JPH0127844Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Technical field of the invention) This invention is a fluid containing insoluble contaminants, especially a fluid containing many fine particles in the contaminants. The present invention relates to a solid-liquid separator for separation into solid-liquid particles, which is equipped with a means for scraping solid matter (cake) adhering to the surface of a filter medium from the filter medium.

(Technical background of the invention and its problems) Cutting oil waste fluid, polishing waste fluid, etc. discharged from cutting machines, polishing machines, etc. contain relatively high concentrations of insoluble contaminants and fine particles. It often contains a lot of. For this reason, conventional general filtration equipment cannot be applied, and various types of solid-liquid separation equipment are used, but since the entire equipment is complex and large-scale, it is said that they are provided for each machine or each series. It was common for an entire factory to have one unit.

The equipment used for each machine or line was a centrifugal separator, a separator using magnetic force, or a combination of these with a conventional filter, but the processing capacity and separation capacity were limited. However, the running cost was low and the running cost was high. In particular, it was extremely inadequate for the purpose of collecting and reusing expensive cutting oil, polishing fluid, etc., and required further precision filtration in order to reuse it. .

Therefore, we developed a solid-liquid separator (patent application) that has a simple, inexpensive, and compact structure that corrects the above-mentioned drawbacks.
57-140289), but even in the solid-liquid separator mentioned above, the average particle size of the contaminants in the solid-liquid mixed fluid (hereinafter abbreviated as undiluted solution) containing a large amount of contaminants (several thousand ppm or more) is In cases where the solid content is several microns (μm) or less, as it is used, the solid content that is uniformly layered on the surface of the filter medium cannot be removed simply by scraping. If there is expansion or other distortion, it will be difficult to perform a certain level of scraping work, and the processing capacity will be reduced, and eventually solid-liquid separation work and work related to this equipment will be stopped and interrupted, causing layers to build up on the surface of the filter media. It is necessary to remove the solid content from the surface of the filter medium by some method to regenerate the processing capacity.
In the above-mentioned filter media regeneration work, not only the solid-liquid separation equipment but also the work related to this equipment is stopped and interrupted. It has been pointed out that this method is unsuitable for separation work, not only hinders the smooth working process, but also reduces the original workability due to the additional work process of regenerating the filter medium.

(Purpose of the invention) This invention was made due to the above-mentioned circumstances, and the purpose of this invention is to provide a scraping means for scraping off the solid content layered on the surface of the filter medium, as well as a method of cutting the surface of the filter medium. The object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid separator that has a stable processing capacity over a long period of time by providing a cutting means for regenerating the processing capacity.

(Summary of the invention) This invention seals both ends of a cylindrical filter medium made of a hard porous body with continuous pores with flanges connected to a rotating shaft, and maintains the inside of the filter medium in a reduced pressure state using a decompression means. is rotated, the solid-liquid mixed fluid containing the impurities is sprayed on the surface of the filter medium, and the liquid content is suctioned and removed due to the pressure difference, so that the solid content accumulates in a layer on the surface of the filter medium, and the side part The solid content and the liquid content are separated by scraping off the accumulated layer with a scraping means provided along the filter medium, and the reduced pressure state is periodically released to remove the accumulated layer on the surface of the filter medium. The solid content that could not be removed by the scraping means is removed by the cutting means, thereby continuously maintaining stable processing capacity of the filter medium for a long period of time, and the time for separating the solid content and liquid content of the solid-liquid mixed fluid. This is a solid-liquid separator that can shorten the time.

(Embodiment of the invention) The solid-liquid separator according to this invention limits the properties of the filter medium to hard ones, thereby eliminating the drawbacks of conventional solid-liquid separators. In other words, conventional solid-liquid separators using porous bodies use a soft porous body, such as a belt-like one, as a filter medium, and remove the liquid content by means of squeezing or compression.
Since it is of the type that separates the solid content contained, the equipment is extremely large-scale and inefficient, and it has been difficult to obtain a compact and highly efficient equipment. In addition, when using a soft filter medium in a type of device that uses differential pressure to remove liquid content like this invention, a perforated cylindrical frame made of metal or plastic is used as the core, and the filter medium is placed around the outer periphery of the cylindrical frame made of metal or plastic. It requires a lot of time and effort to prepare as it needs to be rolled in layers.

