JPH0127659B2

JPH0127659B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH0127659B2
Application number: JP56081659A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Tomoki Matsui
Original assignee: Yuasa Battery Corp
Current assignee: Yuasa Corp
Priority date: 1981-05-27
Filing date: 1981-05-27
Publication date: 1989-05-30
Also published as: JPS57196837A

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】産業上の利用分野本発明は充電中の蓄電池電圧が設定電圧に達す
るまでの時間で全充電時間を制御する蓄電池充電
装置の改良に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a storage battery charging device that controls the total charging time based on the time it takes for the voltage of the storage battery during charging to reach a set voltage.

従来技術とその問題点従来より蓄電池充電装置としては、経済性、保
守性等が有利である点からテーパ充電器と呼ばれ
るものが使用されてきた。この種の蓄電池充電装
置は、充電中の蓄電池の転極点電圧（充電量が約
90％の時に起るガス発生の急増する点で、蓄電池
の端子電圧が約2.4V／セルとなる。）を検出し、
その後あらかじめ設定した一定のタイマー設定時
間の到達によつて充電を停止させるようにして自
動化がなされてきた。この充電特性を第１図に示
せば、充電時間５時間で電圧検出器が転極点電圧
（V_B）を検出し、その後タイマー設定時間（Ｔ）
の到達後、充電が停止される如きものである。タ
イマー設定時間（Ｔ）は放電容量に対し、約120
％の充電量が得られるように設定され、第１図で
は約3.5時間である。この方法によると、タイマ
ー設定時間（Ｔ）は転極点電圧（V_B）の検出後
常に一定時間の充電を行うので、電池放電容量が
小さい時や電源電圧が高い時には、第２図のよう
にタイマー設定時間を（T′）、（T″）の如く短か
くして過充電を防止する必要があつた。また放電
容量が大きい時や電源電圧が低い時には不足充電
となつて蓄電池の寿命を短縮させるという欠点が
あつた。Prior Art and its Problems Conventionally, a so-called taper charger has been used as a storage battery charging device because it is advantageous in terms of economy and maintainability. This type of storage battery charging device uses the voltage at the turning point of the storage battery during charging (the amount of charge is approximately
At the point where the gas generation increases rapidly, which occurs at 90% of the time, the terminal voltage of the storage battery becomes approximately 2.4 V/cell. ) is detected,
Thereafter, charging has been automated so that charging is stopped when a preset timer reaches a certain time. If this charging characteristic is shown in Figure 1, the voltage detector detects the turning point voltage (V _B ) after 5 hours of charging time, and then the timer setting time (T).
After reaching , charging is stopped. The timer setting time (T) is approximately 120 minutes relative to the discharge capacity.
% charge amount, which is about 3.5 hours in Figure 1. According to this method, the timer setting time (T) always performs charging for a certain period of time after detecting the turning point voltage (V _B ), so when the battery discharge capacity is small or the power supply voltage is high, It was necessary to prevent overcharging by shortening the timer setting time (T′) or (T″).Also, when the discharge capacity is large or the power supply voltage is low, undercharging may occur and shorten the life of the storage battery. There was a drawback.

発明の目的本発明は上記欠点を解消するもので、充電開始
と同時に始動して第１の設定時間経過後に充電を
停止させる第１のタイマーと、転極点電圧に達し
てから始動して第２の設定時間経過後に充電を停
止させる第２のタイマーとを設け、転極点電圧に
達してから各タイマーを早送りさせ、第１のタイ
マーのカウントアツプと同時に第２のタイマーの
早送りを停止させ、第２のタイマーの残り時間で
転極点電圧の検出点以後の充電時間を制御するこ
とにより、どのような放電容量の蓄電池も適正に
充電しうる蓄電池充電装置を得ることを目的とす
る。Purpose of the Invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and consists of a first timer that starts at the same time as charging starts and stops charging after a first set time elapses, and a second timer that starts after reaching a turning point voltage. A second timer is provided to stop charging after the set time of It is an object of the present invention to provide a storage battery charging device that can appropriately charge a storage battery of any discharge capacity by controlling the charging time after the detection point of the inversion point voltage using the remaining time of the timer No. 2.

