JPH01281458A - Toner for developing electrostatically charged image - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable uniform cleaning of a toner on a photosensitive body and to prevent deterioration of a picture by adding a fluidity improving additive or a charge controlling agent to toner particles consisting primarily of a binder resin and a coloring material and blending the added materials under high blending energy, then performing low energy blending after adding a cleaning additive. CONSTITUTION:The title toner is prepd. by admixing a fluidity improving additive or a charge controlling agent to a toner consisting primarily of a binder resin and a coloring material, then admixing a cleaning additive thereto. The blending of the fluidity improving additive or the charge controlling agent with the toner particles is performed using high blending energy. The blending of the cleaning additive with the afore-mentioned mixture is performed using low blending energy. Thus, the cleanability of the toner is improved, and generation of white spots in a picture during copying for a long time is also prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrostatic image developing toner used for developing electrostatic latent images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a toner for developing D charge images that improves cleaning performance and does not cause cleaning failures, especially in electrophotographic photoreceptors in which a blade cleaning method is adopted.

As a conventional technique and a secondary photographic method, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 2,297
, No. 691, Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-23910 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-24748, etc.
Various methods are known, but in general, an electrostatic charge image is formed on a photoreceptor by various means using a photoconductive substance, and then the electrostatic charge image is developed using a toner. If necessary, after transferring the image to paper or the like, the powder image is fixed by heating or solvent vapor to obtain a copy. Then, in order to form an electrostatic image again, it is necessary to clean the photoreceptor by some method, but instability in the cleaning process at this time tends to cause image deterioration over time.

Conventionally, methods to solve this problem include methods of supplying a lubricant to the surface of the photoreceptor to prevent it from sticking, adding resin powder such as fluororesin to the photoreceptor itself, or adding inorganic materials such as silica or alumina. Adding fine powder to prevent direct contact between toner and photoreceptor, abrasive effect (thus preventing grooves and valleys), or supplying fatty acid metal salt-based lubricant from toner to facilitate cleaning, etc. 2. Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when externally adding these external additives to toner,
If multiple external additives are added and mixed at the same time, the functional (20%) of each external additive will not be sufficiently generated, and even if the cleaning operation is performed every minute at the beginning, the Poor cleaning and toner sticking to the photoreceptor are likely to occur.

This phenomenon is remarkable in an electrophotographic system that employs a node cleaning method, and becomes especially noticeable when a sheet-like organic photoreceptor is used as the photoreceptor.

The present invention is based on the prior art. This was done with the aim of solving the problems mentioned above. Therefore, the objects of the present invention are <1) to provide a toner for developing an electrostatic image that is less likely to adhere to a photoreceptor;
To provide a toner for developing an electrostatic image that can uniformly clean the toner on a photoreceptor and does not cause image deterioration.
3) To provide a toner for developing electrostatic images that does not easily cause deterioration of the photoreceptor.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention involves adding a flow aid or a charge control agent to toner particles containing stone resin and a coloring agent as main components, performing high-energy blending, and then adding a cleaning aid. , a distant relative by low-energy blends.

Therefore, the toner for developing an electrostatic image of the present invention is obtained by adding and mixing a flow aid or a charge control agent to toner particles whose main components are a stone resin and a colorant, and then adding and mixing a cleaning aid. It is characterized by being

The flow aids or charge control agents used in the present invention include normally used inorganic fine powders such as titania, alumina, silica, tin oxide, zirconia, and magnesia, as well as fine resin powders. Alternatively, any fine powder known as a charge control agent can be used. Among these, titania, alumina, silica, and tin oxide are particularly preferable because they are highly effective.

Further, as cleaning aids, fine resin powders such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyatrafluoroethylene may be used, but compounds such as fatty acid amides, fatty acid esters, fatty acid metal salts, waxes, etc. It is particularly preferable to use , since the effect is large.

In the present invention, known toner particles can be used. Binder resins used in the toner particles include styrenes such as styrene and chlorostyrene; monoolefins such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, and isoprene;
Vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, α-methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters such as butyl methacrylate and dodecyl methacrylate; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, and vinyl butyl ether;
Typical examples of stone resins include polystyrene, styrene-alkyl diacrylate copolymer, styrene -methacrylic positive argyl copolymer, styrene-acryloni 1
~Ryl copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, polyethylene, ijζ
Lipropylene, polyester, etc. can also be used.

