JPH0135791Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) This invention consists of three types of parts: a planetary carrier, a pinion gear assembly, and a shaft. This invention relates to an automatic assembly machine for planetary gear assemblies (hereinafter referred to as planetary gear assemblies). Here, the pinion gear assembly includes a pinion gear 1a, a needle roller 1b, and a washer 1, as shown in FIG.
It is made by combining small parts such as c.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, planetary gear assemblies have been assembled manually. To explain this with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the pinion gear assembly 1 has 16 needle rollers 1b arranged inside the pinion gear 1a, and two washers 1c are combined on both the upper and lower sides of the needle rollers 1b. Pinion gear assembly 1 to planetary carrier 7
After inserting the shaft 70 into the hole 7a from the side opening and positioning it coaxially with the hole 7a, the shaft 70 is inserted into both the holes 1 and 7, thereby assembling the shaft 70 into one body. In this case, when assembling the pinion gear assembly 1, apply grease to the inner peripheral surface of the pinion gear 1a in advance,
The needle roller 1b is attached and assembled to this so as not to fall down.

FIG. 9 shows four pinion gear assemblies 1 assembled to a planetary carrier 7 having four holes 7a. The pitch angles θ° of the four holes 7a of this planetary carrier 7 are not set equally, but are set unequally within the range of 88° to 92°. The planetary gear assembly 7 assembled in this manner forms part of a planetary gear group and is incorporated into a shaft 101 of an automatic transmission 100 shown in FIG.

(Problem that the invention attempts to solve) However, with the above method, the pinion gear assembly 1
When assembled to the planetary carrier 7, there is almost no gap in the thickness direction of the pinion gear assembly 1 with respect to the planetary carrier 7, 0.1 to 0.5 mm, so the thin (0.4 mm) washer 1c of the pinion gear assembly 1 is , there is a problem that when inserted into the planetary carrier 7 or when pushed to the assembly position D after insertion, it comes into contact with the planetary carrier 7 and causes a positional shift.

Further, even if grease is applied to the inner surface of the planetary carrier 7 to prevent the needle roller 1b from falling down, the holding force of the grease is unstable, so the needle roller 1b is likely to fall during assembly. In addition, after assembly, the grease protrudes outside and dirt adheres to the assembly, resulting in quality deterioration, and when grease adheres to various parts of the assembly equipment, it obstructs the supply and assembly of washers and the like, leading to equipment trouble.

Even after inserting the pinion gear assembly 1 into the assembly position D of the planetary carrier 7, the thin washer 1c may become misaligned.
and thin washer 1 for pinion gear 1a
It is difficult to center c.

The present invention was devised in view of the above problems, and aims to provide a planetary assembly machine that prevents the pinion gear assembly's washer from slipping and eliminates the above-mentioned problems caused by the use of grease. It is something.

(Means for solving the problem) To achieve this objective, the means of the present invention includes a gear assembly holding device in which a guide shaft on which a pinion gear assembly is mounted can be moved up and down, and a gear assembly holding device that can move forward and backward with respect to the guide shaft, and that can be raised and lowered. a dummy shaft insertion device disposed above the gear assembly holding device for inserting a dummy shaft into the pinion gear assembly; A carrier fixing device that holds the planetary carrier so that it can be rotated and positioned, a driving pin that is movably arranged above the hole position of the planetary carrier, and a shaft supply jig that holds the regular shaft and supplies it directly below the driving pin. It consists of a regular shaft driving device.

(Function) To assemble the planetary gear assembly in an automatic assembly machine having such a configuration, the pinion gear assembly is mounted on the guide shaft of the gear assembly holding device, and in this state, the pinion gear assembly is gripped by the chuck mechanism. Next, the dummy shaft is lowered by the dummy shaft insertion device and inserted into the pinion gear assembly. Then,
The guide shaft is pushed down by the dummy shaft and replaced by the dummy shaft. By this time, the planetary carrier has been rotationally positioned on the carrier fixing device, and the driving pins are fitted into the holes of the planetary carrier to accurately correct the hole positions.