発明の構成本発明の蓄電池充電装置は、充電中の蓄電池電
圧を検出し、この電圧が設定電圧に達した時に信
号を送出する充電々圧検出器と、充電開始と同時
に始動して第１の設定時間経過後に充電を停止さ
せる第１のタイマーと、前記充電々圧検出器から
の信号により始動して第２の設定時間経過後に充
電を停止させる第２のタイマーとを備え、かつこ
の信号を前記第１のタイマーに入力してその第１
の設定時間の終りまで早送りさせるとともに、始
動させた第２のタイマーを前記第１のタイマーの
早送り時間だけ早送りさせることにより第２の設
定時間から差し引き、得られた第２の設定時間の
残り時間だけ設定電圧に達した後の充電を行うと
ともに、前記残り時間を定める第２のタイマーの
発振回路に負特性サーミスタを接続し、前記残り
時間が低温時に長く、高温時に短かくなるように
構成したことを特徴とするものである。Structure of the Invention The storage battery charging device of the present invention includes a charging pressure detector that detects the voltage of the storage battery during charging and sends a signal when this voltage reaches a set voltage, and a charging voltage detector that starts at the same time as charging starts to detect the voltage of the storage battery during charging. A first timer that stops charging after a set time has elapsed, and a second timer that is started by a signal from the charging pressure detector and stops charging after a second set time has elapsed; input into the first timer and the first
The remaining time of the second set time is subtracted from the second set time by fast-forwarding the started second timer to the end of the set time and fast-forwarding the started second timer by the fast-forward time of the first timer. Charging is performed after the set voltage is reached, and a negative characteristic thermistor is connected to the oscillation circuit of the second timer that determines the remaining time, so that the remaining time is longer when the temperature is low and becomes shorter when the temperature is high. It is characterized by this.

実施例以下実施例により説明する。第３図は本発明の
蓄電池充電装置における充電開始から設定電圧と
しての転極点電圧（V_B）の検出点までの充電時
間（T₁）と設定電圧としての転極点電圧（V_B）
の検出点から充電を停止させる点までの充電時間
（T₂）との関係を示す一例で、T₂＝0.5T₁＋１な
る関係が成立し、T₁＝０時間の時でもT₂＝１時
間が得られるように構成され、何らかの原因で充
電開始から転極点電圧（V_B）の検出点までの時
間が極端に短かくても不足充電にならないという
利点がある。Examples The following examples will be explained below. Figure 3 shows the charging time (T ₁ ) from the start of charging to the detection point of the turning point voltage (V _B ) as the set voltage and the turning point voltage (V _B ) as the setting voltage in the storage battery charging device of the present invention.
This is an example showing the relationship between the charging time (T ₂ ) from the detection point to the point at which charging is stopped, and the relationship T ₂ = 0.5T ₁ + 1 is established, and even when T ₁ = 0 hours, T ₂ = 1 The structure is configured so that a sufficient amount of time can be obtained, and there is an advantage that insufficient charging will not occur even if the time from the start of charging to the detection point of the polarity turning point voltage (V _B ) is extremely short for some reason.

