JPH0128880B2 - - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to fuses, and more particularly to an improved impact-detonated delay fuse for grenades and the like.

[Prior art and its problems]

There is a need for an inexpensive and reliable fuse for detonating civilian and military explosives. In particular, these fuses must meet a number of stringent criteria. For example, they are safe to manufacture, suitable for frequent inspection during assembly, provide reliable operation even if assembled incorrectly, and can be stored for long periods in adverse environmental conditions. , can be stored separately from explosives,
Installed immediately in the event of detonation, there is an essential fixed delay time between detonation and the desired detonation to avoid premature detonation, too late detonation (i.e., "delayed detonation"), or not detonating at all (misdetonation). It must be possible to provide

Many attempts have been made in the past to meet these requirements. Typical of these attempts is the delayed fuse or detonator manufactured by Alfred Nobel of West Germany. The fuse is an elongated hollow cylinder closed at one transverse end by a thin metal web formed integrally with the body. Remington #51/2
An anvil-type incendiary device ammunition detonator similar to a detonator is pressed against the internal cross-section of the web. To detonate the detonator, the firing pin must strike the web and transmit enough force through the web and the cup containing the explosive material to detonate the explosive. The integrally formed web prevents gas within the fuse from escaping around the detonator and from pushing the detonator out of one end of the fuse body, thereby eliminating delayed or misfires. gives rise to new problems. That is, since the firing pin force is indirectly applied to the detonator through the web, the sensitivity of the fuse is reduced, and if there is a gap between the detonator and the web, the result is a complete misfire. Reverse insertion of the detonator into the body during assembly of the fuse is also a possible problem due to the complicated manufacturing procedure, leading to a substantial increase in costs. Under such circumstances, the integrally formed web eliminates the need for an inexpensive and quick final visual inspection to determine whether the detonator is properly seated within the fuse body.

Furthermore, in Nobel fuses, the detonator is pressed against the internal surface of the transverse web by means of a hollow cylindrical tube, a spacer (or flame channel) and an inflatable chamber. The exterior surface of the tube chamber generally has a uniform outside diameter, but the interior surface is recessed to form an angular flange that supports the detonator against the web. A smaller diameter passage communicates the detonator recess with the larger diameter expansion chamber.

A hollow cylindrical housing for delay and start loading abuts the inflatable chamber within the spacer, with the hollow portion of the housing generally aligned with the inflatable chamber and the detonator.

The hollow part of this housing, adjacent to the inflatable chamber, is filled with delayed munitions, i.e., a series of signal grenades, which detonate at a predetermined rate to detonate the detonator and the grenade or other explosive. A desired delay time must be provided before the explosion actually occurs. The opposite end of this hollow cylindrical housing is filled with another charge, a detonator. The detonator completes successive detonations in response to delayed munitions and detonates in response to the arrival of the flame front. A buffer is filled in a hollow space between the initiator and the adjacent end of the housing.

Clearly, it is very possible to reverse the assembly of the delayed munition and the detonator housing, placing the detonator adjacent to the inflatable chamber, without employing more costly manufacturing procedures. If the housing is not correctly inserted and cannot be detected, a premature detonation will occur, with little delay between striking the detonator and detonating all of the ammunition.

Also, the open end of the Nobel Fuse has a thin metal finish.

That is, a cup-shaped retainer having an opening in the main body is pressed against the washer. The retainer opening is generally aligned with the central bore of the washer and the buffer sealing the ends of the delay and prime charge housings.

The retainer and the central volume of the fuse body associated with the retainer are loaded with a certain amount of compressed explosive charge. This explosive charge is loaded directly into the fuse body and cannot be independently inspected and tested. This may cause the fuse to malfunction.

A thin cushioning material is also pressed into the end of the fuse body and presses directly against the detonator. The end of the fuse body is sandwiched between detonation buffers, and the sandwiched ends and the buffer are coated with lacquer to form a waterproof wall. Compressed materials tend to move gradually;
In other words, the shape and size change slightly,
At the same time, the latsuka breaks and moisture enters through the gaps, which deteriorates the performance of the fuse.