In addition, as a detergent for chemicals 1 to 1, if it is publicly available, especially ff1lJ (for example, carbon black, oil black, Kuroe C, nigrosine dye pestle 1, aniline blue, chromium ” Niro, Ultramarine Blue Methylene 1 Leucloride, Phthalocyanine Blue, Malachite Green Oxalate, Lamp Black, Rose Bengal, C. 1. Pigment Red 48:1,
C. 1. Pigment Red 122, C. ! ．． Pigment Red 57:1, C. 1. Pigmen 1-Yellow 97, C. 1. Pigmen i to yellow i2,
C. 1. Pigment Blue 15:1, C. 1. Pigment Blue 153, etc. can be exemplified as a representative example.

In addition to the calculus resin and the coloring agent, an internal additive may be used as a third component in the l.na. The internal additives are not particularly limited as long as they are known, and for example, charging agents such as quaternary ammonium salts and metal complexes, and anti-offset aids such as wax can be used.

! ~ Luna child is about 30m or less, preferably 3-20m
can be used.

The electrostatic image developing toner of the present invention is produced as follows. That is, first, the flow aid or charge control agent is added to the toner particles, and the mixture is blended with high energy using a blender such as a Henschel mixer. The addition ω is 0.01 to 5.
The amount is set to 0 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 4.0 parts by weight.

The cleaning aids described above are then added to the mixture and low energy blended in a Henschel mixer. Addendum J] OLi is 0.0% for 100 toner particles. 01-2.0 condolence department, preferably 0, 1-1
．． The amount is set within the range of 5 parts by weight.

Here, a high-energy blend is a blend in which each component is mixed in a Henschel mixer for a long time and/or under conditions of high circumferential speed, and the additives do not easily fall off from the toner between the development process and the cleaning process. It means mixing under a high-strength row 1, and it means mixing under a Henschel mixer for a short time and/or at a low circumferential speed, so that it can be easily cleaned from the development process to the cleaning process. ]/Means that the blending agent is mixed under conditions where the blending strength is such that it does not fall off from the toner.

In the present invention, when producing a toner for developing an electrostatic image,
Addition and mixing of flow aids or N-control agents (with a high energy blend) and addition of cleaning aids and mixing (with a low energy blend). If the conditions are other than those mentioned above, there is a possibility that a toner having good leaning properties may not be obtained.

The electrostatic image developing toner of the present invention can be used either as a -component developer or as a two-component developer.

Further, the electrostatic charge phenomenon @ toner 1 of the present invention can be applied to any type of electrophotographic photoreceptor, including but not limited to polyamide, polyurethane, polyester,
A blade cleaning method that uses an endless belt-shaped organic photoreceptor made of epoxy, polyvinyl ketone, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl carbazole, polyacrylamide, etc. and whose surface layer is mainly composed of organic substances, and which is cleaned with a blade made of polyurethane elastomer. It is preferable to apply this method to a device that employs the following method, as it produces particularly excellent effects.

Example The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Polyester 35-terminally dimethylamine ethylated
n hanging 815, polypropylene wax 1.5 funeral hanging 8 [S
, styrene-n-butyl methacrylate (weighting 60;
40) Copolymer 55 small hanging part and C, 1, pigment.
Blue 15:3 8.5×Ibe was kneaded, pulverized, and classified to obtain blue toner particles with an average particle size of 12 μm.

2.0 parts by weight of TlO2 fine powder (P25, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil ■) was added to 100 parts by weight of the (-ner particles), and the mixture was heated in a Henschel mixer at a circumferential speed of 33 m/Sec.
Mixed for 30 minutes at
and mixed for 3 minutes at a circumferential speed of 16 m/sec to obtain a toner.

On the other hand, stylene butyl methacrylate (65:35)
30 parts by weight of copolymer and magnetite (EPT-100
0, manufactured by Toda T. Co., Ltd.>70 Shigenobu was kneaded, crushed, and classified to obtain a carrier with an average particle size of 35 ps.

