JPH01289606A - Noncontact online measuring device and machining method using device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To correct a tool-position of a cutting tool with high accuracy by allowing a measuring device capable of longitudinal positioning of an optical outer diameter measuring device and a tool post to be connected and disconnected while a lathe machines a work. CONSTITUTION:NC device 40 commands a slide rest 7 to travel and an optical outer diameter measuring device to automatically travel to a specified position of a work 11. By a travel-completion signal from the NC device, the optical outer diameter measuring device starts the measurement of the work 11 and corrects the tool position of a cutting tool after completion of the measurement. The NC device 40 then commands the optical measuring device to travel to a following measuring position. In this manner, when the required measurement is completed, the slide rest 7 travels in the opposite direction from a headstock 1 to disconnect a connecting rod 35 from a second slide 22 at a specified posi tion, and then moves to a specified position. The outer diameter of the work 11 is thus quickly measured without being in contact with the measuring device with high precision, and the tool-position of the cutting tool can be corrected with high accuracy.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of application in industry -■-] The present invention uses an optical outer diameter measuring device to accurately measure the outer diameter of a workpiece installed on a lathe in a non-contact manner. This invention relates to a measurement method using an optical measuring instrument that corrects the tool position of a cutting tool with good viscosity and improves the machining accuracy of a workpiece.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, a touch sensor type or clip-in type mechanical contact measuring device was installed on the tool post-E or carriage of the lathe, the main spindle was stopped, and the outer diameter of the workpiece was measured at a predetermined position. was.

In the touch sensor type, the touch sensor is placed on one side of the workpiece, the position is memorized, and the touch sensor is moved to the opposite side of the workpiece without touching the workpiece. In this method, a touch sensor is placed on the surface of the workpiece, the position is memorized, and the difference from the previous position is read to determine the outer diameter of the workpiece. This method takes time to measure, and since the measurement is based on mechanical movement, there are problems with measurement accuracy.

With the sandwich type, the workpiece is sandwiched between two probes (upper and lower), the probes are moved to shorten the gap, and both the top and bottom are in contact with the workpiece, and the outer diameter of the workpiece is determined by measuring the distance between the probes at that time. It is a method. This method takes time to measure, and since the measurement is based on mechanical movement, there are problems with measurement accuracy. Furthermore, when the outer diameter of the workpiece changes, it becomes necessary to replace the glove to be inserted, which takes time and effort, such as resetting it depending on the workpiece.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Conventional contact-type outer diameter measuring instruments measure the outer diameter using mechanical movement, which is prone to errors, poses problems with accuracy, and takes time to measure.So, an online measuring instrument installed on a lathe is used. There was a problem.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and is a non-contact system that solves the various problems listed below by installing a non-contact optical measuring device with high accuracy and short measurement time on a lathe. The purpose is to provide an online measurement method.

[Means for solving problems]

A highly accurate optical outer diameter measuring device is installed on the lathe, and the outer diameter cutting tool and the inner diameter cutting tool are used to perform trial cutting on the edge of the workpiece. (Thus, the tool position of each bite can be corrected with high precision in a short time.)

It goes without saying that the above-mentioned optical outer diameter measuring device can accurately measure the outer diameter of the workpiece after machining, determine whether the product is good or bad, and correct the tool position of the finishing outer diameter cutting tool.

[Effect]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, a good product can be manufactured from the beginning by performing trial cutting and measurement when exchanging the cutting tools, and correcting the tool position of each cutting tool with high accuracy. According to the present invention, the tool position of the inner diameter cutting tool can be corrected with high accuracy by trial cutting the outer diameter of the workpiece using the inner diameter cutting tool, so that the troublesome and difficult measurement of the inner diameter can be omitted.

The measurement accuracy of an optical outside diameter measuring device is usually 1 micron or less, so by measuring the outside diameter of the workpiece with high precision, it is possible to measure wear, chipping, etc. of the cutting tool that could not be measured with conventional methods. Become. The time it takes to measure the outer diameter of a workpiece using an optical outer diameter measuring device is usually 0.1 seconds or less.
Much faster than conventional contact-type outside diameter measuring instruments.

Since the thickness of the light of the optical outer diameter meter is usually 0.2 mm or less, the length of the measuring part of the workpiece can be short.

With an optical outer diameter measuring instrument, the outer diameter of the workpiece can be any size as long as it falls within the width of the light.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on practical drawings.

The first embodiment of the non-contact online measuring device according to the present invention is
As shown in the figure, in the present invention, this device is applied to the measurement of a workpiece machined by a turning machine tool. Before explaining this device, the configuration of the machine tool will be explained.

1 is the headstock, which is supported on the bed 2.

A main shaft 3 is rotatably supported on the headstock 1 via a bearing, and its rotation is transmitted and driven via a drive motor. Reference numeral 4 denotes a chuck attached to the tip of the main spindle 3, which grips and releases the workpiece. Reference numeral 5 designates a tool stand that is connected to a vertical tool feeder 6 that can move forward and backward in the direction of the rotational axis of the main spindle 3 and a horizontal tool feeder 7 that can move forward and backward in the direction perpendicular to the rotational axis of the main spindle 3. The feed is controlled by the drive of 8 and servo motor 9. 3 10 is a turret that holds a plurality of tools 12 such as bites arranged to extend in the radial direction and center direction of the workpiece 11. It is rotatably supported on the stand 7 via indexing means. Next, the structural relationship between the machine tool and the device of the present invention will be explained.