次に本発明の蓄電池充電装置の回路図を第４図
により説明する。第４図において、１は交流電
源、２は電源投入用押釦スイツチ、３はマグネツ
トスイツチ、４は１次巻線４−１、２次巻線４−
２、補助巻線４−３を有する変圧器、５，８は整
流体、６は蓄電池、７は充電々圧検出器で、蓄電
池６の充電々圧が設定電圧としての転極点電圧
（V_B）付近にまで上昇した時にリレーを駆動して
Ａ接点７−１をオン、Ｂ接点７−２をオフさせる
機能を有する。９は第１のタイマー、１０は第２
のタイマーで、いずれもICタイマーからなり、
外部に取り付ける抵抗とコンデンサとの値により
パルス信号を発する発振回路の周波数を変化させ
ることができ、多数段のフリツプフロツプ回路か
らなる分周回路を経て信号が出力されるまでの時
間を変化させることができる。また前記ICタイ
マーにはリセツト端子があり、このリセツト端子
に正の電圧（以下Ｈレベルという。）を与えた時
に発振を開始し、0V（以下Ｌレベルという。）を
与えた時に発振を停止して計時動作をリセツトす
る機能を有している。なおリセツト端子がＨレベ
ルのままで計時動作が完了すると出力はＬレベル
となる。１１，１２はリレーで、それぞれＡ接点
１１−１，１２−１を有する。１３，１４はトラ
ンジスタ、１５，１６，１７，１８，１９はシリ
コンダイオード、２０は定電圧ダイオード、２
１，２２，２３，２４，２５，２６，２７はコン
デンサ、２８，２９，３０，３１，３２，３３，
３４，３５，３６，３７，３８，３９，４０は抵
抗、４１は負特性サーミスタで、抵抗３６ととも
に蓄電池６の温度または周囲温度により設定電圧
の検出点以降の充電時間（T₂）を補正する機能
を有する。なお第１のタイマー９の発振回路の周
波数はコンデンサ２５と抵抗３１，３２とにより
決定され、第２のタイマー１０の発振回路の周波
数はコンデンサ２７と抵抗３６，３７および負特
性サーミスタ４１とにより決定される。 Next, a circuit diagram of the storage battery charging device of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. In Fig. 4, 1 is an AC power supply, 2 is a power-on push button switch, 3 is a magnetic switch, 4 is a primary winding 4-1, a secondary winding 4-
2, a transformer having an auxiliary winding 4-3, 5 and 8 a fluid regulator, 6 a storage battery, and 7 a charging voltage detector, in which the charging voltage of the storage battery 6 is determined to be the turning point voltage (V _B ) has a function of driving a relay to turn on the A contact 7-1 and turn off the B contact 7-2. 9 is the first timer, 10 is the second timer
These timers are all composed of IC timers,
The frequency of the oscillation circuit that generates the pulse signal can be changed by changing the values of the externally attached resistors and capacitors, and the time it takes for the signal to be output through the frequency divider circuit consisting of multiple stages of flip-flop circuits can be changed. can. Furthermore, the IC timer has a reset terminal, and when a positive voltage (hereinafter referred to as H level) is applied to this reset terminal, oscillation is started, and when 0V (hereinafter referred to as L level) is applied, oscillation is stopped. It has a function to reset the timekeeping operation. Note that when the time counting operation is completed while the reset terminal remains at H level, the output becomes L level. Relays 11 and 12 have A contacts 11-1 and 12-1, respectively. 13, 14 are transistors, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 are silicon diodes, 20 is a constant voltage diode, 2
1, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 are capacitors, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33,
34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, and 40 are resistors, and 41 is a negative characteristic thermistor, which together with the resistor 36 corrects the charging time (T ₂ ) after the detection point of the set voltage based on the temperature of the storage battery 6 or the ambient temperature. Has a function. Note that the frequency of the oscillation circuit of the first timer 9 is determined by the capacitor 25 and resistors 31 and 32, and the frequency of the oscillation circuit of the second timer 10 is determined by the capacitor 27, resistors 36 and 37, and the negative characteristic thermistor 41. be done.