Most of the problems of the prior art can be solved by implementing the present invention. That is, the transverse end of the fuse body on the detonator side does not have a thin web, but is instead internally flanged and has a centrally located hole into which the detonator is pressed with light force; This prevents gas leaks and detonator explosions after detonation. To ensure retention of the detonator and gas-tightness, an annular fuse body projects longitudinally from the periphery of the detonator hole and presses against the cup containing the explosive charge. If desired, the cup may be secured to the peripheral wall of the detonator hole using cement or adhesive.

Thus, the firing pin impact is applied directly to the detonator cup and the position of the detonator within the fuse body will affect immediate visual inspection. In this way, some fuse defects are overcome and the cost of quality inspection is also significantly lower.

By cutting the diameter of the portion of the fuse body adjacent to the detonator hole, the flame passage and expansion chamber can be formed integrally with the fuse body. Production costs are therefore further reduced by eliminating hollow tube chambers, spacers and expansion chambers. An eye flange or shield is formed at the end of the expandable chamber of the fuse body to position the hollow retardant charge relative to the detonator. The fuse body acts as a shrink fit with the outer surface of the delayed munition body. Since the adjacent wall of the fuse body and the outer surface of the delayed munition body are in close contact,
The flame or primer gas from the inflatable chamber is concentrated into a retardant munition filled in the hollow center of the retardant munition body. Bypassing of the delayed munition is eliminated by the escape of hot primer gases through the gap between the fuse body and the delayed munition body. Therefore, since the flame from the detonator cannot reach the detonator, premature detonation can be eliminated. A further feature of the invention is that the delayed ammunition body contains only delayed ammunition. Therefore, even if the delayed ammunition body is later inserted into the fuse body, the fuse operation will not change.

Additionally, the invention features the production of an integrally formed priming agent with its own priming agent. In general,
A metal pellet that is tightly attached to the fuse body is loaded with a detonator. Additionally, one end of the shot has an opening in alignment with the delayed charge. The volume of the shotgun near the opening is filled with a detonator. After the shot is inserted into the fuse body, the end of the fuse body is pressed against the exposed transverse end of the shot. Therefore, only continuous metal surfaces are in contact with the outside air. Therefore, deterioration of the fuse due to damage to the atmospheric moisture-proof seal can be prevented, and the life of the fuse can be extended.

[Purpose of the invention]

The object of the invention is to provide an improved fuse that provides higher reliability, longer life, easier quality inspection and significantly lower manufacturing costs.

[Explanation of Examples]

FIG. 1 shows an extended hollow cylindrical fuse body 10.
shows. A transverse flange 11 is provided at the end of the fuse body 10. This flange 11 is provided with a centrally located detonator hole 12 . The periphery of the detonator hole has a longitudinally projecting ring 13 concentric with the longitudinal axis 14 . Flange 1
1, the fuse can also be threaded to fit other types of munitions and explosives.

The percussion tube 15 is pressed into the detonator hole 12 in a smooth, slip-fitting manner. Also, a suitable adhesive is applied to the contact surfaces of percussion tube 15 and the surrounding wall forming hole 12 to seat the detonator securely in the hole and prevent detonator gases from escaping between these two surfaces; Alternatively, it is also possible to prevent the detonator 15 from being pushed out of the hole when detonated.

The detonator 15 shown in FIG. 1 is a standard anvil-type incendiary ammunition detonator and is equivalent to the Remington #51/2 detonator. The detonator 15 is placed upside down in a metal cup 16, and the circumference of the cup 16 is fixed to an internal flange 17 formed within the fuse body 10, so that the detonator 15 can be moved from a larger diameter expansion type. A spacer or flame passageway 20 is created that extends into the chamber 21.