Next, the chuck mechanism moves upward and forward while holding the pinion gear assembly, and moves the pinion gear assembly to the assembly position of the planetary carrier. In this case, since the dummy shaft is inserted into the pinion gear assembly, the needle roller of the pinion gear assembly is stably held by the dummy shaft without falling down midway, even without applying grease to the inner surface of the pinion gear. .
Also, when the pinion gear assembly is inserted and assembled into the planetary carrier, the pinion gear assembly is assembled while being restrained by the chuck mechanism, so that the washer does not become misaligned with respect to the pinion gear.

When the pinion gear assembly is brought to the assembly position of the planetary carrier, the driving pin above the planetary carrier is lowered by a predetermined amount, and the pinion gear is moved to the hole position of the planetary carrier.
The center alignment of the washers is performed accurately. When alignment is completed, the driving pin is raised again, and the shaft supply jig supplies a regular shaft directly below the driving pin. Thereafter, as the driving pin descends, the regular shaft is driven into the planetary carrier and pinion gear assembly, replacing the dummy shaft.

In this way, when one pinion gear assembly is integrally assembled at the hole position of the planetary carrier, each of the above-mentioned components returns to the original starting position, and the planetary carrier on the carrier fixing device moves to the next hole. rotationally positioned. After this, the pinion gear assembly is integrally assembled to the planetary carrier in the same manner as above. That is, in the assembling machine of the present invention, the above-mentioned operations are repeated a number of times corresponding to the number of holes in the planetary carrier, thereby completing the automatic assembly of the planetary gear assembly.

This invention eliminates manual work and achieves complete automation in the assembly of planetary gear assemblies, uses a dummy shaft to prevent the needle roller from falling over, and uses a chuck mechanism to grip and assemble the pinion gear assemblies. This prevents the washer from shifting, and also improves product quality by aligning the pinion gear assembly with the planetary carrier and driving the regular shaft.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the automatic assembly machine for planetary gear assemblies according to the present embodiment includes a conveying pallet device 2 as a gear assembly holding means for holding and fixing a pinion gear assemblies 1, and A chuck mechanism 4 coupled to a movable assembly unit 3, and a dummy shaft supply and recovery device 6 that inserts a dummy shaft 5 into the pinion gear assembly 1 on the conveying pallet device 2 and also functions as a recovery means for the dummy shaft 5. , regular shaft driving in which the regular shaft 9 is driven into the assembly pallet device 8 as a means for rotationally positioning and holding the planetary carrier 7, and the pinion gear assembly 1 carried to the planetary carrier 7 and its assembly position D. The device is generally composed of a device 10.

The pallet conveying device 2 has a pallet base 12 mounted on a pallet guide rail 11 with positioning pins 1.
3, the pallet base 12 is fixed in position.
A needle roller guide shaft 14 mounted on the upper part of the needle roller so as to be movable up and down is resiliently biased upward by a spring 16 fixed to a spring presser 15. The pinion gear assembly 1 mounted on the guide shaft 14 is mounted and supported by a pinion gear assembly receiving member 17. The upper end of the guide shaft 14 is formed in a tapered shape with a reduced diameter, and a notch groove is formed in the portion of the tapered upper end on the side of the chuck mechanism 4. As shown in FIG. 6, the pinion gear assembly 1 includes a cylindrical pinion gear 1a, 16 needle rollers 1b arranged on the inner periphery of the pinion gear 1a, and two rollers on both the upper and lower sides of the pinion gear 1a. It consists of a washer 1c.