次に上記の如き構成からなる蓄電池充電装置の
動作について説明する。押釦スイツチ２を押す
と、マグネツトスイツチ３が投入され、変圧器４
を介して蓄電池６は充電が開始され、同時に変圧
器４の補助巻線４−３に誘起された電圧は、整流
体８とコンデンサ２１とで整流、平滑され、抵抗
２８を介して定電圧ダイオード２０の両端に一定
の直流電圧を発生させる。この時、電圧検出器７
は蓄電池６が充電初期であるため動作せず、Ａ接
点７−１はオフ、Ｂ接点７−２はオンで、第２の
タイマー１０はリセツト状態を継続している。第
１のタイマー９はコンデンサ２３により電源投入
直後はリセツト状態であるが、コンデンサ２３の
充電が進行するとリセツト端子がＨレベルにな
り、計時動作を開始するとともに出力がＨレベル
になる。従つて抵抗３３を通じてトランジスタ１
３をオンとし、リレー１１を駆動させるとともに
抵抗３９、ダイオード１７を通じてトランジスタ
１４をオンとし、リレー１２を駆動させる。前記
リレー１１が駆動されることにより、Ａ接点１１
−１がオンして抵抗３６と負特性サーミスタ４１
とを短絡する。またリレー１２が駆動されること
により、Ａ接点１２−１がオンしてマグネツトス
イツチ３がオン状態に保持されるため、押釦スイ
ツチ２を放しても蓄電池６は充電が継続される。
今、第１のタイマー９の外部に取り付ける抵抗３
１の値を大きく、抵抗３２の値を小さくしておく
と、（たとえば抵抗３１に対して抵抗３２は１／
100とする。）Ａ接点７−１はオフであるため、第
１のタイマー９の設定時間（以下第１の設定時間
といい、同様に第２のタイマー１０の設定時間を
第２の設定時間という。）すなわち計時動作が開
始されてから出力がＬレベルになるまでの時間は
長くなる。この時間をたとえば約10時間にしてお
くと、充電々圧検出器７の故障や蓄電池６中に短
絡セルの混入による充電々圧検出器７の不動作が
あつても、この時間が経過すると第１のタイマー
９の出力はＬレベルとなり、トランジスタ１４が
オフしてリレー１２のＡ接点１２−１がオフし、
マグネツトスイツチ３の接点３−１がオフして充
電が停止されるので、蓄電池６の過充電を防止す
ることができる。一方、充電々圧検出器７が設定
電圧としての転極点電圧（V_B）を検出すると、
Ａ接点７−１がオン、Ｂ接点７−２がオフするた
め、この時点から第１のタイマー９の発振回路の
周波数は高くなり、（前述した割合であれば100
倍）第１の設定時間が終りまで早送りされるとと
もに、第２のタイマー１０もリセツト端子がＨレ
ベルになつて計時動作を開始してその出力がＨレ
ベルになり、第１のタイマー９の出力がＬレベル
になつても抵抗３８、ダイオード１８を介してト
ランジスタ１４をオン状態に保つ。この時の第２
のタイマー１０の発振回路の周波数はリレー１１
のＡ接点１１−１がオンである間、すなわち第１
の設定時間の早送りの早送りが完了するまでの間
は抵抗３７とコンデンサ２７とによつて決まり、
この間の周波数が高くなるようにして第２のタイ
マー１０を早送りさせる。こうして第２の設定時
間からこの早送り時間を差し引くことができ、第
２の設定時間の残り時間を転極点電圧（V_B）の
検出点以降の充電時間とすることができ、しかも
負特性サーミスタ４１によりその時間を低温時に
長く、高温時に短かくすることができる。これは
蓄電池６を適正充電する点において好ましいこと
である。今、早送り時の第２の設定時間を第１の
設定時間の1.2倍にすると、第１の設定時間は10
時間であるから６分間で早送りされ、第２の設定
時間に対する早送り時間は7.2分である。従つて
T₁＝０時間の時T₂＝１時間（早送り時間に換算
して1.2分）が得られるように構成するためには、
第２のタイマー１０の早送り時の周波数を通常時
の周波数の50倍にすればよい。これを第１図の充
電特性に適用すると、第５図に示したように、充
電開始から転極点電圧（V_B）の検出点までの時
間（T₁）が５時間であるから第１の設定時間の
終りまでの時間も５時間になり、この時間が1/10
０で早送りされることになる。従つて早送り時間
は３分間で、第２のタイマー１０も３分間早送り
され、早送り後の残り時間7.2分−３分＝4.2分、
すなわち4.2分×50＝210分＝3.5時間が転極点電
圧（V_B）の検出点以降の充電時間（T₂）となる。
この充電時間（T₂）が終了すると、第２のタイ
マー１０の出力はＬレベルになつてトランジスタ
１４がオフしてリレー１２のＡ接点１２−１がオ
フし、充電が停止されるという構成である。 Next, the operation of the storage battery charging device configured as described above will be explained. When push button switch 2 is pressed, magnetic switch 3 is turned on and transformer 4 is turned on.
At the same time, the voltage induced in the auxiliary winding 4-3 of the transformer 4 is rectified and smoothed by the rectifier 8 and the capacitor 21, and then transferred to the constant voltage diode via the resistor 28. A constant DC voltage is generated across 20. At this time, voltage detector 7
does not operate because the storage battery 6 is in the early stage of charging, the A contact 7-1 is off, the B contact 7-2 is on, and the second timer 10 continues to be in the reset state. The first timer 9 is in a reset state immediately after the power is turned on by the capacitor 23, but as the charging of the capacitor 23 progresses, the reset terminal becomes H level, and the timer starts timing operation, and the output becomes H level. Therefore, through the resistor 33, the transistor 1
3 is turned on, the relay 11 is driven, and the transistor 14 is turned on through the resistor 39 and the diode 17, so that the relay 12 is driven. By driving the relay 11, the A contact 11
-1 turns on and resistor 36 and negative characteristic thermistor 41
Short circuit. Further, by driving the relay 12, the A contact 12-1 is turned on and the magnetic switch 3 is kept in the on state, so that even if the push button switch 2 is released, the storage battery 6 continues to be charged.
Now, the resistor 3 attached to the outside of the first timer 9
If the value of 1 is made large and the value of resistor 32 is made small (for example, resistor 32 becomes 1/1 of the value of resistor 31).
