JPH0136062Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a shell-and-tube type water-cooled condenser that passes cooling water through the tubes.

In container refrigeration equipment, if the water-cooled condenser is a shell-and-tube type, with cooling water flowing in the tube and refrigerant flowing in the shell, the cooling water in the tube freezes during cold weather, causing the tube to break. To prevent this, it is necessary to drain the cooling water inside the tube after performing water cooling operation. For this reason, place the cooling water inlet side down.
The outlet side is placed upwards (the outlet side fitting usually uses a self-sealing coupler that closes when disconnected and opens only when connected, and the inlet side fitting usually does not have a gate valve) and water-cooled condensation. It is necessary to have a structure that does not allow the water channel to go up and down, including inside the vessel. Except for the inside of the water-cooled condenser, either a drain tank is installed on the outlet side, or the inlet and outlet sides are
By connecting the water-cooled condenser with another pipe (capillary pipe) that bypasses it, it is possible to create a structure that allows for easy discharge, but the required condensing capacity and the refrigeration system's Dimensions based on external dimensions and arrangement of related equipment. Not only is there a restriction on the shape, but the tube position is raised sequentially from the cooling water inlet connection port to the outlet connection port, and it is necessary to create a waterway that does not go up or down midway. This is one of the major constraints when designing a water-cooled condenser.

Figure 1 shows an example of the cross-sectional structure of a water-cooled condenser, in which 1 and 2 are channel covers, 3 and 4 are gaskets, and the channel cover 1 or 2 seals the joint with the end plate 5 or 6. be. 7 is a shell, end plates 5 and 6
are integrated by welding. Numerals 8 to 11 are tubes (cooling water pipes) whose ends are expanded or welded to the end plates 5 and 6.

Here, the cooling water flows from part a to the tube 8 and flows to the tube 9 through the concave water channel e of the water channel cover 2. Below, waterway g → tube 10 → waterway f → tube 11
It flows in this order and is discharged to section b. On the other hand, high temperature, high pressure gas refrigerant enters from part c, tubes 8 to 11.
It condenses due to heat exchange with the cooling water inside, and is discharged to section d as a liquid refrigerant.

2 and 3 show another example of the cooling channel shape of the channel cover 1 in FIG. 1. In other words, Fig. 2 shows a 2-circuit, 12-pass system in which the flow of cooling water (arrow) always maintains a flow above horizontal, and when draining water, all of the cooling water flows downward without pooling. Figure 3 shows a 3-circuit, 8-pass system, and the flow of cooling water (arrows) is up and down, so even when draining water, cooling water may remain in tubes 12 and 13, and in some cases, tube 14. Become. Therefore, in such a waterway structure, tubes 12 and 13, and in some cases tube 14
There is a risk of destruction due to freezing.

The present invention was proposed in view of the above-mentioned points, and its purpose is to maintain the channel in which cooling water remains and the channel in which water can be drained, within the channel cover, even if the channel in the water-cooled condenser goes up and down. An object of the present invention is to provide a water-cooled condenser that can eliminate freeze damage by communicating with the water-cooled condenser.

The present invention is a shell-and-tube type water-cooled condenser that allows cooling water to pass through the tubes, and is characterized in that a bleed port that communicates between the water channels is provided in the partition wall between the water channels formed in the water channel cover. The main idea is that even if the condenser internal waterway goes up and down, the bleed port is provided as described above, so the cooling water in the tube can be reliably discharged from the bottom waterway. . Therefore, tube breakage accidents due to freezing of residual cooling water can be prevented, and design constraints can be significantly relaxed.

The present invention will be explained below based on examples.

Figure 4 shows the configuration of the cooling water passage.
is a water-cooled condenser, 22 is a cooling water inlet fitting, 23 is a cooling water outlet fitting, 24 is a cooling water inlet pipe, 25 is a cooling water outlet pipe, 26 is a peak stock, 27 is a refrigerant inlet pipe, 28 is a refrigerant outlet pipe, 29 , 30 are waterway covers, and the internal structure of the water-cooled condenser 21 is as described above.

5 and 6 show an example of a water channel cover with a bleed port. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the cooling water, and this example is an example of a water channel using a 3-circuit, 8-pass system. Cooling water is supplied to tubes 31a and 31 from the inlet pipe 24 shown in FIG.
b, 31c and enters each tube 32a, 32b, 32c. Similarly 32a, 32b, 32
c → 33a, 33b, 33c → 34a, 34b,
34c→35a.35b, 35c→36a, 36
b, 36c → 37a, 37b, 37c → 38a,
It reaches the cooling water outlet pipe 25 via 38b and 38c. Figure 6 shows the tubes 31a, 31b, 31c of the canal cover and the tube 34.
a, 34b, 34c and 35a, 35b, 35c
This figure shows a cross section of a partition wall of a waterway l, and as shown in the figure, a bleed port s that communicates between the waterways l and m is provided.

When the cooling water inlet fitting 22 and the cooling water outlet fitting 23 are connected to cooling water equipment (not shown) and cooling water is flowing, the water-cooled condenser 2 is connected to the cooling water inlet pipe 27.
The high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant that has entered the refrigerant refrigerant 1 radiates heat to the water side, condenses and liquefies, and is discharged from the refrigerant outlet pipe 28 . At this time, the cooling water flowing through the bleed port s in the water channel in the water-cooled condenser 21 is bypassed, so the bypassed amount does not flow into the tube during this time, and that amount is wasted, but the amount is It can be minimized by making the diameter of the bleed port small enough to prevent clogging with foreign matter, and can be ignored. When the cooling water inlet fitting 22 and the cooling water outlet fitting 23 are separated by cooling water equipment, since the cooling water inlet fitting 22 does not have a gate valve, the water-cooled condenser 21, the cooling water inlet pipe 24, and the cooling water outlet pipe are separated. All of the cooling water remaining in the cooling water inlet fitting 25 is discharged through the cooling water inlet fitting 22. This action is possible by opening the peak stock 26 which communicates with the atmosphere. If the channel structure in the water-cooled condenser is as shown in FIG. 5, cooling water remains in the tubes 35a, 36a, and 36b, but as mentioned above,
By providing this, all the remaining cooling water is drained from the water channel 1 section to the water channel m section consisting of tubes 31a, 31b, and 31c, and does not remain in the condenser.

Therefore, it is possible to completely discharge the cooling water (forcibly or automatically by a mechanism outside the water-cooled condenser), which is necessary to prevent the remaining cooling water from freezing and destroying the water pipes.

In addition, the position of the water piping is raised sequentially from the cooling water inlet piping connection port of the water-cooled condenser to the cooling water outlet piping connection port, thereby eliminating constraints on waterway design that prevent it from moving up and down midway. .

In the above embodiment, a bleed port is provided in the partition wall, but as shown in FIG. 7, a groove may be provided in the end face of the water channel cover to form a bleed port s' between it and the gasket. In this case, there is an effect that processing becomes easier.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional shell-and-tube type water-cooled condenser; Figs. 2 and 3 are views corresponding to the direction A-A in Fig. 4 to 6 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a cooling water passage, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a water channel cover, and FIG. B
The sectional view, FIG. 7, is taken along the line BB in FIG. 5 of another embodiment.
It is a cross-sectional equivalent view. 21...water-cooled condenser, 29,30...channel cover,
l, m... waterway, s, s'... bleed port.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A shell-and-tube type water-cooled condenser that passes cooling water through tubes, characterized in that a bleed port is provided in a partition between the water channels formed in a water channel lid to communicate between the water channels.