JPH0131635B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a performance information processing device that records, over time, the states in which various operators are operated as a musical instrument such as an electronic musical instrument is played, or that records and then reproduces the state of operation.

A. Conventional technology and its drawbacks Conventionally, when playing musical instruments such as pianos and electronic musical instruments,
The state in which various performance controls, including keys and controls for settings such as tone, volume, and effects, are operated by the performer over time is recorded as performance information, and then this recorded performance information is transferred to the instrument. There is a device that plays the music (automatically plays). In this case, if the states of the various performance operators are continuously recorded, a storage medium with a very large storage capacity is required.

Therefore, we monitor changes in the status of each performance controller,
A device has been proposed that stores the states of all the controls and the no-operation state (i.e., event interval time) as performance information only when the state of the controls changes, that is, when an event is detected. For example, Tokukai Akira
This is a "performance information detection and storage device" disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 50-17213.

By the way, in the case of recording/reproducing performance information using this event interval time, as shown in FIG. By using the tempo clock TCL (output from the oscillator 3) for setting the performance tempo in the automatic rhythm performance device 2, it is possible to synchronize the recording/playback operation of the performance information recording/playback device 4 and the automatic rhythm performance. can. That is, the second
As shown in the figure, the tempo clock TCL is counted by a counter 5, this count value is used as timing data TMD representing the event interval time, and when an event is detected, the data representing the state of the controller at that time is combined with the above timing data. It is to be recorded.

However, in this case, the resolution (accuracy) of the timing data TMD is proportional to the tempo, and as the tempo is slowed down, the error in measuring the event interval time increases.
In other words, when the timing data TMD changes sequentially at a slow speed (i+1), (i+2), etc. as shown in _{FIG .} Even if a child change) occurs, these two events are all recorded as events at time (i+1). Therefore, compared to the actual event interval time, it will be recorded with an error of "α", and if the tempo becomes even slower, the error will be even larger as shown in Figure 3b. ”

Furthermore, the measurement error described above has the disadvantage that the shorter the event interval time, the greater the proportion of the error. That is, as shown in FIG. 3c, the absolute values of the errors α ₁ and α 2 for the event interval time indicated by symbol A and the absolute values of the errors _{α 1 and} α ₂ for the event interval time indicated by symbol B are the same value. Even if it is, the proportion (ratio) occupied by the error becomes larger as the event interval time indicated by symbol B is shorter. For this reason, there is a problem in that accuracy is poor when recording performance information related to a performance in which the operator changes quickly, such as when playing notes with short note lengths. However, although increasing the frequency of the tempo clock TCL improves measurement accuracy, it conversely increases the number of bits of the timing data TMD, which is undesirable.
Furthermore, since the relationship between tempo and error is still proportional, the above-mentioned disadvantage cannot be resolved.

B. Purpose and Overview of the Invention The present invention was made in view of the drawbacks of the conventional performance information processing device described above.The purpose of the present invention is to automatically convert signals for measuring event interval times during performance information recording into automatic rhythm performances, etc. To provide a performance information processing device which improves the precision of event interval time without increasing the number of bits even when synchronizing with the performance tempo of an accompaniment, and which always keeps the precision within a certain range even when the tempo changes. There is a particular thing.

To this end, the present invention accumulates the value N indicated by the lower several bits of the tempo setting data TSD given as numerical data, uses the accumulated value as the timing data TMD, and Of these, one predetermined bit is used as tempo setting data TSD.
This 1-bit signal is selected according to the value M indicated by the upper bit of the tempo clock TCL. In this way, since the variation range of the above value N is smaller than the total variation range of the tempo setting data TSD, the timing data
The rate of change of TMD is not directly related to the tempo setting data, and is within a certain range. That is,
No matter how the tempo setting data TSD changes, highly accurate timing data TMD that always changes at a speed within a certain range can be obtained. On the other hand, it is possible to obtain a tempo clock TCL that corresponds one-to-one to the tempo setting data TSD and is completely synchronized with the timing data TMD.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.

