JPH01310022A - Construction method for blockwork retaining wall and concrete block - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a construction period and improve drainage by forming an anchor block, an anchor-bolt swingingly passing work, and a second block row with a first block row formed with a first and second concrete blocks, and repeating this work with a back-filling work made. CONSTITUTION:A first concrete block 61 is provided with the drain hole 11 to a U-shaped space 101, intake hole 12, and anchor-bolt swingingly passing part 13, by forming a plane H shape with the front and back plates 7 and 8 of a retaining wall and the connection plate 9 of the middle of the retaining wall. And similarly the block 61 is arranged in a row in the lower edge foundation concrete 3 of the slope 2 of a natural ground 1 by providing a second concrete block 62 with the plate 8, and each anchor bolt 231-234 is passed to swingingly passing parts 131-132 respectively by forming a conduit hole 25. And a first block row B1 is formed, the back-filling for a sand soil 5 is made between a second block row B2 and the slope of the ground 1, and then a retaining wall structure W2 is constructed in order. This enables planned construction to be performed in a short time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Object of the Invention (1) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a construction method for a block retaining wall and concrete blocks used in the construction method.

(2) Conventional technology Conventionally, in this type of construction method, multiple holes for inserting reinforcing bars were drilled in the foundation concrete constructed along the lower edge of the slope of the ground, and then reinforcing bars were inserted into the holes. After that, multiple plate-shaped concrete blocks are lined up on the top surface of the foundation concrete by inserting each reinforcing bar into each of the reinforcing bar insertion holes.
Furthermore, each reinforcing bar insertion hole is filled with mortar, and then a backfilling operation is performed to fill the space between each concrete block and the slope of the ground with sandy soil, etc., and the retaining wall structure constructed in this way is transformed into a retaining wall. A construction method is known in which the walls are stacked in multiple stages depending on the height of the building. In this case, there is a large play between each reinforcing bar insertion hole and each reinforcing bar in order to closely abut adjacent concrete blocks, so the concrete book is not fixed until the mortar dries. Therefore, the backfilling work is performed after waiting for the mortar to dry.

(3) Problems to be solved by the invention However, as mentioned above, when constructing each retaining wall structure, there is a problem in that if the backfilling work is performed after waiting for the mortar to dry, the construction period will be significantly longer. .

In addition, retaining walls constructed using conventional methods use the space defined by the concave end faces of adjacent concrete blocks as drainage holes in the retaining wall itself, and therefore have a small cross-sectional area, resulting in poor drainage performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide the construction method that can solve the problems described above, and a concrete block used in the construction method.

B. Structure of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems The method for constructing a block retaining wall according to the present invention includes a top plate forming a part of the surface of the retaining wall, a top plate that is substantially parallel to the top plate, and It is configured in a planar H shape by a back plate facing the slope of the mountain, and a connecting plate that connects the center portions of the front plate and the back plate, and the top plate has the front plate half, the M plate half, and A drainage hole communicating with the U-shaped space defined by the connecting plate is formed, and the back plate has a water intake hole communicating with the U-shaped space and a plurality of anchor bolt insertion portions opening at the upper and lower end surfaces, respectively. The formed first concrete block, a top plate forming a part of the surface of the retaining wall, a back plate substantially parallel to the top plate and facing the slope of the ground, and a center between the top plate and the back plate. The back plate has a water intake hole that communicates with the U-shaped space defined by the back plate half, the top plate half, and the connection plate, and an upper, The second bolts each have a plurality of anchor bolt insertion portions opening on the lower end surface.
A plurality of first concrete blocks are used, and a water-permeable mat is adhered to the outer surface of the back plate.
The concrete blocks are arranged in a row on the upper surface of the foundation concrete constructed along the lower edge of the slope of the ground, and the side end surfaces of the top plate and back plate of the adjacent first concrete blocks are brought into contact with each other to form a pair. Forming a water guide hole consisting of the U-shaped space, passing each anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of the foundation concrete through each anchor bolt insertion part, and loosely inserting each similarly protruding reinforcing reinforcing bar into each U-shaped space. , Filling mortar into each anchor bolt insertion portion, fixing each first concrete block to the foundation concrete by screwing approximately the lower half of the cylindrical connecting nut to the upper end of each anchor bolt, and fixing the first concrete block to the foundation concrete. a back-filling operation of filling sandy soil between the first block row and the slope of the ground; and forming a line between the upper surface of the foundation concrete and the lower edge of the drainage hole in each water introduction hole. The lowermost retaining wall structure was built by pouring ready-mixed concrete into the space between them to form anchor blocks that would prevent the first row of broncs from slipping, and then approximately the upper half of each connecting nut was constructed. screwing anchor bolts into the plurality of second
The concrete blocks are arranged in a line on the upper end surface of the first block row, and the side end surfaces of the top plate and back plate of the adjacent second concrete blocks are brought into contact with each other to form a pair of the mouth-shaped spaces, and forming a water guide hole communicating with the water guide hole of the first block row;
Passing each anchor bolt protruding from the upper end surface of the block row through each anchor bolt insertion part, Filling each anchor bolt insertion part with mortar, Screwing approximately the lower half of the cylindrical connection nut into the upper end of each anchor bolt. fixing each second concrete block to the first block row by attaching the concrete blocks to form a second block row; and filling sandy soil between each second block row and the slope of the ground. The method is characterized in that the second-stage retaining wall structure is constructed by sequentially performing filling work, and thereafter, the same work as in the construction of the second-stage retaining wall structure is repeated depending on the height of the retaining wall.

