5 is an envelope control section capable of controlling the envelope of the signal to be output from the second memory; The above control is performed by a pitch designation signal from the keyboard 6 and an instrument sound selection signal from the musical instrument selector 7.

In the embodiment, the harmonic synthesis section 2 includes a frequency divider 11, a counter 12, a latch 13, and an adder 1.
4, a latch 15, the first memory 1, a multiplier 16, a latch 17, an adder 18, and a latch 19 arranged in series. Here, latch 1
If the clock frequency input to latch 3 is ₁ and the output from latch 13 is a, then the value of a is
is applied and latched. If the output from latch 15 is b, then A+O is calculated for the first time, and output b and output a match. The _timing of the clock frequency ₁ and the control signal ₂ of the latch ₁₅ has the relationship shown in FIG. In the case, the output from the adder 14 is a
+a and get 2a. Further, in pulse P ₂ , output b becomes 3a, and at the timing when pulse P ₈ is output, a value up to 8 times the output a from latch 13 can be synthesized.
Therefore, the address of each harmonic can be specified here, and the output from latch 19 will be
It is designed to be input into memory 4 of . Further, the operation up to writing into the memory 4 is performed only once each time a musical instrument is selected.
2. Envelope memories 53 and 54 for storing envelopes, and the envelope memory 5
and a multiplexer 55 for selecting data from 3 and 54. A multiplier 8 is provided at the next stage of the memory 4, and an envelope is applied to the signal from the second memory 4 in accordance with the output from the multiplexer 55. Reference numeral 9 is a pitch setting section for determining pitch, and a clock branched from the clock oscillator CL is input to frequency dividers 91 to 93, and output from the frequency dividers 91 to 93. The signals are selected by multiplexer 94;
The signal is input to a counter 60 provided before the second memory 4. The counter 60 addresses the second memory 4 according to the selected clock frequency, and a signal of the desired pitch (digital signal) is output. Signals from the keyboard 6 and instrument selector 7 are input to a controller 61 as a central control section, and the controller 6
1 controls the operation timing of latch 13, latch 15, latch 17, latch 19, memory 31, memory 32, multiplexer 33, multiplexer 55, and multiplexer 94. Each of the above memories stores the data shown in Figure 6, and in the figure, AD is an address;
DA indicates data, the first memory 1 contains the sine wave shown in FIG. 6A, the memories 31 and 32 contain harmonic content data shown in FIGS. 6B and C, respectively, and the envelope memory 53 , 54 store envelope data shown in FIGS. 6D and 6E, respectively. The digital signals synthesized based on the contents of each memory described above are converted into analog signals by a D/A converter 62 and outputted (OUT) as musical sounds.

(Effects of the invention) According to the electronic musical instrument according to the invention, musical tones can be synthesized in a short time because musical tones are read out using only addresses created by a frequency divider and a counter. Furthermore, since the memory required for each musical instrument is only spectral data up to the Nth order and envelope data, it has an excellent feature such as being able to use a small memory capacity.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a graph to explain the envelope of an instrument sound, Figure 2 is a graph showing the envelope of the low range side of the piano, Figure 3 is a graph showing the envelope of the high range side of the piano, and Figures 4 to 4 are graphs showing the envelope of the piano's high range side. Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a block diagram, Figure 5 is a pulse waveform diagram in the harmonic synthesis section, and Figure 6 is the data content stored in each memory. . 1: First memory, 2: Harmonic synthesis section, 3:
Harmonic spectrum memory, 4: second memory, 5: envelope control section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] a harmonic synthesizer including a first memory for storing a sine wave function; a harmonic spectrum memory group capable of arbitrarily setting the harmonic content of the signal to be output from the harmonic synthesizer; A second memory for storing the signal from the wave synthesis section, and the envelope of the signal to be output from the second memory can be controlled by the pitch designation signal from the keyboard and the instrument sound selection signal from the instrument selector. An electronic musical instrument characterized by comprising: an envelope control section configured as shown in FIG.