However, when using a hard material as in this invention, for example, if one uses an integrally molded material, there is no need for a core, and it can be attached and taken off as is, and when creating a filter material, there is no need for the complexity of winding layers and pasting. It is possible to omit. Furthermore, in the case of soft filter media,
There are also problems related to dimensional stability such as deformation and blinding due to suction during use, and it is not sufficient to scrape off the layered buildup that forms on the surface of the filter medium.
Therefore, it cannot withstand continuous operation for a long period of time, but if a hard filter medium is used as in this invention, this problem can be completely solved. Furthermore, there is less damage to the material itself, and the period of use can be significantly extended. The hard porous body with continuous pores referred to here may be a honeycomb-like structure having countless pores linearly continuous from the outer layer to the inner layer, but it may also be a three-dimensional network structure. It is more preferable that the pores have a structural organization and each pore is irregularly continuous. The material may be porous ceramic, sintered metal porous body, metal wire mesh laminate, sintered resin porous body, hard resin porous body, or fibrous porous body made of laminated nonwoven fabric or yarn. It may be a material treated with a thermosetting resin and cured, but a hard resin porous material is particularly suitable from the viewpoint of ease of controlling the pore diameter, light weight, etc. Examples of hard resin porous bodies include cured urethane resins, porous polyvinyl formal resins treated with thermosetting resins, and porous thermosetting resins. , there are no particular limitations.

However, even in a solid-liquid separation device using a hard porous filter medium as described above, the pore size of the filter medium must be set to be less than or equal to the above particle size, especially when the stock solution contains fine particle contaminants with an average particle size of 1 μm or less. However, because the particle size is very fine, some of the particles may be trapped in the filter medium, or the filter medium may be deformed during molding.
Due to expansion due to liquid and other distortions, a layer of cake remains unevenly in the slight gap between the scraping means and the filter medium, and this uneven cake layer on the surface of the filter medium reduces the surface area of the filter medium. By increasing the water flow pressure loss, stable solid-liquid separation becomes difficult to perform. Furthermore, if the cake is evenly layered on the surface of the filter medium, it is difficult to remove it using the scraping means alone, and the thickness of the layered cake gradually increases, reducing processing capacity. It turns out. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, even if the contact pressure of the scraping means to the filter medium is increased, uneven contact will not only generate vibrations but also cause wear and tear of the scraping means. It can also be a cause. Therefore, a means is provided to remove the cake that cannot be removed by the scraping means by cutting it, and by performing the above-mentioned scraping and cutting alternately, the solid-liquid separator has a stable filtration capacity for a long time. It will be maintained for a period of time.

Next, an embodiment of this invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of this invention. In this figure, 1 is a cylindrical filter medium having pores (filtration holes) with a diameter of 0.1 to 200 μm on its outer peripheral surface. The axial end face of the cylindrical filter medium 1 is sealed with disk-shaped side plates 5A and 5B, and a hollow rotating shaft 4 is inserted through the center hole thereof. Since the filter medium 1 has continuous pores and is hydrophilic, liquid components in the stock solution smoothly permeate into the inside due to capillary action. As a result, the filtration resistance becomes small, and the liquid component in the stock solution can be easily sucked into the cylindrical chamber of the cylindrical filter 1 without reducing the internal pressure of the cylindrical filter medium 1 that much. Further, the cylindrical filter medium 1 is connected to the main body via a rotating shaft 2 at the other end, and a hollow rotating shaft 4
A pulley 11 is provided in the middle of the pulley 11 , and a belt 14</b>A is wound between the pulley 11 and the drive wheel 14 of the reduction mechanism 13 , and the motor 12 is connected to the reduction mechanism 13 . The cylindrical filter medium 1 is installed so that its lower half is almost buried in the stock solution tank 7, and the stock solution 31 is discharged from the drain hole 30 of the long pipe and sprayed on the surface of the filter medium 1, and is not sucked. undiluted solution 31
is received in the stock solution tank 7. On the opposite side of the filter medium 1, there is a scraper 6 as a scraping means for scraping off the cake 32 formed on the surface of the filter medium 1, and its tip is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the filter medium 1 via a spring 62. A container 61 is installed below the scraper 6 to receive the scraped cake 32. Further, a suction pump 81 is connected to the end of the hollow rotating shaft 4 via a pipe 8, and a filter medium 1
The liquid component sucked from the cylindrical chamber is stored in a container (not shown). Furthermore, a cutting means 9 is provided above the scraper 6 to remove the cake 32 layered on the surface of the filter medium by cutting it, and as shown in FIG. A screw 93 is screwed into the screw hole inserted through the mounting base 92 in parallel to the longitudinal axis direction -' of the filter medium 1, and one end of the screw 93 is pivotally connected to a motor 94 fixed to the mount 95A. , the other end is pivotally supported by the pedestal 95B, and the cutting blade 91 moves forward and backward in the -' direction by the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 94.
Limiter 96 provided in contact with 95B
It is designed to be stopped by A and 96B. Further, the cutting blade 91 is mounted on the blade mounting base 92 so that it can be moved back and forth in the direction of the Y-Y′ axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the filter medium by means of the screw portion, screw hole, and motor (not shown) as described above. It's getting old.

To explain the outline of filter media regeneration by filtration and cutting in such a solid-liquid separator, when the stock solution 31 is supplied onto the stock solution tank 7 from the drain hole 30, some of it is removed by the suction force of the suction pump 81. The liquid component is sucked into the cylindrical chamber of the cylindrical filter medium 1, and the cake 32 accumulates in a layer on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical filter medium 1. The liquid component sucked into the cylindrical filter medium 1 is discharged into the external container via the pipe 18, and the cake 32 accumulated on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical filter medium 1 is removed into the container 81 by the scraper 6 provided along the side surface. It is scraped off, thereby performing solid-liquid separation. That is, the stock solution 31 is discharged from a drain hole 30 connected to a drain pipe of a cutting machine, a polishing machine, etc., and is sprayed on the upper surface of the filter medium 1. The filter medium 1 is a suction pump 8 such as a liquid pump with high self-priming ability, a vacuum pump, or an ejector.
1 is kept in a reduced pressure state via the pipe 8 and the hollow rotating shaft 4, and is gently rotated in the direction of arrow A by the drive of the motor 12, so that the filter material 1 is not sprayed onto the surface of the filter material 1. The liquid content of the stock solution passes through the filter medium 1 due to suction action, and is discharged from the system through the hollow rotary shaft 4 as a liquid absorption hole through the pipe 8, while the solid content remains on the surface and forms a stable cake layer. The layer of cake 32 is scraped and removed by the scraper 6, and at the same time the surface of the filter medium 1 is renewed in this area. The stock solution tank 7 is a tank that receives the excess stock solution 31, and has a structure in which the lower part of the cylindrical filter medium 1 is accommodated, and if the stock solution 31 is present in this part, it is sucked and separated by the same action. will be carried out.

Note that an automatic valve (not shown) may be provided at the bottom of the stock solution tank 7 to return the excess stock solution 31 to its original state.

However, just by pressing the scraper 6 as described above, the cake 32 layered on the surface of the filter medium 1 cannot be completely removed as described above, and the filter medium regeneration work to remove the cake 32 is not completed. It becomes necessary. The filter medium regeneration operation by the cutting means 9 will be explained below.