The present invention also provides a concrete block used for constructing a block retaining wall for protecting a slope of a natural ground, which includes a top plate forming a part of the surface of the retaining wall, and a concrete block that is substantially parallel to the top plate and It is configured in a planar H shape by a back plate facing the slope of the earth, and a connecting plate that connects the central parts of the front plate and the back plate, and the top plate has a half part of the front plate and a half part of the back plate. and a drainage hole that communicates with the mouth-shaped space for the water guide hole defined by the connecting plate, and the back plate has a water intake hole that communicates with the mouth-shaped space and a plurality of anchor bolts that open at the upper and lower end surfaces. It is characterized in that an insertion portion is formed respectively.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a concrete block used for constructing a block retaining wall for protecting a slope of a natural ground, which includes a top plate forming a part of the surface of the retaining wall, and a concrete block that is substantially parallel to the top plate and that is substantially parallel to the top plate. A back plate facing the slope of the earth, and a connecting plate connecting the central parts of the front plate and the back plate each form an H-shaped plane, and the back plate has a half part of the back plate and a half part of the front plate. and a water intake hole communicating with the mouth-shaped space for the water introduction hole defined by the connecting plate, and a plurality of anchor bolt insertion portions opening at the upper and lower end surfaces, respectively.

(2) Effect According to the construction method described above, the first block row at the bottom is fixed to the foundation concrete, and the second block row is fixed to the first block row with anchor bolts and connecting nuts, respectively, and thereafter the upper block row is fixed to the foundation concrete. Since it is similarly fixed to the lower block row, sandy soil can be packed between the block row and the slope of the ground immediately after each block row is formed, and therefore, during backfilling work, mortar Since there is no need to wait for drying, the construction period can be significantly shortened.

Furthermore, since the first block row is reliably fixed to the foundation concrete by the anchor bolts and anchor blocks, it is possible to accurately stack up the block rows from the next stage to obtain a retaining wall as designed.

Furthermore, since the upper and lower concrete blocks are connected to each other by anchor bolts on their back plate sides, it is possible to provide a retaining wall with high connection strength between the concrete blocks against bending moments caused by earth pressure.

Furthermore, since each water intake hole can form a drainage channel with a relatively large cross-sectional area within the retaining wall, water from each water intake hole can be efficiently discharged from each drainage hole through the drainage channel. This is effective in improving durability. In this case, there is a permeable mat outside each water intake hole, so
Its filtering action can prevent clogging of each water intake hole with sandy soil.

Moreover, when it is necessary to increase the weight of the retaining wall to increase its resistance to earth pressure, the drainage channel can be filled with a material with good water permeability, such as gravel, to meet the requirement.