1 part by weight of the above toner 7 layers and 93 parts by weight of the above carrier are mixed to prepare a two-component developer, and before electrophotographic copying (FX-77
A copy test was conducted using a 90 modified machine 1 manufactured by Fuji Pirox (equipped with Blade Creep). the result,
500. (Up to the 100th sheet, no white spots or poor cleaning occurred, and good images were obtained.

Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, T r o2 fine powder and ethylene bisstearamide were added at the same time, and the circumferential speed was 33 m/m.
A [-ner] was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the mixture was mixed at sec for 30 minutes, and a copy test was conducted in the same manner. As a result, cleaning failures occurred after the 50,000th sheet.

Comparative Example 2 In Example 1, after mixing ethylene bisstearamide with a Henschel mixer for 3 minutes at a circumferential speed of 16 m/Sec, the T r o2 powder was mixed at a circumferential speed of 32 m/Sec.
A toner was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that it was mixed for 30 minutes under EC conditions, and a copy test was conducted in the same manner. As a result, cleaning failures occurred after the 50,000th sheet.

Example 2 Propylene polymer and styrene-n-butyl methacrylate
1 to 54 parts by weight of kraft polymer of copolymer, styrene-
36 parts by weight of n-butyl methacrylate crosslinked polymer and 10 parts by weight of C,1, Pigment Red 48:1 were kneaded, pulverized and classified to obtain (qq) red toner particles having an average particle size of 12JJJn.

For this toner particle 100 quick part, Al2031:
! Add 1.5 parts by weight of i-powder (Aluminum Oxide C1 Nippon Aerosil 1 Vermilion) and use a Henschel mixer.
After mixing for 20 minutes at a circumferential speed of 46 m/Sec, 1.2Φ half part of zinc stearate was added, and the circumferential speed was 16 m/sec.
．． - Toner was mixed for 3 minutes under SeC conditions.

When a bee test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, good images were obtained without white cast or cleaning defects until the 500,000th sheet.

Comparative Example 3 Example 2G: After mixing zinc stearate with a Henschel mixer for 3 minutes at a circumferential speed of 1 em/sec, 1203 fine powder was mixed for 20 minutes at a circumferential speed of 46 Ill/sec. Except for this, a toner was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, and a copy test was conducted in the same manner. As a result, cleaning failures occurred after the 30,000th sheet.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above comparison, the toner for developing an electrostatic image of the present invention first has a band 7 on the toner particles as described above.
4 It is manufactured by adding and mixing a cleaning agent or a flow aid, and then adding and mixing a cleaning aid. (No white spots will occur in the image even if the image is blurred.) Therefore, the toner for developing electrostatic charge images of the present invention can be used for developing electrostatic latent images in electrophotography and electrostatic recording. It is extremely useful as a one-component developer or a two-component developer.

Patent applicant Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Agent
Patent attorney Seibu 111 hand sacrilege Jinsho divination (ji) Appointed in 1984 July 6th Yujisheicho 艮'bi Furumi Mata Takeshi 12'1. Kei 11
Display of Akira! 110493 No. 3, Liaison between Neo and Burui Kushika Patent applicant Address: Yakyoto 3-3-5 Akasaka, Minato-ku Name: <
549) Xerox Xerox Company Representative Ministry Kobayashi Haruto 9
5.] Contents of the Seendo (1) The text ``Does not fall off'' on page 9, line 13 of Mei 4H has been corrected to ``1 falls off''.

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Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) Electrostatic charge characterized by being formed by adding and mixing a charge control agent or flow aid to toner particles whose main components are a binder resin and a colorant, and then adding and mixing a cleaning aid. Toner for image development. (2) The toner for developing electrostatic images according to claim 1, wherein the flow aid or charge control agent is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titania, alumina, silica, and tin oxide. (3) The toner for developing electrostatic images according to claim (1), wherein the cleaning aid is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of fatty acid amide, fatty acid ester, fatty acid metal salt, and wax. (4) Claims (1) to (3) wherein the flow aid or charge control agent is added and mixed using a high energy blend, and the cleaning aid is added and mixed using a low energy blend. ) The toner for developing electrostatic images. (5) The toner for developing an electrostatic image according to any one of claims (1) to (4) for use in an electrophotographic photoreceptor employing a blade cleaning method. (6) The toner for developing an electrostatic image according to any one of claims (1) to (5) for use in an endless belt-like organic photoreceptor.