In FIG. 1, the inside of the filter medium 1 must be kept in a reduced pressure state by a suction pump 81 in order to suck the liquid part of the stock solution, the vacuum valve 10 is closed, and the cutting blade 91 is fixed at a position where it does not touch the surface of the filter medium. ing. Therefore, as mentioned above, the cake 32 that could not be completely removed by the scraper 6 is adsorbed internally on the surface of the filter medium, and the layer gradually grows, reducing the processing capacity of the solid-liquid separator. In order to recover the processing capacity of the solid-liquid separator, the filtration operation is interrupted, and the filter medium regeneration operation by cutting is started. That is, first, the supply of the stock solution 31 is stopped, and the suction pump 81 is stopped to facilitate peeling off the solid content layered on the surface of the filter medium, and at the same time, the vacuum valve 10 is interlocked to remove the solid content layered on the surface of the cylindrical filter medium 1. By opening the cylindrical chamber to the atmosphere, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter medium 1 disappears. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the blade 91, which had been stopped at one end of the X-X' axis, for example, 96B, touches the surface of the filter medium 1 along the Y-Y' axis direction. The motor 94 is rotated until the limiter 96A is activated and stopped in the X' direction along the X-X' axis, and the filter medium surface is moved forward by a predetermined amount in the Y direction shown in the figure. The cake 32 stacked on the filter is removed by cutting, and the removed cake 32 is scraped off from the surface of the filter by a scraper 6 pressed against the surface of the filter and stored in a container 61. Even during the above cutting/removing operation, the filter medium 1
continues to rotate in the direction A in the figure by the above means, and if the moving speed in the X-X' axis direction is set to match the above rotation speed, the entire surface of the filter medium will be rotated.
The stacked cake 32 is removed and the filter medium is regenerated. Here, if only the cake 32 layered on the surface of the filter medium 1 is to be removed, the cutting blade 91 may be moved forward in the Y direction in the figure until it comes into contact with the surface of the filter medium. If the filter medium is clogged, or if the surface is uneven due to deformation of the filter medium during molding, eccentricity, expansion due to liquid, or other distortions as described above, the cutting blade 91 is further advanced in the Y direction shown in the figure. By cutting the filter medium, the deformation, eccentricity, distortion, and clogging can be removed, and a uniform filter medium can be formed.

In the solid-liquid separator in which the filter medium is regenerated as described above, at the same time as the cutting blade moves backward and away from the surface of the filter medium in the Y' direction shown in the figure, the vacuum valve 10 is closed, and at the same time, the suction pump 81 is operated in conjunction with the cutting blade. It is activated, the stock solution 91 is supplied, and the above-mentioned filtration work is restarted. By performing such filtration operations and filter media regeneration operations by cutting regularly and automatically, continuous and long-term stable solid-liquid separation is possible even for stock solutions with fine particle sizes and high concentration of impurities. Be able to work.

(Effect of the invention) According to the solid-liquid separator of this invention, as described above, scraping off the cake layered on the surface of the filter medium and cutting off the cake that could not be removed by scraping alone are performed alternately. As a result, the filter medium is regularly regenerated, and the surface of the filter medium can be formed uniformly, making it easier to scrape off. Even with concentrated contaminants in concentrated solutions, the filter medium can be regenerated continuously and for a long period of time. Not only can stable filtration processing capacity be obtained and the processing time for stock solutions be shortened, but also a clean filtrate can be obtained from many filtration stock solutions at low cost and in large quantities. Currently, there are problems with unit operations such as solid-liquid separation of polishing waste liquid or filtration of oil used in electric discharge machines, but by using the solid-liquid separation device of this invention, the solid-liquid separation and filtration required. This makes it possible to realize a significant reduction in costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of this invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a main part of the filter medium cutting means of this invention. 1... Filter medium, 6... Scraper, 7... Stock solution tank, 8... Suction pipe, 9... Filter medium cutting means, 1
0... Vacuum valve, 91... Cutting blade, 92... Blade mounting base.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A cylindrical filter medium made of a hard porous material having continuous pores, a side plate connected to a rotating shaft and rotatably sealing both ends of the filter medium, and an internal space formed by the filter medium and the side plate maintained in a reduced pressure state. Only the liquid portion of the solid-liquid mixed fluid is sucked into the inside of the filter medium due to the pressure difference between the pressure reducing means, the means for dispersing the solid-liquid mixed fluid containing impurities onto the surface of the filter medium, and the pressure reducing means. , a scraping means for scraping the solid content accumulated in a layer on the surface of the filter medium along the side surface of the filter medium, and removing the solid content on the surface of the filter medium that could not be completely removed by the scraping means. A solid-liquid separator comprising a cutting means for releasing the reduced pressure state and removing the solid content on the surface of the filter medium by cutting along a side surface of the filter medium.