JPH01321040A - Forging machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To set a large feed rate and to improve productivity by setting a prescribed angle of rotation to rotate a material to be forged by a manipulator every draft to a value according to a radial forging condition. CONSTITUTION:A control panel 30 is connected with a control circuit 29 and switches, etc., of the control panel 30 are operated to set an angle of rotation to a desired value. The control circuit 29 outputs a driving signal corresponding to the set angle and supplies it to a driving motor 25. The driving motor 25 rotates according to an inputted driving signal, this rotation is transmitted to a driving shaft 20 and the driving shaft 20 is rotated by a set angle. Every time one draft is completed, the material to be forged is sent by a transfer device in its axial direction at a specified feed rate to a forging machine side and at the same time the material to be forged is rotated by the driving motor 25 round its axis by a set angle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a forging device, and particularly to a forging device that simultaneously presses down, for example, four anvils arranged at equal positions in the circumferential direction of a to-be-forged material. Related to forging and stretching equipment.

(Prior art) A forged material held by a manipulator device is simultaneously rolled down by an anvil from multiple directions orthogonal to its axial direction, and the forged material is forged (reduced in diameter, tapered, etc.) by swaging. Forging equipment for this purpose is well known. Figures 1 to 3
The figure shows such a forging device, and a forged material 10 heated to a forging temperature in a heating furnace (not shown) is held alternately by the front manipulator device 3 and the rear manipulator device 5 of the forging device 1, and is held in a cantilevered state. It is sent to the forging machine 4. The forging machine 4 includes four anvils 4a to 4d arranged at equal positions on the outer circumference of the material to be forged 10, that is, at intervals of 90'', and these anvils 4a to 4d are perpendicular to the axial direction of the material to be forged 10. simultaneously move in the direction and roll down the forged material 10. Then,
Each time the anvils 4a to 4d are pressed down once, the manipulator device 3 or 5 advances toward the forging machine 4 and moves the forged material 10 by a predetermined distance in the axial direction, that is, in the direction indicated by arrow Y in FIG. At the same time, after rotating by a predetermined angle θ in the direction indicated by the arrow X in FIG. 2, the rolling down by the anvils 4a to 4d is repeated again. In this way, the material 10 to be forged is passed through the forging machine 4 a predetermined number of times to be forged and elongated to a desired outer diameter.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In order to increase the forging speed of such forging device 1 and improve production efficiency, the reduction amount per pass of the forged material 10 (forging elongation rate 5 area reduction rate) and/or It is better to increase the feed rate.

However, for example, if the rotation angle of the material to be forged by the manipulator device is kept constant and the feed rate of the material to be forged is simply increased, as the feed rate increases, slipping occurs between the chuck device of the manipulator device and the material to be forged.
As a result of the same position of the forged material being repeatedly rolled down, the convex shape of the forged material becomes large, making it impossible to increase the feed rate arbitrarily.

In addition, in the initial pass, the rotation angle of the forged material is set large to increase the reduction amount to efficiently forge and elongate the forged material, and in the finishing pass, the rotation angle is set small to improve the finished surface of the forged material. It is desirable to reduce the unevenness of the surface. However, if the rotation angle for each reduction of the material to be forged by the manipulator device is always a constant value and cannot be changed, it is possible to improve productivity and improve the finished convex shape as described above. Growth cannot be achieved.

The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and even if the feed rate of the material to be forged is set high, slippage does not occur between the chuck device of the manipulator device and the material to be forged, and therefore productivity is improved. It is an object of the present invention to provide a forging device that can improve the forging speed and make the number of reductions per pass (the number of hammer pulls) variable even at the same feed rate.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the present invention, a forged material held by a manipulator device is simultaneously rolled down by an anvil from a plurality of directions perpendicular to its axial direction. , a forging device that forges and stretches a forged material by moving the material to be forged by a predetermined amount in the axial direction and rotating the material by a predetermined rotation angle around the axis each time the manipulator device A forging device is provided, characterized in that the rotation angle can be set to a value depending on forging and stretching conditions.

