JPH01321101A - Throw away chip - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make cutting of compound material with deep cutting and superior surface accuracy, by installing the first cutting edge to which honing is done and the second cutting edge without honing along the feeding direction, and making the tip of the latter project farther than the tip of the former in cutting direction. CONSTITUTION:As for a chip 10 its upper face 12 is made rake face, a cutting edge 13 is formed on each ridge line portion, and the first cutting edge 15 and the second cutting edge 16 are formed at a corner portion 14 along the feeding direction F. As honing is done to the cutting edge 15 and not done to the cutting edge 16, it is so constituted that the tip of the cutting edge 16 projects farther than the tip of the cutting edge 15 in cutting direction within a range X from 0.01 to 0.1mm. According to feeding of the chip 10, rough cutting is made first by the cutting edge 15 to which honing is being done and which is superior in strength, and subsequently finish cutting is made by the cutting edge 16 which is superior in deposition property, for example even in case of deep cutting of compound material consisting of cast iron and aluminium chipping does not occur to the cutting edge 16.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an indexable tip suitable for cutting a composite material of iron and aluminum, in particular.

[Background Art] In recent years, various composite materials, in which different metals are integrally cast or one metal is fitted with another metal, have been used as constituent members of various types of equipment.

FIGS. 24 and 25 show an example of this type of composite material, and this composite material W has a cylindrical shape in which cast iron 1 is cast into aluminum 2. To finish such a composite material W to a specified outer diameter, as shown in FIG. 26, while rotating the composite material W around its axis 0, cast iron 1 and aluminum 2, which are different metals, are mixed. , it is necessary to simultaneously cut with the indexable tip (hereinafter abbreviated as the tip) 3 attached to the tool holder A.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in general, when cutting cast iron 1, sufficient cutting edge strength is required from the viewpoint of preventing chipping of the cutting edge, whereas when cutting aluminum 2, it is rather necessary to have sufficient strength from the viewpoint of anti-welding property. Good sharpness is required. Therefore, when selecting the tip 3 used for cutting such composite material W, these cast iron! There were various problems due to the difference in machinability between aluminum and aluminum 2.

That is, the cutting edge 5 as shown in FIGS. 27 and 29
When using the tip 6 that has been honed, there is no similar problem when cutting cast iron 1, but when cutting aluminum 2, welding occurs on the cutting edge 5, resulting in a decrease in the surface accuracy of the workpiece W. The drawback was that it significantly worsened the situation.

On the other hand, when using a tip 8 whose cutting edge 7 is not honed as shown in FIGS. 28 and 30, there is no problem in cutting the aluminum 2, but
There was a drawback that chipping occurred on the cutting edge 7 when cutting the cast iron 1.

Incidentally, in order to cut the composite material W with this tip 8 without causing chipping of the cutting edge 7, the depth of cut should be set to 0.
．． It had to be a very small amount of about 0.02 nIm to 0.05 mm, and it was difficult to say that it was practical in terms of processing efficiency.

This invention aims to solve the above problems.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The chip of the present invention has a first cutting edge that is honed sequentially along the feed direction and a second cutting edge that is not honed, on the ridgeline of the rake face. A blade is provided, and the tip of the second cutting blade projects further in the cutting direction than the tip of the first cutting blade.

Further, in another invention, each of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge is formed by a convex curved cutting edge, or the second cutting edge is formed with a stepped portion on the tip side of the first cutting edge. A cutting edge is formed, and at least one of the first and second cutting edges is formed by a straight cutting edge, and the second cutting edge is moved 0.01 mm toward the cutting direction side from the first cutting edge.
-0.11I+m, or the second cutting edge is provided at the tip of the first cutting edge across an obtuse angle from the first cutting edge, and the first and second cutting edges are At least one of the cutting edges is formed by a straight cutting edge.

[Function] With the tip configured as above, when cutting a composite material,
In both cases, rough cutting is performed by the first cutting edge, which is honed and has excellent strength as the insert is fed.
Then, finishing cutting is performed by a second cutting blade, which is located immediately after the first cutting blade and has excellent anti-welding properties. Therefore, the composite material can be cut with a deep cut and excellent finished surface accuracy. Furthermore, by appropriately setting the amount of protrusion of the second cutting blade relative to the first cutting blade, occurrence of chipping on the second cutting blade can be prevented.

[Example 1] Figures 1 to 5 show an example of the chip of the present invention.

1 to 3, this chip 10 is made of cemented carbide or the like and has a substantially square plate shape in appearance, and has a mounting hole 10a bored in the center. The tip 10 has a flat lower surface 11 serving as a seating surface, and an upper surface 12 serving as a rake surface, and cutting edges 13 are formed at each ridgeline portion of the upper surface 12.

Further, in a corner part 14 between these cutting edges 13, a first cutting edge i that is connected to the cutting edge 13 and has a convex curve shape is provided.
5 and a second cutting edge 16 are sequentially formed from the front side to the rear side in the feeding direction F of this chip IO.

Here, the first cutting edge 15 is honed, while the second cutting edge 16 is not honed. These first and second cutting edges 15.16 are
The second cutting blade! The tip of the first cutting blade I5 is formed so as to protrude further toward the cutting direction than the tip of the first cutting blade I5 by an amount indicated by X in the figure.

The appropriate range of this protrusion amount X varies somewhat depending on the type of workpiece material, cutting conditions, etc., but
, Iml is preferably within the range of 11, and furthermore, in normal cutting of a composite material made of aluminum 2 in which cast iron is cast, it is 0.02 mm to 0.05 m.
It is preferable to set it within the range of n+.

If the protrusion ff1X is less than 0.01 mm, finishing cutting by the cutting blade 16 described later will not be performed sufficiently,
This is because no improvement in finished surface accuracy can be expected, and on the other hand, if it exceeds 0,1 II+n, the cutting edge 16 may protrude too much and cause chipping.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the tip 10 having the above structure is attached to a cutting tool holder and the composite material W is cut, it is first honed and strengthened according to the feed of the tip IO. Excellent first cutting edge! Rough cutting is performed by step 5. The surface cut by the first cutting edge 15 is then finished by a second cutting edge 16 located immediately after the first cutting edge 15 and having excellent anti-welding properties.

Therefore, according to such a chip IO, it is possible to cut a composite material W made of cast iron 1 and aluminum 2 with a deep cutting depth and excellent finishing surface accuracy, and therefore, this type of composite material can be cut with a reasonable feed rate. Can be cut at high speed. Furthermore, the second cutting edge 1 with respect to the first cutting edge 15
The protrusion amount X of 6 is 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm as described above.
If set appropriately within the range of , the second cutting edge 1
6, no chipping occurs.

[Other Embodiments ■] Figures 6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the chip of the present invention.・It's a chip.

The tip 20 has a flat lower surface 2I as a seating surface, and an upper surface 22 as a rake surface, and a honed main cutting edge 23 is formed at each ridgeline portion of the upper surface 22. A corner portion 24 between these main cutting edges 23
A linear first cutting edge 25 is formed in each of the main cutting edges 23 at an obtuse angle to the tip 23a of the main cutting edge 23, and is similarly honed. In addition, this first cutting edge 25
A straight second cutting edge 27 that is not honed is formed on the tip side of the cutting edge 26 via a stepped portion 26 . The tip end of the second cutting edge 27 is connected to the base end 23b of the adjacent main cutting edge 23.

Here, the distance X between the first cutting edge 25 and the second cutting edge 27 also varies somewhat depending on the type of work material, cutting conditions, etc., but the cutter body has a predetermined axial rake angle. For the same reason as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, when the
It is desirable to set it within the range of +u+,
Furthermore, a composite material W made by casting the cast iron 1 into aluminum 2
Similarly, in the normal cutting process of 0.02sv
It is preferable to set it within the range of ~0.0511II11.

Even with the chip 20 having the above configuration, the same effects as those shown in the first embodiment can be obtained.

[Other Embodiments ■] Figures 9 to 11 show a third embodiment of the tip of the present invention, and this tip 30 is a positive tip having a main cutting edge 32 on which a honing 3I is formed. It is.

At the tip of the main cutting edge 32 of this chip 30, a ridge line that intersects with the main cutting edge 32 has a predetermined length B from the main cutting edge 32 side.
The first cutting edge 33 is formed by honing with a predetermined width and an angle α1. A second cutting edge 35 that is not honed is formed on the tip end side of the first cutting edge 33 via a stepped portion 34 .

Note that the step portion 34 is preferably formed into a smooth concave curved shape from the viewpoint of discharging chips.

The tip 30 having the above configuration is used by being attached to a cutter body (not shown) with an axial rake angle A and a front relief angle N. In this case, the axial separation distance xI between the first cutting edge 33 and the second cutting edge 35 in the cutter body is given by the following equation.

X += (jan(A + N) −tanA)・
L Lana, ・cosA By the way, Δ-20°, N
= 10', L=0.12 mm, α, -25°, the separation dimension X is 0.011 ml11 from the above equation.

As a result, the chip 30 of this example can also provide the same effects as the chip IO in the first embodiment described above.

[Other Embodiment III] ' Figures 12 to 14 show a fourth embodiment of the chip of the present invention.

This chip 40 is a positive chip with an approximately square external appearance, and a main cutting edge 42 with a honing 41 at an angle α is formed at each ridgeline portion of the upper surface. The ridgeline part of the corner between these main cutting edges 42, which is not originally honed, has approximately half of the part on the main cutting edge 42 side facing the main cutting edge 42 side with respect to this ridgeline part. Honing is performed at an angle α3 along the direction inclined β1.

As a result, at the tip of the main cutting edge 42, there is a linear first cutting edge 44 that forms an obtuse angle with the main cutting edge 42 and has been honed 43, and an angle (180 °−6
1) and a straight second cutting edge 45 having a length Wl that is not honed and intersects with the cutting edge 1). The honing 43 of the first cutting edge 44 is formed such that its width gradually decreases from the main cutting edge 42 side toward the second cutting edge 45.

According to the tip 40 of this example, in addition to being able to obtain the same effects as those shown in the first to third embodiments, it is also easy to manufacture, and the honing 43 of the first cutting edge 44 Since the width dimension of the second cutting edge 45 becomes smaller as it approaches the second cutting edge 45, it becomes possible to perform cutting with better finished surface accuracy.

[Other Embodiments] Fig. 15 shows a fifth embodiment of the insert of the present invention, and the insert 50 of this example has a honing of the main cutting edge of the insert shown in the fourth embodiment. The blade is formed at an angle of γ so that the size gradually decreases from the distal end to the proximal end.

According to the tip 50 of this example, the length of the main cutting edge 51 is shorter than that shown in the fourth embodiment 1, so it is possible to ensure a relatively longer length of the second cutting edge 52. can.

In the above embodiment, an example was explained in which the chip of the present invention was applied to a square chip IO, 20, 30, 40, 50, but the present invention is not limited to this. A linear first cutting edge 62 that is honed and a linear second cutting edge 63 that is not honed are arranged at the tip of the main cutting edge 61 that is honed. The chip 60 may have a triangular shape formed through the portion 64 . Further, the shape may be a parallelogram, a rhombus, a rectangle, or any other polygon, and the first and second cutting edges as described above may be formed only on a portion of the ridgeline.

Further, in the above embodiments, the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are linear, but the invention is not limited to this, and the first cutting edge as shown in FIG. Cutting blade 7! is a straight line and the second cutting edge 72 is a convex curved tip 70
Alternatively, a chip 80 as shown in FIG. 18 may be used, in which the first cutting edge 81 has a convex curve shape and the second cutting edge 82 has a straight shape.

Furthermore, as in the chip 90 shown in FIG.
After forming the chamfered portion 91 between the main cutting edge 42 and the first cutting edge 44 of the insert 40 shown in FIGS.
As in the tip 95 shown in FIG. 0, the tip 90 may further have a recess 96 formed at the tip of the second cutting edge 45.

In addition, in the description of the above embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the effects are shown when the composite material W is cut by attaching the chip IO etc. to the tool holder H, but the invention is not limited to this. do not have.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, when cutting a prismatic composite material W made of aluminum 2 in which cast iron I is embedded, with a face milling cutter as shown in FIG. A chip 10 or the like according to the present invention can be used.

That is, in FIG. 23, reference numeral 100 indicates a milling cutter body having a substantially cylindrical external appearance, and a plurality of tip mounting seats 101 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at the tip of this milling cutter body +00. It is formed by separating the Then, the above-mentioned insert IO is mounted on each insert mounting seat 101, with its main cutting edge 13 located on the outer circumferential side, the first cutting edge 15 located on the tip side of the main cutting edge 13, and this first cutting edge A second cutting blade is located on the tip side of the blade 15 and on the rear side in the feed direction F! 7 and is detachably attached.

Even when cutting the composite material W with such a face milling cutter, the first cutting edge 15, which is honed and has excellent strength, performs rough cutting according to the feed of the tip IO. The surface cut by the first cutting edge 15 is then finished by a second cutting edge 17 located immediately after the first cutting edge 15 and having excellent anti-welding properties.