The concrete block allows the construction method described above to be carried out easily, and since it is H-shaped, it is advantageous in terms of saving materials.

(3) Example In Figs. 1 to 5, the foundation concrete 3 is constructed along the lower edge of the slope 2 of the ground 1, and the foundation concrete 3
A block retaining wall W is constructed on top. Block retaining wall W
is composed of a wall 4 and sandy soil 5 packed between the wall 4 and the slope 2. As the sandy soil 5, when the ground 1 is sandy soil, the soil generated when the slope 2 is formed is used.

The wall 4 is composed of a large number of first and second concrete blocks 61.6□ clearly shown in Figs. 4 to 6B, particularly Figs. 6, 6A, and 6B.

The first concrete block 6I includes a top plate 7 that forms a retaining wall surface, thus a part of the wall surface 4a;
a back plate 8 that is substantially parallel to and faces the slope 2 of the ground 1;
The connecting plate 9 connects the central portions of the front plate 7 and the back plate 8 to form an H-shape in plan. The top plate 7 has one U-shaped space 10 defined by half the top plate 7, half the back plate 8, and the connecting plate 9. A drainage hole 11 communicating with the drain hole 11 is formed. The back plate 8 has a water intake hole 12 communicating with the other U-shaped space 10□.
and double-take openings on the upper and lower end surfaces, three anchor bolt insertion portions 13 in the illustrated example. ．． 13□ are formed respectively.

The anchor bolt insertion part 131 in the center is formed in the shape of a bow, and the anchor bolt insertion parts 13□ on both sides consist of a groove part a with a semicircular cross section and a piece-shaped notch part connected to both ends of the groove part a. Both notches have stepped surfaces C that are open to the upper end surface, lower end surface, inner surface, and side end surface of the back plate 8, respectively, and are parallel to the upper and lower end surfaces.

Further, the inner surfaces of the top plate 7 and the back plate 8 are formed into a pair of inclined surfaces 14.15 such that the thickness of both plates 7.8' gradually decreases toward the outside from the connecting plate 9.

The upper and lower end portions of the connecting plate 9 slightly protrude from the upper and lower end surfaces of the front plate 7 and back plate 8, and the rising surfaces of each protruding portion 16 are lower than the pair of inclined surfaces 17 forming a ridge line in the center. Become.

Since the second concrete block 6□ has substantially the same configuration as the first concrete block 6I, the same parts as the first concrete block 6I are given the same reference numerals. However, the drain hole 11 is not formed in the top plate 7.

Next, the first and second concrete blocks 61.6□
A method of constructing a block retaining wall W using the following will be explained.

Back plate 8 of 1st and 2nd concrete pro-tsuku 69.6□
A water-permeable mandrel 18 made of synthetic fiber or the like is adhered to the outer surface using an adhesive. This water permeable mat 18 acts as a filter and prevents the sandy soil 5 from clogging the water intake holes 12 of both concrete blocks 61.6□.

As clearly shown in Figures 4 and 6 to 8, the upper surface of the foundation concrete 3 has an inclined surface 19 that slopes downward from the center toward the ground 1, and a horizontal surface 20 on the opposite side of the inclined surface 19. However, in the inclined surface 19, a plurality of recesses 21 are formed parallel to each other to accommodate the protruding parts 16 of the connecting plates 9 in the first concrete block 6 (however, these recesses 21 can be replaced with a series of long grooves). ). Also, from the inclined surface 19, a plurality of inverted U-shaped reinforcing bars 22 and a plurality of first anchor bolts 23
1 and a plurality of shorter second anchor bolts 23□
The reinforcing reinforcing bars 22 are arranged so that adjacent reinforcing bars 22 sandwich one recess 21 between them, and each of the first and second anchor bolts 23 . ．． 23□ are arranged alternately at predetermined intervals near the edge of each recess 21 on the ground 1 side. Each first,
The tip of the second connector bolt 23I, 23□ has a male thread 2.
4 is formed.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a plurality of first concrete blocks 6I are arranged in a line on the slope 19 of the foundation concrete 3, and the side end surfaces of the front plate 7 and back plate 8 of the adjacent first concrete blocks 6 are By abutting each other, a pair of mouth-shaped spaces 10. ．． Forming a water guide hole 25 consisting of 1 oz.
Also, each of the first and second anchor bolts 23. ．． 23□ into each anchor bolt insertion portion 13. ．． 13□, and each pair of reinforcing reinforcing bars 22 is positioned in each water guide hole 25. Center anchor bolt insertion part 13. 1st Ankapol 1-23,
is inserted, and its male screw 24 protrudes from the upper end surface of the back plate 8. Between adjacent back plates 8, both anchor bolt insertion portions 13. are facing each other, and a hole is formed by both groove portions a, in which a second anchor bolt 23□ is located, and a planar opening-shaped notch 26 is defined by both notch portions,
The male thread 24 of the second anchor bolt 23□ is located there.

As clearly shown in FIG. 7, each anchor bolt insertion portion 13, .
Fill 13□ with mortar 27. In this case, the anchor bolt insertion portions 13□ on both sides are filled with mortar 27 up to the upper edge of the groove portion a. The filling of this mortar 27 is carried out in the first
This is done for the purpose of rustproofing the second anchor bolt 231.23□ and coupling the first and second anchor bolts 231.23□ to the first concrete block 61.

Each 1st and 2nd Ankapol 1-23. ．． 23□ Fit a square washer 28 to the upper end, and apply the washer 28 to the upper end surface of the back plate 8 at the center, and also fit the square washer 28 to the upper end surface of the back plate 8, and the mouth-shaped notches 2 at both sides.
6 onto the stepped surface 29. Each first and second anchor pole l-
By screwing approximately the lower half of the cylindrical connecting nut 30 to the upper end of each first concrete block 6,
are fixed to the inclined surface 19 of the foundation concrete 3 to form the first block row B. In this case, the connecting nuts 30 protrude from the center of the upper end surface of the first concrete block 61, but the connecting nuts 30 are sunk into the U-shaped notches 26 on both sides of the upper end surface.

Sandy soil 5 between the first block row B and the slope 2 of the ground 1
Pack it. This backfilling work is performed without waiting for the mortar 27 to dry because the first block row B1 is fixed to the foundation concrete 3 by the plurality of first and second anchor bolts 23 and 23□.

As shown in FIG. 8, in each water introduction hole 25, fresh concrete is poured into the space between the slope 19 of the foundation concrete 3 and the lower edge of the drain hole 12. An anchor block 31 containing reinforcing reinforcing bars 22 that serves as a stop is formed.

Through the above steps, the lowermost retaining wall structure W (FIG. 2) is constructed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, each first anchor bolt 2
3. Approximately the upper half of the connecting nut 30 has male threads 2 at both ends.
Screw on the short third anchor bolt 233 having a
Connect to anchor bolt 23I. Further, a long fourth anchor bolt 234 having male threads 24 at both ends is screwed into substantially the upper half of the connecting nut 30 of each second anchor port 23□ to connect it to the second anchor port 232.

As clearly shown in FIGS. 4, 6, and 8, a plurality of second concrete blocks 6□ are arranged in a row on the upper end surface of the first block row B, and the top plate of the adjacent second concrete blocks 6□ is By abutting the side end surfaces of the back plate 7 and the back plate 8, a pair of U-shaped spaces 10. ．． Each of the third and fourth anchor bolts 233.23.10 is formed with a water guide hole 25 communicating with the water guide hole 25 of the first block row B1, and protrudes from the upper end surface of the first block row B1. Each anchor bolt insertion part 13. ．． Pass through 13□.

At that time, as shown in FIG. 5, the second concrete block 6 The two inclined surfaces 17 of the protruding portions 16 are arranged in a staggered manner so that each pair of inclined surfaces 17 of the protruding portions 16 are aligned with the double-ended inclined surfaces 14 of the adjacent front plate 7 and the adjacent back plate 8.
The second concrete block 6□ is positioned in accordance with the two-sided slope 15 of the second concrete block 6□. and the fourth
.