The assembly unit 3 includes a vertical air cylinder 19 that is supported by a bracket 18 and moves the chuck mechanism 4 up and down, and a front and rear air cylinder that is supported via a bracket 20 thereon and moves the chuck mechanism 4 forward and backward toward the conveying pallet device 2 side. 21, an adjustment bolt 22 fixed to the rear end of the movable shaft 21a of the front and rear air cylinders 21 so as to be adjustable in position, an intermediate position stopper 23 provided so as to be able to come into contact with the adjustment bolt 22, and the intermediate position stopper 23. It consists of a supporting frame 24. Chuck mechanism 4
is at the chuck position B corresponding to the pinion gear assembly 1 on the conveying pallet device 2, the adjustment bolt 22 comes into contact with the intermediate position stopper 23, so that the forward movement of the front and rear air cylinders 21 is restricted. ing.

The chuck mechanism 4 includes a chuck bracket 26 connected to the front and rear air cylinders 21 and supporting the air chuck body 25, a pair of left and right chuck pawls 27 that are connected to the air chuck body 25 and gripping the pinion gear assembly 1, and a left and right chuck pawl 27. On the other hand, there is an upper and lower chuck pawl 28 which is slidably provided in the direction of the tip and which restricts the vertical movement of the pinion gear assembly 1, an L-shaped bracket 29 fixed to the upper part of the chuck bracket 26, and the L-shaped bracket 29. A guide shaft 3 is fixed to the guide shaft 3 and has a tip slidably penetrating the vertical surface of the upper and lower chuck claws 28.
0, and a spring 31 which is mounted on the guide shaft 30 and resiliently urges the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 toward the conveying pallet device 2 with respect to the L-shaped bracket 29. The upper and lower chuck pawls 28 have protrusions 32, and the upper and lower corners of the tip sides of the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 are chamfered. Upper and lower chuck claws 2
The lower side of the pinion gear assembly 8 serves as a mounting portion for the pinion gear assembly 1, and a notch corresponding to the needle roller guide shaft 14 is formed at the tip thereof (see FIG. 2). The left and right chuck pawls 27 are formed to have a shape and thickness commensurate with the shape and thickness of the pinion gear assembly 1, and are opened and closed by the operation of the air chuck body 25. When the pinion gear assembly 1 is gripped by the left and right chuck pawls 27, the movement of the pinion gear assembly 1 in the left and right directions is reliably regulated.

The dummy shaft supply and recovery device 6 is installed on a machine body 34 on a pedestal 33, and is composed of a dummy shaft front and rear unit 35 and a dummy shaft insertion unit 36. The dummy shaft front and rear unit 35 includes a dummy shaft chuck 37 which is arranged at a height between chuck position B and assembly position D of the pinion gear assembly 1 and holds the dummy shaft 5 slidably in the vertical direction; A bracket 38 that supports the dummy shaft chuck 37 at its lower end.
and a dummy shaft front and rear air cylinder 39 for moving the bracket 38 forward and backward toward the assembly pallet device 8. The dummy shaft insertion unit 36 is arranged coaxially with the guide shaft 14 above the chuck position B of the pinion gear assembly 1, and the dummy shaft insertion pin 4 inserts the dummy shaft 5 into the pinion gear assembly 1.
0, and a vertical cylinder 41 that moves the dummy shaft insertion pin 40 up and down.

The assembling pallet device 8 includes an assembling pallet 43 disposed on the assembling pallet conveying rail 42, and an assembling pallet 43 disposed on the assembling pallet conveying rail 42.
a positioning pin 44 for positioning and fixing, an index jig 45 rotatably provided on the assembly pallet 43 via a bearing 45a and to which the planetary carrier 7 is mounted;
a planetary carrier receiver 46 that supports the planetary carrier 7 attached to the index jig 45; The index cylinder 50 is connected to the lower part of the index cylinder 50 via an index bar 49 and rotates the index jig 45. As shown in FIG. 3, four V-grooves 51 are formed on the outer periphery of the flange portion 47 of the index jig 45, and the V-grooves 51 have an angle of approximately 90° corresponding to the asymmetrical pitch of the hole of the planetary carrier 7. They are arranged at positions separated by phases θ ₁ °, θ ₂ °, θ ₃ °, and θ ₄ °. By engaging the positioning pin 52 with the V-groove 51 by the force of the spring 53, the rotational direction of the planetary carrier 7 can be accurately positioned. In addition, 54 in FIG. 3 is a pin holder, and 55 is an adjustment bolt.