(Function) As a result of various studies conducted by the inventor, the difference between the maximum possible feed rate and rotation angle of the forged material varies depending on the steel type of the forged material, heating temperature, inclination angle of the contact surface of the anvil, etc. It has been found that there is a close relationship between the two, and if the rotation angle of the forged material is set to the optimum value according to the forging and elongation conditions of the forged material, the feed rate of the forged material can be set to the maximum value. 6 The present invention is based on such knowledge, and includes a manipulator device that rotates the material to be forged to a predetermined rotation angle for each reduction, and sets the rotation angle to a value that corresponds to the forging and stretching conditions of the material to be forged. By doing so, it is possible to set the feed rate of the material to be forged, and therefore the reduction amount, to the maximum value.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

The forging device according to the present invention is no different from conventional forging devices of this type, except that the rotation angle of the material to be forged can be set to a value depending on the forging and stretching conditions.

Therefore, the same components as those of the conventional forging apparatus described in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described with reference to these drawings.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of the manipulator devices 3 and 5, showing only the mechanical part for rotating the material to be forged 10. The material to be forged 10 is gripped at one end of the drive shaft 20 of the manipulator device 3 (5). A chuck device 21 is attached and is hydraulically controlled by a hydraulic device (not shown). A worm gear 23 is fixed at an intermediate position of the drive shaft 2o, and the worm 22 meshes with the worm gear 23. A pulley 24a is attached to the worm 22, and a V-belt 26 is wound between this V-boo'J-24a and a V-pulley 25a of a drive motor 25 that rotationally drives the drive shaft 20. The drive motor 25 is the control circuit 2
9 and rotates according to the input drive signal, and this rotation is transmitted to the drive shaft 20 via the V-belt 26, the worm 24, the worm gear 23, etc.
is rotated by a set angle θ. A brake device 28 comprising a brake drum 28a and a brake shoe device 28b is attached to the other end of the drive shaft 20, and this brake device 28 stops the drive shaft 20 rotated by the drive motor 25 at a predetermined position.

An operation panel 30 is connected to the control circuit 29, and by operating switches (not shown) on the operation panel 30, the rotation angle θ can be set to a desired value. It is configured to output the corresponding above-mentioned drive signal and supply it to the drive motor 25.

FIG. 5 shows how the forged material 10 is successively rolled down by one of the anvils 4a to 4d of the forging machine 4, and shows a cross section of the forged material 10 at a specific axial position of the anvil. The forged material 10 is sent in the axial direction to the forging machine 4 at a predetermined feeding speed by a feeding device (not shown) each time one round of rolling is completed, and at the same time, the material 10 is set around the axis by the drive morph 25. It can be rotated by an angle θ. In FIG. 5, the outer circumferential arc indicates the outer circumferential surface of the forged material 10 before the start of forging, and the inner circumferential arc indicates the outer circumferential surface of the forged material 10 that has been forged and elongated in one pass after forging, and the diagonal line A jl The area indicates the amount of reduction due to the first reduction, and the forging force F of the anvil in this case acts on point 1 of application. Similarly, the shaded BfiJf area is the second time...
..., the diagonal line DSi area indicates the amount of reduction due to each fourth reduction.As the reduction by the anvil progresses, the anvils 4a to 4d
The place where the forged material 10 first contacts moves, and the second time it moves to the 2° point, the third time it moves to the 3° point, and the fourth time it moves to the 4° point.

For example, the point of action 4° where the fourth forging force F first acts
is the distance from the forging center CL passing through the center O of the forged material 10 (
As shown in Fig. 5, the point of application of the forging force is away from the forging center CL in the direction of rotation of the forged material
If the forged material 10 is deflected in a direction opposite to the direction shown by the arrow X in the drawing, a moment will be applied that rotates the forged material 10 in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the forged material 10 during rolling.

The point of application of such forging force F differs depending on the axial position of the anvil. FIG. 6 shows the change in the deviation amount 2 of the point of application of the forging force along the axial position of the anvil, using the rotation angle θ as a parameter (θ1 to θ1, θ1<θ2<θ,).

As is clear from FIG. 6, when the rotation angle θ is small (when the rotation angle is 01), the deviation Ml at each position becomes large, and a large moment acts to rotate the forged material 10 in the opposite direction. I will do it. While the feed rate of the forged material 10 is low, the reduction amount is small, so forging and elongation is possible even when such a large moment acts. However, when the amount of reduction increases with the increase in feed rate, even if the brake device 28 shown in FIG. Inside, you will be rotated in the opposite direction and returned to the original position, and you will have to train in the same position repeatedly.

As a result, the surface shape of the forged material 10 that has been forged and elongated becomes a polygonal surface, and the convex shape of the surface becomes large.