An annular relief 22 in the fuse body 10 serves as a stop for the delayed ammunition housing 23. As shown, the relief 22 defines the end of the inflatable chamber 21. The tight fit between the external cylindrical surface of the delayed munition housing 23 and the mating flange internal contact surface of the fuse body 10 is an important point of this invention. This close contact allows the flame of the detonator 15 to spread between the housing 23 and the fuse body 1.
0 through the gap between the 0 and 10 mm to prevent it from flowing out and bypassing the retardant munition 24 in the hollow center of the housing 23. Thus, by securing the delayed munition housing 23 to the annular relief 22, the adjacent external surfaces of the fuse body 10 can be brought into intimate contact between adjacent surfaces.

In FIG. 1, a small cavity 25 is provided in the delayed ammunition housing 23. A space 25 is formed in the delayed ammunition housing 23 for manufacturing reasons, but does not affect the function of the fuse.
Therefore, the positioning of the delayed ammunition housing 23 and the percussion tube 15 within the fuse body 10 is not critical and does not necessarily impair the function of the fuse. In this manner, the need for elaborate and expensive manufacturing procedures to provide correct delay munition positioning during fuse assembly is eliminated.

The base of the delayed munition housing 23 supports the crimp end of a generally cylindrical priming charge container 26. The crimp end of the container 26 defines a centrally located opening 27 that is essentially concentric with the longitudinal axis 14 of the fuse body 10.

The opening 27 is sealed by a metal foil disk 30 whose periphery is pressed between the crimp end of the container 26 and the starting charge 31. container 2
The remaining portion within 6 is filled with explosive charge 32.

A sliding fit between the container 26 and the housing wall of the fuse body 10 is desirable. Furthermore, the container 26 and the metal foil 30 must be bonded in such a way as to protect the starting charge 31 and the detonator charge 32 from moisture, as well as to protect many other important parts. For example, by combining the starting charge 31 and the detonator charge 32, the positioning of the delaying charge housing with respect to the percussion tube 15 had to be quite strict in the prior art, but the present application solves such problems. can do. Furthermore, the container 26 and the cased ammunition 31, 32 can be inspected as a unit before inspection of the fuse body 10. In the conventional technology, the explosive charge was simply loaded into the fuse body without inspection.
The container 26 is also configured to be easily controlled after assembly into the fuse body 10 for quick, accurate and inexpensive visual inspection. It is only necessary to avoid exposing the foil 30 at the base of the fuse to ensure proper positioning of the container 26 after insertion relative to the percussion tube 15.

As shown in FIG. 3, the end 33 of the fuse body 10 is crimped against the base of the explosive charge container 26, pressing the assembled fuse parts together.

FIG. 2 shows another feature of the present invention, in which a ring 13 surrounding the percussion tube hole 12 is connected to the percussion tube 15.
The percussion tube 15 is crimped to the base of the fuse body 10 to allow attachment of the percussion tube 15 and prevent the percussion tube 15 from being ejected from the fuse body 10 when it is detonated.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the delayed ammunition 34. An undercut 36 is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the housing 35 to reduce thermal conductivity between the delayed munition housing 35 and the adjacent wall of the fuse body 10. The undercut has a longitudinally uniform diameter between its longitudinal ends. This undercut 36 creates an open thermal barrier 37 between the outer surface of the housing 35 and the wall of the fuse body 10.

However, if the delayed ammunition 40 is bypassed by passing between the delayed ammunition housing 35 and the fuse body 10, the flame from the percussion tube 15 will cause a premature explosion. Therefore, in order to perform a hot gas check of the housing 35, welded ends 41, 42 are attached to both longitudinal ends of the delayed ammunition housing 35.
is formed. These welded ends 41, 42 are in close contact with the internal walls of the fuse body 10, preventing the flame of the percussion tube from bypassing through the thermal barrier and providing thermal insulation for pre-detonation and delayed munitions 34. is prevented.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. The fuse body 43 has a flange 44 near the percussion tube. This flange 44 forms the bottom of an O-ring 45 which engages the longitudinal wall of the fuse body 43 defining a percussion tube bore 46.

The cross section of the flange 44 facing the surface on which the O-ring 45 is seated forms an insulating sleeve 47 of plastic or the like. This sleeve 47 tightly fits the outer surface of the fuse body 43 and has a length approximately equal to the length of the delayed munition and housing housing section 51 and the expansion chamber 50.
covers the outer surface of

Sleeve 47 proximate flange 44 is threaded 52 and configured to allow the fuse to be operably coupled to the main explosive charge.