The regular shaft driving device 10 includes a shaft separation fixing jig 10 that accommodates the regular shaft 9, and a shaft separation moving jig 57 that moves the shaft separation fixing jig 10 to a position corresponding to the assembly position D.
, a cylinder 58 that moves the jig 57, a shaft transport chute 59 connected to the shaft separation fixing jig 56, and a regular shaft 9 located directly above the assembly position D to the planetary carrier 7 and pinion gear assembly 1. a driving pin 60 to be inserted into the driving pin 60; an air cylinder 61 for raising and lowering the driving pin 60;
It consists of a shaft positioning pusher 62 that smoothly guides the raising and lowering movement of the driving pin 60. .

Next, the operation of the above structure assembling machine will be explained.

In this embodiment, the chuck mechanism 4 moves in this order from a start position A, a chuck position B, a raised position C, an assembly position D, and a retreated position E as shown in FIG. Assemble to Lee Carrier 7. After one pinion gear assembly 1 is assembled to the planetary carrier 7, the planetary carrier 7 is indexed by the index cylinder 50, and the pinion gear assembly 1 is assembled to the next hole. By repeating the above operation four times, the pinion gear assembly 1 is assembled into each of the four holes of the planetary carrier 7. A cycle diagram of the operation of each component is shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the operation of the device of the present invention will be explained in detail in accordance with the order of operation.

Pinion gear assembly 1 consisting of pinion gear 1a, needle roller 1b and thin washer 1c
is placed and fixed on the pinion gear assembly receiving member 17 of the conveying pallet device 2 in the previous process. In this case, a needle roller guide shaft 14 is fitted inside the needle roller 1b of the pinion gear assembly 1 to prevent the needle roller 1b from falling. Therefore, no grease is applied to the inner surface of the pinion gear 1a.

Movement from start position A to chuck position B First, the front and rear air cylinders 21 of the assembly unit 3
As a result, the chuck mechanism 4 moves forward toward the conveying pallet device 2, and when the adjustment bolt 22 of the front and rear air cylinders 21 hits the intermediate position stopper 23, the forward movement of the chuck mechanism 4 is stopped. When the chuck mechanism 4 is stopped, the pair of left and right chuck pawls 27 have moved to the chuck position B of the pinion gear assembly 1, and the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 grip the pinion gear assembly 1 on both upper and lower sides.

Operation at chuck position B Next, air chuck body 2 for left and right chuck pawls
5, the pair of left and right chuck pawls 27 close and chuck the pinion gear assembly 1 from both the left and right sides. At this time, the lower part of the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 hits the guide shaft 14 of the conveying pallet device 2, and the spring 16 is in a shortened state. Therefore, both lower ends of the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 enter between the pinion gear assembly receiving member 17 and the needle roller guide shaft 14 (see FIG. 2).

Next, the dummy shaft insertion pin 40 of the dummy shaft insertion unit 36 is lowered to remove the dummy shaft 5 held by the dummy shaft chuck 37.
is pushed down, and the inner surface of the hole at the lower end of the dummy shaft 5 fits and contacts the tapered upper end of the needle roller guide shaft 14. After the contact, the dummy shaft 5 descends while being accurately and smoothly guided by the guide shaft 14, and the dummy shaft 5 is inserted into the pinion gear assembly 1. dummy shaft 5
By the time the dummy shaft 5 descends to the insertion completion position, the lower tips of the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 have fitted into the grooves of the guide shaft 14 for the needle roller, so the lower end surface of the dummy shaft 5 is smoothly moved by the lower tips of the upper and lower chuck pawls 28. It will be accepted. It is to be noted that whether or not the lower end of the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 has fitted into the groove is checked by a proximity switch (not shown).