The non-contact online measuring device 13 (hereinafter referred to as the present device) of the present invention can enter and retreat from the top or side of the main body of the machine tool 14 in the lateral direction with respect to the spindle axis located on the machining area. It is equipped with a lot of equipment.

Specifically, on the main body of the machine tool 14, for example, the headstock 1
Or the main body cover! 5", or mounted on a first slider 18 that is relatively movable forward and backward on a first track I7 extending in the direction of the axis of the main shaft, via struts 16a and 16b fixed to the base. There is. The first slider 18 is provided with a second track 19 extending in the direction of the lateral force with respect to the main shaft axis, and a fluid cylinder 21 operated by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure is attached to a support member 20 fixed to the upper part of the second track 19. is fixed. A second slider 22 that can move up and down on the second track 19 is fixed to the tip of the piston rod of the fluid cylinder 21. An optical outer diameter measuring device 23 is attached to the second slider 22 . There are optical outer diameter measuring instruments 23 that utilize various measurement principles.
Figure 2 shows an example.

The laser beam emitted from the semiconductor laser 24 is
The light is reflected by a polygon mirror 25 rotating at a constant speed, further reflected by a reflection mirror 26, turned into parallel lines by a collimator lens 27, and imaged by a light receiving lens 28 onto a light receiving element 29.

By rotating the polygon mirror 25, the parallel light beams are scanned from the bottom to the top of the figure. The parallel light beam is the object to be measured 11
In this method, the diameter of the object to be measured 11 is measured by measuring the time it takes for the object to be measured 11 to reach the light-receiving element 29. Third
The figure shows an example of an optical outer diameter measuring instrument based on the above principle.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which the optical outer diameter measuring device 23 shown in FIG. 3 is used.

The optical outer diameter measuring instrument 23 is placed on the second slider 22 via the holder 30 so that the workpiece to be measured is sandwiched between the light emitting part and the light receiving part of the measuring instrument 23. Fixed. 31 is a holder 30 with a hole slightly larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece in the radial direction of the workpiece.
A protective cover is fixed to the holder 30 and the second slider 22-F so as to surround the optical outer diameter measuring device 23, and the holder 30 is provided with a flow path 32 that conducts air pressure from the outside, It communicates with the inside of the cover 31, and is designed to protect the optical outer diameter measuring instrument 23 by preventing dust, oil smoke, etc. from entering the protective cover 31 from the outside due to air pressure being blown out. An open hole is provided in the upper part of the main body cover 15 facing the processing area so that the device 13 can approach and separate from the workpiece located in the processing area.
An opening/closing cover 34 is attached which can be opened and closed through the operation of. This device! Reference numeral 3 is positioned on the spindle axis, which is the measurement area, and within the measurement range in the spindle axis direction, the device is positioned by controlling the feed of the tool stand 7.

Next, the operation will be explained. After trial cutting or finishing machining,
Cleaning work such as blowing air is automatically performed, the tool stand 7 is retreated to a predetermined position, and the turret IO is rotated to determine the station where the connecting rod 35 is installed. The fluid cylinder 33 is operated to retract the protective cover 34, and the fluid cylinder 2I is operated to remove the second slider 22.
Then, the optical outer diameter measuring device 23 is moved to a predetermined position within the main body cover 15 (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1). The tool stand 7 is moved toward the headstock l and connected to the second slider 22 via the connecting rod 35.

An example of the connection method is shown in FIG.

Specifically, a connecting rod 35 that can be freely connected to the present device is fixed to the - point on the tool mounting surface of the turret 1-10. Here, an example of the connection method is shown in FIG. 5, and the second slider 2
An electromagnet 37 is fixed on an adapter 36 provided on the connecting rod 35, and a magnetic material such as iron provided at the tip of the connecting rod 35 is connected to the electromagnet 3 by an electric wire 39 connected to the outer diameter detection control device 38.
7 is excited, and the operation of connecting and disconnecting with the connecting rod 35 is performed.

When the connecting rod 35 is connected to the electromagnet 37, the optical outer diameter measuring device 23 is moved to the position of the workpiece to be measured through the operation of the tool stand 7 and positioned.

By moving the tool stand 7 according to a command from the NC device 40, the optical outer diameter measuring device 23 is automatically moved to a predetermined position on the workpiece 11. In response to the movement completion signal, measurement of the outer diameter of the workpiece 11 is started, and after the measurement is completed, the tool position of the cutting tool is corrected. Next, the NC device 40 issues a movement command to the next measurement position.

After completing the required measurements in this way, the tool rest 7 is moved to the headstock! The connecting rod 35 and the second slider 22 are disconnected from each other at a predetermined position, and then moved to a predetermined position. The fluid cylinder 21 operates and the second slider 2
2, and pull up the optical outer diameter measuring device 23 from inside the main body cover 15 and move it to a predetermined position. The fluid cylinder 33 is activated to move the protective cover 34 and close the hole created in the main body cover 15-1-. The turret 10 determines the station where the required tool is installed and starts the next machining operation.

FIG. 6 shows an example of trial cutting and measurement. Fig. 6A shows outside diameter cutting tools a and b.

Cutting is performed sequentially as shown in the arrows at C, and then the inner diameter bits d and e are moved over the center, and cutting is performed sequentially as shown in the arrows.

FIG. 6B shows a state in which the workpiece 7 after the trial cutting is completed is being measured with an optical outer diameter measuring device.

In the shape of the end face of the workpiece, (a) to (e) are the parts cut by cutting tools ae, respectively.

Outer diameter detection control device 38 (here, reference coordinate memory 38a
, ill! A fixed memosa memory 38b section 38c and a control section 38 (1 are installed. (See Figure 7)) The reference coordinate memo 'J38a stores the reference machining diameter of the workpiece by each bite for each bite. .

The reference machining diameter is the outer diameter of the workpiece to be machined, and is usually a command value in the radial direction from the NC device 40.

(Normally, the radial command value from the NC device is displayed as a diameter. If it is displayed as a radius, double the value to obtain the diameter dimension.) When cutting the outside diameter normally, the command value from the NC device 40 is positive, so the standard machining diameter is a positive value, and when cutting the outside diameter with an over-centered inside diameter bar (l- , the command value from the NC device is negative, so the standard machining diameter is a negative value.Measurement memo IJ 38 b
In , the measurement result of the workpiece outer diameter corresponding to the cutting tool used for cutting is stored as a positive value for each tooling tool. The difference between the value of the reference coordinate memo 38a for each cutting tool used for cutting and the value in the measurement memory is calculated by the calculation unit 38c and fed back to the NC device 40 as a tool position correction value. In the calculation unit 38c, first, the reference coordinate memo')
38 Determine whether the value of a is positive or negative, and if it is positive, use the outer diameter bar ()
Since the cutting is done by
Since the cutting is performed by over-centering the inner diameter cutting tool, the sum of the numerical values in the measurement memory and the numerical values in the reference coordinate memory is fed back to the NC device as a tool position correction value.

The optical outer diameter measuring device 23 measures the point (e) and sends the measured value to the outer diameter detection control device 38, and the outer diameter detection control device 38 measures the tool of the cutting tool e in the above-described manner. Correct the position iT:, L, then move to position (d) and measure, and correct the tool position of bar (ld).

In this way, the tool positions of pi) a - e are corrected sequentially. Since the measured values and reference coordinate values are stored in each memory, it is also possible to correct the tool position after all measurements are completed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, by quickly and accurately measuring the outer diameter of the workpiece in a non-contact manner, the tool position of the bar can be corrected with high precision. can be created.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention (a non-contact online measuring device), Fig. 2 shows an example of the measurement principle of an optical outer diameter measuring instrument, and Fig. 3 shows an optical system according to the above principle. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the optical outer diameter measuring device, and FIG. 4(2) is a front view, and FIG. ) is a side view. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the connecting part between the non-contact online meter a+++ device and the turret, FIG. 6(A) is a diagram showing an example of trial cutting, and FIG. B) Figure is a diagram showing a state in which a portion subjected to trial cutting is measured. Figure 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the NC device and the optical outside diameter measuring device. 1- Headstock 2- Bed 4- Chuck 7 - Tool stand 10 - Turret Il - Workpiece 15 - Body force bar 18 - First slider 22 - Second slider
23- Optical outer diameter measuring instrument 34- Protective cover 35
- Connection frame 37- Magnet 38- Outer diameter detection control device 4O-NC device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) In turning processing, a means for non-contactly measuring the outer diameter of a workpiece after processing, regardless of whether the main spindle is stopped or rotating, and in a state where the workpiece is held by a chuck. an optical non-contact outer diameter measuring device, a holder for holding the optical non-contacting outer diameter measuring device, a cover for storing and protecting the optical non-contacting outer diameter measuring device, and an inside of the cover. In order to prevent dirt, dust, etc. from entering from the outside, there is provided a measuring device having a device for blowing air inside the cover, and the measuring device is installed independently in the longitudinal direction of the lathe and in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. a support device that is slidable; a drive unit that moves the measuring device to fixed positions on the inside and outside of the machine body cover; and the measuring device is located on the outside of the machine body cover while the lathe body is processing a workpiece; the measuring device and the cutter, which make it possible to position the measuring device in the longitudinal direction by means of a movable cover covering a hole formed on the machine body cover, its drive and a longitudinal drive device of the tool post; A non-contact online outer diameter measuring device having a connecting device that can connect and separate the bases. 2) Trial cut the outer diameter of the workpiece using the outside diameter tool, and then test the outer diameter of the workpiece using the inner diameter tool by moving the inner diameter tool over the center. By measuring the outside diameter of each workpiece using the tool, the tool positions of the outside diameter cutting tool and the inside diameter cutting tool can be corrected, and by continuing with main cutting, it is possible to cut the outside diameter and inside diameter of the workpiece. cutting method.