C. Basic configuration of timing data and tempo clock forming circuit FIG.
This is a diagram showing the basic configuration of a circuit forming a TMD and a tempo clock TCL, and is composed of an accumulator 5 and a selector 6.

In this invention, the timing data TMD is
Basically, it is formed by accumulating tempo setting data TD given as numerical data at a predetermined speed, and the tempo clock TCL selects a predetermined one bit of the accumulated value (multiple bits) obtained by the above accumulation. formed by.

However, if the tempo setting data TD is accumulated as is, the accumulated value, that is, the timing data
This is undesirable because the TMD and the tempo setting data TD are in a proportional relationship.

Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in the basic configuration diagram of FIG. 4, the value N indicated by the lower several bits of the tempo setting data TD is accumulated in the accumulator 5 at a predetermined speed according to the clock pulse φ. , the accumulated value qN (q=1, 2, 3...) is used as the timing data TMD, and a predetermined 1 bit of the accumulated value qN is selected according to the value M indicated by the remaining bit of the data TD. 6, and the selected 1-bit signal is used as the tempo clock TCL. As a result, the accumulated value qN formed in the accumulator 5, that is, the timing data TMD, changes over time with N being an increment value per unit time (one period of the clock pulse φ), and the rate of change is determined by the tempo setting data. The rate of change is within a certain range, regardless of the TD. Further, the tempo clock TCL selectively output from the selector 6 corresponds one-to-one to the tempo setting data TD and is completely synchronized with the timing data TMD.

By the way, as above, the timing data
When forming the TMD and tempo clock TCL, the value N indicated by the lower bits of the tempo setting data TD must satisfy the condition of "N≠0". For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment of the invention:
The tempo setting data TD is expressed in exponential form. In other words, if the tempo setting data expressed in an index is TSD, then TSD=A ^(TD) ...(1). Here, A is any positive integer except "0". In this case, since arithmetic processing is performed in the digital circuit using a binary system, it is more realistic to set the above A to "A=2". For this reason, the tempo setting data TSD expressed as an index is set in the following relationship.

TSD=2 ^(TD) ...(2) In this case, if the value indicated by the lower bit side of the data TD is n and the value indicated by the upper bit side is m, then TSD=2 ^(m+n) = 2 ^m・2 ⁿ …(3), and the values N and M indicated by the lower bit side and upper bit side of the tempo setting data TSD expressed as an index can be expressed as N=2 ⁿ M=2 ^m …(4) can. Therefore, even if the lower bits of the data TD are all "0" and "n=0", "N= ²⁰ =1" and the condition "N≠0" can be satisfied.

The above will be explained more specifically. Now, for convenience, the value m on the upper bit side and the value n on the lower bit side of the data TD are expressed as integer parts (m=0, 1,
) and the decimal part (0≦n<1), and the data TD is made up of 5 bits B ₅ , B ₄ , B ₃ , B ₂ , B ₁ , and B ₅ , B ₄ If the represented value is the integer part and the value represented by B ₃ to _{B 1} is the decimal part, then
The weights of B ₅ to B ₁ are 2 ¹ , 2 ⁰ , 2 ⁻¹ , 2 ⁻² , and 2 ⁻³ .
Therefore, in this case, the tempo setting data TSD expressed as an index is TSD=2 ^(TD) = 2 (2 ¹・B ₅ +2 ⁰・B ₄ +2 ^-1・B ₃ +2 ^-2・B ₂ +2 ^-3・B ₁ ) ...(5), and the value N indicated on the lower bit side and the value M indicated on the upper bit side are N = 2 ⁿ = 2 ^2-1