Before the end of the lower end of the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 finishes receiving the lower end surface of the dummy shaft 5, the shaft driving pin 60 is lowered by the air cylinder 61 for shaft driving and is inserted into the hole of the planetary carrier 7 on the assembly pallet device 8. The pin 60 is inserted into the position of the planetary carrier 7. This positioning of the planetary carrier 7 is intended to improve the reliability of the assembly machine of the present invention, and the hole position of the planetary carrier 7 can be accurately positioned by rotating the index jig 45.

Operation from chuck position B to ascending position C to assembly position When the dummy shaft 5 is inserted into the pinion gear assembly 1 on the conveying pallet device 2, the front and rear air cylinders 39 of the dummy shaft supply and recovery device 6 move the dummy shaft The chuck 37 advances toward the assembly pallet device 8 and moves to just below the assembly position D of the planetary carrier 7. On the other hand, the pinion gear assembly 1 held by the chuck mechanism 4 is
The assembly unit 3 is moved to the raised position C by the operation of the upper and lower air cylinders 19, and in this state, the adjustment bolt 22 of the front and rear air cylinders 21 is completely removed from the intermediate position stopper 23.

When the pinion gear assembly 1 reaches the raised position C corresponding to the planetary carrier 7, the front and rear air cylinders 21 of the assembly unit 3 move forward. Even if the pinion gear assembly 1 receives a shock when the chuck mechanism 4 moves up and forward, the left and right chuck pawls 27 and the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 prevent the dummy shaft 5, thin washer 1c, and needle roller 1b from being displaced. When the front and rear air cylinders 21 of the assembly unit 3 move forward and the protrusion 37 of the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 comes into contact with the upper and lower chuck pawl stoppers 63 of the machine body 34, a part of the pinion gear assembly 1 is moved toward the planetary carrier 7. As the front and rear air cylinders 21 continue to move forward by a predetermined amount, the pinion gear assembly 1
is transferred from the upper and lower chuck pawls 28 to the assembly position D of the planetary carrier 7. Left and right chuck claws 27
When inserted into the opening of the planetary carrier 7, even if the left and right chuck claws 27 are slightly displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the opening, this is absorbed by the chamfered portions at the ends of the left and right chuck claws 27. Also,
The pinion gear assembly 1 has upper and lower chuck pawls 28,
Since it is transferred to the planetary carrier 7 while being gripped by the left and right chuck pawls 27, the washer 1c of the pinion gear assembly 1 is transferred to the pinion gear 1a.
The assembly moves smoothly to the proper assembly position D without being displaced.

Operation at assembly position D With the pinion gear assembly 1 moved to assembly position D, position the shaft positioning pusher 62, the hole in the planetary carrier 7, and the thin washers 1c on both the upper and lower sides of the pinion gear assembly 1. In order to do this accurately, the shaft driving pin 60 is lowered and inserted again to accurately correct the displacement of the thin washer 1c. The lowering of the shaft driving pin 60 pushes down the dummy shaft 5 by a slight amount, and as a result, as shown in FIG. Alignment is performed.

By the time the positioning using the shaft driving pin 60 is completed, the shaft separation moving jig 57 has moved to the position directly below the shaft driving pin 60.
Thereafter, by lowering the shaft driving pin 60, the regular shaft 9 of the shaft separation moving jig 57 is driven into the planetary carrier 7 and pinion gear assembly 1, and both 7 and 1 are fixed together. As the regular shaft 5 is driven into the planetary carrier 7 and the pinion gear assembly 1, the dummy shaft 5 is pushed out below the pinion gear assembly 1 and is gripped by the dummy shaft chuck 37. The chuck 37 that has collected the dummy shaft 5 retreats toward the conveying pallet device 2 and returns to its original position.