During operation, the percussion tube explodes due to an explosion from the firing pin or the like to the percussion tube 15 (FIG. 1). The crimp ring 13 prevents the percussion tube from ejecting from the fuse body 10 and allows the flame or hot gases of the percussion tube to flow through the flame path 20 into the expansion chamber 21 . Upon exiting the expansion chamber 21, the delayed ammunition housing 2
3 and the adjacent internal wall of the fuse body 10, the powder train of the delayed charge 24 ignites;
The bomb explodes for a predetermined period of time before reaching the detonator container 26.

The flame, or hot gas, from the delayed charge 24 burns through the foil disc 30 and the starting charge 31
As a result, the explosive charge 31 explodes with sufficient explosive force to explode the main ammunition (not shown).

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to visually check the quality, and it is possible to provide a highly reliable and inexpensive fuse with a simple structure that allows reliable operation even if assembled incorrectly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an overall sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 1 in a pressed state; Figure 3 is the embodiment of Figure 1 in a pressed state. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the delayed ammunition housing; and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the fuse body. 11... Transverse flange, 12... Detonator hole, 13
...Ring, 14...Vertical axis, 15...Percussion tube,
16...Metal cup, 17...Internal flange, 2
0...flame passage (spacer), 21...expansion type chamber, 23...delayed ammunition housing, 26...
Cylindrical explosive charge container, 27...opening, 30...
Metal foil disk, 31... Starting ammunition, 43...
...Fuse body, 47...Sleeve, 52...Thread cutting, 46...Percussion tube hole.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A fuse body 10 having a percussion tube hole 12 passing through the elongated hollow cylindrical fuse body 10; A variable ring 13 circumscribing the hole 12 so as to crimp the hole 12; a flame path 20 formed in the fuse body; a flame path 20 formed in the fuse body;
an inflatable chamber 21 in gas communication with the percussion tube hole 12 through; an annular relief 22 formed in the fuse body, terminating the inflatable chamber 21 and forming a stopper; one longitudinal direction; a delayed ammunition housing 23, the end of which supports said stopper; directly engages the other longitudinal end of said delayed ammunition housing 23, is longitudinally aligned with said delayed ammunition housing 23, and is aligned with said housing; an initiating charge container 26 in gas communication; a starting charge 31 adjacent to said container opening 27;
and; the container 2 actuated by the starting charge 31;
6 and a variable end 33 that crimps the delayed ammunition container 26 to the fuse body 10 to retain the container 26 and the delayed ammunition housing 23 within the fuse body. A fuse characterized by being installed in. 2. The delayed munitions housing 23 has a cylindrical external surface and the fuse body 10 has an internal surface adjacent to the delayed munitions housing 23 which operates in intimate contact. Fuses listed in section. 3 the delayed munitions housing 23 has an undercut longitudinal outer surface to create a thermal barrier 37 between the delayed munitions housing 23 and the fuse body 1;
2. The fuse of claim 1 further comprising a pair of longitudinally spaced beats 41, 42 at opposite ends of the delayed munition housing 23 to provide a gas check between the fuse and the fuse. . 4. The percussion tube 15 is configured to perform a gas check between the percussion tube hole 12 and the percussion tube 15.
2. The fuse according to claim 1, wherein the percussion tube 15 is adhesively fixed to a wall of the fuse body forming the percussion tube hole 12 and is seated within the percussion tube hole 12. 5. The fuse according to claim 1, further comprising a sleeve 47 that covers only a part of the outer surface of the fuse body 43 and provides thermal insulation from the fuse body 43. 6. The sleeve 47 is further characterized in that a part of its outer surface is threaded.
Fuses listed in section. 7. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that a flange (44) is disposed laterally on the fuse body (43), and the variable ring (13) is formed from the flange (44). 8 The threading of the sleeve 47 is the percussion tube hole 4.
6. The fuse according to claim 5, wherein the fuse is formed near 6.