Set it to 100. ) Since the A contact 7-1 is off, the set time of the first timer 9 (hereinafter referred to as the first set time; similarly, the set time of the second timer 10 is referred to as the second set time), i.e. It takes a long time from when the timing operation starts until the output becomes L level. If this time is set to about 10 hours, for example, even if the charging pressure detector 7 is malfunctioning or the charging pressure detector 7 is inoperable due to a short-circuited cell mixed in the storage battery 6, after this time has elapsed, the The output of timer 9 of No. 1 becomes L level, transistor 14 is turned off, A contact 12-1 of relay 12 is turned off,
Since the contact 3-1 of the magnetic switch 3 is turned off and charging is stopped, overcharging of the storage battery 6 can be prevented. On the other hand, when the charging voltage detector 7 detects the turning point voltage (V _B ) as the set voltage,
Since the A contact 7-1 is on and the B contact 7-2 is off, the frequency of the oscillation circuit of the first timer 9 increases from this point on (at the rate mentioned above, it becomes 100
2) The first set time is fast-forwarded to the end, and the reset terminal of the second timer 10 also becomes H level and starts timing operation, its output becomes H level, and the output of the first timer 9 Even if the current becomes L level, the transistor 14 is kept on through the resistor 38 and the diode 18. The second at this time
The frequency of the oscillation circuit of the timer 10 is the relay 11
While the A contact 11-1 of the
The period until the fast forwarding of the set time of fast forwarding is completed is determined by the resistor 37 and the capacitor 27,
The second timer 10 is fast-forwarded so that the frequency during this time becomes high. In this way, this fast-forward time can be subtracted from the second set time, and the remaining time of the second set time can be set as the charging time after the detection point of the turning point voltage (V _B ). This makes it possible to lengthen the time at low temperatures and shorten it at high temperatures. This is preferable in terms of properly charging the storage battery 6. Now, if the second set time for fast forwarding is made 1.2 times the first set time, the first set time will be 10
Since the time is 6 minutes, the fast forward time is 7.2 minutes for the second set time. Accordingly
In order to configure so that when T ₁ = 0 hours, T ₂ = 1 hour (1.2 minutes converted to fast forward time) is obtained,
The frequency of the second timer 10 during fast forwarding may be set to 50 times the normal frequency. When this is applied to the charging characteristics shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 5, the time (T ₁ ) from the start of charging to the detection point of the turning point voltage (V _B ) is 5 hours, so the first The time until the end of the set time is also 5 hours, and this time is 1/10
0 will cause it to be fast forwarded. Therefore, the fast-forward time is 3 minutes, the second timer 10 is also fast-forwarded for 3 minutes, and the remaining time after fast-forward is 7.2 minutes - 3 minutes = 4.2 minutes.
That is, 4.2 minutes x 50 = 210 minutes = 3.5 hours is the charging time (T ₂ ) after the detection point of the polarity reversal point voltage (V _B ).
When this charging time (T ₂ ) ends, the output of the second timer 10 becomes L level, the transistor 14 is turned off, the A contact 12-1 of the relay 12 is turned off, and charging is stopped. be.