Operation from assembly position D to return position E and back to start position A. After driving the regular shaft 9, the left and right chuck pawls 27
opens, and the front and rear air cylinders 21 of the assembly unit 3 open.
As a result, the chuck mechanism 4 performs a backward movement and moves to position E. When the chuck mechanism 4 is retracted from the assembly pallet device 8, the index jig 45 is rotated by 90 degrees by the index cylinder 50.
When the index jig 45 stops rotating, the rotation positioning pin 52 enters and engages the V-groove 51 of the flange portion 47 by the spring 53, and moves the planetary carrier 7 on the index jig 45 to the next hole position. It also comes. This is because there is a play of ±2 degrees to ±3 degrees between the index bar 49 and the index jig 45, so by engaging the rotary positioning pin 52 with the V groove 51, the index jig can be adjusted. 45 can be accurately positioned and fixed in the circumferential direction. During this time, the chuck mechanism 4 descends from the retreat position E and returns to the original starting position A.

By repeating the above operations three times, the assembly of the pinion gear assembly 1 to the four locations of the planetary carrier 7 is completed.

After the assembly is completed, the planetary gear assembly is sent to the next step by the assembly pallet device 8, and is completely fixed by caulking both the upper and lower ends of the regular shaft 9.

When assembling planetary gear assemblies using this device, it took about 20 seconds for each assembly.
This greatly improves productivity compared to conventional manual processing. In addition, in the past, foreign matter such as needle rollers and cutting powder adhered to the protruding grease and got into the gears and bearings of various parts during tests after the transmission was assembled or when driving the car, causing gear damage and bearing wear. However, since this device does not require grease, this problem is eliminated.

(Effects of the invention) As described in detail above, according to the invention, the pinion gear assembly is carried to the assembly position of the planetary carrier while being gripped by the chuck mechanism, so that the assembly does not shift during assembly as in the conventional case. This can be reliably prevented. Inserting the dummy shaft stably holds the needle roller and eliminates the need for grease, making it possible to prevent equipment troubles and poor assembly caused by foreign matter adhesion when conventional grease is used. In addition, since the regular shaft can be driven in after accurately centering the pinion gear assembly relative to the planetary carrier using a driving pin, manual alignment, which was previously troublesome, is no longer required, and the assembly accuracy of the pinion gear assembly is improved. will improve.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall sectional view showing the automatic assembly machine of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan sectional view showing the main parts of the chuck mechanism shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is the main parts of the indexing jig shown in Fig. 1. 4 is an operating cycle diagram of the automatic assembly machine of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the main parts of the regular shaft driving device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a diagram of the pinion gear assembly. Exploded view, Figure 7 is a sectional view showing the state when the pinion gear assembly is assembled to the planetary carrier, and Figure 8 is the
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a completed state of assembly of the pinion gear assembly, and FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing a transmission into which the planetary gear assembly is assembled. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Pinion gear assembly, 1a...Pinion gear, 1b...Needle roller, 1c...Washer, 2...Transport pallet device (gear assembly holding device), 3...Assembly unit, 4...Chuck mechanism, 5... ...Dummy shaft, 6...Dummy shaft supply and recovery device (dummy shaft insertion device),
7... Planetary carrier, 8... Assembly pallet device (carrier fixing device), 9... Regular shaft, 10... Regular shaft driving device, 14...
Guide shaft, 27... Left and right chuck claws, 36
...Dummy shaft insertion unit, 57...Shaft separation moving jig (shaft supply jig), 60...
...Drive pin.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A gear assembly holding device is provided with a guide shaft on which a pinion gear assembly having a needle roller and a washer is mounted so as to be movable up and down, and the gear assembly holding device is provided so as to be movable up and down and movable up and down with respect to the gear assembly, and the pinion gear assembly is mounted and held thereon. a chuck mechanism; a dummy shaft insertion device disposed above the gear assembly holding device for inserting a dummy shaft into the pinion gear assembly; and a dummy shaft insertion device disposed within the operating area of the chuck mechanism to rotatably hold the planetary carrier. and a regular shaft driving device having a driving pin movably arranged above the hole position of the planetary carrier and a shaft supplying jig for supplying the regular shaft directly below the driving pin. A planetary gear assembly automatic assembly machine featuring: