JPH01308924A - Vibration measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure vibration in any direction by the use of one device by providing an electrode, a main body, a permanent magnet and an arithmetic unit. CONSTITUTION:For example, when vibration in an A-direction is suddenly applied to a base stand 14, a main body is moved in the A-direction instantaneously and the inner wall thereof becomes the position 10' shown by a broken line and, thereafter, the main body 10 is vibrated continuously within this moving width. A permanent magnet 13 is finely moved to the position 13' shown by a broken line by the reaction of the demagnetizing effect on the main body 10 to be vibrated in this fine moving width. Since the shift of a minute time is generated between the movement of the main body 10 and that of the magnet 13, the respective balances between regions 1, 1' as well as between regions 2, 2' are collapsed to generate the sudden change of a magnetic field and weak currents flow between electrodes 10a, 10b as well as between electrodes 10c, 10d. These weak currents are respectively detected and operated by an arithmetic unit 12 to make it possible to obtain vibration data in the A-direction wherein an X-direction and a Y-direction are synthesized.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Summary] Regarding a vibration measuring device using superconducting technology, for the purpose of improving productivity by reducing the number of measuring devices, the outer surface of a hollow spherical body made of superconductor is Electrodes are provided at intersections with three axes that pass through the center of the spherical body and intersect with each other at right angles to each other. It is composed of a main body housed therein, and a calculation device that detects and processes electrical signals from each of the electrodes, and the main body is mounted on a base that can vibrate.

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a precision vibration measuring device using superconducting technology, and particularly to a vibration measuring device that improves productivity by reducing the number of measuring devices.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional vibration measuring instruments such as vibrometers and seismometers that measure various vibrations are prepared by preparing multiple vibration measuring instruments each having a unidirectional vibration system, each with an X, , Y, and Z, and calculate the vibration information obtained from each measuring device to manually obtain three-dimensional vibration information.

For example, in the case of a seismograph, a pendulum serving as a unidirectional vibration system is attached to a stand fixed to the ground, and the relative displacement of the pendulum with respect to the stand is obtained.

In this case, two systems of seismometers, one for horizontal motion and one for vertical motion, are usually prepared to obtain accurate earthquake information.

Thus, in the past, it was not possible to obtain vibration information from multiple directions with a single measuring device.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Conventional vibration measuring instruments have a problem in that at least two or more vibration measuring instruments are required to obtain vibration information from multiple directions.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above problem is that the outer surface of a hollow spherical body made of a superconductor is provided with an electrode at the intersection with the three rings that pass through the center of the spherical body and intersect with each other at right angles, and the inside of the spherical body has a critical temperature higher than that of the spherical body. The main body is filled with a low-temperature substance with a low temperature and contains a spherical permanent magnet smaller than the inner diameter of the spherical body, and a calculation device that detects and processes electrical signals from each of the electrodes, and the main body can be vibrated. This problem can be solved by using a vibration measuring device mounted on a base.

[For production]

When a spherical permanent magnet is placed inside a hollow spherical body maintained in a superconducting state, the weight of the permanent magnet is balanced near the center of the interior by the diamagnetic effect (Meissner effect) from the surroundings. Fixed in a suspended position.

When vibration information is transmitted from the outside to the spherical body in this state,
The permanent magnet moves slightly due to the reaction of the diamagnetic effect caused by the vibration of the spherical body, causing a rapid change in the magnetic field inside the body.

Therefore, by replacing this change in the magnetic field with a change in current, reading it in three-dimensional directions, and then performing calculations, it is possible to manually obtain three-dimensional vibration information of the spherical body.

In the vibration measuring device of the present invention, a spherical permanent magnet is fixed in a floating state inside a hollow spherical body filled with liquid nitrogen to maintain a superconducting state, and the vibration is generated by vibrations applied to the spherical body from the outside. Changes in the magnetic field inside the spherical body are processed to obtain three-dimensional vibration information.

Therefore, accurate three-dimensional vibration information can be easily obtained without using a plurality of vibration meters.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vibration measuring instrument according to the present invention, in which (A) is a diagram showing the principle of construction, and (B) is a diagram showing an example of application.

Note that in the figure, for ease of understanding, a two-dimensional case in the X direction and the X direction will be described.

In FIG. 1(A), the main body 10, which is a hollow spherical body made of a superconducting material such as Ba-La-Cu-0, includes:
For example, liquid nitrogen is sealed as a cryogenic material 11 with a lower temperature rise than the main body 10, and in this state, the main body 10
maintains a superconducting state.

Further, on the outer surface of the main body 10, electrodes 10a and lOb are arranged on the diameter in the vertical direction (X direction) in the drawing, and also in the horizontal direction (X direction) in the drawing.
Electrodes 10c and 10d are provided on the diameter in the X direction), and each of these electrodes is connected to a separately installed arithmetic unit 12.

Furthermore, a spherical permanent magnet 13 smaller than the inner diameter of the main body 10 is enclosed inside the main body IO, but since the main body 10 serving as the outer shell is in a superconducting state, there is a gap between the permanent magnet 13 and the outer shell. Due to the diamagnetic effect (Meissner effect) that occurs, the permanent magnet 13 is fixed in a floating state near the center of the main body 10 at a position that balances the weight of the permanent magnet 13.

Note that 14 is a base, and 15 is a leg portion for fixing the main body 10 to the base 14.

In a vibration measuring instrument having such a configuration, in a steady state without vibration, the magnetic fields of areas ■ and ■'', and ■ and ■'' are in a balanced state, so electrodes 10a and 106 and electrodes 1
There is no potential difference between 0c and 10a, and no current flows.

For example, if vibration is suddenly applied to the base 14 in the direction A in the figure, the main body 10 will instantaneously move in the direction a in the figure and its inner wall will be at the position 10' shown by the broken line, but the vibration will continue during this period. It vibrates.

Further, the permanent magnet 13 slightly moves to a position of 13° shown by a broken line due to the reaction of the diamagnetic effect on the main body 10, and then vibrates between this position.

However, since there is a slight time lag between the movement of the main body 10 and the movement of the permanent magnet 13, the areas ■ and ■° and the areas ■ and ■
The balance between the electrodes 10a and 10b is disrupted, causing a sudden change in the magnetic field, and weak currents flow between the electrodes 10a and 10b and between the electrodes 10c and 10a.

Each of these weak currents is detected and calculated by the calculation device 12, and
It is possible to obtain vibration information in the A direction, which is a combination of the A direction and the Y direction.

In Figure (B), the main body 10 is a hollow spherical body made of a superconductor material such as Ba-La-Cu-0 as in Figure (A), and inside it is a cryogenic material. liquid nitrogen, 1
1 is filled. Therefore, in this state, the main body 10 exhibits a superconducting state, as explained in FIG. 8.

Further, 10a = 10e are electrodes provided on the main body 10, and are provided at six positions where diameters passing through the center and intersecting each other at right angles intersect the main body.

Furthermore, 12 is an arithmetic unit in FIG. 8, which is connected to each of the above-mentioned electrodes.

13 is a spherical permanent magnet, and 15 is a leg portion for fixing the main body 10 to a base.

Note that 16 is a heat insulating material for maintaining the superconducting state of the main body 10.

Here, if vibration is applied to the main body 10,
), a sudden change in the magnetic field occurs inside the main body 10, causing the electrodes 10a and 10b, 10c and 10d, 10
Since a minute current is generated between e and 10a, the arithmetic unit 12 detects and calculates the current to obtain three-dimensional information on vibrations applied to the main body 10.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vibration measuring device that can measure vibrations from any direction with a single device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vibration measuring instrument according to the present invention. Reference numeral 13 represents a permanent magnet, 14 represents a base, 15 represents a leg portion, and 16 represents a heat insulating material. CB)

Claims (1)

[Claims] The outer surface of a hollow spherical body made of a superconductor is provided with electrodes (10a, 10b, ~10f) at the intersections with three axes passing through the center of the spherical body and orthogonal to each other, and the inner surface of the spherical body A spherical permanent magnet (11) filled with a low-temperature substance (11) whose critical temperature is lower than that of the body and smaller than the inner diameter of the spherical body.
3), and each of the above electrodes (10a,
10b, ~10f) and a computing device (12) that detects and processes electrical signals, and the main body (10) is mounted on a vibrating base (14). Measuring instrument.