An anchor bolt insertion part 13 in which the anchor bolt 234 is located in the center;
Also, the third anchor bolt 23. are located on the anchor bolts 13□ on both sides. Further, a connecting nut 30 protruding from the center of the upper end surface of the first concrete block 6 is accommodated in a U-shaped notch 26 defined by the adjacent second concrete block 6 □, as shown clearly in FIG. .

Similarly to the above, each anchor bolt insertion portion 131.13□ is filled with mortar 27.

Similarly to the above, each second concrete block 6□ is connected to the first block by fitting the square washer 28 to the upper end of each of the third and fourth anchor bolts 238, 234, and then screwing the substantially lower half of the connecting nut 30. A second block row B2 is formed by fixing to row B1.

Sandy soil 5 between the second block row B2 and the slope 2 of the ground 1
Pack it.

Through the above steps, the second stage retaining wall structure W2 is constructed.

Thereafter, the block retaining wall W is constructed by repeating the same operations as in constructing the second-stage retaining wall structure W2 depending on the height of the retaining wall. In the illustrated example, the retaining wall W is an eight-stage retaining wall structure W.
1 to W, and therefore, the first to eighth block rows B, -B are used. In this retaining wall W, each water guide hole 25 forms a drainage channel having a relatively large cross-sectional area.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the eighth block row B in the uppermost row
8, the anchor bolt insertion portion 13 located in the center of the second concrete block 6□. has a third anchor bolt 23. having a length that does not protrude from the upper opening. is screwed onto the connecting nut 30 as a reinforcing reinforcing bar, and is filled with mortar 27. This is the 4th anchor bolt 2
34, the male thread 24 is connected to the eighth block row B.
.

This is to prevent this problem since it protrudes from the upper end surface and interferes with the cover plate 32.

A side gutter 33 is constructed on the horizontal surface 20 of the foundation concrete 1-3, and each drainage hole 11 of the first block row B1 is connected to the pipe 3.
4 to the side gutter 33.

Note that although the structure of both ends of the retaining wall W is omitted from the drawing, both ends are treated using methods such as using concrete blocks of a predetermined shape or pouring concrete. Further, in building land development, at least one of the first and second concrete blocks 65.6 □ can be stacked up to three levels and used in the same way as a stone wall. In this case, anchor bolts are not required. Furthermore, if the ground 1 is low, the first and second concrete blocks 68.6□ may be placed directly on the slope 2 without backfilling.

C. Effects of the Invention According to the construction method of the present invention, a block retaining wall with high strength and good drainage can be constructed as designed in a very short period of time.

Moreover, according to the concrete block according to the present invention, the construction method described above can be easily carried out, and since it is H-shaped, it is advantageous in terms of reducing the amount of materials.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 6B show a block retaining wall, Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line n--n in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line nn in Figure 2. The figure is an enlarged view of the main part of Figure 2.
Corresponding to the n-line sectional view, FIG. 5 is the nn-line sectional view of FIG. 1,
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view, FIG. 6A is a plan view of the first concrete block, FIG. 6B is a plan view of the second concrete block, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are construction process explanatory views. 81~B,...Block row, W, -W,...
... Retaining wall structure, ■ ... Earth, 2 ...
・Slope, 3...Foundation concrete, 4...
...Wall, 4a...Wall surface, 5...
Sandy soil, 6I, 6□...1st and 2nd concrete blocks, 7...Top plate, 8...Back plate, 9...Connection Board, 10. ．． 10□・・・・・・
U-shaped space, 11... Drain hole, 12...
・Water intake hole, 13. ．． 13□・・・・Anchor bolt insertion part, 18・・・・−・Water permeable mat, 22・・・・
・Reinforcement reinforcing bars, 23. ~234...First to fourth anchor bolts, 25...Water guide hole, 27...
・Mortar, 30...Connection nut, 31...
...anchor block