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An operation that, when the operating state of a plurality of performance controls on a musical instrument that is played in synchronization with automatic accompaniment sounds changes, indicates the performance control that changed along with time information indicating the timing at which the change occurred. In a performance information processing device that records child information as performance information, the numerical data indicating the performance tempo of the automatic accompaniment sound is divided into upper digits and lower digits, and changes at a speed corresponding to the value indicated by the lower digits. a timing data forming means for forming timing data consisting of a plurality of bits greater than the number of bits of the numerical data; 1. A performance information processing device comprising signal selection means for selecting a bit signal and outputting it as a tempo clock for forming the automatic accompaniment sound, and using the timing data as the time information. 2. The timing data forming means is constituted by an accumulator that accumulates the values indicated by the lower digits at a predetermined speed and outputs the accumulated value as the timing data. The performance information processing device according to scope 1. 3. The timing data forming means includes a variable frequency divider that divides and outputs a clock signal of a predetermined frequency according to the value indicated by the lower digit, and a variable frequency divider that counts and outputs the output signal of the variable frequency divider. and a counter that outputs a value as the timing data.
The performance information processing device described in Section 1. 4 The value indicated by the upper digit is set as an integer value expressed by 2 ^m , where m is a positive integer, and the value indicated by the lower digit is set as a small value expressed by 2 ⁿ , where n is 0≦n<1. Set as a numerical value and set the said numerical data as
4. The performance information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the performance information processing device is set as an index value expressed by 2 ^m ·2 ⁿ . 5. When the operating status of multiple performance controls on a musical instrument that is played in synchronization with automatic accompaniment sounds changes, time information indicating the timing at which the change occurred and control information representing the performance control that changed are used as performance information. In the performance information processing device for recording, the numerical data indicating the performance tempo of the automatic accompaniment sound is divided into upper digits and lower digits, and the bits of the numerical data change at a speed corresponding to the value indicated by the lower digits. forming means for forming timing data consisting of a plurality of bits greater than the number of bits, and forming a mark signal indicating this for each round of this timing data; It is characterized by comprising a selection means for selecting one predetermined bit signal having a corresponding frequency and outputting it as a tempo clock for forming the automatic accompaniment sound, and using the timing data and the mark signal as the time information. performance information processing device. 6. When the operation status of multiple performance controls on a musical instrument that is played in synchronization with automatic accompaniment sounds changes, time information indicating the timing at which the change occurred and control information representing the performance control that changed are used as performance information. In the performance information processing device for recording, the numerical data indicating the performance tempo of the automatic accompaniment sound is divided into upper digits and lower digits, and the bits of the numerical data change at a speed corresponding to the value indicated by the lower digits. forming means for forming timing data consisting of a plurality of bits greater than the number of bits, and forming a mark signal indicating this for each cycle of the timing data; a selection means for selecting one predetermined bit signal having a corresponding frequency and outputting it as a tempo clock for forming the automatic accompaniment sound; A performance information processing device characterized by recording numerical data indicating a tempo. 7. Recording of numerical data indicating the performance tempo is as follows:
7. The performance information processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the processing is repeated every time the mark signal is generated from the forming means. 8. When the operating status of multiple performance controls on a musical instrument that is played in synchronization with automatic accompaniment sounds changes, time information indicating the timing at which the change occurred and control information representing the performance control that changed are used as performance information. In a performance information processing device that records and then reproduces musical tones based on the recorded performance information, the numerical data indicating the automatic accompaniment tone tempo set by the tempo setting operator is divided into upper digits and lower digits, Forming timing data consisting of a plurality of bits greater than the number of bits of the numerical data, which changes at a speed corresponding to the value indicated by the lower digit, and forming a mark signal indicating this for each round of this timing data. a selection means for selecting one predetermined bit signal having a frequency corresponding to the value indicated by the upper digit from among the timing data consisting of the plurality of bits, and outputting it as a tempo clock for forming the automatic accompaniment tone. and, in the performance information recording operation mode, executes control to record the timing data as the time information in combination with the operator information, and executes control to record numerical data indicating the performance tempo, In the information reproduction operation mode, control is executed to supply the recorded numerical data to the forming means instead of the numerical data set by the tempo setting operator, and the recorded recording timing data and the forming means are supplied. Recording and playback that detects coincidence with timing data formed by the means, and executes control to transfer the operator information recorded in combination with the recording timing data to the musical instrument and reproduce it as a musical tone when the coincidence is detected. A performance information processing device comprising a control means.