発明の効果実施例において詳述した如く、本発明の蓄電池
充電装置は２個のICタイマーの組み合わせによ
り、放電容量の大小、電源電圧の高低、温度変化
の諸条件に対しても、常に適正充電することがで
き、特に充電々圧検出器の故障や短絡セルの混入
による充電々圧検出器の不動作に対しても安全で
あるという利点を有するものである。Effects of the Invention As detailed in the examples, the storage battery charging device of the present invention uses a combination of two IC timers to ensure proper charging at all times, regardless of various conditions such as discharge capacity, power supply voltage, and temperature changes. It has the advantage of being safe especially against malfunction of the charging voltage detector or malfunction of the charging voltage detector due to the inclusion of short-circuited cells.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図はテーパ充電器の充電特性図、第２図は
放電容量や電源電圧の変化に対する充電特性の変
化を示す図、第３図は充電開始から転極点電圧の
検出点までの時間とこの検出点から充電停止させ
るまでの時間との関係を示す図、第４図は本発明
の蓄電池充電装置の回路図、第５図は第４図のタ
イムチヤート図である。１……交流電源、２……押釦スイツチ、５，８
……整流体、６……蓄電池、７……充電々圧検出
器、９……第１のタイマー、１０……第２のタイ
マー、１１，１２……リレー、４１……負特性サ
ーミスタ。 Figure 1 shows the charging characteristics of the taper charger, Figure 2 shows the changes in charging characteristics due to changes in discharge capacity and power supply voltage, and Figure 3 shows the time from the start of charging to the detection point of the reversal point voltage and this time. 4 is a circuit diagram of the storage battery charging device of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a time chart of FIG. 4. 1... AC power supply, 2... Push button switch, 5, 8
...Regulator, 6...Storage battery, 7...Charging pressure detector, 9...First timer, 10...Second timer, 11, 12...Relay, 41...Negative characteristic thermistor.

Claims

[Claims]

1. A charge voltage detector that detects the storage battery voltage during charging and sends a signal when this voltage reaches a set voltage, and a first charge voltage detector that starts at the same time as charging starts and stops charging after a first set time elapses. The second timer is started by the signal from the charging pressure detector and the second
and a second timer that stops charging after the set time has elapsed, and inputs this signal to the first timer to fast-forward to the end of the first set time, and the second timer is started. is subtracted from the second setting time by fast-forwarding the first timer by the fast-forwarding time of the first timer, charging is performed after the set voltage is reached by the remaining time of the obtained second setting time, and the remaining time is A storage battery charging device characterized in that a negative characteristic thermistor is connected to an oscillation circuit of a second timer, and the remaining time is longer when the temperature is low and shorter when the temperature is high.