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A top plate that forms part of the surface of the retaining wall, a back plate that is approximately parallel to the top plate and faces the slope of the ground, and a connection that connects the central parts of the top plate and the back plate. The top plate has a drainage hole that communicates with the U-shaped space defined by the top plate half, the back plate half, and the connecting plate, and the back plate has , a first concrete block formed with a water intake hole communicating with the U-shaped space and a plurality of anchor bolt insertion portions opening at the upper and lower end surfaces; a top plate forming a part of the surface of the retaining wall; Almost parallel to the plate,
In addition, the back plate faces the slope of the ground, and the connecting plate connects the center portions of the front plate and the back plate to form an H-shape in plan, and the back plate has half the back plate and half the front plate. a water intake hole and an upper part communicating with the U-shaped space defined by the part and the connecting plate;
a plurality of second concrete blocks each having a plurality of anchor bolt insertion portions opened on the lower end surface, and a plurality of first concrete blocks having a water-permeable mat adhered to the outer surface of the back plate;
The concrete blocks are arranged in a row on the upper surface of the foundation concrete constructed along the lower edge of the slope of the ground, and the side end surfaces of the top plate and back plate of the adjacent first concrete blocks are brought into contact with each other to form a pair. Forming a water guide hole consisting of the U-shaped space, passing each anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of the foundation concrete through each anchor bolt insertion part, and loosely inserting each similarly protruding reinforcing reinforcing bar into each U-shaped space. , Filling mortar into each anchor bolt insertion portion, fixing each first concrete block to the foundation concrete by screwing approximately the lower half of the cylindrical connecting nut to the upper end of each anchor bolt, and fixing the first concrete block to the foundation concrete. a back-filling operation of filling sandy soil between the first block row and the slope of the ground; and forming a line between the upper surface of the foundation concrete and the lower edge of the drainage hole in each water introduction hole. The lowermost retaining wall structure is built by pouring ready-mixed concrete into the space between them to form anchor blocks that prevent the first block row from shifting, and then approximately the upper half of each connecting nut is constructed. screwing anchor bolts into the plurality of second
A pair of U-shaped spaces are formed by arranging concrete blocks in a line on the upper end surface of the first block row and abutting the side end surfaces of the top plate and back plate of the adjacent second concrete blocks, and forming a water guide hole communicating with the water guide hole of the first block row, and forming a water guide hole communicating with the water guide hole of the first block row;
Passing each anchor bolt protruding from the upper end surface of the block row through each anchor bolt insertion part, Filling each anchor bolt insertion part with mortar, Screwing approximately the lower half of the cylindrical connection nut into the upper end of each anchor bolt. fixing each second concrete block to the first block row by attaching the concrete blocks to form a second block row; and filling sandy soil between each second block row and the slope of the ground. A block stacking method characterized in that a second-stage retaining wall structure is built by sequentially performing filling work, and thereafter, the same work as building the second-stage retaining wall structure is repeated depending on the height of the retaining wall. Retaining wall construction method. (2) A concrete block used for constructing a block retaining wall to protect the slope of the ground, which includes a top plate forming a part of the surface of the retaining wall, and a concrete block that is substantially parallel to the top plate and is connected to the ground. A back plate facing the slope of the front plate, and a connecting plate connecting the center portions of the front plate and the back plate to form an H-shape in plan, and the front plate includes the front plate half, the back plate half, and the connecting plate. A drainage hole communicating with the U-shaped space for the water introduction hole defined by the plate is formed, and the back plate has a water intake hole communicating with the U-shaped space and a plurality of anchor bolt insertion portions opening at the upper and lower end surfaces. A concrete block characterized by being formed respectively. (3) A concrete block used for constructing a block retaining wall to protect the slope of the ground, which includes a top plate forming a part of the surface of the retaining wall, and a concrete block that is substantially parallel to the top plate and is connected to the ground. A back plate facing the slope of the front plate, and a connecting plate connecting the central parts of the front plate and the back plate to form an H-shape in plan, and the back plate includes the back plate half, the front half, and the connecting plate. a water intake hole communicating with the U-shaped space for the water introduction hole defined by the plate;
A concrete block characterized in that a plurality of anchor bolt insertion portions each opening at a lower end surface are formed.