On the other hand, if the rotation angle θ is too large (when the rotation angle is θ), a moment will act to rotate the forged material 10 in the rotation direction X, and in this case as well, the feed Depending on the speed, the convex shape on the outer surface of the forged material becomes large, which is not preferable.

When rotating the forged material lO at the rotation angle θ□, the sixth
As shown in the figure, a positive moment, that is, a moment that rotates the forged material 10 in the direction opposite to the rotational force direction X, is generated in the left half of the anvil, and a negative moment, that is, is generated in the right half of the anvil. , moments for rotation in the same direction are generated, these moments cancel each other out, and the moment due to the forging force F becomes smaller. Therefore, rotational slippage between the material to be forged 10 and the chuck device 21 is reduced, and the feeding speed of the material to be forged 10 can be increased.

The optimum rotation angle θ is set according to various forging and stretching conditions.

These conditions include the steel type of the material to be forged, the outer diameter of the forged part, the forging ratio (reduction amount), the feed rate, the forging temperature, the amount of reduction and the number of reductions per time by the anvil (the number of hammer blows), the shape of the anvil, etc. is included.

Further, when the rotation angle θ is set to a large value, the number of rolling reductions per pass (hammer blow number) is reduced, and locally generated heat (processing heat generation) is quickly dispersed, which is advantageous in performing isothermal forging. On the other hand, if the rotation angle θ is made smaller, the relationship between the feed rate of the forged material 10 and the rotation angle indicates that the forged material 10 is
The strain depth generated at 0 becomes deeper, the internal strain penetration becomes larger, and the number of hammer blows per pass increases.
The ratio of distortion per pass increases. However, the smaller the rotation angle θ is, the more the outer surface of the forged material becomes polygonal and the surface convexity becomes smaller, so it is advantageous to set the rotation angle θ smaller in the finishing bath.

(Example) Cemented carbide 5KD61 material with an outer diameter of 16Qmm was forged at a temperature of 1.
It was heated to 150°C and forged at various feed speeds and rotation angles shown in Table 1, and the outer diameter was reduced to 110 mm in one pass. At this time, an anvil with a contact surface inclined at 4 degrees with respect to the material to be forged was used, and the number of hammer blows was 200 times/min.
Rotation angle 13°.

19@, 26°, feed speed 6m/s+in ・8w/
sin respectively. 12 In Table 1, which evaluates the quality of forging conditions from the finished shape and internal quality of the forged material after forging, ◎ indicates high productivity, and there are no surface scratches, roundness, macrostructure (
○ indicates that the quality of the steel material is good, such as internal training effect), ○ indicates that the productivity is low but the quality of the steel material is good, and × indicates that the steel material has large surface convexities and is old in terms of quality.

Note 1) Unit: m/win (Effect of the invention) As detailed above, according to the forging apparatus of the present invention, the rotation of the forged material by the manipulator device to a predetermined rotation angle for each reduction. By setting the angle to a value that corresponds to the forging conditions of the material to be forged, the feed rate of the material to be forged can be set as high as possible, which improves productivity and the quality of the material to be forged. . Furthermore, even at the same feed speed, the number of hammer blows per pass can be varied, and the degree of forging can be changed for each pass to select the optimal rolling reduction amount.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing the overall configuration of the forging device, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the layout of the anvils 4a to 4d of the forging machine 4 shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a coaxial sectional view, and FIG. Figure 4 is
A schematic perspective view showing the configuration of the manipulator device 5 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 6, which is a diagram for explaining the position of the point of application of the forging force F, is a graph showing the amount of deviation of the point of application of the forging force at each axial position of the anvil. 1... Forging device, 2, 5... Manipulator device,
4... Forging machine, 4a to 4d... Anvil, 10... Forged material, 20... Drive shaft, 21... Check device,
23... Worm gear, 24... Worm, 25.
... Drive motor, 28... Brake device, 29...
Control device, 30... operation panel.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The material to be forged held by the manipulator device is simultaneously rolled down by an anvil from multiple directions orthogonal to the axial direction of the material, and the material to be forged is moved a predetermined amount in the axial direction and around the axis for each reduction. A forging device for forging and stretching a forged material by rotating it to a predetermined rotation angle, wherein the manipulator device is configured to be able to set the predetermined rotation angle to a value according to forging and stretching conditions. Device.