Therefore, even with a face milling cutter equipped with such a tip 10, it is possible to cut a composite material W made of cast iron 1 and aluminum 2 with a deep cut and excellent finishing surface accuracy.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the insert of the present invention has a first cutting edge which is honed sequentially along the feed direction and a second cutting edge which is not honed, on the ridgeline of the rake face. A cutting blade is provided, and the tip of the second cutting blade is made to protrude further in the cutting direction than the tip of the first cutting blade, and the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade are Both are formed by a convex curved cutting edge, or a second cutting edge is formed on the tip side of the first cutting edge via a step, and at least one of the first and second cutting edges is formed. is formed by a straight cutting edge, and the second cutting edge is 0 in the direction of the cut.
．． If the second cutting blade is protruded within a range of 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm or the second cutting blade is provided at the tip of the first cutting blade across an obtuse angle from the first cutting blade, and at least one of the second cutting edges is formed by a straight cutting edge.

Therefore, according to the tip of the present invention, by attaching it to various tools such as a cutting tool holder and a face milling cutter,
In particular, composite materials made of cast iron and aluminum can be machined with deep cuts and excellent surface finish accuracy without chipping of the cutting edge.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the chip of this invention,
FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a side view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section A in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing the cutting part in FIG. 4, and FIGS. 6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the tip of the present invention, with FIG. 6 being a front view and FIG. 7 being a side view. , Figure 8 is a front view of the tip of the cutting blade, Figures 1 to 5
The drawings show a third embodiment of the tip of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a front view of the tip of the cutting blade, FIG. 10 is a side view of the same, and FIG.
1 is a plan view of the same, FIGS. 12 to 14 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 12 is a front view, FIG. 13 is a side view, and FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a cutting state. 15 is a front view showing a fifth embodiment of the chip of the present invention, and FIG. 16-
Fig. 20 is a front view showing other embodiments of the chip of the present invention, Figs. 21 and 22 show the shape of the composite material, Fig. 21 is a front view, Fig. 22 is a side view,
Fig. 23 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of the tip of the present invention attached to a face milling cutter, Figs. 24 and 25 are views showing an example of a composite material, Fig. 24 is a front view, and Fig. 25 is a side view. 26 is a schematic diagram showing the cutting state, and FIGS. 27 to 30 each show a conventional tip. FIGS. 27 and 28 are front views, and FIG. FIG. 30 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the PtPt line in FIG. 28. l... Cast iron, 2... Aluminum, 10.20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70,
80゜90.95...Chip (throw-away tip), 12.22...Top surface (rake surface),
23.32, 42, 51.61...Main cutting edge, 15.2
5.33, 44, 62, 71.81... First cutting edge (with honing), + 6.27, 3 5, 4
5,5 2,63,7 2.8 2...Second cutting edge (no honing), 26.34.64...
Stepped portion, 31.41.43...Honing, X, X,...
...Separation dimension, F...Feed direction, W.
...Composite material (work material).

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) A first cutting edge that is honed sequentially along the feed direction and a second cutting edge that is not honed are provided on the ridgeline of the rake face, and the second cutting edge is 1. A throw-away tip, characterized in that a tip portion projects further in the cutting direction than the tip portion of the first cutting blade. (2) The throw-away tip according to claim 1, wherein the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are both convexly curved cutting edges. (3) A first honed cutting edge is formed at the tip of the main cutting edge, which has a polygonal plate shape and is honed at the ridgeline of the rake face. A second cutting edge that is not honed is provided on the tip side of the first cutting edge via a step, and at least one of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge is formed into a straight line. A throw-away tip characterized by being formed by a cutting edge. (4) The amount of protrusion of the second cutting blade in the cutting direction with respect to the first cutting blade is within a range of 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm. Throwaway tips listed. (5) The tip of the main cutting edge, which has a polygonal plate shape and is honed on the ridgeline of the rake face, has a first honing that forms an obtuse angle with the main cutting edge. A second cutting edge is formed at the tip of the first cutting edge at an obtuse angle with the first cutting edge and is not honed. A throw-away tip characterized in that at least one of the second cutting edges is formed by a straight cutting edge. (6) The honing of the first cutting edge is formed such that the width thereof gradually decreases from the main cutting edge side to the second cutting edge side. Throwaway tip. (7) The throw-away tip according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the honing of the main cutting edge is formed such that the width thereof gradually decreases from the distal end to the proximal end.